江苏省南京六校联合2021-2022学年高二上学期期末调研英语试题（含听力）（解析版）

2021-2022学年第一学期期末六校联合调研试题高二英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenwillthewomanmeettheorganizer?A.Onthe6th. B.Onthe10th. C.Onthe28th.【1题答案】【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Anne.ThemusicfestivalbeginsonMay28thandticketsgoonsaleonthe6th.Areyouinterestedingoing?W:Sure.Actually,theorganizeriscomingtoourschoolonthe10th.I’dliketogetmoreinformationfromhimbeforeIbuytickets.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Eatahugemeal. B.Havesomecake. C.Buyabirthdaygift.【2题答案】【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Thatchocolatecakelooksdelicious.Aren’tyougoingtohavesomewithme?M:Well,thatwasahugemealwejusthad,andI’mtryingtowatchmyweight.ButIsupposebirthdaysonlyhappenonceayear.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whycan’tthewomanplaywiththeboy?A.Sheneedstobakeacake.B.Sheneedstotakeabreak.C.Sheneedstofinishsomework.【3题答案】【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Mom,willyoucomeandplayagamewithme?W:Canyoujustrestandbequiet?IhavetohandinthisreporttomorrowandIneedtoconcentrateonwritingit.M:Sorry,Mom.CanIhavesomeofthatcakeyoubaked?4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Acouple. B.Co-workers. C.Bossandworker.【4题答案】【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Whataday!Iwasupat5:00a.m.andIhaven’tstoppedworkingsincethen.Ican’tkeepmyeyesopennow.M:Ohdear,youmustbetootired.GetsomerestandI’llwakeyouwhendinner’sready.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What’sthereasonthatthemanthinktheyshouldgototheparktoday?A.Theparkisclean.B.Thecrowdsaresmall.C.Theweatherisniceallday.【5题答案】【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Theweathertodayislookingawful.Areyousureyoustillwanttogotothenationalpark?M:It’ssupposedtoclearupatlunch.Besides,therewon’tbeanypeopletherebecausetheythoughttheweatherwouldbebadallday.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Howdoesthemanfeel?A.Relaxed. B.Worried. C.Angry.7.Wheredoesthewomanthinkthebookmightbe?A.Intheyard. B.Intheschool. C.Intheirroom.【6~7题答案】【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:I’msosureIleftthebookonthetableinourroombeforeleaving.It’snotthereanymore.IaskedJimifhehadseenit,buthesaidno.Wherecouldithavegone?W:Maybeyou’remistakingwhereyoukeptit.Don’tyouusuallyreadoutsideintheyardonSundays?It’spossibleyouforgottobringitinside.M:Ihopethat’snotthecase.I’llgocheckrightnow,butitrainedalldayyesterday.Ifthebookhasbeenoutsidesincemorning,it’llberuinedbynow.Ineeditfortomorrow’slecture.W:Isupposeyou’llhavetomakeanothertriptothebookstoretoday,then.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhatwasthewomandoinginChinabefore?A.Working. B.Studying. C.Traveling.9.Whichareawouldprobablyhaveanamusementpark?A.Area1. B.Area2. C.Area3.