2023届大湾区普通高中毕业班第一次联合模拟考试英语试卷（含答案解析）

2023届大湾区普通高中毕业班第一次联合模拟考试英语试

卷

本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的市（县、区）、学校、姓名、班级、座位号

和准考证号填写在答题卡上,并填涂10位准考证号（考号）。

2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答

案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷

±0

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目

指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案;不准

使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。

4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Aninternship（实习）isagreatwaytogainvaluableexperienceinyourchosen

futurecareer.Here,weoffersomefantasticworldwideinternshipswith

opportunitiestohelpyougainsomereallyuniqueanddiverseexperience.

DentalInternshipinSouthAfrica

Joinourdentalelectivetoboostyourdentalworkexperience.You'IIworkwitha

professionaldentistandassistinday-to-daytasksatcheck-upcamps.Compare

thedentalcarebetweenyourhomecountryandSouthAfrica.

Requirement:Internsshouldbestudyingdentistry（牙科）

JournalismInternshipinGhana

SeeallaspectsofGhanaianlifebyreportingonday-to-daylifeandtakingpartin

avariedjournalisminternshipinAccra.Workforanewspaper,radioorTVstation

andgethands-onexperienceinthemediaindustry.

Requirement:GoodEnglishspeakersandgeneralleveloffitness

MedicalInternshipinPalampur

Ifyouareconsideringacareerinmedicineornursing,thisisthemedical

internshipforyou.BasedinnorthernIndia,inthefoothillsoftheHimalayas,you

willshadowlocaldoctorsandnursesandlearnlotsabouttheIndianmedical

system.

Requirement:Internsshouldhaveaninterestin,oralreadybestudying,a

medicalrelatedcourse

MedicalInternshipinRomania

Takepartinahighlyratedmedicalinternshiponamobilemedicalunitandwithin

achildren，shospital.Workinavarietyofmedicalsettingsandwithamixtureof

cases,shadowingdoctorsandnursesandactivelycontributingtothecareofthe

patients.

Requirement:Minimumrequirementofafirstaidcertificate

1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?

A.Aschoolmagazine.

B.Anacademicpaper.

C.Apublicspeech.

D.Atravellog.

2Whichcanofferagreaterchancetofullyexperiencethelocalculture?

A.DentalInternshipinSouthAfrica.

B.JournalismInternshipinGhana.

C.MedicalInternshipinPalampur.

D.MedicalInternshipinRomania.

3.Whatdothelasttwointernshipshaveincommon?

A.TheyarelocatedinnorthernIndia.

B.Theyneedchildcareinterns.

C.Theyrequireafirstaidcertificate.

D.Theyencouragelearningfromoldhands.

B

In2013,Deeganwastryingtotakecontrolofherlifeafterwinningthefight

againstdrinking.Shedidquit,butshewashavingdifficultyreconnectingwith

people.Evenlookingsomeoneintheeyesprovedtobedifficult.Z1wassortof

likeashellofapersonandjustdidn'treallyhavemanylifeskillsor

self-confidence/'Deegansaid.

However,bakingwassomethingthatalwaysbroughtherjoyasachild.Oneday

whilehelpingoutintheneighborhood,Deeganpickedupahandheldmixerand

startedbaking.zzMylifewasjustoutofcontrol,butbakingissuchacontrolled

thing,whereifyoutaketherightstepsandfollowthedirections,you'llgeta

prettyexactresult/'shesaid.

Deeganstartedbringingherhomemadebakedcookiestopeople'shomes,which

helpedherreconnectwithpeople."Feedingpeopleissuchauniversallove

language//shesaid.However,shewasstilltryingtofigureouthowtofinda

careerat27yearsold.Shehadnorealworkexperienceandshecouldn'tput"quit

drinking'"onherresume.

Deegan'slifeshiftedin2015.Encouragedbyherfriends,shechallengedherself

toseeifshecouldselljustonepie.Shesolddozens!Shebeganbakingoutofher

tinyapartmentandeventuallylaunchedanofficialbusinessin2017.Shespent

fouryearsdevelopingapiecrustcookierecipe,whichhassincebecomethe

breadandbutterofherbusiness.''Peoplehavebeenwalking,runningandlining

uptogetcookies,anditsjustbeensomagicalseeingthat/'shesaid.

