2022年10月自考00015英语二真题及答案含解析

英语（二）年月真题

00015202210

1、【单选题】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Itisbelievedthatminoritykids

oftenhaveself-esteemproblem.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：A

解析：根据文章第一段“Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,have

beeneducatedaccordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthat

thisdeficiencyiscentraltoanyproblems...”可知人们认为一代又一代的孩子，尤

其是少数民族的孩子，缺乏自尊心。因此题干说法正确，答案选A。

2、【单选题】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Anewresearchshowsthathigh

self-esteemisessentialtosuccess.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：B

解析：根据文章第二段“Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.”可知新的研究表明并不是自尊高的人成就比较大。因

此题干说法错误，答案选B。

3、【单选题】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Parentsareresponsiblefortheir

children'sself-esteem.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：C

解析：全文未提及父母，因此答案选C。

4、【单选题】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Anti-socialbehaviorisrelatedto

lowself-esteem.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：B

解析：根据文章第二段“Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengagein,far

moreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.”可知高自尊的人会比

低自尊的人做出更多的反社会行为。因此题干说法错误，答案选B。

5、【单选题】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Racistshavelowself-esteem.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：B

解析：根据文章第三段“Racists,streetthugsandschoolbulliesallhavehigh

scoresontheself-esteemtests.”可知种族主义者在自尊测试中有很高的分数。因此

题干说法错误，答案选B。

6、【单选题】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Peoplewithhighself-esteemare

hurtmoreeasily.

True

A:

False

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：A

解析：根据文章第三段“Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularly

offendedifotherpeopledon'ttreatyouthatway.”可知自尊心强的人会因为别人不

像想象中这样对待自己而感到非常生气。这题通过推理可知自尊心强的人更容易受到伤

害。因此题干说法正确，答案选A。

7、【单选题】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Collegestudentsarefacedwith

higheconomicpressure.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：C

解析：全文未提及经济压力，因此答案选C。

8、【单选题】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Collegeteachersareoftenannoyed

withstudents'highself-esteem.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：A

解析：根据文章第四段“Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthe

highself-esteemoftheirstudents.”可知大学老师经常抱怨学生自尊心太强。因此题

干说法正确，答案选A。

9、【单选题】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.Highgradeshelpstudentsknowthe

truthofthemselves.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：B

解析：根据文章第五段“Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,

makethekidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,the

kidcandevelopself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.”可知高分并不能

帮助学生了解真正的自己。因此题干说法错误，答案选B。

10、【单选题】LackinginSelf-Esteem(自尊)？Goodforyou!Accordingto

psychologicalandeducationaltheories,self-esteemisessentialforasuccessful

life.Generationsofchildren,especiallyminoritykids,havebeeneducated

accordingtothetheory(thattheylackself-esteem),andthatthisdeficiencyis

centraltoanyproblems(theymayhaveinmakingtheirwayintheworld).

Well,guesswhat?Anewresearchhasfoundthatself-esteemcanbejustas

highamonggradeDstudentsanddrunkdriversasitisamongNobelPrize

winnersandformerpresidents.Infact,peoplewithhighself-esteemcanengage

in,farmoreanti-socialbehaviorthanthosewithlowself-esteem.“Weusedto

believethathighself-esteemwouldcauseallsortsofpositiveconsequencesand

thatifweraisedself-esteem,peoplewoulddobetterinlife,”aresearcher

said.“Mostly,thedatahavefailedtosupportthat."Racists,streetthugsand

schoolbulliesallhavehighscoresontheself-esteemtests.Andyoucansee

why.Ifyouthinkyou'rehighlygifted,you'reparticularlyoffendedifotherpeople

don'ttreatyouthatway.Soyouhitoutorcommitcrimestodefendyour

pride.Afterall,whoaretheytosuggestthatyoucouldbedoingsomething

wrong?Whatdotheyknow?Self-esteemcanalsobeaneducational

concern.Collegeteachersareconstantlycomplainingaboutthehighself-esteemof

theirstudents.Wheneverygradeintheschoolisassessedsoasto,makethe

kidfeelgoodratherthantogiveanaccuratemeasureofhiswork,thekidcan

developself-esteemdangerouslyunrelatedtothetruth.Whenhe'stoldheis

gettingaCgradeincollege,hecanthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremely

angry.Weakprofessorsgiveintothepressure-hence,gradeinflation,whichresults

intheirstudents'vaguetouchwithreality.SomecollegestudentsmayfindaC

gradeoffending.