【8~9题答案】【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】M:ThefirstthingyoumustdowhenyouarriveinChinaisgotothepolicestation.Thisisrequiredforeveryonestayinglongerthanseveralmonths.W:Iremember.TherewasthesamerulewhenIwenttocollegethere.M:Afterthat,youshouldfindahotelforafewnights.W:Wherewouldyourecommend?M:Whatkindofareadoyouwant?Doyouwanttolivenearentertainmentfacilities?I’drecommendArea1ofthecity.W:No,I’djustliketostaysomewherequiet.M:Well,thatwouldbeArea2.Ifyouwantsomewherecheaper,tryArea3.W:I’llreadsomereviewsonlineandthendecide.MaybeIcanfindadiscount.M:Whenwillyouleave?W:IntwoweeksbeforetheMid-AutumnFestival.M:You’dbetterhurry,then.Hotelsgetbusybeforetheholidays.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthehotelbar.B.Inahotelroom.C.Atthehotelcheck-indesk.11.Whatcompanydoesthemanworkfor?A.LloydsBank. B.MarriotHotel. C.TraskRestaurant.12.Whenisthemainbaropen?A.Allday.B.From6:00p.m.until2:00a.m.C.From2:00p.m.untilmidnight.【10~12题答案】【答案】10.C11.A12.A【解析】【原文】W:Hello,welcometoMarriotHotel.HowcanIhelpyoutoday?M:Checkinginplease.W:Certainly,sir.CanItakethenameorbookingreference?M:Mycompanybookeditforme.ItshouldbeunderLloydsBank.W:Andyourname?M:MartinTrask.W:Ihaveyoustayingfortwonights.Isthatcorrect?M:No,itshouldbethree.W:Notaproblem,I’llgetthatextended.Haveyoustayedwithusbefore?M:No,Ihavenot.W:Sobreakfastisservedonthefirstfloorinthemainrestaurant.Hereyouwillalsofindabarthatisopen24hoursaday.There’salsoarooftopbaropenfrom6:00p.m.until2:00a.m.M:Ibetyougetsomegoodviewsfromupthere.W:Thebest.There’salsoapoolandagymonthethirdlevel.M:Imighttrythepoolbeforemyfirstmeetingtomorrow.W:ItlookslikeeverythingisalreadypaidforCanIhelpyouwithanythingelse?M:No,thankyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whydoesthemanwantthewomantogoaheadofhim?A.Heiswaitingforhishairstylist.B.He’snotsurewhichstyletoget.C.Hewantstogetherphonenumber.14.Whoisprobablythebestforwomen’shair?A.Joe. B.Tony. C.Lorraine.15.Whatisacrewcut?A.Longonthesidesandthetop.B.Shortonthesidesandthetop.C.Shortonthesidesandlongonthetop.16.Wheredoesthemanwork?A.Ataschool. B.Atanadcompany. C.Atabarbershop.【13~16题答案】【答案】13.B14.B15.B16.B【解析】【原文】M:Hey,doyouwanttogoaheadofme?W:Sure,butyou’vebeenwaitingfor20minutes.M:Yeah,butIstillcan’tdecidewhatstyleIwant.W:Whoareyouwaitingfor?M:Whoeverisreadyfirst,Iguess.W:Yourfirsttimeatthisplace?I’vebeencominghereforyears,andusuallygotoTony.Buttrustme,Lorraineisthebestformen’shair.M:Really?Ithinkthatguyisprettygoodtoo,theonewho’sgivingthatshortmanacrewcut.W:I’mnottoofamiliarwithmen’sstyles.Crewcutiswhenit’slongonthetopandshortonthesides,right?M:Notquite—it’sshortonboth.Thinkit’lllookgoodonme?W:Hmm,Idon’tknow.It’stoughtopicture.M:OrmaybeIshouldaskforanewcolor?W:Ha-ha,notsureitwouldsuityou.M:Whynot?Asuitlikethiswithsomelighthairlikeyours,ormaybegreen.W:DoyouthinkyourfirmorcollegewouldbeOKwiththat?Wheredoyouworkorstudy?M:Ijuststartedatanadagency.It’smyfirstweek.W:Howisthat?I’vebeenthinkingaboutgettingintotheindustry.M:Differentfromwhatyou’dprobablythink.W:Lookslikethecrewcutguy—it’sJoe,bytheway—isdone.You’reup.M:Givemeyournumber.Weshouldmeetforadrink.