Whensheneedsmorehelp,Deegansaysshelooksforanyonewhoisjustexcited

towork,eveniftheydon'thaveanyexperience.Afterherownstruggle,she

realizedthatthedesiretoworkwasbetterthanhavingacertainskillset.Andshe

becameasecond-chanceemployer,hiringwomenoutofprisonortheshelter

system.zzYoujusthavetowalkthroughthedoorandbeready,willingandable

andexcitedtoshowupandworkandyou'vegotajob/Deegantoldthe

reporter.

4.WhatwasDeeganmainlystrugglingwithin2013?

A.Emotionmanagement.

B.Interpersonalrelationship.

C.Work-lifebalance.

D.Alcoholaddiction.

5WhatpreparedDeeganforherbakerybusiness?

A.Workingpreviouslyinthebakingindustry.B.Seeingpeoplerunningtoget

cookies.

C.Wantingdesperatelytogaintotalcontrol.D.Offeringbakedfoodoutof

goodwill.

6.Accordingtoparagraph4and5,whatisspecialaboutDeeganandher

business?

A.Sheachievedsuccessthroughbaking.

B.Shewasambitiousaboutherbusiness.

C.Shehasanopen-dooremploymentpolicy.

D.Sheonlyhiredinexperiencedworkers.

7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDeegan?

A.Creativeandsmart.

B.Persistentandreceptive.

C.Honestandoptimistic.

D.Kindandeasy-going.

C

Althoughweallexperiencefailureinourlives,wedon/tallreacttoitinthesame

way.Aninterestingresearchhasemphasizedthenotionthattherearesome

peoplewhoembracechallengesanddisappointmentsasopportunitiesto

re-focustheirthinking.Thesearepeoplewithagrowthmindset.Then,thereare

otherpeoplewhoseefailureasacompletefailure.Theybelievethattheynever

hadthetalentanyway,andtheyprobablyneverwill.Thesearepeoplewitha

fixedmindset.

PsychologistDweckhasstudiedthesemindsetsandprovidedevidencethatmost

peopleintentionallyplacethemselvesinoneofthosetwogroups.Thegroupto

whichyouassignyourselffrequentlydetermineshowyoureacttochallenges.If

youexperiencefailureandgiveup,youhaveconvenientlyassignedyourselfto

thefixedgroup.Ifyouexperiencefailureandregarditasasteppingstone,then

youhaveplacedyourselfintothegrowthgroup.

Accordingtotheresearch,peopleinthegrowthgrouptendtogeneratemore

creativeideasthanthoseinthefixedgroup.Toillustrate,considerThomasEdison.

Inthe19thcentury,Edisonattemptedtoimprovethelightbulband

experimentedwithnumerousmaterials.Overathousandtrials,hemanagedto

discoveranelementsustaininglight.Areporteronceaskedhim,“Itseemsas

thoughyou'vetriedmanytimesandcontinuetofaileachtime.Whyisthat?”

Edisonanswered,^1havenotfailed.I'vejustfound10,000waysthatwon/twork.”

Instudiesofcreativepeople,psychologistsdiscoveredthatadistinguishing

featureseparatingthemfromthenon-creativeisthattheymakelotsofmistakes

andcontinuetoworkthroughthem.Mostpeopleconsidersuccessandfailureas

polaropposites.Inreality,theyarebothpartsofthesameprocess.

8.Whatmightpeoplewithagrowthmindsetagreewith?

A.Challengesarewelcomed.

B.Mistakescanbeavoided.

C.Successisduetogoodluck.

D.Onlytalentleadstosuccess.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasesteppingstone"inparagraph2referto?

A.Aroadtonowhere.

B.Achallengeintheway.

C.Anoutcometoexpect.

D.Achancetoadvance.

10.WhydoestheauthormentionThomasEdisoninparagraph3?

A.Tomakeaprediction.

B.Topresentafact.

C.Tosupportaviewpoint.

D.Toclarifyaprinciple.

11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Howpeopleinterpretfailureoftendeterminestheircreativeoutput.

B.Learningfromsuccessplaysanimportantpartinimprovingcreativity.

C.Growthmindsetpeopleseechallengesdifferentlyfromfixedmindsetones.

D.Whichgrouppeopleputthemselvesindecideshowtheyreacttochallenges.

D

Researchintosocialrobotshasshownthatmachinesthatareatthecuttingedge

ofinteractioncanrespondtofeelingsandemotionallycarefortheweak,the

elderlyandchildren.

