专题阅读理解之任务型十高考英语真题分项详解

十年（2010~2020）高考英语真题分项详阅读理解·任务型阅1.十年（2010~2020）高考英语真题分项详阅读理解·任务型阅1.（2020年，江苏卷Ifyouseehumorasanoptionalformofentertainment,you’remissingsomeofbiggestbenefits:Humormakesaverage-lookingpeoplelookcuteanduninterestingseementertaining.StudiesshowthatagoodsenseofhumorevenmakesyouseemBestofall,humorraisesyourenergy,andthatcanhaveaneffectoneverythingyoudoschool,atwork,orinyourpersonallife.Theincreaseofenergywillevenmakeyouwillingtoexercise,andthatwillraiseyouroverallenergyevenHumoralsotransportsyourmindawayfromyourdailytroubles.HumorletsyouunderstandlifeandsometimeshelpsyoulaughateventheworstofyourInmyexperience,mostpeoplethinktheyhaveasenseofhumor,andtosomethat’strue.Butnotallsensesofhumorarecreatedequal.SoIthoughtitwouldbeusefulincludesomehumortipsforeverydayYoudon’thavetobethejoketellerinthegroupinordertoshowyoursenseofYoucanbetheonewhodirectstheconversationtofuntopicsthatareripeforotherstohumor.Everypartyneedsastraightperson.You’llappearfunandfunnybyWhenitcomestoin-personhumor,effortcountsalot.Whenpeopleseeyoutryingtofunny,itfreesthemtotryitthemselves.Soevenifyourowneffortsathumorfallshort,mightbefreeingthelongkepthumorinothers.Peopleneedpermissiontobefunnyinsettingsbecausethere’salwaysariskthatcomeswithhumor.Forin-personhumor,1isn’tasimportantasyoumightthink.Yourattitudeandeffortisn’tasimportantasyoumightthink.YourattitudeandeffortcountaSomepeople--andIwasoneofthem--believethathumorouscomplaintsabouttheproblemsoflifemakehumor,andsometimesthatisthecase.Theproblemcomeswhenstartdoingtoomuchcomplaint-basedhumor.Onefunnyobservationaboutprobleminlifecanbefunny,butfiveisjustcomplaining,nomatterhowsmartyouthinkyouare.complaintscanwearpeopleSelf-deprecating(自嘲式humorisusuallythesafesttype,buthereagainyoudon’ttoovershootthetarget.Oneself-deprecatingcommentisagenerousandevenconfidentofhumor.Youhavetobeatleastabitself-assuredtolaughatyourselfinfrontofothers.ifyoudoittoooften,youcantransformintheeyesofothersfromaconfidentjokerto2BenefitsofHumorisformof1..Humorcanimproveone’s2.andHumorcanmakeone3.inhiswork,study,andHumorhasapositive4.effectwhenwearein5.to6.othersforaconversationoffunisasgoodastellingajokeyourselfwhenshowingyoursenseofhumor.Qualitycounts7.thanattitudeandeffort-evenstupidjokecan8.othersofriskandembarrassment.TrapstoOnehumorouscomplaintmakesfunnyperson.Buttoomanycomplaintswill10.youraudience.Self-deprecatingcommentsshowone’sassurance.But【答案【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章【答案【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了幽默的好处，讲遵循的技巧以及所要避开youseehumorasanoptionalformof(makesaverage-lookingpeoplelookcuteuninterestingpeopleseementertaining.3.词性转换题。根据文章第二段“Bestofall,humorraisesyourenergy,andthatcanhaveeffectoneverythingyoudoatschool,atwork,orinyourpersonallife.3muchdeprecationwillmakeaChihuahuaalsotransportsyourmindawayfromyour.(alsotransportsyourmindawayfromyour.(5.原词再现题。根据文章第四段“SoIthoughtitwouldbeusefultoincludesomehumorcanbetheonewhodirectstheconversationto主语，所以用动名词作主语。故填Preparing7.语意转化题。根据文章第六段“Whenitcomestoin-personhumor,effortcountsalot.8.