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatisbasicallythemostimportanttoanargumentativeessay?A.Toraisequestionsatfirst.B.Todescribesomethingindetail.C.Toconvincereadersofsomething.18.Whatmakesagoodargumentaccordingtothespeaker?A.Itsclearlogic. B.Itsnewstories. C.Itsinterestingtopic.19.HowareWesternessaysdifferentfromChinese?A.Inlength. B.Intopic. C.Instructure.20.WhatwouldanAmericanteacherexpectinthefirstparagraphofanessay?A.Differentviewpoints.B.Thewriter’sargument.C.Thesupportingdetails.【17~20题答案】【答案】17.C18.A19.C20.B【解析】【原文】Theargumentativeessayisaveryinterestingtypeofessay.Thepointofanargumentativeessayisbasicallytomakeanargument.Youarenottellingthereaderaboutsomethingnewordescribinganything.Instead,youhavetoconvincethemaboutsomething.Agoodargumentmustbeclearandlogical.Indeed,manyChinesestudentsfinditdifficulttowritegoodessaysinschoolsanduniversitiesinAmerica.ItisnotbecausethereisnohistoryofessaysinChina.Rather,thereisaverylonghistoryofessays.Buttheyhavetheirownuniquefeatures.Primarily,Chinesestudentsareusedtothekindofessaysthatputthewriter’sargumentattheend.Thefirstseveralpartsintroducethetopicordifferentviews.Theseleadtoaturn,whichintroducesconflictanddifferentaspects.Finally,theseareconcluded.InAmerica,mostteacherslikeessaysthatstatetheconclusionoftheargumentinthefirstparagraph.WhilesomepeoplemightregardmanyChinesestudents’essaysasbadlywritten,itisimportanttorememberthattheyareactuallywrittenverywellaccordingtoChinesestyle.Therefore,itisessentialtopointoutearlyhowtheWesternstyleisdifferent.OncetheChinesestudentsknowaboutthedifferences,theycaneasilyadapttheirwritingtothecorrectculturalcontext.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAward-winningauthor,SandyLynneHolman,isvisitingourcommunity.Weneedyoursupport!WeareveryexcitedtoannouncethatweareintheprocessofinvitingSandyLynneHolman,thewell-knownauthorofGrandpa,IsEverythingBlackBad?,tovisitourcommunity.Sandyisadynamicspeakerwhohasthespecialgiftofconnectingwithpeopleofallbackgrounds,especiallytheyouth.WewouldliketohaveSandyworkwithourorganizationsothatouryouthcanbenefitfromallshehastooffer.Sandyfocusesonteachingyoungpeopletorespecttheirelders,thosewhocomefromdifferentbackgrounds,andtolearnabouttheworldthroughliterature.HerworkhasbeenhonoredintheSchoolLibraryJournal,Writer’sDigest,TheLosAngelesTimes,and“TheTodayShow”.Shehasanexcellentreputationformakingthedayanexcitingexperienceforall.WeareaskingforyourhelpinbringingSandytoourcommunitybymakingasmallfinancialormaterialdonation.Yourorganizationcanmakecontributionstowardsherspeakingfee,hotelroom,transportation,andmeals.Inaddition,oralternatively,youcanmakecontributionstowardsthepurchaseofsomeofherbooksforouryouth.WeareinvitingthemediatoparticipateinourvisitwithSandy.OrganizationsthatmakecontributionstowardsSandy’svisitwillhaveanopportunityforacknowledgmentandpositiveexposureinthemedia.Wewillalsosendanotehometoparentsacknowledginganydonationswehavereceived.IfyouwouldliketosupportourspecialdaywithSandy,pleasecallusoryoumayalsocontactthepublisherandaskforMarkMiller.Sandywillalsobeautographing(在……上签名)children’sbooksandshecanmakeapersonalizedcommentonbehalfofthedonatingorganization,ifdesired.21.WhatwillSandybeexpectedtodo?A.Todeliveralecture. B.Tomakeadonation.C.Toattend“TheTodayShow”. D.Tovisiteldersattheirhomes.22.Whatkindofsupportwillbeneeded?A.AdvertisingSandy’svisit.B.Makingapersonalizedcomment.C.BuyingtheyouthsomeofSandy’sbooks.D.Tryingtobeavolunteerinthecommunity.23.Whomightbetheauthorofthetext?A.Asocialmediareporter.B.Amemberofthecommunity.C.Awriterofchildren’sbooks.D.Anexcellentyouthspeaker.【21~23题答案】【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】【分析】本文是应用文。文章作者号召社区成员捐款邀请著名获奖作家SandyLynneHolman来访问社区。【21题详解】推断判断题。根据第二段的“Sandyisadynamicspeakerwhohasthespecialgiftofconnectingwithpeopleofallbackgrounds,especiallytheyouth.(Sandy是一个充满活力的演讲者，她有一种特殊的天赋，能与各种背景的人，尤其是年轻人建立联系。)”和第三段的“Yourorganizationcanmakecontributionstowardsherspeakingfee,hotelroom,transportation,andmeals.(你的组织可以为她提供演讲费、住宿费、交通费和餐费。)”可知，Sandy将发表演讲。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Yourorganizationcanmakecontributionstowardsherspeakingfee,hotelroom,transportation,andmeals.Inaddition,oralternatively,youcanmakecontributionstowardsthepurchaseofsomeofherbooksforouryouth.(你的组织可以为她的演讲费、酒店房间、交通工具和餐饮费捐款。此外，或者，你也可以为我们的年轻人购买她的一些书做出贡献。)”可知，需要的支持包括，为Sandy提供一些费用，以及为年轻人购买一些Sandy的书籍。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“WeareaskingforyourhelpinbringingSandytoourcommunitybymakingasmallfinancialormaterialdonation.(我们希望通过小额捐款或物质捐赠的方法你能帮助我们把Sandy请到我们的社区。)”可推断，这篇文章的作者是这个社区的一个成员。故选B。BTheGurugram-basedstartupRivigowasfoundedin2014byDeepakGarg.Thecentralobjectiveofthenowbillion-dollarcompanywastocreateamodelwherenotruckdriverwoulddriveformorethan5-6hoursatastretchandwouldreachhomethesameday.Lookingtobuildacompany,Deepakrealizedthattheriseofe-commercehaddramaticallyincreasedthedemandfortrucks,yetinIndiatheindustrywasstrugglingwithashortageofdrivers.Howcouldthisbeinacountryofoverabillionpeoplewithahighunemploymentrate—despitehealthywagesfortruckdrivers?Tosolvethispuzzle,Deepakvisitedsmallvillageswheremanytruckdriverscouldbefound.Duringhisone-on-oneconversationshediscoveredthatsincetruckdriversarealmostalwaysontheroad,theyoftendevelopbadhabitssuchasheavydrinking.Partlybecauseofthis,fewvillagerswantedasontobecomeatruckdriveroradaughtertomarryone.What,then,wasthesolution?Coulditbetobringthedriversbacktotheirhomeseverynight?Thatcouldwork---buthowcouldhemakeithappenifatrucker’striptookthreeorfourdays?Arelayservice,Deepakrealized,couldsolvetheproblem.Effectively,hebuilttruckstopsfourhoursapartalongaselectedroute.AdrivercouldgofrompointAtopointB,drophistruckthereandpickupanothertrucktodrivefromBbacktoA.AnotherdriverinturnwouldpickupthetruckfromBandtakeittopointC,andsoon.Thisnotonlybroughtdrivershomeeachnight,butcreatedgreatvalueforlogistics(物流)companies.Atruckthatwaspreviouslyusedforonly10to12hoursaday,allowingdriverstimetosleepandeat,couldnowoperateformorethan20hours,cuttingtotaldeliverytimesbyalmosthalf.Tobesure,there’salotoftechnologybehindthescene.Butthefounderstronglybelievesbeinghumane(人道的)aboveanythingelseisthebiggestfactorthatdistinguisheshimfromthecommoncrowd.24.WhatwasthemainpurposeofRivigo?A.Toincreasethesaleoftrucks.B.Tomaketruckdrivingmorehumane.C.Tohelptruckdriversgetoutofbadhabits.D.Toestablishawidere-commercenetwork.25.Whatistherootcauseoftheshortageoftruckdrivers?A.Theyearnalowwage.B.Theyeasilybecomeunemployed.C.Theyareoftenawayfromhome.D.Theyhavetooverworkfrequently.26.HowcanDeepak’smodelbenefitlogisticscompanies?A.Itmakesbetteruseoftrucks.B.Itcutsthecostsofhiringdrivers.C.Itimproveslogisticstechnologygreatly.D.Itsavesthemthetroubleofbuildingtruckstops.27.WhatisthemessagemainlyexpressedinDeepak’sstory?A.Havingagoalisvitaltosuccess.B.Experiencehelpstopromoteexcellence.C.Positivethinkingandactionresultinsuccess.D.Onecannotsucceedwithouttimeandpractice.【24~27题答案】【答案】24.B25.C26.A27.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章通过一种卡车运输新型模式，引发对卡车司机这份职业和对卡车利用的问题。Deepak为了解决问题，积极思考并采取行动，最终成功解决卡车司机短缺的问题。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“TheGurugram-basedstartupRivigowasfoundedin2014byDeepakGarg.Thecentralobjectiveofthenowbillion-dollarcompanywastocreateamodelwherenotruckdriverwoulddriveformorethan5-6hoursatastretchandwouldreachhomethesameday.”(总部位于Gurugram的新兴公司Rivigo由DeepakGarg于2014年创立。这家现在价值数十亿美元的公司的核心目标是创建一种模式，在这个模式中，没有卡车司机会连续行驶超过5-6个小时，并且会当天到家。)和最后一段中“Butthefounderstronglybelievesbeinghumane(人道的)aboveanythingelseisthebiggestfactorthatdistinguisheshimfromthecommoncrowd.”(但这位创始人坚信，人道高于一切是他区别于普通人群的最大因素。)可知，Rivigo的主要目的是控制卡车驾驶时间，确保司机当天到家，使卡车驾驶更人性化。故选B项。25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Duringhisone-on-oneconversationshediscoveredthatsincetruckdriversarealmostalwaysontheroad,theyoftendevelopbadhabitssuchasheavydrinking.”(在他的一对一谈话中，他发现由于卡车司机几乎总是在路上，他们经常养成坏习惯，比如酗酒。)可知，卡车司机总是在路上，总是在工作，经常离开家。这是卡车司机短缺的根本原因。故选C项。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Atruckthatwaspreviouslyusedforonly10to12hoursaday,allowingdriverstimetosleepandeat,couldnowoperateformorethan20hours,cuttingtotaldeliverytimesbyalmosthalf.”(以前每天只使用10到12个小时的卡车，让司机有时间睡觉和吃饭，现在可以运行超过20个小时，将总交付时间缩短了近一半。)可知，Deepak的模式延长了卡车使用的时间、缩短交付时间，使物流公司更好地利用卡车。故选A项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Tosolvethispuzzle,Deepakvisitedsmallvillageswheremanytruckdriverscouldbefound.”(为了解决这个难题，Deepak参观了可以找到许多卡车司机的小村庄。)”及第四段“Arelayservice,Deepakrealized,couldsolvetheproblem.(Deepak意识到，中继服务可以解决这个问题。)可知，Deepak为了解决问题，积极思考并采取行动，最终成功解决卡车司机短缺的问题。故选C项。