2023届高考英语阅读理解九日常生活类

(9)日常生活类

ManyAfricanpeoplehavealwaysdreamedthatonedaythecapitalsofallAfrican

countrieswillbelinkedbyhigh-speedrailwaylines.Nowtheyhaveonestepcloserto

realizingthatdream.

OnOctober10,2016,Africa'sfirstmodernelectrifiedrailway,theEthiopia-

Djiboutirailway,becamefullyoperational.Thisrailway,builtbyChinesecompanies,

isthefirstrailwaybuiltusingacompletesetofChinesestandardsoutsideChina.

ButithasnotbeeneasyforChinesecompaniestowinEthiopiansupportforthe

project.TheEthiopiangovernmentonceconsideredWesternstandardsthebestones.

ButthankstoChina'soutstandingperformanceinbuildingandmanagingrailways,

Chinesefirmsendedupgettingtheproject.

“Afterroundsoftalks,theEthiopiangovernmentcametorealizethatChinese

standardsarenotinferioi•（次于）towesternones,andmoreimportantly,theybestsuit

thecountry,MengFengchao,boardchairmanofChinaRailwayConstructionCorp,

toldXinhua.

ThisisjustanotherofChina'srecentachievementsinrailwaybuildingChinahas

theworld'slongestrailwayandtheymakeupahuge60percentoftheworld'stotal.

Besideslength,Chinaalsodoeswellinspeed.Chinaistheonlycountrywithtrains

runningat350kmperhouronlinessuchasBeijing-TianjinandBeijing-Shanghai

high-speedrailways.

Thankstotheseachievements,it'seasytoforgetthatChinawasn'tanearlystarter

inthehigh-speedrailnetworkgame.Japanstarted50yearsago,whileGermany

began20yearsago.Chinaonlylauncheditshigh-speedrailway14yearsago.

HowhasChina'shigh-speedrailwaybeenabletodevelopsoquickly?Thedriving

forcebehindthefastdevelopmenthasbeenthecountry'sgreatneedfortransportation.

“Thehigh-speedrailwaynotonlycoversthedistance,butalsoconnectspeople,

informationandgoods,greatlyboostingtheregionaleconomy,people'slivesand

tourism,nHuangXin,anofficialfromChinaRailwayCorporation,toldChinaDaily.

Thehigh-speedrailwayhasbecomethetransportationofchoiceformanyChinese

people.AccordingtoChinaRailwayCorp,about4,200bullettrainsruninChinaeach

day,meaningthatmorethan4.5millionpassengerscantravel.

ThisisonlythebeginningofChina'shigh-speedrailwaydevelopment.The

NationalDevelopmentandReformCommissionsaidthatChinaplanstohave38,000

kmofhigh-speedrailwaysby2025.

l.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheEthiopia-Djiboutirailway?

A.Itwasstillunderconstruction.

B.Itlinkscapitalsofseveralcountries.

C.ItwasthefirstelectrifiedrailwayinAfrica.

D.ItwasacombinationofChineseandWeststandards.

2.WhatisChina'srecentachievementinrailwaybuilding?

A.Chinahelpsmanyothercountriesbuildrailway.

B.Chinesestandardssuitmostofthecountriesintheworld.

C.Chinaexcelsatboththelengthofrailwayandspeedoftrains.

D.Chinaisoneofthecountrieswhosetrainscanrunat350km/h.

3.Whichstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Chinawasthepioneerofbuildinghigh-speedrailnetworks.

B.Chinaspent14yearsbuildingalongestrailwayintheworld.

C.China*srailwayaccountsforlessthan60%oftheworld'stotal.

D.China'sgreatneedfortransportationhasdrivenrailwaydevelopment.

4.Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.China'sRailwaysGototheWorld.

B.TheCorporationbetweenChinaandAfrica.

C.TheRailwayDevelopmentinAfrica.

D.TheHistoryofHigh-speedRailwayintheworld.

二、

Despitementalhealthbeingeverywhereanditscostonoverallwell-beingand

socialdevelopment,wehavebeenguiltyofdraggingourfeet,bothinthesenseof

acknowledgingthecausesandfacingtheconsequencesofmentalhealthproblems,as

wellasasocietalcommitmenttoaddressingthem.Forinstance,theWorldHealth

Organization(WHO)estimatesthatworldwidegovernmentsspendlessthan2%of

theirtotalhealthbudgetonmentalhealth.

