2013年12月英语六级真题及答案

2013年12月英语六级真题及答案PartIWriting(30minutes)作文一：大学快要毕业了，需要找工作，写一封求职信说明申请工作的原因和自己能胜任的理由。作文二：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayabouttheimpactofinformationexplosionbyreferringtothesaying"awealthofinformationcreatesapovertyofattention".Youcanciteexamplestoillustrateyourpointandthenexplainwhatyoucandotoavoidbeingdistractedbyirrelevantinformation?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.作文三：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayonhappinessbyreferringtothesaying”Happinessisnottheabsenceofprobems”,buttheabilitytodealwiththem.”Youcanciteexamplestoillustrateyourpointandthenexplainhowyoucandevelopyourabilitytodealwithproblemandbehappy.youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicemarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。1.A）Laborproblems.C)Anerrorintheorder.B)Weatherconditions.D)Misplacingofgoods.2.A)Whatthewomansaysmakesalotofsense.B)Therichareopposedtosocialwelfare.C)Heissympatheticwithpoorpeople.D)HeagreeswithMr.Johnso’sviews.3.A）Hewillbepracticingsoccer.C)Hewillbeattendingameeting.B)Hehasworktofinishintime.D)Hehasatoughproblemtosolve.4.A）Maryshouldgetridofherpetassoonaspossible.B)Marywillnotbeabletokeepadoginthebuilding.C)Maryisnothappywiththebanonpetanimals.D)Marymightaswellsendherdogtoherrelative.5.A)Thetwins’voicesarequitedifferent.B)LisaandGalearenotverymuchalike.C)Hedoesnotbelievetheyaretwinsisters.D)Thewomanseemsabithardofhearing.6.A)TheseriouseconomiccrisisinBritain.B)ApackagedealtobesignedinNovember.C)Amessagefromtheirbusinessaccociates.D)Theirabilitytodealwithfinancialproblems.7.A)Itisimpossibletoremovethestaincompletely.B)Themanwillbechargedextrafortheservice.C)Themanhastogotothemaincleaningfacility.D)Cleaningthepantswilltakelongerthanusual.8.A)Europeanmarkets.C)Luxurygoods.B)Aprotestrally.D)Importedproducts.Questions9to12arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.A)Hemadeabusinesstrip.C)Hetalkedtoheronthephone.B)HehadaquarrelwithMarsha.D)Heresolvedabudgetproblem.10.A)Shemayhavetobefiredforpoorperformance.B)Shehasdevelopedsomeseriousmentalproblem.C)Sheisinchargeofthefirm’sbudgetplanning.D)Shesupervisesanumberofimportantprojects.11.A)Shefailedtoarriveattheairportontime.B)Davidpromisedtogoonthetripinherplace.C)Somethingunexpectedhappenedatherhome.D)Shewasnotfeelingherselfonthatday.12.A)Hefrequentlygetsthingsmixedup.B)HeisalwaysfindingfaultwithMarsha.C)HehasbeentryinghardtocoverforMarsha.D)Heoftenfailstofollowthroughonhisprojects.Questions13to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.13.A)Theyarebettershelteredfromalltheoutsidetemptations.B)Theyareusuallymoremotivatedtocompetewiththeirpeers.C)Theyhavemoreopportunitiestodeveloptheirleadershipskills.D)Theytakeanactivepartinmoreextracurricularactivities.14.A)Itschiefpositionsareheldbywomen.B)Itsteachingstaffconsistsofwomenonly.C)Itsstudentsaimatmanagerialposts.D)Itsstudentsarerolemodelsofwomen.15.A)Itisunderadequatecontrol.B)Itistraditionalbutcolourful.C)Theyaremoreorlessisolatedfromtheoutsideworld.D)Theyhaveampleopportunitiestomeettheoppositesex.