新教材适用2023-2024学年高中英语Unit4AdversityandCourage单元整合提升学案新人教版选择性必修第三册

单元整合提升Ⅰ.重点单词1．enthusiasmn．热情；热忱→enthusiasticadj.热情的；热心的→enthusiasticallyadv.热情地①对(做)某事感兴趣，对(做)某事热心be/becomeenthusiasticabout(doing)sth.②热心的支持者anenthusiasticsupporter③热烈欢迎anenthusiasticwelcome④(非常)热情地with(great)enthusiasm⑤充满热情fullofenthusiasm⑥Simonisenthusiasticaboutscience(热心于科学)anddreamsofbecomingascientistallthetime.2．aboardadv.&prep.上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)①上船/飞机/火车/公共汽车goaboard②在飞机/船上aboardtheplane/ship③欢迎乘坐！Welcomeaboard！④请大家上船/火车/公共汽车！Allaboard！⑤出国goabroad⑥国内外athomeandabroad3．assignvt.分派；布置；分配→assignmentn．(分派的)工作，任务①给某人分派某任务assignsth.tosb./assignsb.sth.②指派某人担任某工作/职务assignsb.to/assth.③她已被派去担任新职务了。Shehasbeenassignedtoanewjob.④Neverwillthejournalistforgethisfirstassignment(assign)attheofficeofapopularEnglishnewspaper.4．envyn．&vt.羡慕；妒忌①某人羡慕/妒忌的对象theenvyofsb.②出于嫉妒outofenvy③羡慕，妒忌withenvy④羡慕某人某事envysb.sth.⑤因……羡慕某人envysb.forsth.5．sinkvi.(sankorsunk，sunk)沉没；下沉；下降vt.使下沉；使沉没①沉到……的底部sinktothebottomof②落到……后面sinkbehind③落日thesinkingsun④(一屁股)坐在椅子上sinkintoachair⑤沉落sinkdown⑥陷入贫困中sinkintopoverty6．abandonvt.舍弃；抛弃；放弃→abandonedadj.被遗弃的，被抛弃的①放弃做某事abandondoingsth.②沉溺于……abandononeselfto...③Thegamehadtobeabandoned(abandon)duetobadweather.④Heownedafarm,whichlookedalmostabandoned(abandon)．⑤Somemiddleschoolstudentsabandonthemselvestocomputers(沉溺于电脑)，whichmakestheirparentsworried.7．resolvevi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)n．决心；坚定的信念→resolutionn．决议；解决；坚定①通过一项决议pass/adopt/carryaresolution②决心做某事makearesolutiontodosth.③新年计划NewYear'sresolutions④他决定不告诉她真相。Heresolvednottotellherthetruth.8．furnituren．家具←furnishvt.为……配备家具；提供→furnishedadj.配备家具的①一件家具apiece/anitemoffurniture②配备着……befurnishedwith...③配备齐全的房间afullyfurnishedroom④向某人/某物提供……furnishsb./sth.withsth.9．unfortunateadj.不幸的；遗憾的→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地；遗憾地←fortunatelyadv.幸运地←fortunateadj.幸运的①对某人来说不幸的是(作状语)unfortunatelyforsb.②做某事很不幸beunfortunatetodosth.③很遗憾……Itisunfortunate(that)．..④幸运地做某事befortunatetodosth.⑤做某事很幸运be/feelfortunateindoingsth.⑥(对某人来说)……是幸运的。Itisfortunate(forsb.)that...⑦海风极其有益，所以应当推荐那些住在海边的幸运儿沿着海滨散步。Theseabreezesarehighlybeneficial,soawalkalongtheseashoreisrecommendabletothosewhoaresofortunateastolivebythesea.10．advertisevt.&vi.公布；宣传；做广告→advertisementn．广告→advertisingn．广告活动；广告业①为某事做广告advertisesth.②登广告求……advertisefor...③登广告招聘某人做某事advertiseforsb.todosth.④Ishalladvertiseforsomeonetogo(go)withme.⑤Putanadvertisement(advertise)inthelocalpapertosellyourcar.11．commitv．犯(罪或错等)；承诺；保证→commitmentn．承诺；保证；奉献①对……作出承诺makeacommitmentto...②犯错commitanerror③如果你想投身新闻行业，你一定会成为一名成功的记者。Ifyouaretobecommittedtothejournalismfield,youareboundtobecomeasuccessfuljournalist.Ⅱ.重点短语1．turnsb.down拒绝(某人)①出现；到场；开大；调高音量turnup②转身turnaround/round③证明是；结果是turnout④转向；求助于；查阅turnto⑤我害怕我老板会拒绝我。Iamafraidourbosswillturnmedown.2．setoff出发；引起；动身；使爆炸①开始；着手(做……)setabout(doing...)②把……放置一旁；不理会；留出setaside③动身；出发；着手；开始(做……)setout(todo...)④创造；建立；创办setup⑤她一收到母亲的来信就马上动身回家。Shewillsetoffforhomeatonceassoonasshehearsfromhermother.3．keepup坚持；维持；持续；沿袭①跟上；不落后keepupwith②保持优异成绩，继续干下去keepitup③遵守；信守keeptosth.④避开；远离keepawayfrom⑤勿踩；勿踏keepoff⑥我并非所有的变化都能跟得上。Ican'tkeepupwithallthechanges.4．holdon稍等；挺住；坚持住；(打电话)别挂断①抓紧；不放开；保留；坚持holdonto②阻挡；阻拦；隐瞒；控制holdback③(在困境中)坚持；伸出；提供holdout④举起；延迟；阻碍holdup⑤等一会儿，我得化妆一下。Holdonforaminute.I'vejustgottoputonmymake-up.5．afterall毕竟；终究①最重要的是；首先aboveall②整体说来；总而言之allinall③全部；合计inall④首先firstofall⑤毕竟，锻炼15分钟比不锻炼好。Afterall,15minutesofexerciseisbetterthannothing.6．giveoff放出(热、光、气味或气体)①屈服；交上givein②放弃；停止；中止；投降giveup③分发；公布；耗尽；发出giveout④赠送；分发；放弃(机会)；泄露(秘密)giveaway⑤要是塑料和橡胶被焚，就会放出有毒的气体。