Unit+3+Celebrations+语法点之被动语态课件高中英语北师大版(2019)必修第一册

thepassivevoiceUNIT3Celebrations被动语态thepassivevoiceCHAPTER1被动语态的概念主动语态和被动语态

语态

语态Lilycleansthisroomeveryday.ThisroomiscleanedbyLilyeveryday.例句被动语态的主语是动作的承受者主动语态的主语是动作的执行者、发出者什么时候常用被动语态?被动语态不知道动作的执行者没有必要指出动作的执行者强调动作的承受者被动语态下面几种情况一般用被动语态:(1)不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时。Themeetinghasbeenputoff.会议已被推迟了。被动语态(2)强调动作的承受者时。Thissculpturewascarvedbyhim.这个雕塑是他雕刻的。被动语态(3)出于礼貌防止说出动作的执行者时。Everyoneisexpectedtoobeythefollowingrules.希望大家遵守以下规定。Scanthereadingtextandunderlinealltheverbsinthepassivevoice.Thendiscusswithapartnerwhythepassivevoiceisused.1.Thehousewascleanedfromtoptobottom.2.ItisbelievedthatwhenFuisputupsidedown,happinessarrives.3.Trainticketsorflightshavetobebookedasearlyaspossible.4.Thespiritofthefestivalhaslargelybeenkept.Underlinethestructureofpassivevoiceinthesesentences.Thepassivevoiceisusedtofocusonthepersonorobjectthatexperiencesanactionratherthanthepersonorobjectthatperformstheaction.Itisusedwhenwedon'tknowtheperformer,ortheperformerisunimportant(andthereforeomitted),ortheperformeristobehighlighted(andthereforeplacedtowardtheend).被动语态被动语态得结构be+done(过去分词)+bysb被动语态各种时态的被动语态do/does---一般现在时am/is/aredoneEveryonelovesBingDwenDwen.BingDwenDwen_________(byeveryone).isloved一般过去时did---was/weredoneTheimageofBingDwenDwen______________byCaoxue.CaoxuedesignedtheimageofBingDwenDwen.wasdesigned被动语态各种时态的被动语态一般将来时过去将来时willdo---woulddo---willbedonewouldbedoneWewilldefeatCOVID-19inthefuture.Dr.ZhongNanshansaidwewoulddefeatCOVID-19inthefuture.COVID-19_______________(byus)inthefuture.Dr.ZhongNanshansaidCOVID-19________________

(byus)inthefuture.willbedefeated

wouldbedefeated被动语态各种时态的被动语态进行时bedoing---bebeingdoneThisbridge__________(byworkers)now.

Thebike_____________(byTom)yesterday.Workersarebuildingthisbridgenow.

Tomwasrepairingthebike.isbeingbuiltwasbeingrepaired被动语态各种时态的被动语态现在完成时过去完成时has/havedone---haddone---has/havebeendonehadbeendoneDoctorshavefoundaneffectivewaytodefeatthediseasesofar.PeoplehadnotneededmasksbeforetheoutbreakofCOVID19.

Aneffectivewaytodefeatthedisease_____________

(bydoctors)sofar.Masks____________________beforetheoutbreakofCOVID19.

hasbeenfoundhadnotbeenneeded

被动语态动词不定式的被动语态Homeworkneedstobefinished.动词不定式todosth----tobedone被动语态情态动词的被动语态Wecandefeatthediseaseifweworktogether!Thedisease_________________ifweworktogether!情态动词can/could/should/may/might+do----canbedefeated情态动词+bedone被动语态Summarywas/were+donewill/would+bedoneam/is/are+doneam/is/are+beingdonewas/were+beingdonehas/have+beendonehad+beendonecanbedonetobedone语态时态被动语态1.ThePeople'sRepublicofChina___onOctober1,1949.A.found B.wasfounded C.isfounded D.wasfound2.ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensings B.oftensang C.isoftensang D.isoftensung3.--I'dliketobuythatcoat.--I'msorry.___.A.ItsoldB.ItissellingC.IthasbeensoldD.Ithadbeensold4.Ourroommust___clean.A.keep B.bekept C.tobekept D.tokeep5.Hisnewbook___nextmonth.A.willbepublished B.ispublishingC.isbeingpublished D.hasbeenpublishedfound--founded--founded成立find--found--found发现被动语态6.(2020全国I)...“becauseitmeanswehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon______________(construct).〞7.(2020全国III)Theartistwassurehewould___________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor'schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.8.(2019全国III)TheyalsosharedwithusmanytraditionalstoriesaboutHawaiithatwerehugelypopularwithtourist.Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,we_____________(invite)toattendprivateconcert.isconstructedbechosenwereinvited9.(2017全国I)Whenfatandsalt_____________(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissing.10.(2016全国I)Soitwasagreathonortobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch.I____________(allow)togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.被动语态各种时态的被动语态areremovedwasallowed被动语态的特殊形式1.“get＋过去分词〞表示被动我的自行车昨晚被偷了。

你没有太多时间换衣服了。Mybikegotstolenlastnight.Youdon’thaveenoughtimetogetchanged.主动语态→make/let/have/see/hearsbdosth被动语态→sbbemade/let/had/seen/heardtodosth被动语态的特殊形式Theymadehimgotherealone.Hewasmade