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestions16to19arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard16.A.ByinvadingthepersonalspaceoflistenersB.BYmakinggesturesatstraiegicpointsC.BYspeakinginadeep,loudvoiceD.BYspeakingwiththelocalaccent17.A.TopromotesportsmanshipamongbusinessownersB.ToencouragepeopletosupportlocalsportsgroupsC.ToraisemoneyforaforthcominglocalsportseventD.Toshowhisfamily’Scontributiontothecommunity18.A.TheyareknowntobethestyleofthesportsworldB.TheywouldcertainlyappealtohisaudienceC.TheyrepresentthelatestfashioninthebusinesscirclesD.Theyarebelievedtocommunicatepowerandinfluence19.A.TocoveruphisownnervousnessB.TocreateawarmpersonalatmosphereC.ToenhancetheeffectofbackgroundmusicD.ToallowtheaudiencetobetterenjoyhisslidesPassageTwoQuestions20to22arebasedonpassageyouhavejustheard.20.A.Shewasthefirsteducatedslaveofjohnwheatley’sB.ShewasthegreatestfemalepoetincolonialAmericeC.ShewasbornaboutthetimedfthewarofindependenceD.ShewasthefirstAfrican-Americanslavetopublishabook21.A.ReviseitanumberoftimesB.ObtainconsentfromherownerC.GothroughascholarlyexaminationD.Turntothecolonialgovernorforhelp22.A.LiteraryworkscallingfortheabolitionofslaveryB.ReligiousscriptspopularamongslavesinAmericaC.ArichstockofmanuscriptsleftbyhistoricalfiguresD.LotsoflostworkswrittenbyAfrican-AmericanwomenPassage323.A)itisatraitofgenerouscharacterB)itisareflectionofself-esteemC)itisanindicatorofhighintelligenceD)itisasignofhappinessandconfidence24A)itwasself-defeatingB)itwasaggressiveC)itwastheessenceofcomedyD)itwassomethingadmirable25)A)itisadouble-edgedswordB)itisafeatureofagivencultureC)itisauniquegiftofhumanbeingsD)itisaresultofbothnatureandnurtureSectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Itisimportantthatwebemindfuloftheearth,theplanetoutofwhichwearebornandbywhichwearenourished,guided,healed-theplanet,however,whichwehave(26)_____toaconsiderabledegreeinthesepasttwocenturiesof(27)_____exploitation,thisexploitationhasreachedsuceh(28)_________thatpresentlyitappearsthatsomehundredsofthousandsofsepecieswillbe(29)______beforetheendofthecentury.Inourtimes,humanshrewdnesshasmasteredthedeep(30)________oftheearthatalevelfarbeyondthecapatitiesofearlierpeoples,wecanbreakthemountainsapart,wecandraintheriversandfloodthevalleys,wecanturnthemostluxuriantforestsintothrowawaypaperproducts,wecan(31)_________thegreatgrasscoverofthewestemplainsandpour(32)______chemicalsintothesoiluntilthesoilisdeadandblowsawayinthewind,Wecnpollutetheairwhithacids,theriverwithsewage(污水),theseaswithoil.Wecaninventcomputers(33)______processingtenmillioncalculationspersecond.Andwhy?Toincreasethevolumeandthdwasteheap,ourmanagerialskillsaremeasuredbythecompetence(34)____inacceleratingthisprocess.Ifintheseactivitiesthephysicalfeaturesoftheplanetaredamaged,iftheenvironmentismadeinhospitablefor(35)_______livingspecies,thensobeit,Weare,supposedly,creatingatechnoligicalwondreworld.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Quiteoften,educatorstellfamiliesofchildrenwhoarelearningEnglishasasecondlanguagetospeakonlyEnglish,andnottheirnativelanguage,athome.Althoughtheseeducatorsmayhavegood(36)__________intentions,theiradvicetofamiliesismisguided,andit(37)__________stemsfrommisunderstandingsabouttheprocessoflanguageacquisition.Educatorsmayfearthatchildrenhearingtwolanguageswillbecome(38)__________permanentlyconfusedandthustheirlanguagedevelopmentwillbe(39)__________delayed;thisconcernisnotdocumentedintheliterature.Childrenarecapableoflearningmorethanonelanguage,whether(40)__________simultaneouslyorsequentially(依次地).Infact,mostchildrenoutsideoftheUnitedStatesareexpectedtobecomebilingualoreven,inmanycases,multilingual.Globally,knowingmorethanonelanguageisviewedasan(41)__________assetandevenanecessityinmanyareas。