C“Eatingtogether”isastatementthatdoctorsuseregularlywhentheytalkwithfamiliesaboutmaintainingnormalweight.Childrenwhoeatregularfamilymealstendtohavelowerratesofobesity.Anewstudytakesalookatwhy.AteamledbyJericaBergaskedthefamiliesof120childrentorecordeightdaysofmeals.Berge’steamsortedtheinteractionsoccurringatthetableintotwobroadgroups—thoserelatingtotheemotionalatmosphereatthemeal,suchashowmuchthefamilymembersseemedtobeenjoyingthetimetogether,andhowmanyuncomfortablesilencesoccurred—andthoseinvolvingfoodspecially,suchashowmanyunpleasantfeelingsemergedfromdiscussionsaboutfood,andhowmuchtheparentscontrolledwhatandhowmuchchildrenate.Childrenwhowereoverweighthadfamilymealsthatincludedmorenegativeemotionalinteractionscomparedtochildrenwhoweren’toverweight.Theirmealstendedtohaveawarmer,morecommunicativeatmosphere.Forexample,thesechildrenwereencouragedtoeatfoodstogetstrongerorrunfaster,whileheavierchildrenexperiencedmorenegativepressuresincludingthreatsandbeingmadetofeelguiltyaboutthosewhocan’taffordtoeatthreemealsaday.Ifparentstalkconstantlythroughoutthemealaboutfood,andlecturedthechildrenabouthomeworkorattemptedtocontrolwhatthechildrenate,theyoungsterswerealsomorelikelytobeheavy.Also,theresearchersfoundheavierchildrentendedtohaveshortermeals.Inthemeantime,thecurrentdatasuggeststhatsimplysittingdownatthesametableatthesametimeisn’tenoughtoinfluenceobesity.Andit’suptofamilydoctorstohelpfamiliesunderstandhowtotakefulladvantageofbreakingbreadtogether.28.WhatweresortedintotwogroupsbyBerge’steam?A.Foodsservedatthreemeals.B.Conversationshappeningduringdinner.C.Featuresoffamilymealsinfluencingweight.D.Feelingsemergingfromdiscussionsaboutfood.29.Whatdidparentswithnon-obesechildrendoatthetable?A.Theytoldthechildrentoeattogethealthy.B.Theytalkedwiththechildrenabouthomework.C.Theylecturedthechildrenabouttreasuringfood.D.Theyaskedthechildrentofinishmealsquickly.30.Whatkindoftipshouldfamilydoctorsofferfamilies?A.Cookingdeliciousmeals.B.Dietinginahealthymanner.C.Creatingsharedconversationtopics.D.Makinggooduseofdiningtogether.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowobesityspreadsacrossfamilymembersB.WhymorechildrenarebecomingoverweightC.WhyparentsshouldeattogetherwithchildrenD.Howdiningwithparentsaffectsobesityinkids【28~31题答案】【答案】28.C29.A30.D31.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论和父母一起吃饭对儿童体重的影响。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段““Eatingtogether”isastatementthatdoctorsuseregularlywhentheytalkwithfamiliesaboutmaintainingnormalweight.Childrenwhoeatregularfamilymealstendtohavelowerratesofobesity.Anewstudytakesalookatwhy.”(“一起吃饭”是医生在与家人谈论保持正常体重时经常使用的声明。定期吃家庭餐的儿童往往肥胖率较低。一项新的研究探讨了原因。)及第二段“Berge’steamsortedtheinteractionsoccurringatthetableintotwobroadgroups——thoserelatingtotheemotionalatmosphereatthemeal,suchashowmuchthefamilymembersseemedtobeenjoyingthetimetogether,andhowmanyuncomfortablesilencesoccurred——andthoseinvolvingfoodspecially,suchashowmanyunpleasantfeelingsemergedfromdiscussionsaboutfood,andhowmuchtheparentscontrolledwhatandhowmuchchildrenate.”(Berge的团队将餐桌上发生的互动分为两大类，①与用餐时的情绪氛围有关的互动，例如家庭成员似乎正在一起享受时光，发生了多少不舒服的沉默，②尤其是涉及食物的互动，例如从关于食物的讨论中产生了多少不愉快的感觉，以及父母控制了多少，孩子吃了多少。)可知，Berge的团队为了探讨吃家庭餐的儿童往往肥胖率较低的原因，将影响孩子体重的家庭用餐特点分为两类。