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绝密★启用前

冲刺2023年高考英语真题重组卷01

北京地区专用(解析版)

注意事项:

1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮

擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分知识运用(共两节,30分)

第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,

并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

(2022•北京•高考真题)OneMondaymorning,whilethechildrenwereenjoying"freeplay",Isteppedtothe

doorwayoftheclassroomtotakeabreak.Suddenly,I]amovementoftheheavywoodendoor.Thiswas

theverydoorI2guidedthechildrenthroughtoensuretheirsafetyfromthebittercold.Ifeltachill(寒意)

gothroughmybody.

Mylegscarriedmetothatdoor,andIpusheditopen.ItwasoneofmykindergartenerswhoIthoughtwas

3thatday.Hehadbeendroppedoffatschoollateandwas4toopenthedoor.

Hemusthavebeenwaitingthereforquiteawhile!Withoutaword,Irushedhimtothehospital.Hewas

treatedforfrostbiteonhishands.He'dneedtimeto5,andwouldn'tcomeforclassthenextday,I

thought.

Thenextmorning,oneofthefirstto6wasmylittlefrostbittenboy.Notonlydidheruninwith

energy,buthis7couldbeheardasloudasever!Igavehimawarmhugandtoldhimhow8I

wastoseehim.Hiswordshavestayedwithmealltheseyears,“Iknewyouwouldopenthedoor.^^

ThatcoldMondaymorning,hewaitedalong,longwhileforadultsto9.Toachild,everyminute

feelslikeforever.Hedidn'tattempttowalkbackhome;hewaitedandtrusted.Thisfive-year-oldtaughtmea

powerfullessonin10.

1.A.causedB.spottedC.checkedD.imagined

2.A.hesitantlyB.randomlyC.dizzilyD.carefully

3.A.angryB.absentC.specialD.noisy

4.A.courageousB.contentC.unableD・unwilling

5.A.recoverB.playC.changeD.wait

6.A.settleB.gatherC.arriveD.react

7.A.sneezeB.weepC.complaintD.laughter

8.A.luckyB.happyC.curiousD.nervous

9.A.showupB.pullupC.holdupD.lineup

10.A.gratitudeB.forgivenessC.faithD.kindness

【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。一个小男孩上学去晚了,被关在J'门外,小男孩推不开门,于是大冬天的

在门外等了很久,直到老师不经意间发现门有动静,才注意到他被关在门外。小男孩坚定地相信老师会给

他开门,这种信念让老师一直铭记于心。

1.B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:突然,我注意到那扇沉重的木门动了一下。A.caused引起、使发

生;B.spotted看见、注意到;C.checked检查、核对;D.imagined想象。根据后面的“amovementofthe

heavywoodendoor.“可知,此处表示看到门动了下,spot符合语境。故选B。

2.D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意:这正是那扇我小心翼翼地领着孩子们穿过,以确保他们不受严寒

侵袭的门。A.hesitanlly迟疑地、踌躇地;B.randomly随机地;C.dizzily头晕眼花地;D.carefully小心

地、谨慎地。根据后面的“toensuretheirsafetyfromthebittercold.”可知,要确保孩子们不受严寒侵袭,

说明是小心翼翼地领着孩子们通过,carefully符合语境。故选D。

3.B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:是我幼儿园的一个孩子,我以为他那天没来。A.angry生气的、

愤怒的;B.absent缺席的、不在的;C.special特殊的、特别的;D.noisy嘈杂的、聒噪的。根据下文的

“Hehadbeendroppedoffatschoollateandwas_4____toopenthedoor.”可知,是小男孩来晚了,又

开不了门,所以老师以为他没来,此处absent符合语境。故选B。

4.C【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他很晚才被送到学校,打不开门。A.courageous勇敢的;B.content

满足的、满意的;C.unable无法胜任的、不会的;D.unwilling不愿意的。根据上文的“theheavywooden

door.”和下文的“Hemusthavebeenwaitingtherefbrquiteawhile!”可知,门很重,小男孩打不开,所以才

在门外等了很久,此处指“打不开门”,unable符合语境。故选C。

5.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他需要时间恢复,我想他第二天不会来上课了。A.recover恢复、

康复;B.play玩闹、戏弄;C.change改变;D.wait等待。根据前面的“Hewastreatedforfrostbiteonhis

hands.“可知,小男孩手冻伤了,所以需要时间恢复,此处recover符合语境。故选A。

6.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:第二天早上,我那冻伤的小男孩是第一批赶到的人之一。A.settle

解决、定居:B.gather聚集、召集;C.arrive到达;D.react反应。根据下文“Notonlydidheruninwith

energy,“可知,小男孩精力充沛地跑了进来,说明是来了学校,故此处指第一批到达学校的人,应用arrive«

故选C。

7.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他不仅精力充沛地跑了进来,而且他的笑声还像以前一样响亮!