Butthereishopethatthetidemaybeturninginhowwedealwithmentalhealth.

AndthathoperesidesinGenerationZ(bomduringthemid-to-late1990sandearly

2010s).GenerationZhaveadifferentwayofapproachingwell-beingandmental

healththanotherpreviousgenerations.

Unlikethepreviousgenerations,GenerationZaremoreconfidentandwillingto

acknowledgeandactivatetheconnectionbetweenwell-beingandmentalhealth.

Seeingmentalhealthissuesasanaturalpartoflife,somethingtobefacedhead-on,

likeaphysicalillness,andinthefaceofthem,balanceismorelikelytoberestored:a

fruitfulsolutionthatresultsfromopenandfrankdiscussionswithfamilyandfriends,

sharingoraccessingadviceonsocialmedia.Theyarealsomorelikelytobehealth-

aware,engageinhealth-promotingactivitiesandadoptahealthylifestyle.Andwhile

GenerationZarealsoactivehealthyeaters,theyseeksolutionstotheenvironmental

impactoffoodproductionandmoreinformationonhowfoodchoiceislinkedto

mentalhealth.

Ontheworkfront,theyarenotshytopressemployersforworkloadsandwork-life

balancethatreducesstress,ortotakementalhealthdaystonurture（培养）well-being

andpreventtheoncomingofmoreseriousmentalhealthproblems.Perhaps,because

youthssufferdisproportionatelyfrommentalhealthissues,theyaremorelikelytobe

openandtalkaboutthem,aswellastoseekhelp.

Historically,theprivateandpublicdiscussionsaroundmentalhealthhavebeen

limited,whileGenerationZaremoreactiveinstrengthening,protectingandrestoring

it.Andthisshiftintheapproachindicateswellforhowsocietyfacesmentalhealth

issuesinthefuture,especiallyasGenerationZgainpositionsofeconomicand

politicalpower.

5.Whatcanwelearnaboutmentalhealthproblemsfromparagraph1?

A.Theyneedmoreattentionandinvestment.

B.Theyareacknowledgedandeasytoaddress.

C.TheyhavebecomethetopconcernsforWHO.

D.Theyhavelittletodowithsocialdevelopment.

6.WhatistheattitudeofGenerationZtowardsmentalhealthproblems?

A.Curious.B.Positive.C.Tolerant.D.Casual.

7.WhatdoGenerationZtendtodointheirworktokeepmentallyhealthy?

A.Handleworkloadsalone.

B.Letlifemakewayforwork.

C.Rejectstressfulworkarrangements.

D.Arguewiththeiremployersforhigherwages.

8.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.SolvingGenerationZ'sMentalProblems

B.ChangingOurApproachtoMentalHealth

C.HealthBudget-theKeytoMentalHealth

D.MentalHealth一theFirstKillerofMankind

三、

Fromcottagessurroundedbyimpressivegardenstodaysspentexploringsandy

beachesanddeepwoodsfilledwithwildlife,inMyFamilyandOtherAnimals,

EnglishwriterGeraldDurrellprovidedavividaccountofhisfamily'stimeonthe

GreekislandofCorfuinthe1930s.

ComeforthearrestingdescriptionsofCorfulandscapesandstayforDurrelFs

laugh-out-loudtalesofhisunusualfamily.Thisbook,Durrellwrotehumorouslyin

theintroduction,"wasintendedtobeanostalgic,怀旧的）accountofnaturalhistory,

butinthefirstfewpages,Imadethemistakeofintroducingmyfamily.”

Durrell,laterknownfbrhiszookeepingandthepreservationofwildlife,wasjusta

childduringhisfamily'sfive-yearstayinCorfu.Heis10-year-oldGerryinthe

book-curious,passionateaboutanimalsandadetailedstorytellerofhisstrange

family:hisimaginativeelderbrotherLarrywithhisliteraryambitions,lovestruck

sisterMargo,sportybrotherLeslieandhisever-calm,lovingmother.

Durrelfsattentiontodetailiswhatmakesthebooksowinning,witheverysight,

soundandsmelloftheislandbroughttolife.OneminuteyoullbelaughingasLarry's

cleverliteraryfriendswalkdowntothedaffodil一yellowcottage,thenextyoullbe

catchingyourbreathasDunelldescribesswimmingatnightintheIonianSea:"Lying

onmybackinthesilkywater,staringatthesky,onlymovingmyhandsandfeet

slightly,IwaslookingattheMilkyWaystretchinglikeasilkscarfacrosstheskyand

wonderinghowmanystarsitcontained."