原词再现题。根据文章第六段“Soevenifyourowneffortsathumorfallshort,you10.语意转化题。根据文章倒数第二段”Onefunnyobservationaboutaprobleminyourcanbefunny,butfiveisjustcomplaining,nomatterhowsmartyouthinkyouare.(42.（2019年，江苏卷TheCostofDespitetheir2.（2019年，江苏卷TheCostofDespitetheirmanydifferences,allhumanbeingsshareseveraldefiningsuchaslargebrainsandtheabilitytowalkuprightontwoThefirstuniquehumancharacteristicisthathumanshaveextraordinarilylargecomparedwithotheranimals.ItseemsobviousthatevolutionshouldselectforlargerMammals(哺乳动物weighingsixtykilogramshaveanaveragebrainsizeof200cm2manhasabrainaveraging1200-1400cm2.Wearesofondofourhighthatweassumethatwhenitcomestobrainpower,moremustbebetter.Unfortunately,thatnottheThefactisthatahugebrainisahugedrain—consumptionofenergy—onthebody.noteasytocarryaround,especiallywhenboxedinsideamassiveskull(倾骨It’seventoprovideenergy.Inmodernman,thebrainaccountsforabout2-3%oftotalbodybutitconsumes25%ofthebody’senergywhenthebodyisatrest.Bycomparison,theofapes(类人猿requireonly8%ofrest-timeenergy.Earlyhumanspaidfortheirlargeintwoways.Firstly,theyspentmoretimeinsearchoffood.Secondly,theirmusclessmallerandweaker.It’shardlyanobviousconclusionthatthisisagoodwaytosurvive.chimpanzee(黑猩猩can’twinanargumentwithamodernman,butitcantearthemanlikearagAnotheruniquehumancharacteristicisthatwewalkupright.Standingup,it’seasierfindfoodorenemies.Inaddition,theirarmsthatareunnecessaryformovingaroundareforotherpurposes,likethrowingstonesorsignaling.Asaresult,humanscanperform5complextaskswiththeirYetwalkinguprighthasitsdisadvantage.ThecomplextaskswiththeirYetwalkinguprighthasitsdisadvantage.Thebonestructureofourancestorsformillionsofyearstosupportacreaturethatwalkedonallfoursandhasarelativelyhead.Adjustingtoanuprightpositionwasquiteachallenge,especiallywhentheboneshadsupportanextra-largeskull.HumankindpaidforitsbroadvisionandskillfulbackachesandpainfulWeassumethatalargebrainmakeshugeadvantages.Itseemsobviousthatthesemadehumankindthemostpowerfulanimalonearth.Buthumansenjoyedallofadvantagesforafull2millionyearsduringwhichtheyremainedweakandmarginalThushumanswholivedamillionyearsago,despitetheirbigbrainsandsharpstonelivedinconstantfearofmeat-eating6TheCostofLargebrainsfortheirbodiesandtheabilitytowalkuprightaretwo11.ofhumanbeings.The12.oflargehumanThelargerbrainsmaynotbebetterbecauseoftheThebigbrainsmakeitharderforthebodytomovearoundandconsumemoreenergy.Theanimalbrainrequiresless13.whenthebodyisatLargehumanbrainsconsumemorefood,andweaken Walkinguprightmakesiteasytofindfoodor15.againstFreedhandscanservesome16.purposesandperformcomplex【答案【解析】这是一篇【答案【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明人用大脑思考的代价。人类与动物相比有两7Walkinguprightchallengesthehumanbonestructure,and thesizeofbrains.Walkinguprightresultsin18.Withalargebrain,humanbeings19.otherbeingsintermsofWeakandmarginal,humanbeingsremained20.ofmeat-eatingaslargebrainsandtheabilitytowalkuprightontwolegs.aslargebrainsandtheabilitytowalkuprightontwolegs.。故填13.考查信息来源。