A.sneeze打喷嚏;B.weep哭泣;C.complaint抱怨;D.laughter笑声。根据前面的“Notonlydidherunin

withenergy”可知,小男孩精力充沛地跑了进来,说明身体恢复好了,结合后面的“couldbeheardasloud

asever”可知,此处应指“笑声和以前一样响亮”,laughter符合语境。故选D。

8.B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我给了他一个温暖的拥抱,告诉他我很高兴见到他。A.lucky

幸运的;B.happy开心的、幸福的:C.curious好奇的;D.nervous紧张的、担忧的。根据上文"He'dneed

timeto5_,andwouldn'tcomefbrclassthenextday,Ithought.”可知,作者以为小男孩不会来学

校,所以看到小男孩的时候,应该是开心的,h叩py符合语境。故选B。

9.A【解析】考查短语辨析。句意:在那个寒冷的周一早晨,他等了很久很久,才等到大人的出现。A.show

up露面,出现;B.pullup拔起、停下来;C.holdup举起、阻挡;D.lineup排队。根据上下文语义可

知,小男孩在门口等了很久,才等到大人出现给他开门,此处用showup符合语境。故选A。

10.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个五岁的孩子给我在信念方面上了一堂有力的课。A.gratitude

感激;B.forgiveness宽恕;C.faith信任、信念;D.kindness善良、仁慈。根据前面“Hedidn'tattemptto

walkbackhome;hewaitedandtrusted.”可知,小男孩在门口等了很久,却没有试图回家,说明小男孩有

很强的的信念,故此处指老师从小男孩身上学到了一些关于信念的东西,此处指“关于信念的课“,faith

符合语境。故选C。

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)

A

阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的

空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

(2022•北京・高考真题)HelenwaswalkingdownIhestreetlate11theevening,herarmsfilledwith

grocerybags.Focusedonbalancingthebags,shedidn'tnoticeherwalletfallingoutofherpocket.AsHelen

walkedon,sheheardamanchargingtowardsher.Fearfulthathemighthaveanintention12(harm)her,

Helenstartedtorun.Eventually,theman13(catch)upwithher,andhewasonlytryingtoreturnher

wallet!

【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历。

11.in【解析】考查介词。句意:深夜,海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。intheevening意为“在晚上”,固定搭配。

故填in。

12.toharm【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:海伦担心他可能有意伤害她,便开始快跑。分析句子结构,

可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式,haveanintentiontodosth.意为“有意向做某事“,固定搭配,不定式作

后置定语。故填toharm。

13.caught【解析】考查动词时态。句意:最终,那个男人追上了她,他只是想把她的钱包还给她!结合句

意空处应填谓语动词的形式,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。故填caught。

B

阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的

空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

(2020•北京•高考真题)OliverisahostofaTVprogrammeonfood.Hesaysfood14(play)abigrole

inhislife."Mymumwasagreatcook,andshe'dsometimesletmehaveatry,"hesaid.ThefirstdishOliver

preparedforhisfamilywasfriedchickenwings.Hemadeitwithhismum'shelp.Oliversaysif

you're15(luck)enoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking,askthem16youcanjoin

inwhenit'spossible.

【语篇解读】本文是记叙文,主要介绍了美食节目主持人奥利弗。

14.plays/hasplayed/isplaying/hasbeenplaying【解析】考查时态。句意:他说食物在他的生命中扮演着重要

角色。此处表示现在的状态,也可以表示从过去一直到现在延续的状态,所以可以用现在时,现在进

行时,现在完成时和现在完成进行时。主语food为不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。故填plays/hasplayed/is

playing/hasbeenplaying»

15.lucky【解析】考查形容词。句意:奥利弗说,如果你足够幸运,身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be

动词,所以空处填形容词做表语。故填lucky。

16.if/whether【解析】考查连词。句意:问他们你是否有可能加入他们。youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.