Robinwasdesignedasacompanionrobottoprovideemotionalsupportfor

childrenreceivingmedicaltreatment.Robinexplainsmedicalprocedurestothem,

playsgamesandtellsstories,andduringtreatmentdistractsthemtoreducetheir

senseofpain.TherobotusesAltounderstandotherpeople'sfeelings,

rememberingfacialexpressionsandconversationstobuilddialogueforfollow-up

sessions.IntrialsattheWigmoreMedical(UK)PediatricClinicinYerevan,

Armenia,theteamfoundthatRobinledtoa34%decreaseinstressandan

increaseinhappinessof26%inthe120childrenwhointeractedwithhimatleast

once.

Healthcarerobotscouldallbenefitfromdisplayingemotionalintelligence,both

recognizingandrespondingtohumanemotions,andtosomeextent,managing

them.Theproblemwiththisisthefearthathumanjobsmaybelostasrobots

becomebetterathandlingsocialsituations.

Populationtrendssuggestthatthedemandforrobotstoworkalongsidepeople

incaresituationswillgrowovertime.By2050,thenumberofpeopleaged65

andovergloballywillbe1.6billion(17%),roughlytwicetheproportionofwhatit

istoday.Anextra3.5millioncareworkerswillbeneededandthatwillinclude

emotionallyintelligentrobots.

Today/ssimplesystemsarebeingtrainedtomeetthatdemand.Thisincludesa

littlewheeledrobotthatcanguesshowyouarefeelingfromthewayyouwalk,

andtherobotfromtheUniversityofLincolnintheUK—whohelpselderlypeople

tostayphysicallyandmentallyactive.

Theimpactofsocialrobotsonourlivestodatehasbeentiny.Butnewmodels

arebeingintroducedthatcouldmakethebreakthrough.Humanemotionsare

difficulttodefine,butastrustinrobotsincreases,breakingdownthe

psychologicalbarrierbecomeseasiertoimagine.

12.Whataresocialrobotsuniquelycapableof?

A.Liftingheavypackagesupstairsforweakpeople.

B.Teachingmentallyillteensemotionalexpressions.

C.Cookingdeliciousdishesforthedisabledathome.

D.Playingsongsforblindpeopleontheirrequest.

13.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Robin'sfunctiontoreducepain.

B.Robin'spopularityinhospitals.

C.Robin'spracticalapplication.

D.Robin'ssuccessinpassingtests.

14.Howisparagraph4developed?

AByconcludingviewpoints.

B.Byanalyzingcauses.

C.Bymakingcomparison.

D.Bygivingdefinition.

15.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhumanjobreplacementbyrobots?

A.ItisalreadyhappeningthroughoutUK.

B.Humansneedtoworkhardtosecurejobs.

C.Robotscanonlymeetbasichumanneeds.

D.It/sanunstoppableandbeneficialtrend.

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12・5分）

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项

为多余选项。

Helpingastrangercanbeeasierthanadvisingsomeonewe'veknownforever.

Whenfriendsandfamilyaskforadvice,itismorecomplicated.16To

givebetteradvice,trylessfixingandmorelistening.

17Youshouldstayopenifyoucan.Keepyourhandsfree.Keepyour

faceneutralandtrytoavoidlooksofshockorjudgment.Ifyoulooklikeyou're

tenseoryou'redistracted,thepersonmightnotopenuptoyouasmuchasyou

wouldwantthemto.

Youcan/talwaysgiveadvicerightnow.TextsandFaceTimemightbeimmediate,

butyouradvicedoesn'thavetobe.Youcanpolitelyexplaintosomeonethatyou

wanttogivethemyourfullattentionwhenyou'reready.18

Youdon'thavetofixtheproblem.Peoplewhoask“WhatshouldIdo?”often

wanttoprocessaproblemthemselves.19Afriend'sprioritiesmight

notmatchyourown,butthatdoesn'tmeanthey'rewrong.

Payattentiontopatterns.Whenyou/veknownsomeoneforyears,you/rea

witnesstotheirpatternsandrepeatedmistakes.Insteadofsaying,“Ugh,you've

saidthis15,000times//youcanaskquestions./zWhatdoyouthinkthatmeans?"

or"20〃canbeagoodonewhenyou'retryingtogetsomeoneto

considertheirowncycle.

A.Bodylanguagematters.

B.Listentothemcarefully.

CWhat'swrongwithyou?

D.Whathasworkedforyoubefore?

E.Otherwise,youcandomoreharmthangood.

F.Ifwedon'tgetitright,wecouldhurtsomeonewelove.