根据第三段中的Thefactisthatahugebrainisadrain—consumptionofenergy—onthebody.It’snoteasytocarryaround,especiallyboxedinsideamassiveskull(倾骨).It’sevenhardertoprovideenergy.Inmodernman,brainaccountsforabout2-3%oftotalbodyweight,butitconsumes25%oftheuniquehumancharacteristicisthatwalkupright.Standingupit’seasiertofindfoodorenemies.or为连词，在此句中连结两个动词短语，故空格填动词。“guardagainst...”theirarmsthatareunnecessaryformovingaroundfreedforotherpurposes,likethrowingstonesorsignaling.Asaresult,humanscanofourancestorsdevelopedformillionsofyearstosupportacreaturethatwalkedonallandhasarelativelysmallhead.Adjustingtoanuprightpositionwasquiteaespeciallywhentheboneshadtosupportanextra-largeskull.8们祖先进化了上百亿年，⻣骼也只能支撑四肢行走和有一个相对较小的头。直立行走们祖先进化了上百亿年，⻣骼也只能支撑四肢行走和有一个相对较小的头。直立行走HumankindpaidforitsbroadvisionandskillfulWeassumethatalargebrainmakeshugeadvantages.seemsobviousthatthesehavemadehumankindthemostpowerfulanimalonearth.Buthumansenjoyedalloftheseadvantagesforafullmillionyearsduringwhichtheyremainedweakandmarginalcreatures.Thushumanslivedamillionyearsago,despitetheirbigbrainsandsharpstonetools,livedinconstantofmeat-3.（2018年，江苏卷HowArtsPromoteOurWhenmostpeoplethinkofthearts,theyimaginetheendproduct,thebeautifulawonderfulpieceofmusic,oranaward-winningperformanceinthetheater.Butartsbringbroadervaluetoourcommunities.Theeconomicimpactoftheartsisoftenandbadly9Theartscreatejobsthathelpdeveloptheeconomy.AnygivenperformancetakesabusfullofTheartscreatejobsthathelpdeveloptheeconomy.Anygivenperformancetakesabusfullofartists,technicalexperts,managers,musicians,orwriterstocreateanpieceofart.ThesepeopleearnalivingwagefortheirprofessionalknowledgeandAnothergroupoffolksisneededtohelpmarkettheevent.“Ifyoubuildittheycome”isamisleadingbelief.Painters,digitalmediaexperts,photographers,bookingandpromotersarehiredtosellticketsandpromotetheevent.AccordingtotheDallasCulturalAdvocacyCoalition,artsagenciesemploymorethan10,000peopleasfull-part-timeemployeesorindependentAsuccessfulartsneighborhoodcreatesarippleeffect（连锁反应）throughoutcommunity.In2005,whentheBishopArtsTheatrewasdonatedtoourtown,thelocationconsideredapoorareaoftown.Afterinvestingmorethan$1millioninreconstructingbuilding,webeganproducingafullseasonoftheaterperformances,jazzconcerts,year-roundartseducationprogramsin2008.Nearly40percentofjazzloversliveoutsidetheDallascitylimitsanddriveorflyintoenjoyaneveningintheBishopArtsNodoubtthetheaterhascontributedtothearea’sdevelopmentandeconomicToday,therearegalleries,studios,restaurantsandnewlybuiltworkspaceswhereshareexperiences,wherethereisrenewedlifeandenergy.Inthisway,artsandcultureserveasapublicTeCoTheatricalProductionsInc.madeuseofBloomberg’sinvestmentof$35,000tonearly$400,000inpublicandprivatesectorsupportduringthetwo-yearperiod.Dallasartsandarts-basedbusinessesproduce$298foreverydollarthecityspendsonprogrammingandfacilities.InPhiladelphia,ametroareasmallerthanDallas,theartshaveeconomicimpactofalmost$3millionandsupport44,000jobs,80percentofwhichlieoutsidetheartsindustry,includingaccountants,marketers,constructionworkers,managers,printers,andotherkindsofartTheartsareefficienteconomicdriversandwhentheyaresupported,theItiswrongtoassumeartsgroupsItiswrongtoassumeartsgroupscannotmakeaprofit.Butinordertostayinartsgroupsmustproducereturns.Ifyouareastudentstudyingthearts,chancesareyoubeenill-advisedtohaveaplanB.Butthosewhotrulyunderstandtheeconomicimpactcanworktochangethepatternscancreateawiderangeofcareer economicdriverOur 21.fromartsintermsof22.ofarts’promotingourArtsactivitydemandsa(n)23.effort.Itinvolvescreation,performance,and24..