MyFamilyandOtherAnimalsisquitedifficulttoclassify,beingoneparttravel,

onepartautobiography,onepartnaturalhistory,andonepartcomedy,withathread

ofdescriptivelanguagerunningthroughoutthatsometimesraisesitnearlytopoetry.

Asarealdelighttoread,it'stheperfectliteraryescapismfbranyadultorolder

teenagerwhoiscurrentlywalkingdownatoughroadinlife.

9.WhichwordbestdescribesDurrell'slifeinCorfu?

A.Risky.B.Busy.C.Tough.D.Diverse.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninparagraph2?

A.Iintroducedmyfamilybymistake.

B.Ishouldn'thaveintroducedmyfamily.

C.Icouldn'thelpintroducingmyfamily.

D.Igavewronginformationaboutmyfamily.

11.Whatareparagraph4and5mainlyabout?

A.Thebook'swritingfeature.B.Durrell'srichimagination.

C.Someinterestingplotsofthebook.D.Somevividdescriptionsoftheisland.

12.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?

A.Toshareanexperience.B.lbrecommendabook.

C.Tointroduceawritingstyle.D.Todescribeanunusualplace.

四、

OnahotsummerafternoonalongtheMandaviRiver,ShwetaHuiewrapshersari

aroundheranklesandbendstopickwild"weeds"fromtheriveranddropthemintoa

bowl.Theplantswillbemadeintofritters（炸果饼），tobeservedatthelittlerestaurant

attachedtotheB&BHuiemanagesintheIndiancoastaltownofVengurla.

Wildedible（可食用的）plantsarecommoninkitchenshere.Huie'sweedisjuicy,

whichisfoundinmangroveforests.Harvestingsomeoftheplantishelpingconserve

themangroves,agloballyendangeredecosystemofsalt-toleranttreesthatstopcoastal

erosion（侵蚀）andabsorbstormdamage.

HuieisheadofSwamini,aself-helpgroupsetupbyninewomenfromafishing

communityinVengurlawhostartedMandaviEcoTourismin2017.Vengurlais

knownforitsbeautifulbeachesandseafood,buttheclimatecrisishasmadefishing

foralivingunsustainable,sopeoplearetryingtofindothersourcesofincome.They

cameupwiththeideaofrunningmangrovesafaris（观光游）fortouristsinVengurla's

MandaviRiver.

Thesaforisoffervisitorsauniquehour-longtourofthemangroves.Foodhasalso

becomeakeyattraction:localspicycoconutcurries,withhomegrownorwild

vegetables.Touristsareencouragedtogocrabbing,andtheircatchiscookedand

served.

Huieonlydiscoveredrecentlythattheweedwasediblewhenshemettouristsfrom

anothercoastalcity.Sheresearchedtheseleavesandlearnedthatthesaltyplantisrich

invitamins.Shemadeherownversionofthefritters,withchickpeaflour,and

presenteditatthewildvegetablefestival.MItwasaninstanthit.Thisboostedthe

confidencetoincludethesefrittersinourrestaurantmenu,"saysHuie.

Swamini'slodginghousealsoservesvegetarianmealsandplatesoffishandcrab

sourcedfromtheriver."Thesatisfactionafterthevisitorsenjoyourmealisthereal

currency.WehadguestsfromLondonwhoweresohappywithourfoodthatthey

tookdowntherecipe.Suchpeoplehelpourbusinessgrow.Whatmorecanwewant?"

saysHuie.

13.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheexampleofShwetaHuie?

A.DoastheRomansdo.B.Strikewhiletheironishot.

C.Killtwobirdswithonestone.D.Biteoffmorethanyoucanchew.

14.WhatdoesSwaminioffertovisitors?

A.Eco-toursandaccommodation.B.Fishingguideservice.

C.Vegetablegrowingtechniques.D.Hands-oncookingclasses.

15.WhywereHuie'sfritterswell-received?

A.Theywerelessexpensive.B.Theyweretraditional.

C.Theyhadtheirownfeatures.D.Theygotstronglypromoted.

16.HowdidHuiefeelabouttourists*obtainingherfoodrecipe?

A.Lost.B.Proud.C.Worried.D.Curious.

五、

Darwin'sArch,afamedrockformationintheGalapagosIslandshastakenonanew

shape.