ItisalsoofconcernthatthemisguidedadvicethatstudentsshouldspeakonlyEnglishisgivenprimarilytopoorfamilieswithlimitededucationalopportunities,nottowealthierfamilieswhohavemanyeducationaladvantages.Sincechildrenfrompoorfamiliesoftenare(42)__________identifiedasat-riskforacademicfailure,teachersbelievethatadvisingfamiliestospeakEnglishonlyisappropriate.Teachersconsiderlearningtwolanguagestobetoo(43)__________overwhelmingforchildrenfrompoorfamilies,believingthatthechildrenarealreadyburdenedbytheirhomesituations。IffamiliesdonotknowEnglishorhavelimitedEnglishskillsthemselves,howcantheycommunicateinEnglish?Advisingnon-English-speakingfamiliestospeakonlyEnglishis(44)__________equivalenttotellingthemnottocommunicatewithorinteractwiththeirchildren.Moreover,the(45)__________underlyingmessageisthatthefamily'snativelanguageisnotimportantorvalued。A)AssetI)permanentlyB)Delayedj)prevalentC)Deviatesk)simultaneouslyD)EquivalentL)stemsE)IdentifiedM)successivelyF)IntentionsN)underlyingG)ObjectO)visualizingH)overwhelmingsectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewihetenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Idetifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheUsesofDifficultyThebrainlikesachallenge-andputtingafewobstaclesinitswaymaywellboostitscreativity.A)jackwhite,theformerfrontmanofthewhitestripeandaninfluentialfigureamongfellowmusicians,likestomakethingsdifficultforhimself.Heusescheapguitarsthatwon'tstayinshapeorintune.Whenperforming,hepositionshisinstrumentsinawaythatisdeliberatelyinconvenient,sothatswichingfromguitartoorganmid-songinvolvesawaythatisdeliberatelyinconvenient,sothatswitchingfromguitartoorganmid-songinvolvesamaddashacrossthestage.Why?Becausehe'sontherunfromwhathedescribesasadiseasethatpreysoneveryartist:"easeofuse".Whenmakingmusicgetstooeasy,sayswhite,itbecomeshardertomakeitsing.B)It'sanoddthought.Whywouldanyonemaketheirworkmoredifficultthanitalreadyis?Yetweknowthatdifficultycanpayunexpecteddividends.In1966,soonaftertheBeatleshadfinishedworkon"RubberSoul",PaulMcCartneylookedintothepossibilityofgoingtoAmericatorecordtheirnextalbum.TheequipmentinAmericanstudioswasmoreadvacedthananythinginBritain,whichhadledtheBeatles'greatrivals,theRollingStones,tomaketheirlatestalbum,"Aftermath",inLosAngles.McCartneyfoundthatEMI's(百代唱片)contractualclausesmadeitprohibitivelyexpensivetofollowsuit,andtheBeatleshadtomakedowiththeprimitivetechnologyofAbbeyRoad.C)Luckyforus.Overthenexttwoyearstheymadetheirmostgroundbreakingwork.tumingtherecordingstudiointoamagicalinstrumentofitsown.Preciselybecausetheywereworkingwithold-fashionedmachines,GeorgeMartinofitsown.Preciselybecausetheywereworingwithold-fashioedmachines,GeorgeMartinandhisteamofengineerswereforcedtoapplyeveryouceoftheircreativitytosolvetheproblemsposedtothembyLennonandMcCartney.Songslike"TomrrowNeverKnows","StrawberryFieldsForever",and"ADayintheLife"featuredrevolutionarysoundeffectssthatdazzledandmystifiedMartin'sAmericancounterparts.D)sometimesit'sonlywhenadifficultyisremovedthatwerealisewhatitwasdoingforus.ForMorethantwodecades,startinginthe1960s,thepoetTedHughessatonthejudgingpanelofanannualpoetrycompetitionforBritishschoolchiildren.Duringthe1980shenoticedanincreasingnumberoflongpoemsamongthesubmissions,withsomerunningto70or80pages.Thesepoemswerverballyinventiveandfluent,butalso"strangelyboring",AftermakinginquiriesHughesdiscoveredthattheywerebeingcomposedoncomputer,thenjustfindingtheirwayintoBritishhomes.E)Youmighthavethoughtanytoolwhichenablesawritertogetwordsontothepagewouldbeanadvantage.Buttheremaybeacosttosuchfacility.InaninterviewwiththeParisReviewHughesspeculatedthatwhenapersonputspentopaper,"youmeettheterribleresistanceofwhathappenedyourfirstyearatit,whenyoucouldn'twriteatall".Asthebrainattemptstoforcetheunsteadyhandtodoitsbidding,thetensionbetweenthetworesultsinamorecompressed,psychologicallydenserexpression.Removethatresistanceandyouaremorelikelytoproducea70ramble(不着边际的长篇大论).F)Ourbrainsrespondbettertodifficultythanweimagine,Inschools,teachersandpupilsalikeoftenassumethatifaconcepthasbeeneasytolearn,thenthelessonhasbeensuccessful.Butnumerousstudieshavenowfoundthatwhenclassroommaterialismadehardertoabsorb,pupilsretainmoreofitoverthelongterm,andundersanditonadeeperlevel.G)Asapoet,TedHugheshadanacutesensitivitytothewayinwhichconstraintsonself-expression.likethedisciplinesofmetrerhyme(韵律)，spurcreativetheought.Whatappliestopoetsandmusiciansalsoappliestoourdailylives,Wetendtoequate(等同)happinesswithfreedom,butasthepsyhotherapistandwriterAdamPhillipshasobserved,withoutobstaclestoourdesiresit'shardertoknowwewant,orwherewe'reheading.Hetellsthestoryofapatient,afirst-timemotherwhocomplainedthatheryoungsonwaralwaysclingingtoher,wrappinghimselfaroundherlegswherevershewent.sheneverhadamomenttoherself,shesaid,becausehersonwas"alwaysintheway".whenphillipsaskedherwhereshewouldgoifhewasn'tintheway,sherepliedcheerfully."Oh,Iwouldn'tknowwhereIwas!"H)Takeanothercommonobstacle:lackofmoney.Peopleoftenassumethatmoremoneywillmakethemhappier.Buteconomistswhostudytherelationshipbetweenmoneyandhappinesshaveconsistentlyfoundthat,aboveacertainincome,thetwodonotreliablycorrelate,Despitetheeasewithwhichtherichcanacquirealmostanythingtheydesire,theyarejustaslikelytobeunhappyasthemiddleclasses.Inthisregardaleast,F.ScottFitzgeraldwaswrong.I)Indeed,easeofacquisitionistheproblem,ThenovelistEdwardStAubynhasanarratorremarkoftheveryrichthat,"nothavingtoconsideraffordability,theirdesiresrambledonlikeunstoppablebores,relentless(持续不断的)andwhicsical(反覆无常的)atthesametime"WhenBostonCollege,aprivateresearchuniversity,wantedabetterfeelforitspotentialdonors,itaskedthepsychologistRobertKennytoinverstigatethemindsetofthesuper-rich.Hesurveyed165households,mostofwhichhadanetworthof$25mormore.hefoundthatmanyofhissubjectswereconfusedbytheinfinitepotionstheirmoneypresentedthemwith.Theyfoundithardtoknowwhattowant,creatingakindofexistentialbafflement.Oneofthemputitlikethis:“Youknow,Bob,youcanjustbuysomuchstuff,andwhenyougettothepointwhereyoucanjustbuysomuchstuff,nowwhatareyougoingtodo?”J)Theinternetmakesinformationbillionairesoutofallofus,andthearchitectsofouronlineexperiencesarecatchingontotheneedtomakethingscreativelydifficult.Twitter’shugesuccessisrootedinthesimplebutprofoundinsightthatinamediumwithinfinitespaceforself-expression,themostinterestingthingwecandoisrestrictourselvesto140characters.ThemusicserviceThisIsMyJamhelpspeoplenavigatethetensofmillionsoftracksnowavailableinstantlyviaSpotifyandiTunes.Userspicktheirfavouritesongoftheweektosharewithothers.Theyonlygettochooseone.TheservicewasonlylaunchedthisyearbutbytheendofSeptember650,000jamshadbeenchosen,Itsco-founderMattOgleexplainsitsraisondetre(存在的理由)likethis:”Inanageofendlesschoice,weweremissingawaytosay:’This.Thisistheoneyoushouldlistento’”K)Today’sworldoffersmoreopportunitythanevertofollowtheadviceoftheWalkerBrothersandmakeiteasyonourselves.Comparedwithahundredyearsago,ourlivesarelesstightlyboundbysocialnormsandphysicalconstraints.Technologyhascutoutmuchoflife’sdonkeywork,andwehavemorefreedomsthanever.Wecanwearwhatwelikeandcommunicatewithhundredsoffriendsatonceattheclickofamouse.Obstaclesareeverywheredisappearing.Fewofuswishtoturntheclockback,butperhapsweneedtoremindourselveshowusefultherightobstaclescanbe.Sometimes,thebestroutetofulfillmentisthepathofmoreresistance.