故选C项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theirmealstendedtohaveawarmer,morecommunicativeatmosphere.Forexample,thesechildrenwereencouragedtoeatfoodstogetstrongerorrunfaster,whileheavierchildrenexperiencedmorenegativepressuresincludingthreatsandbeingmadetofeelguiltyaboutthosewhocan’taffordtoeatthreemealsaday.”(他们用餐时往往有一个更温暖，更注重沟通的氛围。例如，这些孩子被鼓励吃食物以变得更强壮或跑得更快，而超重的孩子则经历了更多的负面压力，包括威胁，并对那些无法负担一日三餐的人感到内疚。)可知，父母和不胖的孩子的餐桌氛围是温暖的，更注重沟通。父母会告诉孩子吃东西可以变强壮、跑得快、变健康。故选A项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Andit’suptofamilydoctorstohelpfamiliesunderstandhowtotakefulladvantageofbreakingbreadtogether.”(家庭医生有责任帮助家庭了解如何充分利用一起吃饭的优势。)可知，家庭医生给家庭的小贴士是：充分利用一起吃饭的机会。故选D项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段““Eatingtogether”isastatementthatdoctorsuseregularlywhentheytalkwithfamiliesaboutmaintainingnormalweight.Childrenwhoeatregularfamilymealstendtohavelowerratesofobesity.Anewstudytakesalookatwhy.”(“一起吃饭”是医生在与家人谈论保持正常体重时经常使用的声明。定期吃家庭餐的儿童往往肥胖率较低。一项新的研究探讨了原因。)可知，文章主要讨论在家和父母一起吃饭对儿童体重的影响。故文章标题为：与父母一起用餐如何影响孩子的肥胖。故选D项。DAt3:30a.m.EDTonApril19,theIngenuityhelicopter---whichlandedonMarswiththePerseverancerover(漫游者)inFebruary---tookofffromtheMartiansurface.Moreimportantly,itcircledforabout30seconds,threemetersabovethesurfaceandcamerightbackdownagain.Itmaynotsoundlikeahugeachievement,butitis.Ingenuity’sflightisthefirstpoweredflightofanaircraftonanotherplanet.Itmarksthemilestoneinthestoryofhumanspaceexploration.Thereareseveraltechnologicalchallengestoconducthelicopterflightinanotherworld.First,andmoresignificantly,helicoptersneedanatmospheretofly.Theblades(桨叶),or“rotors”ofahelicoptermustspin(旋转)fastenoughtogenerateaforcecalled“lift”.Butliftcanonlybegeneratedinthepresenceofsomekindofatmosphere.WhileMarsdoeshaveanatmosphere,it’smuch,muchthinnerthanEarth’s---about100timesthinner,infact.FlyingIngenuityinMar’satmosphereisthereforetheequivalent(对等物)offlyingahelicopteronEarthataheightof100,000feet.Forreference,commercialaircraftflybetween30,000-40,000feetabovetheEarth’ssurfaceandthehighestwe’veeverbeeninahelicopteronEarthis42,000feet.Thenthere’stheMartiangravitytoconsider.Itisaboutone-thirdthestrengthofgravityonEarth,whichmeanswe’dbeabletoliftIngenuitywithlesspowerthanwouldberequiredhere.ButwhileMars’gravityworkstoouradvantage,thisiscancelledoutbythelackofatmosphere.Evensendingthesignalfortheflighttobeginrequiredacollectionofadvancedtechnology.WhileitonlyrequiresminutesforradiosignalstotravelbetweenEarthandMars,therewasstilladelayofhoursforthosesignalstoreachthehelicopter.AllthesethingsrequireIngenuitytobelightenough.Actually,itweighslessthan4pounds,standsjust1.6feettall,andcarriesbatteries,heatersandsensors.Besides,itstworotorshadtospinabout2,400revolutionsperminute—fivetimesfasterthanonEarth.Wheninflight,Ingenuity’sshadowgivestheimpressionofoversized,four-wingeddragonfly.Butthetinycraftissettomakeanenormousimpactonspaceexploration.