ThetopoftheArchcollapsedthisweekintothePacificOceanduetonaturalforces.

“ObviouslyallthepeoplefromtheGalapagosfeltitwasashamebecauseit's

somethingwe*refamiliarwithsincechildhood,andtoknowthatithaschangedwasa

bitofashock,"

WashingtonTapiasaid,"However,fromascientificpointofview,it'spartofthe

naturalprocess.

Itnormallyhappensonourplanet.0

Darwin'sArch,whichismadeofnaturalstone,atonepointwouldhavebeenpart

oftheisland.NamedafterfamednaturalistCharlesDarwin,itisnotaccessibleby

land.Buttheareaaroundtheislandsisapopulardivingspot,particularlytoobserve

sharksandotherseaspecies.

nUnfortunatelytoday,ourguestsoftheGalapagosAggressorIIIexperiencedaonce

inalifetimeevent,"thetravelcompanyAgressorAdventurespostedonFacebook.

Thegroupadded,"Thismorningat11:20amlocaltime,theworld-famousDarwin's

Archcollapsedinfrontoftheireyes.Therearenowonlytwopillars（柱子）remaining.

Someinthedive&travelindustryarealreadyreferringtothisnowasThePillarsof

Evolution（进化）

Thepostreceivednearly200commentsincludingonepersonwhowrote,"Whata

shame!Geologic（地质的）timeissomuchdifferentfromhumantimethatweforget

thatit'salwaysgoingon.That'swhyIliketospendalotoftimeamongthearchesin

SouthernUtah.Youneverknowwhenitcouldbethelasttimebeforegeologydoesits

work."

TheGalapagosIslandsareaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitethathasbeencalleda

"ilvingmuseumandshowcaseofevolution".Theislandsaresituatedabout621miles

fromthecoastofEcuador.Theyarehometomanyinterestinganimalsincludinggiant

tortoises,marineiguanas,andmanytypesoffinches.

17.WhatdoesTapiathinkofthecollapseofDarwin'sArch?

A.Itisadisastrousmemoryespeciallyforkids.

B.Itisalittlebitdisappointingbutacceptable.

C.Itisararenaturalphenomenonintheworld.

D.Itissuchawonderhardtoexplaininscience.

18.WhatdopeoplecomingtotheGalapagosIslandslikemost?

A.Divingtoobservesomeseaspecies.B.Catchingsharksaroundtheislands.

C.ClimbingDarwin'sArchcarefully.D.VisitingtheofficeofCharlesDarwin.

19.WhatisthepostfromtheAgressorAdventuresonFacebookmainlyabout?

A.Themagicalpowerofthegeology.B.Thenoveldescriptionofthepillars.

C.ThewitnessofthefalloftheArch.D.ThereasonforthelossoftheArch.

2O.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?

A.ToadvertiseforAggressorAdventures.B.Tointroducethetheoryofevolution.

C.TopraiseDarwinforhiscontribution.D.Toaddsomebackgroundinformation.

八_X-、

Inlargepopulationstudies,peoplewhoeatlotsoffruitsandvegetableshighin

vitaminCappeartohaveareducedriskfbrvarioustypesofcancer,includingcancers

ofthemouthandlung.Butit'snotclearthatthesebenefitscomespecificallyfrom

vitaminC.TheAge-RelatedEyeDiseaseStudyfoundthatadailysupplement

containing500mgofvitaminCcanhelpslowtheprogressofmaculardegeneration,

anage-relatedeyediseasethatcausesvisionloss.Butwedon'tknowwhatbenefits,if

any,areprovidedbyvitaminCinparticular.

ManypeopletakevitaminCsupplementsinunnecessarilyhighdosestopreventor

treatvariousconditionsforwhichitseffectivenessisunproved.ThevitaminC

supplementshavevariouslybeensaidforstavingoffsunbumandimprovingthe

appearanceofwrinkles.Noneofthesebenefitshavebeenconfirmedinscientific

studies.

Perhapsthebest-knownandmostwidelypromoteduseofhigh-dose（高齐!j

量）vitaminCistopreventortreatthecommoncold.Mostoftheevidenceshowsthat

high-dosevitaminCwill,atmost,shortenacoldbyoneday.Inordinary

circumstances,vitaminChasnopreventivevalue,althoughafewstudieshave

reporteda50%reducedriskofdevelopingcoldsamongpeopletakingvitaminCin

extremecircumstances-fbrexample,skiers,marathonrunners,andsoldiersworkingin

extremeconditions.

