2019新人教高中英语必修一Unit5Discovering useful structures课件

2019新人教高中英语必修一Unit5LanguagesaroundtheworldDiscoveringusefulstructuresActivity1:

Discovering-Lookatthesesentencesandunderlinetherestrictiveattributiveclauses.Whatkindofinformationdoeseachclausecommunicate?Itwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically.

2.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.3.Therearemanyreasonswhypeoplelearnaforeignlanguage.4.ThesewereanimalbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.Information:atime

foranevent.

Information:alocation

foranevent.

Information:areasonforanaction.Information:areasonforanaction.Information:areason

foranaction.

Information:alocation

foranaction.Itwasatime

whenpeopleweredividedgeographically.

Information:atime

foranevent.小结1

先行词（即被修饰的名词）在从句中做

时间状语时，连接词使用when.Itwasatime.Atthattimepeopleweredividedgeographically.when引导定语从句IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstsawyou.→IwillneverforgetthedayonwhichIfirstsawyou.我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。when引导定语从句时，从句的先行词为表示____________的名词，when在从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词in/at/on/during...＋which”结构。时间2.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountry

wheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.Information:alocation

foranevent.小结2

先行词（即被修饰的名词）在从句中做地点状语时，连接词使用where.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountry.InthatcountrytheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.where引导定语从句AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltownwherehegrewupasachild.→AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltowninwhichhegrewupasachild.在巴黎生活了50年后，他回到了儿时成长的那个小镇。Theaccidenthasreachedtothepointwhereboththeirparentsaretobecalledin.事情发展到如此地步，不得不请双方家长来一趟了。(1)where引导定语从句时，从句的先行词为表示地点的名词，where在从句中作__________状语，相当于“________________”结构。(2)关系副词where表示“地点的模糊化”。当先行词表示某人/物的situation，或某事发展的stage，或表达某事的某个方面时都可用关系副词where。常见的先行词还有point，case，position，condition等。

地点介词in/at...＋which3.Therearemanyreasons

whypeoplelearnaforeignlanguage.Information:

areason

foranaction.小结3

先行词（即被修饰的名词）在从句中做原因状语时，连接词使用why。Therearemanyreasons.Becauseofthesereasons,peoplelearnaforeignlanguage.why引导定语从句Unsuccessfulpeoplecanalwaysfindreasonswhythey’renotdoingwell.→Unsuccessfulpeoplecanalwaysfindreasonsforwhichthey’renotdoingwell.不成功的人总能找到自己表现不好的理由。why引导定语从句时，从句的先行词通常是reason，why在从句中作_________状语，相当于“________________”结构。表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，则应用关系代词。Idon’tbelievethereason(that/which)hegavemeforhisbeinglate.我不相信他给出的迟到的理由。原因介词for＋which4.Thesewereanimalbonesandshells

onwhich

symbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.小结4先行词指物且在从句中做状语时，连接词可以用介词+which来替换关系副词，其中介词的选择和先行词的搭配有关。Therewereanimalsbonesandshells.SymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeopleonthem.Thesewereanimalbonesandshellsonwhich(=where)

symbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.

介词+which(如onwhich)的结构一般限于比较正式的文体中。Information:

alocation

foranaction.“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”；关系代词有时也用whose(作定语)。

YesterdaywevisitedtheWestLakeforwhichHangzhouisfamous.昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。(befamousfor“因……而出名”)Thisisthecamerawithwhichheoftentakesphotos.这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(withthecamera“用照相机”)ThebossinwhosecompanyMrKingworkedheardabouttheaccident.金先生所工作的公司的老板听到了这起事故。(intheboss’company“在老板的公司”)Thecolorlessgaswithoutwhichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.(withoutthecolorlessgas“没有这种无色气体”)这种无色的、离了它我们就无法生存的气体是氧气。选用介词的依据(1)根据定语从句中____________的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。(2)根据____________的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)。(3)根据句子的意思来选择。谓语动词先行词

定语从句三步解体法：一、先找出主句；二、确定先行词三、判断先行词在从句中做的成分定语从句的引导词关系代词关系副词指人指物who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，that(主语、宾语),whose(定语)that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)whose(定语)where(地点状语)when(时间状语)why(原因状语)Activity2:

Summary定语从句是在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句，

又称为形容词性从句。这种从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，并作句子成分。Ps:先行词在从句中做状语时，连接词有时可以用介词+which/whom来替换关系副词Activity3:

Fillinthetabletocompleteeachphrasewitharestrictiverelativeclause.Thenusethephrasestomakecompletesentences.

theday

when

theearthquakehappenedIwasonholidaytheday

when

theearthquakehappened.

theday

when

Istartedlearningmysecondforeignlanguage.

IwillalwaysrememberthedaywhenIstartedlearningmysecondforeignlanguage.

theplace

where

myfriendlivesSheworksneartheplacewhere

myfriendlives.

theplace

where

ImetthemoviestarLetmeshowyoutheplacewhere

Imetthemoviestar.

thereason

why

Ididn'tgetapay-rise

thereason

why

IwanttolearnSpanishIdon'tknowthereasonwhy

Ididn'tgetapay-rise.Thereasonwhy

IwanttolearnSpanish

istotraveltoPeruoneday.

theplace

介词

+which

IfoundGrandma'sglasses

thetime

介词

+which

IfirstmetyouontheshipThisisthecupboard

inwhichIfoundGrandma'sglasses.IwillneverforgotthedayonwhichIfirstmetyouontheship.注意：并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时都用when,where,why，若先行词在定语从句中不做状语，而作主语或宾语，就必须用which或that。

比较:

when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于onthedays。which在定语从句中作宾语Weoftenthinkofthedayswhenweworkedtogetherinthecountryside.

Weoftenthinkofthedayswhichwespenttogetherinthecountryside.

WhenIstartedstudyingGerman,itwasastruggle.Thewordsfeltstrangeonmytongue,andthegrammarwouldnotstayinmyhead.ItoldmymumthatIwantedtogiveup,andthatIwouldneverliveinacountry______Germanwasspoken.Mymumtoldmethatstudyingalanguagewasnotjustformyfuture.Itwasexerciseforthebrain;themoreIlearntofalanguage,themoremybrainwouldgrow.AndIrememberthatday_____IsuddenlyfeltlikeGermanwasnolongeraforeignlanguage.Itfeltlikemybrainhaddoubledinsize.Ihadfinallycometoaplace_______Icouldthinkinthisforeignlanguage,andIcouldseetheworldfromadifferentpointofview.IfeltasifIhadreachedthegoal________Ihadbeenfightingfor.Icouldopenabookandseemeanings,notjustaseaofwords.Ifinallyunderstoodthereason_____mymumhadencouragedmenottogiveup.Thanks,Mum!wherewhenwherethat/whichwhyActivity4:

Completethepassagewiththecorrectrelativeadverbsorpronouns.Addaprepositionwherenecessary.Activity5ExerciseFillintheblankswiththepassagewiththecorrectrelativeadverbsorpronouns.Addaprepositionwherenecessary.①Thisistheplace____________weheldapartylastweek.②Doyourememberthedays____________wespenttogetheronthefarm?③Idon’tknowthereason____________hedidn’tturntohisgoodfriendforhelpyesterd