是宾语从句,从句成分完整,但缺“是否”的意思,故填if/whether。

C

阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的

空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空.

(2021•北京•高考真题)There17(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsover

thepast20years.18(cause)largelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromthe

UnitedNations.From2000to2019,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,19(result)

inUSD2,970billionineconomicloss.Muchofthisincreasecanbeduetoclimatechange.Thefindingsshowa

criticalneed20(invest)indisasterprevention.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章指出过去20年里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增加,这在很大程度

上是由全球气温上升造成的,引发重大自然灾害,造成了极大的经济损失,因此人们急需投资于灾害预防。

17.hasbeen【解析】考查动词时态。句意:根据联合国的一份新报告,过去20年里,极端天气事件的数

量急剧增加,这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语overthepast20years可知,此

处使用现在完成时,adramaticrise是单数感念,助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填hasbeen。

18.caused【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweatherevents

cause是逻辑动宾关系,应用过去分词,表被动。故填caused。

19.resulting【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:20()0年至2019年,全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起,造

成经济损失2.97万亿美元。7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld4result是逻辑主谓关系,且表

示一-种自然的结果,应用现在分词,作结果状语。故填resulting。

20.ioinvest【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:研究结果表明,急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知,此处

表示未来的动作,应用不定式,作后置定语。故填loinvest。

第二部分阅读理解(共两节,38分)

第一节(共14小题;每小题2分,共28分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上

将该项涂黑。

A

(2020•北京•高考真题)Lancomisaworldwidelanguagelearningappandaleaderintheonlinelanguage

learningindustrywithmillionsofactivesubscribers.Wehouseabroadrangeofexpertsunitedbythecommongoal

ofcreatingthebestlanguagelearningtoolspossible.WithadvicefromAIspecialists,artdesignersandculture

researchers,ourmulti-languageexpertsendowLancomwithanenormouspotentialforinnovationwithintheworld

oflanguageleaning.Ourcourses,totalling20,000hoursofcontentin20differentlanguages,guaranteeyou

languageskillsyoucanuserightaway.

AtthecoreofLancomisaworld-classeffectivemethodthatenhanceslanguageleaningwithadvanced

technology.

Examplesanddialoguesarerecordedwithrealnativespeakersinsteadofautomaticcomputers.Lancomtrains

yourbraintolearnefficiently,soyouabsorbmoreinformationwhileintheappandcontinueleaningoutsideofit.

Theappmakesourpracticallanguagelessonsavailablewhereverandwhenever.Weworkdirectlyforourleaners,

notforanythirdparty.Andit'sallsupportedbyanefficientcustomerserviceteam,availablethroughtelephone,

emailandonlinechat.

Millionsoflearnershavetheirownstoriesandtheirownreasonsforlearninganewlanguage.Lancomcares

aboutyouandaddressesyourindividuallearningtype.Lancomistheonlyproducttooffercoursestailoredtoyour

nativelanguage,buildingongrammarandwordsyoualreadyknow.Ourcontentisaboutreal-lifetopicsthatare

relevantbecauseweknowwhatmatterstoyouiswhatsticksbest.Youwill,finditveryrewardingtolearnwith

Lancom.

ChooseYourSubscriptionandGetStarted

1month3months6months12months

$12.95/m$8.95/m$7.45/m$6.95/m

Buywithconfidence:21-daymoneybackguarantee!Ifyouaren'tsatisfied,justwritetoCustomerService

within21days.Contact&Support:customerservice@

21.WhocanprovideLancomwithahugepotentialforinnovationinlearning?

A.Cultureresearchers.B.AIspecialists.C.Languageexperts.D.Artdesigners.

22.WhatliesatthecoreoftheLancomapp?

A.Aflexiblesystem.B.Aneffectivemethod.

C.Thebrain-trainingtechnique.D.Theinformativecontent.

23.Lancomclaimsthatitisuniqueinits.