TherecommendedvitaminCdosageperdayforhealthywomenis75mgperday.

Foradults,thehighestsafedailyintakeislikelytobe2,000mgperday.VitaminCis

water-soluble,soanyamountmorethanyouneedwillnotbestoredinthebody.Its

safeinalmostanyamountfromfoods,andsupplementsinrecommendedamountsare

alsoregardedassafeformostpeople.Insomepeople,highdoses-morethan,say,

2,000or3,000mgperday-cancauseavarietyofsymptoms.Peoplewithkidney

conditionsshouldtakenomorethan1,000mgaday.

21.WhatcanwelearnaboutvitaminCinthefirstparagraph?

A.Itcanbeofbettereffectinhigherdoses.

B.Itcanbeacureforage-relatedeyedisease.

C.Itcanhelpslowtheprogressofsomeillness.

D.Itcanreducetherisksofthemouthcancer.

22.WhatfunctiondoesvitaminChaveintreatingthecommoncold?

A.Itcanhelppeoplesaveplentyofmoney.

B.Itcanstopsoldiersfromcatchingacold.

C.Itmayreduceacoldbyonedayatmost.

D.Itmaypreventthecommoncoldefficiently.

23.HowmuchVitaminCarehealthywomenadvisedtotakeperday?

A.75mg.B.500mg.C.2,000mg.D.3,000mg.

24.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Anexampaper.B.Atraveljournal.

C.Anartguidebook.D.Asciencemagazine.

七、

FromwritingShakespeare-stylepoetrytomakingmusic,ChatGPThasamazedthe

worldsinceitslaunchinlate2022bytheUS-basedcompanyOpenAI.Itevenpassed

severallawexamsinfourcoursesattheUniversityofMinnesota,US,accordingto

CNN.

TheAIprogramcananswerquestionsonawholehostoftopicsandwriteessays,

storiesandanyotherwrittentextsyoucanthinkof.Itdoesthisbydrawingon

informationcollectedfromalargecorpus（语料库）oftextdata.

WhatmakesChatGPTsoimpressive?AsSamAltman,theCEOofOpenAIsaidinan

interviewwithForbes,"it'snotactuallyfundamentallynewtechnologythatmadethis

（ChatGPT）haveamoment.^^

AccordingtoMITTechnologyReview,ChatGPTisbasedonGPT-3,alarge

languagemodel.Becausetextsaremorecomplicatedthanthemeaningofeveryword

combined,languagemodelsrequireatypeofneuralnetwork（神经网络）thatcan

makesenseoftexts.

Onebreakthroughbehindtoday'smodelisanetworkcalledTransformer,which

wasinventedbyGoogleresearchersin2017.Theneuralnetworkcaninferword

meaningsbytrackingwherethewordappearsinasentence.Transformercan

thereforecapturethemeaningoftextsmoreaccurately.

TheGPTmodelsbuiltbyOpenAIcombinedTransformerwithunsupervised（无人指

导的）learning,meaningthatthemodelscanlearnbythemselveswithoutbeingtold

whattolookat.ChatGPTcannowgeneratehuman-likeresponsesinstantlyduetothe

largescaleoftextsitlearnedfrom.

“OneofthebiggestproblemswithChatGPTisthatitcomesback,veryconfidently,

withfalsities,“MichaelWooldridgeattheAlanTuringInstituteinLondon,UK,told

TheGuardian.ThismeansthatChatGPTdoesn*tknowthetruthabouttheworld一it

learnsinformationfromvariousresourcesbutitcannotdecidewhatistrueorfalse.

SomearguethatChatGPTwillbeusedtogeneratefakenews,spreadfalsities,orbe

usedforillpurposes.Asforeducation,manyUSschoolsrecentlybannedstudents

fromusingChatGPTonschoolnetworksbecausestudentsbegantouseitasa

shortcutforessays.

25.HowdoesChatGPTwork?

A.Bymakingcomplicatedtextssimpler.

B.Bygatheringawidevarietyofinformation.

C.Bypassingseverallawexamsinfourcourses.

D.Byemployingitslargecollectionofinformation.

26.WhatmakesChatGPTsoamazing?

A.Acompletelynewtechnology.

B.Theabilitytotrackthelocationofaword.

C.Thecombinationofanetworkandself-learning.