(go)therealone.2.使役动词make,let,have以及感官动词see,hear,watch,notice,observe在主动语态里，无to。但变为被动语态时，to要复原。togo被动语态的特殊形式givesbsthgivesthtosbsbbegivensthbuysthforsb3.带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，用for或者to引出表示人的间接宾语。sbbegivensthsthbegiventosbsbbeboughtsthsthbeboughttosb被动语态的特殊形式Wegavehimtheletter.givesbsthWegavethelettertohim.givesthtosbHewasgiventheletter.Theletterwasgiventohim.3.带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，用for或者to引出表示人的间接宾语。被动语态的特殊形式Sheoftenlooksaftertheold.Theoldareoftenlookedafterbyher.4.动词短语是一个整体，不可分割。在被动句中，不可去掉后面的介词或者副词。prohibitsbfromdoingsthattachAtoB被动？被动语态的特殊形式Itissaidthat…Itisreportedthat…Itishopedthat…Itiswellknownthat…Itisbelievedthat…Itmustbepointedoutthat…5.在一些固定句型中常用被动语态被动语态的特殊形式Thisroombelongstome.Whenwillthesportsmeetingtakeplace?6.不及物动词,不及物动词短语或系动词无被动语态。常见的有：appear,disappear,breakout,cometrue,runout,dateback,happen,goon,takeplace,belongto,等。被动语态的特殊形式Thisroombelongstome.Whenwillthesportsmeetingtakeplace?6.不及物动词,不及物动词短语或系动词无被动语态。常见的有：appear,disappear,breakout,cometrue,runout,dateback,happen,goon,takeplace,belongto,等。主动表被动1.系动词＋形容词常见系动词有look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turnout等。例如：Theapplestastegood.Theflowersmellswonderful.Thenewsproved/turnedouttrue.Cottonfeelssoft.主动表被动①Themuseumdoesn’topenon

Monday.②ThiskindofcarsellswellinChina.2.当open,close,shut,lock,move,clean,cook,cut,wear,carry,write,read,sell,wash,measure等用作不及物动词且表示主语某种属性时，常用主动表示被动3.want/need/require/beworth+v-ing=want/need/require/beworth+tobedoneThebookisworthreading.（值得一读）Thecoatrequiresmending.（需要缝补）Thechildrenneedslookingafter.（需要照看）Thetablewantscleaning.（需打扫）主动表被动主动表被动4.主语+be+adj+todo不定式在某些形容词之后，且与主语有动宾关系。常见形容词有：hard,difficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible等。例如：Englishiseasytolearn.课堂练习1.

Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms____allovertheworld.A.haveproducedB.havebeenproducedC.areproducingD.arebeingproduced【答案】B【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。【解析】句意为“在过去的几年时间里，全世界制作了成千上万部电影。〞inthelastfewyears在过去的几年时间里，其实是从过去算到现在，是现在完成时的标志。选B。2.Alotofpeopleoftenforgetthatoralexams__________totestourcommunicativeability.A.design B.aredesigned C.aredesigning D.arebeingdesigned【答案】B【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。【解析】句意为“很多人经常忘记设计口语测试是用来检测我们的交际能力的。〞一般现在时表示经常性动作或状态时，常与often,always,usually,sometimes,everyday等时间状语连用。oralexams与design的关系存在着被动，应选B。3.Allvisitorstothisvillage_______withkindness.A.treatB.aretreatedC.aretreatingD.hadbeentreated【答案】B【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。【解析】句意为“所有到这个村子的来访者都会受到善意的接待。〞表示经常性或习惯性的动作，用一般现在时。来访者与招待存在着被动关系。由于没有交代过去时间，hadbeentreated过去的过去不能用。因此选B。4.Inthenearfuture,moreadvancesintherobottechnology_______byscientists.A.aremakingB.aremadeC.willmakeD.willbebmade【答案】D【考点】考查动词的时态和语态。【解析】句意为“在不久的将来，科学家将会在机器人技术上取得更大的进展。〞inthenearfuture说明了将来的时间，moreadvances与make主谓关系上存在着被动，应选D。5.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection______.A.hascompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.iscompletedDcomplete是及物动词，“邮集〞是被人完成的，须从表被动意的C、D中选择。又因before等引导的时间状语从句中谓语要用一般现在时表将来，所以此题答案为D。6.Theflowersweresolovelythatthey______innotime.A.sold B.hadbeensoldC.weresold D.wouldsellC。此题考查动词的时态和语态。由句意可知此处应用被动语态，故排除A、D两项；由weresolovely与sell不分先后关系可排除B项。7.Astheyearspassed,manyoccasions—birthdays,awards,graduations—______withDad’sflowers.A.aremarked B.weremarkedC.havemarked D.hadmarkedB。as从句用了一般过去时，主从句时态应一致。occasions与mark之间为被动关系。8.ProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureontheWesternculture,butwhenandwhere______yet.hasn’tbeendecidedB.haven’tdecidedC.isn’tbeingdecidedD.aren’tdecidedA。此题考查动词的时态与语态。句意为：詹姆斯教授要给我们作关于西方文化的讲座，但时间和地点还没决定。由yet可看出用完成时，又因时间与地点是被决定的，故应用被动语态。9.Igotcaughtintherainandmysuit______.A.hasruined B.hadruined C.hasbeenru