A.personalisedcoursesB.multiplelanguages

C.pricingpolicyD.serviceteam

【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一个名为Lancom的全球性语言学习应用程序,介绍了其特色、

价格以及联系方式等信息。

21.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“WithadvicefromAIspecialists,artdesignersandcultureresearchers,

ourmulti-languageexpertsendowLancomwithanenormouspotentialforinnovationwithintheworldof

languageleaning.”可知,在人工智能专家、艺术设计师和文化研究者的建议下,我们的多语言专家为

Lancom在语言学习领域提供了巨大的创新潜力。由此可知,语言专家为Lancom提供学习创新的巨大

潜力。故选C。

22.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“AtthecoreofLancomisaworld-classeffectivemethodthatenhances

languageleaningwithadvancedtechnology.”可知,Lancom的核心是一种世界级的有效方法,利用先进的

技术来增强语言学习。由此可知,Lancom应用程序的核心是有效的方法。故选B。

23.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Lancomistheonlyproducttooffercoursestailoredtoyournative

language,buildingongrammarandwordsyoualreadyknow.”可知,Lancom是唯----款为您的母语量身定

制课程的产品,以您已经掌握的语法和单词为基础,由此可知,Lancom声称它的个性化课程是独一无

二的。故选A。

B

(2022・北京•高考真题)MynameisAlice.Earlylastyear,Iwastroubledbyananxietythatcrippled(削弱)

myabilitytodoanything.Ifeltlikeastormcloudhungoverme.ForalmostayearIstruggledon,constantly

staringatthiswallthatfacedme.Myperfectionisttendencieswerethemainrootofthis:Iwantedtobeperfectat

whateverIdid,whichobviouslyinlifeisnotpossible,butitconsumedme.

Oneday,IattendedapresentationbywildlifeconservationistGrantBrownatmyhighschool.His

presentationnotonlyawedandinspiredme,butalsohelpedemergeaninnerdesiretomakeadifferenceinthe

world.Ijoinedapre-presentationdinnerwithhimandthatsmallersettingallowedmetoslowlybuildupmy

couragetospeakone-on-onewithhim——anideathathadseemedcompletelyimpossible.Thisfirstcontactwas

wheremystorybegan.

Amonthlater,BrowninvitedmetoattendtheWorldYouthWildlifeConference.Lookingback,Inowseethat

thiswouldbethefirstinaseriesoftimelyopportunitiesthatmyoldselfwouldhaveletpass,butthatthisnewand

moreconfidentAliceenthusiasticallyseized.ShortlyafterIreceivedhisinvitation,applicationstojointheYouth

forNatureandtheYouthforPlanetgroupsweresentaroundthroughmyhighschool.Idecidedtocommitto

completingtheapplications,andsoonIwasapartofagrowingglobalteamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotect

nature.Eachofthesenewstepscontinuedtogrowmyconfidence.

IamwritingthisjustsixmonthssincemyjourneybeganandI'verealisedthatmybiggestobstacle(障碍)

thiswholetimewasmyself.Itwasthatvoiceinthebackofmyheadtellingmethatonephrasethathasstoppedso

manypeoplefromreachingtheirpotential:Ican't.Theysaygoodthingscometothosewhowait;Isay:grabevery

opportunitywitheverythingyouhaveandbeimpatient.Afterall,naturedoesnotrequireourpatience,butour

action.

24.WhatwasthemaincausefbrAlice'sanxiety?

A.Herinabilitytoactherage.B.Herhabitofconsumption.

C.Herdesiretobeperfect.D.Herlackofinspiration.

25.HowdidGrantBrown?spresentationinfluenceAlice?

A.Shedecidedtodosomethingfornature.B.Shetastedthesweetnessoffriendship.

C.Shelearnedabouttheharmofdesire.D.Shebuiltuphercouragetospeakup.

26.TheactivitiesAlicejoinedinhelpedhertobecomemore.

A.intelligentB.confidentC.innovativeD.critical

27.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.Practicemakesperfect.B.Patienceisacureofanxiety.

C.Actionisworry'sworstenemy.D.Everythingcomestothosewhowait.