D.Betterunderstandingofthemeaningofeveryword.

27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“falsities"meaninthelastbutoneparagraph?

A.Falseinformation.B.Somethingnew.

C.Variousresources.D.Timelyresponses.

28.WhyisChatGPTforbiddeninmanyusschools?

A.Becauseabanonithasrecentlybeenpassed.

B.Becauseitprovidesfakenewsthatwillmisleadstudents.

C.Becausestudentsuseitforthepurposeofimprovingtheiressays.

D.Becausewithit,studentsfinishtheirassignmentswithoutthinking.

八、

Myparentshadbeenmarriedlessthantwoyearswhenmydadwasdiagnosedwith

ALS.Makingadecisionregardingwhetherornottostartafamilywasdifficultatthe

time,butduetotheirfaithandpositiveoutlook,theychosetodoso.Hadtheynot

sharedthesameoptimism,myolderbrotherJohnwouldnotbehere,andIwouldnot

bewritingthistoday.TosaythatIamthankfulfortheirdecisionisanunderstatement.

MydadhashadalongbattlewithALSandisstillfightingafter26years.

Asachild,myparentsdideverythingintheirpowertokeepthingsasnormalas

possibleformybrotherandme.Unfortunately,Ihaveveryfewmemoriesofmydad

whenhewasstillabletowalkbecauseofhowyoungIwaswhenhelostthatability.

However,Icanconfidentlysaythatasagirl,mychildhoodfeltcompletelynormal.

Ourfriendscameoveralot.JohnandIwereveryinvolvedinsports,andmyparents

wereateverygame.

ALSisn*tjustadeadlydisease—itisincurable.Mostpatientsdonotliveevenclose

to26yearslikemyfatherhasbeenableto.ALSisalsoalonelydisease,forboththe

patientsandcaregivers,astheygothroughhardshipsthosearoundthemwillrarely

understand.Mymomishisprimarycaregiver,andmybrotherandIhelpoutasmuch

aswecan.Sheisaremarkablemotherandwife,thebackboneofourfamily,andnone

ofuswouldbeherewithouther.

DadisthestrongestpersonIknow.Hehasovercomehisphysicallimitationsdueto

howstrongheismentally.Everydayisabattle,andeverydayhefightshard.Hetruly

believeseverydayisagift.Somedaysareworsethanothers,buthewouldrarelylet

youknow.Ittakesacertainkindoffaith,will,ambition,andstrengthtohandlesucha

desperatediagnosis,andhehasneverfaltered（退缩）.

29.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutherparents1choiceofstartingafamily?

A.Grateful.B.Indifferent.C.Angry.D.Regretful.

30.WhatdoestheauthorintendtostressaboutherparentsinParagraph2?

A.Theiroptimisticattitude.B.Theirfamilyvalues.

C.Theirlovefbrchildren.D.Theirdifficultsituations.

31.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor'smom?

A.Determinedandcaring.B.Humorousandknowledgeable.

C.Talentedanddemanding.D.Generousandstrict.

32.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthefamily'sstory?

A.Hardshipsanddifficultiesareunavoidableinlife.

B.Onehastolearntoshoulderresponsibilitycourageously.

C.Thepresenceofparentsisimportanttochildren'sdevelopment.

D.Innerstrengthandfamilysupportcanhelpovercomephysicallimitations

答案以及解析

1.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段中OnOctober10,2016,Africa'sfirstmodern

electrifiedrailway,theEthiopia-Djiboutirailway,becamefullyoperational.（2016年

10月10日，非洲第一条现代化电气化铁路埃塞俄比亚-吉布提铁路全面投入运

营。）可知，埃塞俄比亚-吉布提铁路是非洲第一条电气化铁路。故选C。

2.答案：C

解析:细节理解题。根据文章第五段中Chinahastheworld'slongestrailwayand

theymakeupahuge60percentoftheworld'stotal.Besideslength,Chinaalsodoes

wellin叩eed.（中国拥有世界上最长的铁路，占世界铁路总数的60%。除了长度，中

国在速度上也做得很好。）可知,中国最近在铁路建设方面取得的成就包括中国在

铁路长度和火车速度方面都很出色。故选C。

3.答案:D

解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段Thedrivingforcebehindthefast