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答46.Therigorousrequirementsplacedonthewritingofpoetrystimulatethepoet’screativity.47.Withcreativity,evenold-fashionedinstrumentsmayproducespectacularsoundeffects.48.Itisafalseassumptionthatlessonsshouldbemadeeasiertolearn.49.Itisafalseassumptionthatlessonsshouldbemadeeasiertolearn.50.Obstaclesdeliberatelyplacedinthecreationofmusiccontributetoitssuccess.51.Thosewhoenjoytotalfreedommaynotfindthemselveshappy.52.TedHughesdiscoveredmanylongpoemssubmittedforpoetrycompetitionwerecomposedoncomputers.53.Maybeweneedtobearinmindthattherightobstacleshelpleadustogreaterachievements.54.Aninvestigationfoundthatmanyofthesuper-richwerebaffledbytheinfinitechoicestheirmoneymadeavailable.55.Onefreesocialnetworkingwebsiteturnedouttobesuccessfulbecauseitlimitedeachpastingtoonehundredandfortycharacters.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TherewasatimenolongagowhennewsciencePh.D.sintheUnitedStateswereexpectedtopursueacareerpathinacademia(学术界).Buttoday,mostgraduatesendupworkingoutsideacademia.notonlyinindustrybutalsoincareerssuchassciencepolicy,communications,andpatentlaw.Partlythisisaresultofhowbleaktheacademicjobmarketis,butthere’salsoarisingawarenessofcareeroptionsthatPh.D.scientistshaven’ttrainedfordirectly-butforwhichtheyhaveusefulknowledge,skills,andexperience.Still,there’sahugedisconnectbetweenthewaywecurrentlytrainscientistsandtheactualemploymentopportunitiesavailableforthem,andanurgentneedfordramaticimprovementsintrainingprogramstohelpclosethegap.OnecriticalstepthatcouldhelptodrivechangewouldbetorequirePh.D.studentsandpostdoctoralscientiststofollowanindividualdevelopmentplan(IDP).In2002,theU.SFederationofAmericanSocietiesforExperimentalBiologyrecommendedthateverypostdoctoralresearcherputtogetheranIDPinconsultationwithanadviser.Sincethen,severalacademicinstitutionshavebeguntorequireIDPsforpostdocs.AndinJune,theU.S.Na-tionalInstitutesofHealth(NIH)BiomedicalResearchWorkforceWorkingGrouprecommendedthattheNIHrequireIDPsfortheapproximately32,000postdoctoralresearcherstheysupport,Otherfundingagencies,publicandprivate,aremovinginasimilardirection.IDPshavelongbeenusedbygovernmentagenciesandtheprivatesectortoachievespecificgoalsfortheemployeeandtheorganization.Theaimistoensurethatemployeeshaveanexplicittooltohelpthemunderstandtheirownabilitiesandaspirations,determinecareerpossibilities,andset(usuallyshort-term)goals.Inscience,graduatestudentsandnewPh.D.scientistscanuseanIDPtoidentifyandnavigateaneffectivecareerpath.AfreeWebapplicationforthispurpose,calledmyIDP,hasbecomeavailablethisweek.It’sdesignedtoguidecarly-careerscientiststhroughaconfidential.rigorousprocessofintrospection(内省)tocreateacustomizedcareerplan.Guidedbyexpertknowledgefromapanelofsciencefocusedcareeradvisers,eachtrainee’sself-assessmentisusedtorankasetofcareertrajectories(轨迹).Aftertheuserhasidentifiedalong-termcareergoal,myIDPwalksherorhimthroughtheprocessofsettingshort-termgoalsdirectedlowardaccumulatingnewskillsandexperiencesimportantforthatcareerchoice.AlthoughsurverysrevealtheIDPprocesstobeuseful.Traineesreportaneedforadditionalresourcestohelpthemidentifyalong-termcareerpathandcompleteanIDP.Thus,myIDPwillbemosteffectivewhenit’sembeddedinlargercareer-developmentefforts.Forexample,universitiescouldincorporateIDPsintotheirgraduatecurriculatohelpstudentsdiscuss,plan,preparefor,andachievetheirlong-termcareergoals.