“Sojourner’stechnicalexposurein1997gaveNASAtheguaranteeoffuturepilots.WhattheIngenuityteamhasdonehasgivenusanewchance.Ithinkthat’sthewaywebuildthefuture,”saidJPLdirectorMichaelWatkins.Inaddition,WatkinsbelievesthatIngenuityisexpectedtolaythefoundationformoreantigravityspacecraftcapableofexploringotherworldsinatotallynewway.32.Whichofthefollowingisofextraordinarysignificanceaccordingtotheauthor?A.TheIngenuityhelicopterlandedonMarssuccessfullyB.TheIngenuityhelicoptermadeitsfirstflightonMars.C.TheIngenuityhelicopterstayedonMarsforalongtimeD.TheIngenuityhelicoptertravelledbetweenMarsandEarth.33.WhatcanwelearnaboutMars’atmosphere?A.ItcanhardlyprovidealiftforIngenuitytofly.B.It’snotsafeforIngenuitytoflyhighandfast.C.It’stoothintokeepIngenuitystableintheair.D.ItcanonlyraiseIngenuitytoaheightof100,000feet.34.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph3toParagraph6?A.HowIngenuityperformedduringtheflightB.WhyIngenuity’sflightonMarsisabigdealC.HowIngenuitysurvivedthetoughconditionsofMarsD.WhatcontributedtothesuccessfulflightofIngenuity35.WhydidMichaelWatkinsmentionSojourner?A.ToexplainhowitsmissiondiffersfromIngenuity’s.B.ToshowtechnologicalprogressinMarsexploration.C.TostressthesignificanceofIngenuity’sflightonMars.D.Toillustratetheimpactofspaceexplorationonfutureflight.【32~35题答案】【答案】32.B33.A34.B35.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了“独创”号直升机首次在火星上飞行，以及其在在火星上飞行所需要的技术的突破。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Itmaynotsoundlikeahugeachievement,butitis.Ingenuity’sflightisthefirstpoweredflightofanaircraftonanotherplanet.Itmarksthemilestoneinthestoryofhumanspaceexploration.(这听起来可能不是一个巨大的成就，但它是。这是飞行器在另一个星球上的首次机动飞行。它标志着人类太空探索史上的一个里程碑。)”可知“独创”号直升机首次在火星上飞行。故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Butliftcanonlybegeneratedinthepresenceofsomekindofatmosphere.WhileMarsdoeshaveanatmosphere,it’smuch,muchthinnerthanEarth’s-about100timesthinner,infact.(但是升力只能在有某种大气存在的情况下产生。虽然火星确实有大气层，但它比地球要薄得多——事实上，大约是地球的100倍。)”以及文章第四段“FlyingIngenuityinMar’satmosphereisthereforetheequivalent(对等物)offlyingahelicopteronEarthataheightof100,000feet.Forreference,commercialaircraftflybetween30,000-40,000feetabovetheEarth’ssurfaceandthehighestwe’veeverbeeninahelicopteronEarthis42,000feet.(因此，在火星大气层中进行飞行相当于在地球上10万英尺的高空驾驶一架直升机。作为参考，商用飞机在地球表面上空3万~4万英尺之间飞行，我们在地球上乘坐的最高直升机是4.2万英尺。)”可知火星大气层几乎不能为“独创”号直升机提供飞行的动力。故选A。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Thereareseveraltechnologicalchallengestoconducthelicopterflightinanotherworld.First,andmoresignificantly,helicoptersneedanatmospheretofly.(在另一个世界进行直升机飞行有几个技术挑战。首先，更重要的是，直升机需要大气层才能飞行。)”；文章第四段“FlyingIngenuityinMar’satmosphereisthereforetheequivalent(对等物)offlyingahelicopteronEarthataheightof100,000feet.(在火星大气层飞行相当于在地球上10万英尺高空飞行的直升机。)”；文章第五段“Thenthere’stheMartiangravitytoconsider.(然后还要考虑火星的重力。)”；以及第六段“Evensendingthesignalfortheflighttobeginrequiredacollectionofadvancedtechnology(即使是发射信号让飞行开始也需要一套先进的技术)”可知，文章第三段到第六段主要讲解的是为什么“独创”号在火星上的飞行是一件大事。故选B。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Sojourner’stechnicalexposurein1997gaveNASAtheguaranteeoffuturepilots.WhattheIngenuityteamhasdonehasgivenusanewchance.Ithinkthat’sthewaywebuildthefuture.(1997年，“旅居者”的技术接触给了NASA未来飞行员