G.You/regivinggoodadviceifyoucanhelpthemgetthereontheirown.

第三部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最

佳选项。

MybrotherandIweredrivinghometogetherandweweredeepinconversation.

Becauseofhis21mybrothertookawrongturn,takingustowards

a22andwehadnowaytoturnback.23,mybrotherpaidthe

bridgefeeanddroveon.Hewasclearlyfrustratedbythemistakeand

the24wasteof$4.

Weeventuallyreachedanexitslipwayand,aswetookit,my

brother25abeat-upblackcarparkedbythesideoftheroad.Ayoung

guywasstandingnearby26someone.Iwasbusytryingtofigureout

which27wewentnextbutmybrother28andaskedtheguy

ifheneededanyhelp.Andhedid.Hehada(n)29tireandneededa

tooltogetitoff.Mybrothergaveittohim,thenproceededtohelp

him30thetire.Afterwehadfinishedthejobhethankedusagain

andagain,pulledout$20andtriedtogiveittous.〃No,〃mybrothersaid.zzWe

werenever31toevengetonthatbridge.Wetook

a32turn.Butnowweknowwhywedid.Itwastohelpyou.Thank

youforturningourmistakeintoa(n)33toserve//

WhatIlovedmostwaswatchingmybrotherthroughoutthis34.He

wasabletoseeachancetohelpeveninanotherwise35situation,

whichcanonlycomefromacalmmindandanopenheart.

21.A.happinessB.carelessness

C.selfishnessD.weakness

22.A.bridgeB.cornerC.trackD.house

23.A.NervouslyB.ImmediatelyC.UnwillinglyD.Unfortunately

24.A.unusualB.hateful

C.hopelessD.needless

25A.repairedB.noticed

C.struckD.helped

26.A.phoningB.reminding

C.greetingD.recalling

27.A.restaurantB.gasstation

C.hotelD.way

28.A.pulledtogetherB.pulledaway

C.pulledoverD.pulledthrough

29.A.flatB.empty

C.oldD.dirty

30.A.cleanB.changeC.fillD.choose

31.A.supposedB.forced

C.allowed0.required

32.A.differentB.oppositeC.wrongD.distant

33.A.wishB.ability

C.belief0.opportunity

34.A.progressB.arrangementC.processD.mistake

35.A.dangerousB.destructive

C.expensive0.negative

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Theapproachingofanewyearisalwaysexciting.TheLittleNew

Year,36isalsocalledtheMinorNewYear/sDay,usuallyfallsroughlya

weekbefore37LunarNewYear.In2023,itwillfallonJan.14thand

15th.TheChineseLittleNewYearisnota38(fix)festivalasitvarieswith

local39(custom).

WorshipingKitchenGodisthemostimportantactivityin40(celebrate)

oftheChineseLittleNewYear.Accordingtothefolklore,theKitchenGodwould

report41theJadeEmperoronthegoodandevildeedsofeveryfamily

onthe23rdofthe12thlunarmonthfortheEmperortorewardorpunish.

While42(offer)sacrificetotheKitchenGod,peopleplacecandy,water,

beansandhayonthetableinfrontoftheKitchenGodimage.

Otheractivitiesduringthefestival43(main)includesweepingdustand

makingChinesepapercutsforwindowdecoration.ChineseLittleNewYearalso

meansthatChinesepeoplebegintopreparespecialpurchasesfortheSpring

Festivalandareready44(spend)acleanSpringFestival.Aboveall,it

suggestsanewyearwithanewimageand45(express)thegoodwishes

ofChinesepeopletoringouttheOldYearandringintheNewYear.

第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

46.你校和外国一所高中为姊妹学校。该校想了解你校成功开展优秀社团活动

的情况。请写一篇推荐短文，内容如下：

1.你推荐社团活动的内容及原因；

2.对于姊妹学校开展该社团活动的建议。

注意：

1.词数80左右;

2.短文题目已为你写好。

3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

ClubActivityRecommendation

第二节（满分25分）

47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完

整的短文。

Ihadbeenactinginschoolforafewyears.WhenIgotaroughroleinaplay,I,

onlyajuniorinmyhighschool,wasexcitedthatmyinspiringdramateacherand

directorhadtrustedmewiththepart.

WehadlittletimetoprepareandIwouldneverforgetreadingthelinesforthe

firsttime.Atfirstthedialoguewaslively,butthenitbecamequitelongand

boring.Tomysurprise,mycharacterhadonedisrespectfullinethatcomplained

abouthisbadluck.Ihadneversaidsomethinglikethatonstagebefore.