★Artistsmakealivingthroughtheircreative★OthersgetpaidbymarketingtheArtshaveagraduallyspreading25..Theycouldhelppromoteotherindustrieswhethertheylieinsideoroutsidearts.★Besidestickets,somejazzloverswillpaytheir26.toandfromthe★Artscontributetoculturaldevelopmentwhenpeoplegathertogethertosharetheirexperienceandrenewtheirenergy.Investmentinartscouldproducepotential27.economic★TeCouseda$35,000artinvestmenttoattractanoverallsupport★InDallas,onedollarinvestedinartscouldharvestandextraordinaryreturnofnearly$300.★InPhiladelphiatheartshavecreatedabout35,000jobopportunitiesforworkers28.artsindustry.【答案【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主【答案【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述艺术是如何促进我们的经济发展术团体给我们的社区带来了更大的价值。)，所填词的主语为OurcommunitiesArtstudentsmakingagoodWiththese29.inmind,artstudentsneednotworryabouttheircareerandhavea(n)30.plan.24.Painters,digitalmediaexperts,photographers,agentsandpromotersarehiredtosellticketsandpromote24.Painters,digitalmediaexperts,photographers,agentsandpromotersarehiredtosellticketsandpromotethemote26.Nearly40percentofjazzloversliveoutsideoftheDallaslimitsanddriveorflyintoenjoyaneveningintheBishopArtsDistrict.support44,000jobs,80percentofwhichactuallylieoutsidetheartsindustry,accountants,marketers,constructionworkers,hotelmanagers,printers,andotherkindsofandsupport44,000jobs,80percentofwhichactuallylieoutsidetheartsindustry,accountants,marketers,constructionworkers,hotelmanagers,printers,andotherkindsof30.Butthosewhotrulyunderstandtheeconomicandcanworktochangethepatternscancreateawiderangeof4.（2017年，江苏卷PopulationWhyistheworld’spopulationgrowing?TheanswerisnotPopulationWhyistheworld’spopulationgrowing?Theanswerisnotwhatyoumightthink.reasonfortheexplosionisnotthatpeoplehavebeenreproducinglikerabbits,butthathavestoppeddroppingdeadlikeflies.In1900,peoplediedattheaverageageof30.Bytheaverageagewas65.Butwhileincreasinghealthwasatypicalfeatureofthe20thdecliningbirthratecouldbeadefiningoneoftheStatisticsshowthattheaveragenumberofbirthsperwomanhasfallenfrom4.9inearly1960sto2.5nowadays.Furthermore,around50%oftheworld’spopulationliveregionswherethefigureisnowbelowthereplacementlevel(i.e.2.1birthsperwoman)almostalldevelopednationsareexperiencingsub-replacementbirthrate.Youmightthatdevelopingnationswouldmakeuptheloss(especiallysince80%oftheworld’snowliveinsuchnations),butyou’dbewrong.Decliningbirthrateisamajorproblemmanydevelopingregionstoo,whichmightcausecatastrophicglobalshortagesofworkwithinafewAgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina,forinstance.Whatitimply?First,Chinaneedstoundergorapideconomicdevelopmentbeforeadeclinehitsthecountry.Second,ifotherfactorssuchastechnologyremaineconomicgrowthandmaterialexpectationswillfallwellbelowrecentstandardsandcouldinviteRussiaisanothercountrywithpopulationproblemsthatcouldbreakitspromise.Since1992thenumberofpeopledyinghasbeenbiggerthanthatofthosebornbyamassive50%.Indeedofficialfiguressuggestthecountryhasshrunkby5%1993andpeopleinRussialiveashorterlifenowthanthosein1961.WhyisthisNobodyisquitesure,butpoordietandabovealllong-timealcoholismhavemuchtodoit.Ifcurrenttrendsdon’tbend,Russia’spopulationwillbeaboutthesizeofYemen’sbyyearInthenorthofIndia,thepopulationyearInthenorthofIndia,thepopulationisboomingduetohighbirthrates,butinthewheremosteconomicdevelopmentistakingplace,birthrateisfallingrapidly.Inatwist,birthrateishighestinpoorlyeducatedruralareasandlowestinhighlyeducatedareas.Intotal,25%ofIndia’sworking-agepopulationhasnoeducation.In2030,asixththecountry’spotentialworkforcecouldbetotallyOnesolutionisobviouslytoimportforeignworkersviaimmigration.AsfortheUSA,isalmostuniqueamongdevelopednationsinhavingapopulationthatisexpectedtogrow20%from2010—2030.Moreover,theUSAhasatrackrecordofsuccessfullyimmigrants.Asaresultit’slikelytoseeariseinthesizeofitsworking-agepopulationandwitnessstrongeconomicgrowthoverthelonger 【答案】【解析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了世界 【答案】【解析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了世界人口的变化对经济的影响，以及如何正确处71.lower根据第一段最后一句“Butwhileincreasinghealthwasatypicalfeatureofthecentury,decliningbirthratecouldbeadefiningoneofthe21st.”2172.size/scale根据第二段第二句“Furthermore,around50%oftheworld’spopulationliveregionswherethefigureisnowbelowthereplacementlevel(i.e.2.1birthsper73.根据第二段最后一句birthrateisamajorproblemindevelopingregionstoo,whichmightcausecatastrophicglobalshortagesofworkforce74.economy根据第三段第二句“First,Chinaneedstoundergorapideconomic75.old/older根据第三段第一句“Agreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccur,（old/older76.earlier根据第四段第三句中“Indeedofficialfiguressuggestthecountryhasshrunkbysince1993andpeopleinRussialiveashorterlifenowthanthosein1961.”77.living/life根据第四段倒数第二句中“...butpoordietanabove77.living/life根据第四段倒数第二句中“...butpoordietanabovealllong-time78.equality根据第五段最后三句“Inafurthertwist,birthrateishighestinpoorlyruralareasanlowestinhighlyeducatedurbanareas.Intotal,25%ofIndia’sworking-populationhasnoeducation.In2030,asixthofthecountry’spotentialworkforcecould79.immigration根据第六段第一句“Onesolutionisobviouslytoimportforeignworkers80.compensate根据第六段第一句“Onesolutionisobviouslytoimportforeignworkersimmigration”和第三句“Moreover,theUSAhasatrackrecordofsuccessfully5.（2016年，江苏卷AnExtensionoftheHumanOtherpeoplecanhelpuscompensateforourmentalandemotionaldeficiencies欠缺asawoodenlegcancompensateforaphysicaldeficiency.Tobeexact,otherpeopleextendourintelligenceandhelpusunderstandandadjustouremotions.Whenanotherhelpsusinsuchways,heorsheisparticipatinginwhatI’vecalleda＂socialprosthetic(helpsusinsuchways,heorsheisparticipatinginwhatI’vecalleda＂socialprosthetic(肢的Suchsystemsdonotneedtooperateface-to-face,andit’scleartometheInternetisexpandingtherangeofmyownsocialprostheticsystems.It’salreadyabankofmanyminds.Eveninitscurrentstate,theInternethasextendedmymemoryRegardingmemory:OnceIlookupsomethingontheInternet,Idon’tneedtokeepthedetailsforfutureuse—Iknowwheretofindthatinformationagainandcanquicklyeasilydoso.Moregenerally,theInternetfunctionsasifitweremymemory.ThisfunctiontheInternetisparticularlystrikingwhenI’mwriting;I’mnolongercomfortablewritingI’mnotconnectedtotheInternet.It’sbecomenaturaltocheckfactsasIwrite,takingminuteortwotodipintoPubMed,Wikipedia,orotherRegardingjudgment:TheInternethasmademesmarterinmatterssmallandlarge.example,whenI’mwritingatextbook,ithasbecomesecondnaturetocheckadefinitionsofakeyterm,whichhelpsmedigintothecoreandunderstanditsmeaning.morethanthat,Inowregularlycomparemyviewswiththoseofmanyothers.IfIhave＂newidea,＂Inowquicklylooktoseewhethersomebodyelsehasalreadythoughtofit,somethingsimilar—andIthencomparewhatIthinkwithwhatothershavethought.certainlymakesmyownviewsclearer.Moreover,IcanfindoutwhethermyreactionstoeventarereasonableenoughbyreadingaboutthoseofothersontheTheseeffectsoftheInternethavebecomeevenmorestrikingsinceI’vebegunusingsmartphone.Inowregularlypulloutmyphonetocheckafact,watchavideo,readSuchactivitiesfillthespacesthatusedtobedeadtime(suchaswaitingforsomebodyarriveforalunchButthat’stheupside好处ThedownsideisthatinthosedeadperiodsIoftenwouldmythoughtsflowandsometimeswouldhaveanunexpectedinsightoridea.opportunitiesarenowfewerandfarther【答案AnExtensionofthe【答案AnExtensionoftheHumanAprostheticThe32.canhelpmakeupforourmentalandemotionaldeficienciesasawoodenlegcancompensateforabodilyIt33.inourdailyevents,extendingourintelligence,comprehendingourfeelings,andexpandingtherangeofsocial memoryandjudgmentOntheInternet,wecouldquicklyandeasilylocatethedetails,andcheckfacts,without34.theminmind.TheInternetmakesussmarterover35.kindsofthings.Itprovidesadozendefinitionsofakeytermforustofindthe36.oftheTheInternetenablesustoexchangeideaswithmanyothersto37.ourclaims,andto38.ouractions.Smartphonesmakeiteasierandmore40.tocheckreality,watchvideoclips,readweibo.Smartphones41.thepossibilityfornewandinsightfulminds,andstealawayourdeadtime.【解析Suchsystemsdonotneedtooperateface-to-【解析Suchsystemsdonotneedtooperateface-to-andit’scleartomethattheInternetisexpandingtherangeofmyownsocialsystems.33.participates/joinsIt’salreadyabigbankofminds.Eveninitscurrentstate,theInternethasextendedmymemoryandjudgment.34.keeping词形转换。根据第二段第一句＂OnceIlookupsomethingontheInternet,don’tneedtokeepallthedetails.....＂可知动词短语＂keep...inmindTheInternethasmademeinmatterssmalllarge.smalllarge同义句转换。根据第三段第二句 whichhelpsmedigintothecoreunderstandthecore/heartofthematter同义句转换。根据第三段第二句 whichhelpsmedigintothecoreunderstandthecore/heartofthematter＂和原文中＂digintothecoreInowquicklytoseewhethersomebodyelsehasalreadythoughtofit,orsomethingsimilar—andI归纳总结。根据第三段最后一句＂Moreover,IcanfindoutwhethermytoaneventarereasonableenoughbyreadingaboutthoseofothersontheInternet.Inowregularlypulloutmyphonetoafact,watchavideo,readweibo.Suchactivitiesfillthespacesthatusedtobedead(suchaswaitingforsomebodytoarriveforalunchmeeting).41.reduce句意转换。