考研《英语一》肥乡县2023年点睛提分卷含解析

考研《英语一》肥乡县2023年点睛提分卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Howoftendoyouletotherpeople'snonsensechangeyourmood?Doyouletabaddriver，impolitewaiter，rudeboss，oraninsensitiveemployee1yourday?OnedayIwasinataxiandweheaded2theairport．Weweredrivinginthe3lanewhensuddenlyablackcardroveoutofaparkingspacerightinfrontofus．Mytaxidriverslammedonhis4，slidsideways，andattheverylastmomentourcarstoppedand5theothercarbyjustinches!Thedriveroftheothercarlookedaroundandstarted6atus．Mytaxidriverjust7andwavedattheguy．AndImeanhewasreally8．SoIasked，“Whydidyoujustdothat?Thisguyalmostruinedyourcarandsentustothehospital!”ThisiswhenmytaxidrivertaughtmewhatInowcall“TheLawoftheGarbageTruck”．Heexplainedthatmanypeoplearelikegarbagetrucks．Theyrunaroundfullof9，fulloffrustration，fullofanger，andfullofdisappointment．Astheirgarbage10up，theyneedaplacetodumpitandsometimesthey'lldumpiton11．Don'ttakeitpersonally；Justsmile,wave，wishthemwell，andmoveon．Believeme．You'llbe12．Don'ttaketheirgarbageand13ittootherpeopleatwork,athome，oronthestreets．Life'stooshorttowakeupinhemorningwith14Themarkofyoursuccessishowquicklyyoucanrefocusonwhat's15，RoyBaumeister，apsychologyresearcherfromFloridaStateUniversity，foundinhisextensiveresearchthatyou16badthingsmoreofterthangoodthingsinyourlife，youstorethebadmemoriesmoreeasily，andyou17themmorefrequently．Therefore，lovethepeoplewhotreatyourightandignoretheoneswhodon't．Lifeistenpercentwhatyoumakeitandninetypercenthowyou18it!Whenyoufollow“TheLawoftheGarbageTruck”,youtakebackcontrolofyourlife!Youmakeroomforthegoodby19goofthebad．Haveamarvelous，garbage-freeday!Theseedsyouplanttoday20theharvestyouwillreaptomorrow．1、A．enrich B．obtain C．spare D．ruin2、A．through B．to C．in D．for3、A．latter B．right C．opposite D．free4、A．window B．door C．brakes D．seat5、A．knocked B．overtook C．missed D．lost6、A．laughing B．throwing C．glancing D．yelling7、A．wondered B．ignored C．smiled D．guessed8、A．friendly B．angry C．tired D．disappointed9、A．expectation B．passengers C．garbage D．goods10、A．turns B．piles C．holds D．pushes11、A．roads B．children C．you D．dustbin12、A．upset B．happier C．pitiful D．frightened13、A．eontribute B．share C．explain D．spread14、A．surprise B．pleasure C．doubt D．regrets15、A．funny B．important C．strange D．embarrassing16、A．remember B．forget C．value D．appreciate17、A．recalI B．exchange C．enjoy D．imagine18、A．inspire B．take C．mend D．notice19、A．letting B．consisting C．making D．dreaming20、A．distinguish B．deserve C．deliver D．determineSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1WhenaskedaboutherchildhoodinthedocumentaryAliveInside,a90-year-oldwomanwithdementia(痴呆)replies,“I’veforgottensomuch.”FilmmakerMichaelRossatoBennettthenplaysmusicfromherpastforher.“That’sLouisArmstrong,”shesays.“He’ssingingWhentheSaintsGoMarchingInandittakesmebacktomyschooldays.”Shethenrecallsexactdetailsfromherlife.Whydoesithappen?Musictendstoaccompanyeventsthatarouseemotionsorotherwisemakestrongimpressionsonus—suchasweddingsandgraduations.Thesekindsofexperiencesformstrongmemories,andthemusicandmemorieslikelybecomeintertwined(紧密相连)inourneural(神经的)networks,accordingtoJuleneJohnson,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia.Movements,suchasdancing,alsooftenpairwithourexperienceofmusic,whichcanhelpformmemories.Evenmanyyearslater,hearingthemusiccanbringbackmemoriesoftheselong-pastevents.AsAliveInsideshows,musichasthispowerevenformanypeoplewithdementia.Researchersnotethatthebrainareasthatprocessandremembermusicaretypicallylessdamagedbydementiathanotherareas,andtheythinkitmayexplainthephenomenon.Theyalsopayattentiontoelderlypeoplewithdementia,especiallythoseinnursinghomes.