【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。

24.C【解析】细节理解题。由文章第一段“Myperfectionisttendencieswerethemainrootofthis:Iwantedtobe

perfectatwhateverIdid,whichobviouslyinlifeisnotpossible,butitconsumedme.(我的完美主义倾向是

这一点的主要根源:无论我做什么,我都想做到完美,这在生活中显然是不可能的,但它消耗了我。y

可知,是要求完美导致了焦虑。故选c。

25.A【解析】细节理解题。由文章第:段“Oneday,IattendedapresentationbywildlifeconservationistGrant

Brownatmyhighschool.Hispresentationnotonlyawedandinspiredme,butalsohelpedemergeaninner

desiretomakeadifferenceintheworld.(一天,我在高中参加了野生动物保护主义者GrantBrown的演讲。

他的演讲不仅让我感到敬畏和鼓舞,还帮助我产生了一种内在的愿望,希望在世界上有所作为。户和文

章第三段“ShortlyafterIreceivedhisinvitation,applicationstojointheYouthforNatureandtheYouthfor

Planetgroupsweresentaroundthroughmyhighschool.Idecidedtocommittocompletingtheapplications,

andsoonIwasapartofagrowingglobalteamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.(在我收至U他的邀

请后不久,我的高中就收到了力口入“YouthforNature”和“YouthforPlane”组织的申请。我决定致力于完成

这些申请,很快我就成为了一个日益壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。)”可知,是GrantBrown

让作者开始为从事保护自然地活动中。故选A。

26.B【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三段“Idecidedtocommittocompletingtheapplications,andsoonIwasa

partofagrowingglobalteamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.Eachofthesenewstepscontinuedto

growmyconfidence.(我决定完成申请,很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。

每一步都让我更加自信。户可知,Alice加入这些活动让她变得更自信了。故选Be

27.C【解析】推理判断题。由第一段“Earlylastyear,Iwastroubledbyananxietythatcrippled(削弱)my

abilitytodoanything.Ifeltlikeastormcloudhungoverme.”(去年年初,我被一种焦虑困扰,它削弱了我

做任何事情的能力。)由文章第三段"Idecidedtocommittocompletingtheapplications,andsoonIwasa

partofagrowingglobalteamofyoungpeopleworkingtoprotectnature.Eachofthesenewstepscontinuedto

growmyconfidence.(我决定完成申请,很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。

每一步都让我更加自信。)可知,文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。所以

从文章中我们能学到行动是忧虑最大的敌人。故选Co

C

(2021匕京•高考真题)Hundredsofscientists,writersandacademicssoundedawarningtohumanityinan

openletterpublishedlastDecember:Policymakersandtherestofusmustengageopenlywiththeriskofglobal

collapse.Researchersinmanyareashaveprojectedthewidespreadcollapseas"acrediblescenario(情景)this

century”.

Asurveyofscientistsfoundthatextremeweatherevents,foodinsecurity,andfreshwatershortagesmight

createglobalcollapse.Ofcourse,ifyouareanon-humanspecies,collapseiswellunderway.

Thecallforpublicengagementwiththeunthinkableisespeciallygermaneinthismomentofstill-uncontrolled

pandemicandeconomiccrisesintheworld'smosttechnologicallyadvancednations.Notverylongago,itwasalso

unthinkablethataviruswouldshutdownnationsandthatsafetynetswouldbeprovensodisastrouslylackingin

flexibility.

Theinternationalscholars'warningletterdoesn'tsayexactlywhatcollapsewilllooklikeorwhenitmight

happen.Coilapseology,thestudyofcollapse,ismoreconcernedwithidentifyingtrendsandwiththemthedangers

ofeverydaycivilization.Amongthesignatories(签署者)ofthewarningwasBobJohnson,theoriginatorofthe

^ecologicalfbotprinf,concept,whichmeasuresthetotalamountofenvironmentalinputneededtomaintainagiven

lifestyle.Withthecurrentfootprintofhumanity,utitseemsthatglobalcollapseiscertaintohappeninsomeform,

possiblywithinadecade,certainlywithinthiscentury,Johnsonsaidinanemail.

“Onlyifwediscusstheconsequencesofourbiophysicallimits,theDecemberwarninglettersays,“canwe

havethehopetoreducetheirspeed,severityandharm”.Andyetmessengersofthecomingdisturbancearelikelyto

beignored.Weallwanttohopethingswillturnoutfine.Asapoetwrote,

Manisavictimofdope(麻醉品)

Intheincurableformofhope.

Thehundredsofscholarswhosignedtheletterareintent(执着)onquietinghopethatignorespreparedness.

“Let'slookdirectlyintotheissueofcollapse,theysay,“anddealwiththeterriblepossibilitiesofwhatwesee

theretomakethebestofatroublingfuture.^^

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“germane“inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Scientific.B.Credible.

C.Original.D.Relevant.

29.Asforthepublicawarenessofglobalcollapse,theauthoris.

A.worriedB.puzzled

C.surprisedD.scared

30.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.Thesignatoriesmaychangethebiophysicallimits.

B.Theauthoragreeswiththemessageofthepoem.

C.Theissueofcollapseisbeingprioritized.

D.Theglobalcollapseiswellunderway.

【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文,文章阐述了全球崩塌(globalcollapse)的概念。数百名科学家、作家和学

者在去年12月发表的一封公开信中向全人类发出了警告:政策制定者和我们每个人必须直面“全球崩塌'’的

风险。文章具体阐释了学者们对这一概念的定义、理解和它的现实意义。

28.D【解析】词义猜测题。根据该词所在的具体语境,第三段第-一句“Thecallforpublicengagementwiththe

unthinkableisespeciallygermaneinthismomentofstill-uncontrolledpandemicandeconomiccrisesinthe

world'smosttechnologicallyadvancednations.''(呼吁公众对世界不确定性的关注,尤其与此时此刻的情

况密切相关:此时此刻,在世界上技术最先进的国家,仍处于无法控制流行病和经济危机的泥潭中),

下文也提到,一场病毒肆虐,一个国家社会停止了运转,大流行无法控制,经济下行,这样的事情在

不久之前都是无法想象,不可思议(unthinkable)的,即世界充满了不确定性。而此时此刻呼吁人们对

这种unthinkable加以关注,正是和此时此刻的世界实况密切相关。A.Scientific科学的;B.Credible可

信的,可靠的;C.Original原来的,原创的;D.Relevant相关的,有重大关系的。根据上面的分析,仅

有D符合语境,故选D。

29.A【解析】推理判断题。本题要求判断作者的情感态度,根据原文第五段“yetmessengersofthecoming

disturbancearelikelytobeignored.Weallwanttohopethingswillturnoutfine.**(然而未来崩溃的先行信

号很可能被忽略,我们都希望事情在未来会变好)和倒数最后一段的呼吁,例如“Lefslookdirectlyinto

theissueofcollapse,theysay,“anddealwiththeterriblepossibilitiesofwhatweseetheretomakethebest

ofatroublingfuture."(他们说,“让我们直面全球崩塌的议题,真正去解决我们看到的可能的糟糕情况,

以便使未来没那么糟。可知,作者认为公众对“全球崩塌'’的重视意识不够,比较担心,A.wonied

担忧的;B.puzzled困惑的,茫然的;C.surprised惊讶的;D.scared害怕的,综合以上的分析,可见作

者对此是“担忧的”,故选A。

30.B[解析]推理判断题。原文诗歌isavictimofdope;Intheincurableformofhope."(人类是麻醉品

的受害者;沉迷于无可救药的幻想中)表达的是,人类无视未来全球崩塌的巨大危险,把头埋进沙子

里,假装不知道,充满不切实际的幻想和希望。而诗歌前面的段落就提到“yetmessengersofthecoming

disturbancearelikelytobeignored.Weallwanttohopethingswillturnoutfine."(然而未来崩溃的先行信

号很可能被忽略,我们都希望事情在未来会变好),结合上下文,这里指的是人们都幻想着未来就会变

好。诗歌之后的最后一段则提到执着于“quietinghopethatignorespreparedness.^^(掐灭不做准备的空有

幻想),接着又借学者之口,提至『'Let'slookdirectlyintotheissueofcollapse,theysay,"anddealwiththe

ten-iblepossibilitiesofwhatweseetheretomakethebestofatroublingfuture.”(他们说,“让我们直面全球

崩塌的议题,真正去解决我们看到的可能的糟糕情况,以便使未来没那么糟。可见,上下文一脉相

承,表达相同的一方观点,未对另一方的观点有任何呈现,理解文章后可知,作者有明显的态度倾向,

作者对于这首诗表达的信息是赞同的,故选B。

D

(2021•北京•高考真题)Earlyfifth-centuryphilosopherSt.Augustinefamouslywrotethatheknewwhattime

wasunlesssomeoneaskedhim.AlbertEinsteinaddedanotherwrinklewhenhetheorizedthattimevaries

dependingonwhereyoumeasureit.Today'sstate-of-the-artatomic(原子的)clockshaveprovenEinstein

right.Evenadvancedphysicscan'tdecisivelytelluswhattimeis,becausetheanswerdependsonthequestion

you'reasking.