Ifplasticandrubberareburnt,they'llgiveoffpoisonousgases.7．payback偿还；报复；报答①买……；为……付出代价payfor...②付钱买某物paymoneyforsth.③付清；取得成功payoff④(不情愿地)付清欠款payup⑤她知道他们家无法偿还任何债务。Sheknowsthatthefamilywouldnotbeabletopaybackanydebt.Ⅲ.重点句式1．全部倒装①BelowaresomeofBlackborow'sdiaryentries.以下是布莱克博罗的一些日记。句式仿写②Thencameanotherquestion.然后又一个问题提出来了。③Herecomesourheadmaster.我们的校长来了。2．too...to...结构①...thevoyagewastoodangerousanddifficultforallofustomakeitinoursmallboats.……这次航行太危险了，很难让我们所有人都坐上小船。句式仿写②Themathsproblemistoodifficultformetoworkout.这道数学题太难我解不出来。③Sometimestheoilmaybetoothicktopouratall.有时，油可能稠得一点也倒不出来。3．Whatif...?省略句①Whatiftheyweredelayed?如果他们被耽搁了会怎么样呢？句式仿写②WhatiftherewasnowateronEarth?如果地球上没有水怎么办？③Whatifthetrainislate?火车要是晚点会怎么样呢？4．虚拟条件句①Ifitweren'tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.如果不是海洋动物，我们都会饿死。句式仿写②Ifitwerenotfortheleadershipoftheparty,wecouldnotbelivingahappylifetoday.要是没有党的领导，今天我们就不会过上幸福的生活。③Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wewouldnothaveachievedsomuchinourwork.要不是你的帮助，我们就不会在工作中取得这么多成绩。5．“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构①Ourdisciplineandteamspiritkeptusoptimisticandhelpedusdealwithourfearsinapositiveandsuccessfulway.我们的纪律和团队精神使我们保持乐观，帮助我们以积极和成功的方式处理恐惧。句式仿写②Pleasekeepthedoorandwindowopen.请把门窗开着。③Ikeptherwaitingfor2hours.我让她等了两个小时。时文阅读世界最长客运列车诞生(原文选自、)语篇解读：据报道，瑞士雷蒂亚铁路公司开发出了一列由100节车厢组成、长约两千米的超长火车。经吉尼斯世界纪录认证，这是全球最长的窄轨客运列车。这列火车从海拔1749米的普雷达出发，一路开到贝尔金，完成了其首次的正式旅程。长长的红色列车与沿途风景相得益彰，吸引了不少火车迷和观光客乘车体验。HighintheSwissAlps,StMoritzmadeitsnameasaplaceforpushingtheboundariesofwintersports.Recently,theregioncontinueditslongtraditionofexpandingthelimitsofwhatispossiblewithaworldrecordattempt—notonsnoworice,butonrails.Tomarkthe175thanniversaryofSwitzerland'sfirstrailway,arailwaycompanycreatedtheworld'slongestpassengertrain—100cars,2,990tonnesandalmosttwokilometerslong.Formedof25newelectrictrains,therecord-breaking1,906-metertraintookalmostanhourtocoveraround25kilometersovertheimpressiveUNESCOWorldHeritageAlbulaLine,whichisfamousforitsendlessswoopingcurvesandsteepinclines(斜坡)．Themountainrailwaysareregardedasgreatfeatsofengineering.The62-kilometerlinebetweenThusisandStMoritz,aworld-renownedmasterpieceofcivilengineering,tookjustfiveyearstobuilddespiterequiring55bridgesand39tunnels.UnlikemostSwissandEuropeanrailways,whichusethestandardgauge(标准轨距)betweentherailsof1.435meters,therails,knownasRhaetischeBahnrails,arejustonemeterapart.“Inordertocompletethetrain'sjourneysuccessfully,everythinghastobeperfect.Weneedtobe100%synchronized(同步的),everysecond.Everyonehastokeeptheirspeedandothersystemsundercontrolatalltimes，”leaddriverAndreasKramersaid.“WeneedtoknowtheAlbulaLineverywell,everychangeofgradient,andeveryincline.”ThemountainousSwisslandscapehasencouragedcreativetransportationsolutionsforgenerations,resultinginoneofthemosttrain-reliantnationsintheworld.Onaverage,Swisscitizenstravelabout2,450kilometersbytrainannually—anestimatedquarteroftheirtotaltransportationsystem.In2021,SwissFederalRailwaysoperated11,260trainscarrying880,000passengersand185,000tonnesofgoodsperdayona3,265kilometer-longnetworkwith804stations.Therefore,thesuccessfulrecordattemptwillbegreatforthelocalareaandforthecountryasawhole.1．Whatistheworld'slongestpassengertraincreatedfor?AA．Celebratingthe175thyearofSwissfirstrailway.B．Satisfyingpeople'sincreasingdemandfortransportation.C．EncouragingpeopletopayattentiontoSwisswintersports.D．AttractingmorevisitorstoappreciatethebeautyofStMoritz.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feats”inParagraph2probabl