“It’spossiblethatthoselong-termmemoriesarestillthere,“Johnsonsays,“butpeoplejusthaveahardertimeaccessingthembecausethey’reinastrangeplaceandthere’renotalotofcircumstancesinwhichsomeonecouldpulloutthosememories.”Johnsonalsonotesthatmusicisnotuniversallyusefulforallpeoplewithdementiasincetherearesomepeoplewithdementiawhosebrainareathatrecognizesmusicisdamaged.Despitemusic’sapparentbenefits,fewstudieshaveexploreditsinfluenceonmemoryrecallinpeoplewithdementia.“It’sreallyanuntappedarea,”Johnsonsays.PetrJanataisoneresearcherinvestigatingthetopicofmusicandmemory.Hesaysthatscientistsstilldonothavetheanswersforwhyandhowmusicreawakensmemoriesinpeoplewithdementia,butthisphenomenonisrealandit’sjustamatteroftimebeforeit’sfullyborneoutbyscientificresearch.1、WhathelpstheoldwomaninAliveInsiderecallherchildhood?A．Afilmshehaswatchedbefore.B．Asongshehaslistenedtobefore.C．Thevoiceofherchildhoodfriend.D．Thedescriptionofherschooldays.2、WhatbenefitofmusicisdiscussedinParagraph2?A．Ithelpsmakelastingmemories.B．Ithelpscurepatientsofdementia.C．Ithelpsarouseemotionsinspecialevents.D．Ithelpsrememberdancemovementseasily.3、AccordingtoJohnson,whatshouldwedoforelderlypeoplewithdementia?A．Sendthemtonursinghomesforgoodcare.B．Providefamiliarenvironmentsforthem.C．Playlotsofclassicalmusictothem.D．Talktothemabouttheirpast.4、Whatdoweknowaboutthestudyintomusicandmemoryrecallinpeoplewithdementia?A．ItiscriticizedbyPetrJanata.B．Itissupportedbysolidevidence.C．Itappliestoallpeoplewithdementia.D．Itisapioneeringstudy.Text2Theconceptofaworkingholidayisfairlysimple．Itisavacationwhichnormallylastsforseveralweeksorevenmonths，duringwhichyoudivideyourtimebetweenworkandrecreation．Thetypicalworkingholidayincludessomemanuallaborandsightseeing．Youcanusuallygetroomandboardinexchangeforafewhoursofwork．Forinstance，AustraliaandNewZealandencourageworkingholidaysbyofferingone-yearvisastopeoplebetweentheagesof18and30．Countriesallovertheworldofferthechancestoworkorvolunteerandliveinanewenvironment．Allyouneedisareturnticketandenoughcashtoliveon．Whilesomepeoplechoosetoworkinrestaurantsorhotels，othersmaydofruitpickingwhichisperhapsthemostpopulartypeofwork．Bepreparedforlongworkingdaysintheorchard，whichmaylastuptotenhoursaday．Ifyouarenotreadyforthis，amoreleisurelyjobwithshorterhoursispossible，butyouwillnotmakeasmuchmoney．Anotheroptionisvolunteeringinforeigncountries．Forexample，youcanworkwithdisabledchildreninBoliviaandpracticeyourSpanish，researchdolphinsandwhalesinItaly，orbuildschoolsinruraltownsinGhana．Aworkingholidayisagreatwaytobroadenyourhorizonssinceitgivesyouthechancetoexploreacountry，practiceanewlanguage，andmeetpeoplefromallovertheworld．Thesekindsofadventuressometimeshaveareallybigimpactonthosewhohaveexperiencedaworkingholiday．Theyoftensaythatitwasoneofthebestmemoriesoftheirlives．Beaware!Eventhoughsomeworkingvacationprogramspay，notallofthemdosometimesyouenduppayingtogoonworkingvacation．However，aworkingholidaycangetyouoffthebeatentrackandintospotstheaveragetourbuswouldnevergonear.1、Whatcanyougetinexchangeforafewhoursofwork?A．