developmenthasbeenthecountry'sgreatneedfortransportation.C决速发展背后的马区

动力是国家对交通运输的巨大需求。）可知，中国对交通运输的巨大需求推动了铁

路的发展。故选D。

4.答案:A

解析：标题概括题。阅读全文，并根据文章第二段OnOctober10,2016,Africa's

firstmodernelectrifiedrailway,theEthiopia-Djiboutirailway,becamefully

operational.Thisrailway,builtbyChinesecompanies,isthefirstrailwaybuiltusinga

completesetofChinesestandardsoutsideChina.（2016年10月10日，非洲第一条现

代化电气化铁路埃塞俄比亚一吉布提铁路全面运营。这条由中国公司建造的铁

路是中国以外第一条使用中国标准建造的铁路。）和最后一段Thisisonlythe

beginningofChina'shigh-speedrailwaydevelopment.TheNationalDevelopment

andReformCommissionsaidthatChinaplanstohave38,000kmofhigh-speed

railwaysby2025.（这只是中国高速铁路发展的开始。国家发展和改革委员会表示,

到2025年,中国计划拥有3.8万公里的高速铁路。）等可知，文章主要介绍了中国

高铁在非洲的发展情况以及中国高铁近几年所取得的成就和发展历史。选项A-

中国的铁路走向世界”能够概括全文内容，适合作文章标题。故选Ao

二、

5.答案：A

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知,据世界卫生组织估算，全球各国政

府在心理健康上的支出不到其总卫生预算的2%。由此可知，心理健康问题需要

更多的关注与投入。

6.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据第三段可知,Z世代把心理健康问题视为生活的组成部

分并且积极正面地进行处理。

7.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段可知，在工作方面，他们不羞于就工作量的问题向

雇主施压，他们要求工作与生活平衡，以减轻压力，保持心理健康。由此可知，他们

敢于拒绝有压力的工作安排。

8.答案：B

解析：主旨大意题。文章介绍了Z世代对心理健康问题的态度和处理方式。最

后一段中的shiftintheapproach是文章标题的提示词。

三、

9.答案:D

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中Fromcottagessurroundedbyimpressive

gardenstodaysspentexploringsandybeachesanddeepwoodsfilledwithwildlife,in

MyFamilyandOtherAnimals,EnglishwriterGeraldDurrellprovidedavivid

accountofhisfamily'stimeontheGreekislandofCorfuinthe1930s.（从被令人印象

深刻的花园包围的小屋,到探索沙滩和充满野生动物的深林的日子，在《我的家人

和其他动物》一书中，英国作家GeraldDurrell生动地描述了20世纪30年代他的

家人在希腊科孚岛的时光。）可知,Durrell在科孚岛的生活是多样的。故选D。

10.答案：C

解析：词句猜测题。根据语境和划线句前文wasintendedtobeanostalgic（怀旧的）

accountofnaturalhistory,butinthefirstfewpages,butinthefirstfewpages,Imade

themistakeofintroducingmyfamily.（本想成为一本关于自然史的怀旧书,但在前

几页，我情不自禁地介绍了我的家人。）可知，划线词句应为“我情不自禁地介绍了

自己的家人'’的意思、。故选C。

11.答案：A

解析：段落大意题。根据第四段中Durrell'sattentiontodetailiswhatmakesthe

booksowinning,witheverysight,soundandsmelloftheislandbroughtto

life.（Durrell对细节的关注使这本书如此引人入胜,岛上的每一个景象、声音和气

味都栩栩如生。）和第五段MyFamilyandOtherAnimalsisquitedifficultto

classify,beingoneparttravel,onepartautobiography,onepartnaturalhistory,and

onepartcomedy,withathreadofdescriptivelanguagerunningthroughoutthat

sometimesraisesitnearlytopoetry.（《我的家庭和其他动物》很难归类,一部分是

游记，一部分是自传，一部分是自然历史，一部分是喜剧，一种描述性的语言贯穿始

终,有时几乎把它提升到诗歌的境界。）可知,这两段主要介绍了这本书的写作特

点。故选A。

12.答案：B

解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段Asarealdelighttoread,it'stheperfectliterary

escapismfbranyadultorolderteenagerwhoiscurrentlywalkingdownatoughroad

inlife.（作为一种真正的阅读乐趣，对于任何目前正走在艰难人生道路上的成年人

或年龄较大的青少年来说,这是一种完美的文学逃避。）可知,这篇文章的目的是

为了推荐这本《我的家庭和其他动物》。故选B。

四、

13.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的“bendstopickwild'weeds9fromtheriverand

dropthemintoabo