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答.56.WhatdowelearnaboutnewsciencePh.D.sintheUnitedStatestoday?A)Theylacktheskillsandexpertiseneededfortheirjobs.B)Theycanchoosefromawiderrangeofwell-payingjobs.C)TheyoftenhavetoseekjobsoutsidetheacademiccircleD)Theyareregardedasthenation’sdrivingforceofchange57.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutAmerica’sPh.D.training?A)Itshouldbeimprovedtobettersuitthejobmarket.B)Itiscloselylinkedtofuturecareerrequirements.C)Itshouldbere-orientedtocareersoutsideacademia.D)Itincludesagreatvarietyofpracticalcourses.58.WhatwasrecommendedforPh.D.sandpostdoctoralresearchers?A)Theymeettheurgentneedsofthecorporateworld.B)Along-termcareergoalbesetasearlyaspossible.C)AnIDPbemadeinconsultationwithanadviser.D)Theyacquireanexplicittooltohelpobtainjobs.59.GovernmentagenciesandtheprivatesectoroftenuseIDPsto_________.A)bringintofullplaytheskillsandexpertiseoftheirpostdoctoralresearchersB)helpemployeesmakethebestuseoftheirabilitiestoachievetheircareergoalsC)placeemployeesinthemostappropriatepositionsD)hirethemostsuitablecandidatestoworkforthem60.WhatdoweknowaboutmyIDP?A)Itisaneffectivetoolofself-assessmentandintrospectionforbettercareerplans.B)Itenablespeopletolookintovariouspossibilitiesandchoosethecareertheylove.C)Itpromisealong-termcareerpath.D)ItispartofthegraduatecurriculaPassageTwoQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Justoveradecadeintothe21stcentury,women’sprogresscanbecelebratedacrossarangeoffields.TheyholdthehighestpoliticalofficesfromThailandtoBrazil,CostaRicatoAustralia.AwomanholdsthetopspotattheInternationalMonetaryFund;anotherwontheNobelPrizeineconomics.Self-madebillionairesinBeijing,techinnovatorsinSiliconValley,pioneeringjusticesinGhana-intheseandcountlessotherareas,womenareleavingtheirmark.Butholdtheapplause.InSaudiArabia,womenaren’tallowedtodrive.InPakistan.1,000womendieinhonorkillingseveryyear.Inthedevelopedworld,womenlagbehindmeninpayandpoliticalpower.ThepovertyrateamongwomenintheU.S.roseto14.5%lastyear.Tomeasurethestateofwomen’sprogress,Newsweekranked165countries,lookingatfiveareasthataffectwomen’slives:treatmentunderthelaw,workforceparticipation,politicalpower,andaccesstoeducationandhealthcare.AnalyzingdatafromtheUnitedNationsandtheWorldEconomicForum,amongothers,andconsultingwithexpertsandacademics,wemeasured28factorstocomeupwithourrankings.CountieswiththehighestscorestendtobeclusteredintheWest,wheregenderdiscriminationisagainstthelaw,andequalrightsareconstitutionallyenshrined(神圣化).Butthereweresomesurprise.Someotherwisehigh-rankingcountrieshadrelativelylowscoresforpoliticalrepresentation.Canadarankedthirdoverallbut26thinpower,behindcountriessuchasCubaandBurundi.Doesthissuggestthatawomaninanation’stopofficetranslatestobetterlivesforwomeningencral?Notexactly.“Tryingtoquantifyormeasuretheimpactofwomeninpoliticsishardbecauseinveryfewcountrieshavetherebeenenoughwomeninpoliticstomakeadifference.”SaysAnne-MarieGoetz,peaceandsecurityadviserforU.N.Women.Ofcourse,noindexcanaccountforeverything.Declaringthatonecountryisbetterthananotherinthewaythatittreatsmorethanhalfitscitizensmeansrelyingonbroadstrokesandgeneralities.Somethingssimplycan’tbemeasured.Andcross-culturalcomparisonscan’taccountfordifferencesofopinion.Certainconclusionsarenonethelessclear.Foronething,ourindexbacksupasimplebutprofoundstatementmadebyHillaryClintonattherecentAsia-PacificEconomicCooperationsummit.“Whenweliberatetheeconomicpotentialofwomen.Weelevatetheeconomicperformanceofcommunities,nations,andtheworld,”shesaid,”There’sastimulativeeffectthatkicksinwhenwomenhavegreateraccesstojobsandtheeconomiclivesofourcountries:Greaterpo