Recreationandmoney．B．Areturnticket．C．Freetransportation．D．Mealsandshelter．2、What’sthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theideaofaworkingholiday．B．Waystospendaworkingholiday．C．Greatplacesforaworkingholiday．D．Volunteeringinforeigncountries．3、Whatdoes“thebeatentrack”inthethirdparagraphreferto?A．Roadsinpoorcondition．B．Brokenrailwaytracks．C．Routestakenbymanytourists．D．Spotswhereyoumightgetbeaten．4、Whatdoesthewriterremindreaderstodointhelastparagraph?A．Checkwhatyoumustpayfor．B．Meetproperpeople．C．Bepreparedforadventures．D．Broadenyourhorizons．Text3FinlandisthehappiestplaceonEarth,accordingtothe2018WorldHappinessReportof156nations.Thereport,releasedWednesdaybytheUnitedNations’SustainableDevelopmentSolutionsNetwork,ranksthecountriesoftheworldbasedonsixdifferentcategoriesofwell-being:income,freedom,trust,lifeexpectancy,generosityandsocialsupport.Thisyear'sreportalsopaysspecialattentiontothehappinessofeachcountry’simmigrants.TheU.S.droppedfourspotsfrom2017andlandedin18thplace,andlastyear’swinner,Norway,cameinsecondplace—followedbyDenmark,IcelandandSwitzerland.“Thetopfivecountriesallhavealmostequallyhighvaluesforthesixfactorsfoundtosupporthappiness,andfourofthesecountries—Denmark,Switzerland,NorwayandnowFinland—havebeeninfirstplaceinthesixWorldHappinessReportrankingssincethefirstreport"in2012,”co-editorJohnHelliwelltoldCNN.“Inadivisionwithsuchexcellentteams,changesinthetopspotaretobeexpected."Roundingoutthetop10happiestcountrieswasCanadainsixthplace,thenNewZealand,SwedenandAustralia.Theorderofthetop10nationschangedfromthe2017listbutthecountriesdidnot,accordingtothereport.Theywerealso10ofthe11topspotsintheimmigranthappinesscategory(includingMexico—24thoverall,but10thinimmigration).“Themoststrikingfindingofthereportistheremarkableconsistencybetweenthehappinessofimmigrantsandthelocallyborn,”Helliwellsaidinastatement.“Althoughimmigrantscomefromcountrieswithverydifferentlevelsofhappiness,theirreportedlifeevaluationsresemblethoseofotherresidentsintheirnewcountries.Thosewhomovetohappiercountriesgain,whilethosewhomovetolesshappycountrieslose.”Othermajorworldpowersplacedinsignificantlylowspotsonthelist.Germanycamein15th,theUKwas19th—followedbyJapanin54thplace,Russiain59thandChinain86th.Thereport,basedonsurveyscompletedbycitizenvolunteers,camejustunderaweekbeforeWorldHappinessDayonMarch20,whentheUNdeclaredtorecognize“therelevanceofhappinessandwell-beingasuniversalgoalsandaspirationsinthelivesofhumanbeingsaroundtheworldandtheimportanceoftheirrecognitioninpublicpolicyobjectives”1、TheUSranked______in2017.A．14 B．10C．18 D．222、Whatisthemostsignificantfindingofthereport?A．Thatimmigrantsaredifferentfromresidentsinthecountry.B．Thatimmigrantscomefromcountrieswithdifferentlevelsofhappiness.C．Thatimmigrantsbecomehappywhentheyleavethecountry.D．Thatimmigrantsandlocalsfeelthesimilarlevelofhappiness.3、Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Happinessisnolessimportantthananyotheraspectinlife.B．People’shappinessandwell-beingshouldbeconsideredwhenitcomestopolicy-making.C．ThehappinessreportcameunderaweekbeforeWorldHappinessDay.D．WhattheUNdeclaredwasbeneficialtoallhumanbeings.4、Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．WorldHappinessDay. B．Happiness—foreverpursuit.C．What'syourhappinessindex(指数)? D．