Unit6AtOneWithNatureUnderstandingideas单词讲解课件-高中英语

Unit6AtonewithnatureUnderstandingideas词汇讲解wrapvt

(用……)

包；裹：I’dliketowrap

(up)Christmaspresentsinprettypaper.Zongziarewrappedinbambooleaves.

(用……)

缠绕；围住：Hewrappedascarfaroundhisneck.词汇拓展►wrappingn[C]&[U]用于包装的材料preventvt阻止；预防；防止：Inthiswaywepreventedthespreadofthisdisease.preventsb/sth(from)doingsth:Thereweremanywaystopreventthisfromhappening.Pollutionpreventspeoplefromseeingobjectsintheskythattheycouldseequiteeasilyinthepast.

词汇拓展►

preventionn[U]防止；预防：Preventionisbetterthancure.

harmony

n

[U]&[C]和声：singinharmony

[U]和睦；融洽：The“ChineseDream”isadreamtoimprovepeople’swell-beingandadreamofharmony,peaceanddevelopment.

Onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.词源：来自希腊神话中代表和谐和协调的女神哈耳摩尼亚的名字Harmonia。声音、音调的和谐人与人/自然的和谐

[C]&[U]和谐；协调：theharmonyofseaandsky

词汇拓展►harmoniousadj协调的；和谐的；和睦的物与物的和谐

design

vt

设计；绘制：designacar/dress/tool/officespeciallydesigned

software

[常用于被动语态]

(为某种特定目的)

计划；设计：Theroutewasdesignedtorelievetheheavytraffic.Thiscourseisdesignedasanintroductiontothesubject.ItissaidthattheearlyEuropeanplaying-cardsweredesignedforentertainmentandeducation.■n[U]&[C]

设计；图样；图案：abowlwithaflowerdesignLookingforwardtoreceivingyourcreativedesigns!

计划；目的；意图：Whetherbychanceorbydesign,itsohappenedthattherewereexactly150peopleinthestation.Shehasdesignson

hismoney.词汇拓展harm■n[U]伤害；损害；危害：Hemaynotbeabletohelpbutthere’snoharmin

askinghim.

doharmto/do...harm伤害；对……有害：Toomuchdrinkingwilldogreatharmtoyou./Toomuchdrinkingwilldoyougreatharm.

■vt伤害；损害：Don’tharmyoureyesbyreadinginapoorlight.

ToomuchTV-watchingcanharmchildren’sabilitytolearn.

词汇拓展►harmlessadj

无害的反harmful►harmfuladj有害的反harmless：theharmfuleffectsoftobacco

Airpollutionwillgetworseandthiswillbeharmfultopeople.

agriculture：agri-(field田地)+culture(cultivation种植)→农业

派生词：agricultural；词块：agriculturalcropsagri-(field田地)+culture(cultivation种植)→农业

派生词：agricultural词块：agriculturalcropsagriculture

把……放回原处：Replacethemagazinesafterreading.

取代；接替；更换：Personally,Ithinkstoreshoppingwillexistalongwithonlineshoppingbutwillneverbereplaced.

We’dbehappytoreplacetheradioforyou.

replace...with/by用……替换：Theyreplacedtheirbelovedoldcarswithexpensivenewsportscars.replacevt词源解读：replace由re-+place(v)构成，恢复到以前的位置→“把……放回原处”►replacementn[U]更换；更替；[C]替换的人/物：Talkingonlineisnoreplacementfor

face-to-facecontact.词汇拓展material

基本义——材料n

[C]&[U]

[常用复数]材料；原料：reading/teachingmaterialsHeisagoodsoldier,butnotreally

officermaterial.

[C]&[U]布料：curtainmaterial

[U]素材：She’scollectingmaterialforherlatestnovel.

■adj

[只用于名词前]物质的；物质上的词汇拓展

materiallyadv物质上mineral：来自mine(n矿)

词块：mineralwater4.consumer：consume(v

消费)+-er5.priority：来自prior(adj

优先的)；词块：atopprioritymineral：来自mine(n矿)

词块：mineralwater

consumer：consume(v

消费)+-erpriority：来自prior(adj

优先的)

词块：atoppriority

barrier：一词多义，基本义“障碍”

词块：thebarrierbetween...and…,languagebarrierstructure：来自词根struct(build建造)

同根词：construct,instructliving：adj

反义词dead词块：livingthings,livinglanguage,theliving

名词词块：make/earnaliving,doforaliving,

organism：organise+-ism

observatory：来自observenarrow■adj

(宽度等)

狭窄的

反

wide：Aswesetout,Iwasshockedathownarrowthepathwas.

(心胸、视野等)

狭隘的

/狭窄的反broad：narrow-minded

Shehasaverynarrowviewoftheworld.

[常用于名词前]勉强的；好不容易的：anarrowvictory/escape

■vt&vi

(使)变窄；(使)变小：

Thegorgenarrowsto350feetastheriverrushesthroughthetwo-mile-highmountains.narrowthegenerationgap

词汇拓展narrowlyadv

勉强地；差点儿

(没)形容词动词化desert■n

[C]&[U]沙漠；荒原■vt

遗弃；抛弃；放弃(abandon)：AlawwaspassedinItalythatgivespeoplewhodesertpetsbigfinesandprisonsentences.

(感觉、品质、技艺等)

背离；舍弃：Mike’sconfidenceseemedtohavedesertedhim.