True

False

A:

NotGiven

B:

答C:案：A

解析：根据文章第五段“Whenhe'stoldheisgettingaCgradeincollege,he

canthengetdeeplyoffendedorextremelyangry.”可知当学生知道自己的大学成绩是

C时，他会感到深深的冒犯或极度愤怒。因此题干说法正确，答案选A。

11、【单选题】OrganicFarmingDuringthousandsofyearsofhuman

civilization,theraisingofanimalsandgrowingofplantshavealwaysbeen

organic.Chemicalsforfarmingfirstcameupattheturnofthe20th

century.WidespreaduseofchemicalsbeganafterWorldWarII.Inthe1950sand60s

farmersstartedusingchemicalfertilizersandpesticides(杀虫

剂).Recently,however,moreandmorefarmershavebeenreturningtoorganicfarming.

Inorganicfarming,farmproductsareproducedinmorenaturalways.Crops,meatand

otherfoodareproducedwithoutchemicals.Chemicalfertilizers,pesticides,and

growthhormones(激素)areforbidden.Farmersenrichthesoilwithnatural

fertilizers.Theypulloutweedsbyhand.Hayandstrawareputbetweentherowsof

plantstostopweeding.Theyrelyonthenaturalenemiesofpeststocontrol

pests.Animalsarefedorganicallyandcaneatgrassoutdoors.Cows,forexample,are

keptinpastures(操场)andfields.Vegetablesandfruitarealsoproducedwith

organicmethods.Organicfarmingenjoysmanyadvantages.Forexample,crop

rotationcanpreservethegoodqualitiesofsoils.Thegrowingofdifferentcrops

cankeepsoilshealthyandfertile.Organicfarmingishealthierforfarm

workers,andtherearefewerremainsofchemicalsinfood.Inthelongrun,organic

farmssaveenergyandprotecttheenvironment.Itcanslowdownglobalwarmingand

reducethepollutionofgroundwater.Meanwhile,therearesome

disadvantages.Organicfoodismoreexpensive.Organicproductsmaycostupto

40%more.Productioncostsarehigherasfarmersneedmoreworkers,andtheland

outputismuchless.Marketinganddistributionisnotefficientbecauseorganic

foodisprovidedinsmalleramount.Cropillnessmayhappenvery

often.Besides,organicfarmingcannotproduceenoughfoodfortheworld's

populationtosurvive.Thiscouldleadtostarvationincountriesthatcanproduce

enoughfoodtoday.Organicfarming____.

startedinthe1950s

hadashorthistory

A:

hasbecomepopularinrecentyears

B:

waspromotedbyWorldWarII

C:

答D:案：C

解析：根据文章第一段“Recently,however,moreandmorefarmershavebeen

returningtoorganicfarming.”可知最近越来越多的农民已经回到有机农业，也就是有

机农业近几年变得受欢迎。因此答案选C。

12、【单选题】OrganicFarmingDuringthousandsofyearsofhuman

civilization,theraisingofanimalsandgrowingofplantshavealwaysbeen

organic.Chemicalsforfarmingfirstcameupattheturnofthe20th

century.WidespreaduseofchemicalsbeganafterWorldWarII.Inthe1950sand60s

farmersstartedusingchemicalfertilizersandpesticides(杀虫

剂).Recently,however,moreandmorefarmershavebeenreturningtoorganicfarming.

Inorganicfarming,farmproductsareproducedinmorenaturalways.Crops,meatand

otherfoodareproducedwithoutchemicals.Chemicalfertilizers,pesticides,and

growthhormones(激素)areforbidden.Farmersenrichthesoilwithnatural

fertilizers.Theypulloutweedsbyhand.Hayandstrawareputbetweentherowsof

plantstostopweeding.Theyrelyonthenaturalenemiesofpeststocontrol

pests.Animalsarefedorganicallyandcaneatgrassoutdoors.Cows,forexample,are

keptinpastures(操场)andfields.Vegetablesandfruitarealsoproducedwith

organicmethods.Organicfarmingenjoysmanyadvantages.Forexample,crop

rotationcanpreservethegoodqualitiesofsoils.Thegrowingofdifferentcrops

cankeepsoilshealthyandfertile.Organicfarmingishealthierforfarm

workers,andtherearefewerremainsofchemicalsinfood.Inthelongrun,organic

farmssaveenergyandprotecttheenvironment.Itcanslowdownglobalwarmingand

reducethepollutionofgroundwater.Meanwhile,therearesome

disadvantages.Organicfoodismoreexpensive.Organicproductsmaycostupto

40%more.Productioncostsarehigherasfarmersneedmoreworkers,andtheland

outputismuchless.Marketinganddistributionisnotefficientbecauseorganic

foodisprovidedinsmalleramount.Cropillnessmayhappenvery

often.Besides,organicfarmingcannotproduceenoughfoodfortheworld's

populationtosurvive.Thiscouldleadtostarvationincountriesthatcanproduce

enoughfoodtoday.Inorganicfarming_____.

cowscanmovearoundinfields

naturalenemiesofpestsarescarce

A:

chemicalsareusedtokillpests

B:

machinesareusedtopulloutweeds

C:

答D:案：A

解析：本题用排除法，文章第二段讲到有机农业的生产方式，表明食品的生产不使用化学

物质，而是使用天然肥料。农民用手拔杂草，并且是依靠害虫的天敌来控制害虫，因而害

虫的天敌数量不应该是缺乏的，根据以上内容排除B、C、D选项。第二段“Cows,for

example,arekeptinpasturesandfields.（例如，牛被养在牧场和田野里。）”符

合A选项说法，因此答案选A。

13、【单选题】OrganicFarmingDuringthousandsofyearsofhuma

civilization,theraisingofanimalsandgrowingofplantshavealwaysbeen

organic.Chemicalsforfarmingfirstcameupattheturnofthe20th

century.WidespreaduseofchemicalsbeganafterWorldWarII.Inthe1950sand60s

farmersstartedusingchemicalfertilizersandpesticides(杀虫

剂).Recently,however,moreandmorefarmershavebeenreturningtoorganicfarming.

Inorganicfarming,farmproductsareproducedinmorenaturalways.Crops,meatand

otherfoodareproducedwithoutchemicals.Chemicalfertilizers,pesticides,and

growthhormones(激素)areforbidden.Farmersenrichthesoilwithnatural

fertilizers.Theypulloutweedsbyhand.Hayandstrawareputbetweentherowsof

plantstostopweeding.Theyrelyonthenaturalenemiesofpeststocontrol

pests.Animalsarefedorganicallyandcaneatgrassoutdoors.Cows,forexample,are

keptinpastures(操场)andfields.Vegetablesandfruitarealsoproducedwith

organicmethods.Organicfarmingenjoysmanyadvantages.Forexample,crop

rotationcanpreservethegoodqualitiesofsoils.Thegrowingofdifferentcrops

cankeepsoilshealthyandfertile.Organicfarmingishealthierforfarm

workers,andtherearefewerremainsofchemicalsinfood.Inthelongrun,organic

farmssaveenergyandprotecttheenvironment.Itcanslowdownglobalwarmingand

reducethepollutionofgroundwater.Meanwhile,therearesome

disadvantages.Organicfoodismoreexpensive.Organicproductsmaycostupto

40%more.Productioncostsarehigherasfarmersneedmoreworkers,andtheland

outputismuchless.Marketingandd