Forgetabouttimeasanabsolute.Whatif,insteadofconsideringtimeintermsofastronomy,werelatedtimeto

ecology?Whatifweallowedenvironmentalconditionstosetthetempo(节奏)ofhumanlife?We'reincreasingly

awareofthefactthatwecan'tcontrolEarthsystemswithengineeringalone,andrealizingthatweneedtomoderate

(调节)ouractionsifwehopetoliveinbalance.Whatifourdefinitionoftimereflectedthat?

Recently,Iconceptualizedanewapproachtotimekeepingthat'sconnectedtocircumstancesonourplanet,

conditionsthatmightchangeasaresultofglobalwarming.We'renowbuildingaclockattheAnchorageMuseum

thatreflectsthetotalflowofseveralmajorAlaskanrivers,whicharesensitivetolocalandglobalenvironmental

changes.We'veprogrammedittomatchanatomicclockifthewaterwayscontinuetoflowattheirpresentrate.If

theriversrunfasterinthefutureonaverage,theclockwillgetaheadofstandardtime.Iftheyrunslower,you'llsee

theoppositeeffect.

Theclockregistersbothshort-termirregularitiesandlong-termtrendsinriverdynamics.It*sasortof

observatorythatrevealshowtheriversarebehavingfromtheirowntemporalframe(时间框架),andallowsusto

witnessthosechangesonoursmartwatchesorphones.AnyonewhooptstogoonAlaskaMeanRiverTimewill

liveinharmonywiththeplanet.Anyonewhoconsidersrivertimeinrelationtoatomictimewillencounteramajor

imbalanceandmaybemotivatedtocounteractitbyconsuminglessfuelorsupportinggreenerpolicies.

Evenifthismethodoftimekeepingisnovelinitsparticulars,earlyagriculturalsocietiesalsoconnectedtime

tonaturalphenomena.Inpre-ClassicalGreece,forinstance,people"corrected^officialcalendarsbyshiftingdates

forwardorbackwardtoreflectthechangeofseason.Temporalconnectiontotheenvironmentwasvitaltotheir

survival.Likewise,rivertimeandothertimekeepingsystemswe'redevelopingmayencourageenvironmental

awareness.

WhenSt.Augustineadmittedhisinabilitytodefinetime,hehighlightedoneoftime'smostnoticeable

qualities:Timebecomesmeaningfulonlyinadefinedcontext.Anytimekeepingsystemisvalid,andeachisas

praiseworthyasitspurpose.

31.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1?

A.Timekeepingisincreasinglyrelatedtonature.

B.Everyonecandefinetimeontheirownterms.

C.Thequalitiesoftimevarywithhowyoumeasureit.

D.Timeisamajorconcernofphilosophersandscientists.

32.TheauthorraisesthreequestionsinParagraph2mainlyto・

A.presentanassumptionB.evaluateanargument

C.highlightanexperimentD.introduceanapproach

33.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.Thosewhodonotgoonrivertimewillliveanimbalancedlife.

B.NewwaysofmeasuringtimecanhelptocontrolEarthsystems.

C.Atomictimewillgetaheadofrivertimeiftheriversrunslower.

D.Modemtechnologymayhelptoshapetherivers5temporalframe.

34.Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?

A.Itiscrucialtoimprovethedefinitionoftime.

B.Afixedframewillmaketimemeaningless.

C.Weshouldliveinharmonywithnature.

D.Historyisamirrorreflectingreality.

【语篇解读】本文是议论文。文章通过讨论时间的定义,讲述「人们应该和大自然和谐相处,保护环境。

31,B[解析]主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句"Evenadvancedphysicscan*tdecisivelytelluswhattimeis,

becausetheanswerdependsonthequestionyou'reasking.(即使是先进的物理

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