The2018WorldHappinessReport.Text4Askanyreaderswhotheirfavoritefictionalcharacterinanovelisandyou’lllikelygetadetailedexplanationaboutthebelovedcharacterthattheyadmire.Itmightevensoundlikethey’retalkingaboutapersontheyknow.Inastudy,researcherslookedatthebrainsofagroupofpeopleoverninedays.HalfofthegroupreadthenovelPompeii,andhalfdidn’t.Afterexamining,researchersfoundthereaders’brainsshowedheightenedconnectivity(连通性)insomeareas.Thisislikelybecausethebrainimaginesthemovementandemotionsofthecharactertheyreadaboutinthebook.Eventhoughtheparticipantswerethenaskednottoreadthenovel,theykeptthisheightenedconnectivity.Wecallthata“shadowactivity”,almostlikeamusclememory.Soevenafteryou’vefinishedabook,yourbrainkeepsthosebenefitsforsometimeafterwards.Ithasbeensuggestedthatpeoplewhoreadalotoffictionbecomemoreempathic(移情作用的),becausefictionisasimulation(模仿)ofsocialexperiences,inwhichpeoplepracticeandimprovetheirinterpersonalskills.Thepeoplewhonotonlyreadfiction,butfeltahighlevelof“emotionaltransportation”whilereading---ascomparedtopeoplewhoweren’ttakenbythestoryorwhoreadnon-fiction---displayedhigherlevelsofempathywhentested.Increaseofempathyisimportantforpeoplebecauseempathyispositivelyrelatedtocreativity,performanceatworkandcooperativebehaviors.Besides,readingimproves“TheoryofMind”.Itis“theabilitytounderstandthatothershavementalstatesthataredifferentfromone’sown.”Ofvariousactivities,readingnovelshasbeenfoundtoimprovethisability,whilewatchingtelevisionprogramsormovieshasbeenfoundtodojusttheopposite---areducedunderstandingofothersandweakercognitive(认知的)developmentoverall.Maybeweshouldputmoreofapriorityonnovel-reading.Andmanyreadersbelievethatreadinganovelisfarbetterandmoremeaningfulthanwatchinganymovie.AsDavidKiddoftheNewSchoolstudysaid,“Fictionisnotjustasimulatorofasocialexperience;itisasocialexperience.”1、WhatisimpliedintheParagraph2?A．Readingnovelsisjustawasteoftime.B．Readingnovelscanhelppeoplebecomehappy.C．Readingnovelsincreasesconnectivityinourbrain.D．Readingnovelshelpsenhanceourmemorygreatly.2、WhatdoweknowaboutnovelreadersfromParagraph3?A．Theytendtobeemotionalinsocialexperiences.B．Theyunderstandtheemotionsofpeoplebetter.C．Theyliketotalkabouttheirfavoritecharacters.D．Theyaremoresensitivetoeverything.3、What’stheeffectofwatchingTVormovies?A．Itdistinguishesyourviewsfromthoseofothers.B．Itcontributestoyourcognitivedevelopment.C．Itreducesyourempathyforothersalot.D．Itchangesyouroverallmentalstates.4、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“priority”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Preference. B．Authority.C．Exposure. D．Evaluation.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)语法填空Lastspring，FionaPresley，alibraryassistantfromScottishHighlandscameacrossasurprisingphenomenonshewouldneverforget．Whiletakingcareofhergarden，she1．(spot)abumblebee(大黄蜂)queencrawlingaround．Whatsurprisedhermostwasthattheanimalhadnowings，2．madeitunabletofly．Thebumblebeemayhavebeenaffectedbyavirusinwingdevelopment．Theinsecthadveryslim3．(chance)ofsurvival，butthiskind-heartedwomancametotherescue．Fionacreatedabeautifulminigardenforthehelplessanimalandtreatedit4．somesugarwater．Whenitwassunny．Fionatookitoutfor5．walkandprotectedtheinsectfromheavyrainbytakingitindoors．Soonenoughthebeautifulfriendshipunfoldedbetween6．(they)．EverytimeFionastoppedbythegarden，hertinynewfriendwouldturnup7．(greet)her．Thebeecuddled(依偎)withthewomanandseemedtolightupwhenFionawasholdingitinherhands．Theearthbumblebeeshaveanaveragelifespanofonly18weeks，