词汇拓展desertedadj被舍弃的；被遗弃的(abandoned)；无人居住的：adesertedvillage

[U]美；美丽：thebeautyofthesunsetinnerbeautybeautyproducts

[C]美人；美好的事物：Heregardedhiswifeasabeauty.Photosrecordthebeautiesofnature.beautyn

抽象名词具体化

不可数的抽象名词可用来表示可数的人或物，即“抽象名词具体化”。此时，名词的数和词义都发生变化。表示抽象的概念时，前面不用冠词；表示具体的一个人或一件事时，前面通常用不定冠词。抽象名词具体化单词不可数名词可数名词pleasure快乐；娱乐乐事；乐趣pride自豪；骄傲令人自豪的人/事物danger危险；风险危险的人/物shock(精神上的)震惊令人震惊的事charity慈善(事业)慈善机构/团体mystery神秘神秘的人/事物comfort安慰令人感到安慰的人/事物抽象名词具体化说出下列句子中划线单词精准的汉语释义。frostThewindowswerecoveredwithheavyfrost.Thewindowshadfrostedover.霜（名词）结霜（动词）名词动词化thunderHediedinastormwiththunderandlightning.Itthunderedafewtimes,butnorainfell.雷（名词）打雷（动词）说出下列句子中划线单词精准的汉语释义。rainTherewillberainshowersintheeast.Ithadbeenraininghardallnight.雨下雨常见“天气类”名词动词化cloudTheskywasaperfectblue—notacloudinsight.Ann’seyescloudedwiththepain.显得阴沉云snowIcouldseefootprintsinthesnow.Itstartedsnowingaroundfive.下雪雪iceThepondwascoverediniceallwinter.Schoolswereclosedwhentheroadsicedover.结冰冰英语中有很多名词可转化为动词，常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。例如，表示天气的名词常可转化为动词。

platform：一词多义，基本义“平(的)台”

waterfall：water+fall

thunder：名词动词化：轰隆隆地快速移动

channel：一词多义：海峡；频道；途径/渠道词块：theEnglishChannel

/theChannelTunnel,change/switchchannels

sail：词块：setsail(for),sailaroundtheworld

派生词：sailing,sailor

climate：词块：climatechange隐喻：具体的“气候”到抽象的“风气；环境气氛”

inside：in+side

反义词：outsidegreenfingers：高超的园艺技能；拓展greenhand

sunflower：sun+flowerexpert：ex-(out向外)+-per(尝试、试验)+-t→经历过多次的人

同根词：experience,experiment

branch：一词多义，基本义“树枝”隐喻：具体的“树枝”到抽象的“分支”rent：英式英语中短期租用hire，长期租用rent；美式英语中都用rent

词块：rentout,tolent(BrE)/forrent(AmE),paytherent

rooftop：roof+top【限量版limitededition】“限量版”一直是时尚圈的热门词。一些大牌化妆品每年都会推出诸如限量版口红、限量版彩妆盒一类的产品；高档皮具也会有“限量版”的包包，手机、汽车甚至唱片公司也常常有各式各样的“限量版”。名词[C]limit

界限；边界：inthecitylimits

限度；限制：atime/speedlimitEvenbelowthedrinkinglimit,drivingwillbeaffected.基本义

极限：Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligencearefixedatbirth,butwhetherhereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.

TheEUhassetstrictlimits

onlevelsofpollution.【重要搭配】withinlimits在某种范围内；适度地：I’mwillingtohelp,withinlimits.vt限制；限定：Ibelieveteachingshouldnot

belimitedto

theclassroom.Ilimit

myselfto

twocupsofcoffeeaday.limit名词动化【limit

词族】limitlimitationlimitinglimitlesslimitedlimiting

adj限制性的：Lackofcashisalimitingfactor.现在分词形容词表示主动含义，注意与limited的区别limited

adj有限的；不多的：ABCCompanyLimited/ABCCo.,Ltd.Thisdictionaryusesalimitednumberofwords,around2,000,initsdefinitions.Theamountofmoneywehaveislimited.过去分词形容词表示被动含义limitation

n[U]&[C]限制；局限：thelimitationofnuclearweapons

limitless

adj无限(制)

的：limitlesspossibilities

limit+-ationlimit+-lessn[C]&[U]

利益；益处:sidebenefitTherearecertainlybenefitsof

usingastarinafilm.Hehashadthebenefitof

afirst-classeducation.

津贴；救济金(welfare)benefit【重要搭配】beofbenefitto对……有益(bebeneficialto)：Theracewasofgreatbenefittotheparticipants,physicallyandmentally.forsb’sbenefit/forthebenefitofsb为了某人的利益：

Themoneyistobeusedforthebenefitofthepoor.Thebooksareofgreatuse(=areveryuseful)toEnglishlearners.Friendsareofgreatimportance(=areveryimportant)toeveryone.

Themobilephoneisofgoodquality.beof+抽象名词=be+对应的形容词vt&vi有益于；受益：Therainwillbenefitthecropsgreatly.Iamsureeveryonewillbenefitalotfromthisactivity.benefitbeneficial

adj

[正式用语]有益的；有利的：Exerciseishighlybeneficialto

health.Infact,musiceducationisbeneficial

andimportantfor

allstudents.【词汇拓展】energyn

[复数]精力；力量：apply/devote/putone’senergiesinto/tosth

Parentsshoulddevotesomeoftheirenergiestotakingtheirkidsintonature.

[U]

活力；干劲：She’salwaysfullofenergy.

[U]