根据文章最后两句＂ThedownsideisthatinthosedeadperiodsoftenwouldletmythoughtsflowandsometimeswouldhaveanunexpectedinsightorThoseopportunitiesarenowfewerandfartherbetween.＂在过去那些＂deadperiods6.（2015年，江苏卷:Peopleselectnewsinexpectationofareward.Thisrewardmaybeeither:Peopleselectnewsinexpectationofareward.ThisrewardmaybeeitheroftwoOneisrelatedtowhatFreudcallsthePleasurePrinciple,theothertowhathecallsthePrinciple.Forwantofbetternames,weshallcallthesetwoclassesimmediaterewarddelayedIngeneral,thekindofnewswhichmaybeexpectedtogiveimmediaterewardareofcrimeandcorruption,accidentsanddisasters,sports,socialevents,andhumanDelayedrewardmaybeexpectedfromnewsofpublicaffairs,economicmatters,problems,science,education,andNewsofthefirstkindpaysitsrewardsatonce.Areadercanenjoyanindirectwithoutanyofthedangersorstressesinvolved.Hecantremblewildlyatanaxe-shakehisheadsympatheticallyandsafelyatahurricane,identifyhimselfwiththeteam,laughunderstandinglyatawarmlittlestoryofchildrenorNewsofthesecondkind,however,paysitsrewardslater.Itsometimesrequiresreadertotolerateunpleasantnessorannoyance—as,forexample,whenhereadsofthreateningforeignsituation,themountingnationaldebt,risingtaxes,fallingmarket,housing,andcancer.Ithasakindof“threatvalue.”Itisreadsothatthereadermayinformedandprepared.Whenareaderselectsdelayedrewardnews,hepullshimselfintoworldofsurroundingrealitytowhichhecanadapthimselfonlybyhardwork.Whenselectsnewsoftheotherkind,heusuallywithdrawsfromtheworldofthreateningtowardthedreamForanyindividual,ofcourse,theboundariesofthesetwoclassesarenotstable.example,asociologistmayreadnewsofcrimeasasocialproblem,ratherthanforimmediatereward.Acoachmayreadasportsstoryforitsthreatvalue:hemayhavetothatteamnextweek.Apoliticianmayreadanaccountofhislatestsuccessfulpublicnotforitsdelayedreward,butverymuchashiswifereadsanaccountofaparty.Inanystoryofcorruptionordisaster,athoughtfulreadermayreceivenotonlytheimmediateofindirectexperience,butalsothedelayedofindirectexperience,butalsothedelayedrewardofinformationandTherefore,whilethedivisionofcategoriesholdsingeneral,anindividual’stendencytransferanystoryfromonekindofreadingtoanother,ordividetheexperiencebetweentwokindsofWhatnewsstoriesdoyouDivisionofnewsPeopleexpecttoget42.fromreadingNewsstoriesareroughlydividedintotwoSomenewswillexcitetheirreadersinstantlywhileotherswon’t.43.ofthetwoNewsofimmediaterewardwillseeminglytaketheirreaderstotheveryfrighteningscenewithoutReaderswillassociatethemselvescloselywithwhathappensinthenewsstoriesand45.similarfeelingswiththoseinvolved.Newsofdelayedrewardwillmakereaderssuffer,orpresenta46.tothem.Newsofdelayedrewardwillinducethereaderto47.fortherealitywhilenewsofimmediaterewardwillleadthereaderto48.fromthereality.【答案【解析】文章结【答案【解析】文章结合弗洛伊德心理学理论，分析了不同人群对新闻报道的接受习惯和反42.信息查找题。根据“Peopleselectnewsinexpectationofareward.ThisrewardmayUnstableboundariesofthetwoWhatreadersexpectfromnewsstoriesarelargelyshapedbytheir49..Seriousreaderswillbothgetexcitedoverwhathappensinsomenewsstoriesand50.themselvestothereality.Thus,thedivision,onthewhole,51.onthe44.44.