8．Fionawastakingcareofhernewfriendsowellthatitlivedmuchlonger．9．(sad)，thefriendshipcouldn’tlastforeversincethebeeeventuallypassedaway，10．

(leave)abeautifulmemorytoitsrescuer．课文语法填空ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia，noonereallyknowsHowever，______1．_____islikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsagoScientistsbelievethatthesefirstsettlers_____2．_____(cross)theBeringStraitintheArctictoAmerica_____3．______meansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimesInthe16thcentury，afterthe____4．_____(arrive)ofEuropeans，thenativepeoplesufferedgreatlyThousandswerekilledorforcedintoslavery_____5．______addition，manydiedfromthediseasesbroughtbyEuropeansHowever，somesurvivedtheseterribletimes，andtodaytherearemoreNativeAmericans______6．_____(live)inCaliforniathaninanyotherstateInthe18thcentury，CaliforniawasruledbySpainSpanishsoldiersfirstarrivedinSouthAmericaintheearly16thcentury，______7．______theyfoughtagainstthenativepeopleand____8．____(take)theirlandTwocenturieslater，theSpanishhadsettledinmostpartsofSouthAmericaandalongthenorthwestcoastofwhatwenowcalltheUnitedStatesof____9．____firstSpanishtogotoCalifornia，themajoritywerereligiousmen，_____10．_____ministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenativesSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)YourteenisfallingasleepinclassTeenshaveabusymorningscheduleastheyneedtowakeupandgetmovingveryearlyinordertocatchabusandgettoschoolbytherequiredtime.Thismeansteensneedtogettheirrestthenightbeforeortheywillbetootiredtolearnanythingatschool.1、Whenateenfallsasleepinclass,twothingshappen:he/shemisseswhatisbeingtaughtandhe/shelosestherespectoftheteacher.He/Shemayalsoreceiveaconsequencefromtheschool,dependingontheclassroomdisciplinepolicy.2、Topreventyourteenfrombeingsleepyinclass,trythesethreetips:*Setatimefor“lightsout”onschoolnights.Thisisneverbeanylaterthan10p.m.andpreferably9p.m.3、Softmusiccanbeonandusedtohelpcalmyourteen.*Helpyourteendevelopanighttimeroutinethatinvolvesactivitiesthatslowthemdownfortheendoftheday.4、Turningoffthecomputeranddisconnectingfromfriendsandtheexcitementofthedayanhourbeforebedtimewillalsohelpyourteenrelax.*5、Thiswillreinforce（增强）whatitfeelsliketoberestedandcapableofaccomplishingwhathe/shewants.A．What’sworse,theymayevenfallasleepinclass.B．Takingabathandreadingaretwoactivitiesthatworkwell.C．Setagoodexampleandshowhim/heryourloveforlearning.D．Pointoutthepositivesafteryourteenhashadagoodnight’srest.E.Allofthesethingsaffectyourteen’sacademicsuccessandcanbeavoided.F.“Lightsout”meansthecomputer,television,lightsandcellphoneshouldbeoff.G.Whileyourteenkeepshis/hergoalsinlinewithyourexpectations,he/shemayhavehis/herowngoals.FlashMob:ThePopCultureIfyouseeagroupofpeopledancingandsingingonthestreetorintherailwaystation,youdon’tneedtofeelsurprised.Theyareaflashmob.Whoarethey?Aretheymobs(暴民)?1、Actually,aflashmobisagroupofpeoplewhogathersuddenlyinapublicplace,dosomethingunusualforabriefperiodoftime,andthenquicklyseparate.AflashmobisusuallyorganizedwiththehelpoftheInternetorotherdigitalcommunicationsnetworks.2、Atapredeterminedtime,theygatherandperformsometaskssuchasexchangin