信息转换题。根据第三段第二句“Areadercanenjoyanindirectexperiencewithout45.信息归纳题。根据第三段中“Areadercanenjoyanindirectexperiencewithoutanyofdangersorstressesinvolved.Hecantremblewildlyatanaxe-murder…understandinglyatawarmlittlestoryofchildrenordogs.”annoyance—as,forexample,whenhereadsofthethreateningforeignsituation,…Ithas47.信息转换题。根据第四段中“Itisreadsothatthereadermaybeinformedand48.信息查找题。根据第四段中heselectsnewsoftheotherkind,hewithdrawsfromtheworldofthreateningrealitytowardthedreamworld.”example,asociologistmay…Acoachmaypoliticianmay…”intotheworldofsurroundingrealitytowhichhecanadapthimselfonlybyhardwork.”51.归纳概括题。根据最后一段中“whilethedivisionofcategoriesholdsingeneral,individual’stendencymaytransferanystoryfromonekindofreadingtoanother,ortheexperiencebetweenthetwokindsofreward.”7.theexperiencebetweenthetwokindsofreward.”7.（2015年，湖南卷52.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachNotallprintdictionariesarethesame,asyouwillnoticewhenyouselectone.Tomakewiseselection,youshouldknowhowtodistinguishamongthreekindsofprintpocket,desk,andunabridged.YoushouldalsoknowthecopyrightdateofyourandcheckisspecialApocketdictionaryissmall.Generally,itcontainsnomorethan75000entries,ithardlytocarrytoclassandefficienttouse.However,apocketdictionarydoesn'tenoughentriestobeadequateforcollegereferencehomework.Inaddition,theabouteachwordinapocketdictionaryisgenerallylimited.Adeskdictionaryissized,generallycontainingover100,000entriesaswellasextrafeatures.Forcollegeyoushouldownacurrentdeskdictionary.AnunabridgeddictionaryisacompleteAbridgeddictionaries,suchaspocketanddeskdictionaries,areshortened.unabridgeddictionariescontainnearlyallEnglishwords,theyarelargeandheavy.TheyoftenusedbyschoolsandIfthecopyrightdateofyourcurrentdictionaryshowsthatitwaspublishedfiveormoreago,considerinvestinginamorerecentedition.Englishisadynamiclanguagethatnewwordsandrecognizeschangesinmeaning,spelling,andusageoffamiliarwords.Thisreflectedinanup-to-dateInselectingadictionary,checkthefeaturesitoffersbesidesvocabularyManyeditionscontainsigns,symbolsandforeignwords.SomealsocontainCD-ROMsaccesstospecialonline【答案4.desk【答案4.desk6.largeand8.admittingnew10.access【解析】本文讲述了三种字典的类型，旨在告诉读者如何根据需要去选择字典1.Select;2.inadequate;根据第二段中的第三句话：10.access【解析】本文讲述了三种字典的类型，旨在告诉读者如何根据需要去选择字典1.Select;2.inadequate;根据第二段中的第三句话：However,apocketdictionarydoesn’tenoughentriestobeadequateforcollegereferencehomework.3.wordinformation;根据第二段的第四句话：theinformationabouteachwordinadictionaryisgenerallypocket5.extrafeatures;根据第二段中的第五句话：Adeskdictionaryismedium-sized,containingover170,000entriesaswellasextrafeatures.deskdictionary6.largeandheavy;根据第二段中的倒数第二句话：becauseunabridgeddictionariesnearlyallEnglishwords,theyarelargeandheavy;largeand7.schoolsandlibraries;根据第二段的最后一句话：Theyareoftenusedbyschools8.admittingnewwords;根第三段的第二句话:admittingnewselectingadictionary,checkthefeaturesitaccess8.（2015access8.（2015年，安徽卷Putagroupofstrangersinaroomtogether,andthey'llprobablystarta"Hottoday,isn'tit?"onemightsay."Yousaidit."anotherWhydowetalksomuchabouttheweather?Whenwemeetnewpeople,wed