UncomfortableasIfeltaboutit,Ihadneverthoughtofmakingmyselfheardto

makeachange.Iwasweak,wentsilent,andacceptedthelineasitwas.

Atourfirstrehearsal（彩排），Iwhispered,thelineandhopedwithsomany

distractionsonstagethatthedirectorwouldn'tnotice.Luckily,shedidn't.Over

threewildweeksofrehearsals,IconvincedmyselfthatIcouldkeepfakingit.

Then,whenthecurtainfinallyrosewithanaudience,maybeIwouldfeelfine

aboutsayingthelinejustonceasloudlyasIcould.

Onthenightoftheopendressrehearsal,Iwasnervoustoseeanoldcouple,the

Ehlers,seatedinthehall.TheywereclosefriendsofourfamilyandIhadnoidea

theywouldbethere.Whenthebigmomentarrived,withnervousnessracing

throughmybody,Iwentforit.Irememberthemomentquiteclearly.WhereI

stood.Howitsounded.HowIfelt.

Aftertheshow,theEhlersmetmewithcheers,awarmhug,andsomebrief

dialogueoftheirown.Whiletalkingwiththem,Iwasoverwhelmedbymixed

feelingsofregretandshame.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

“Jason,thatwasquitesomelanguage.Yousurprisedus,〃Mrs.Ehlerslookedat

me.

Isaidgoodbyetothecoupleandwaitedinthedramaroomuntilourdirector

appeared.

参考答案

本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的市（县、区）、学校、姓名、班级、座位号

和准考证号填写在答题卡上,并填涂10位准考证号（考号）。

2.作答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答

案信息点涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷

上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目

指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新答案;不准

使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。

4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后,将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、（:和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

【答案】1.A2.B3.D

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章提供了四个全球实习机会及其相关要求。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段"Aninternship（实习）isagreatwayto

gainvaluableexperienceinyourchosenfuturecareer.Here,weoffersome

fantasticworldwideinternshipswithopportunitiestohelpyougainsomereally

uniqueanddiverseexperience.（实习是在你选择的未来职业中获得宝贵经验

的好方法。在这里，我们提供了一些很棒的全球实习机会，帮助你获得一些

真正独特和多样化的经验。）”可知，本文主要介绍世界各地的一些实习机会

及其相关要求,根据DentalInternshipinSouthAfrica的"Requirement:Interns

shouldbestudyingdentistry（牙科）（要求：实习生必须学习牙科专业）"，Medical

InternshipinPalampur的Requirement:Internsshouldhaveaninterestin,or

alreadybestudying,amedicalrelatedcourse（要求:实习生必须对医学相关课

程感兴趣或已经在学习）”文章的目标受众为正在学习某些课程的人，可推断

应面向学生，故最有可能出现在学校的杂志中。故选A项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。由JourmalismInternshipinGhana中“SeeallaspectsofGhanaian

lifebyreportingonday-to-daylifeandtakingpartinavariedjournalism

internshipinAccra.（通过报道日常生活和在阿克拉参力口各种新闻实习，了解加

纳生活的各个方面。）”可知,JourmalismInternshipinGhana的这个实习项目

可以看到加纳人日常生活的方方面面，故选B项。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据MedicalInternshipinPalampur的“BasedinnorthernIndia,in

thefoothillsoftheHimalayas,youwillshadowlocaldoctorsandnursesandlearn

lotsabouttheIndianmedicalsystem.（基地位于印度北部的喜马拉雅山麓，你

将跟随当地的医生和护士，了解很多关于印度医疗系统的知识。）”，以及

MedicalInternshipinRomania的“Workinavarietyofmedicalsettingsandwith

amixtureofcases,shadowingdoctorsandnursesandactivelycontributingtothe

careofthepatients.（在各种医疗环境和混合病例中工作，跟随医生和护士，积

极为患者的护理做出贡献。广可知，两份实习中均出现shadowlocaldoctors

andnurses的表述,shadow作及物动词时，意为“跟随……实地学习或参观”，

故他们的共同之处在于都鼓励向前辈学习。故选D项。

B

【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.B

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了戒酒后想要把控自己生活的迪根

喜欢烘焙，原来给别人送自制的饼干是想和别人搞好关系，这个爱好促成了

她开启烘焙事业，同时因为自身的经历，她在招募员工时很包容，不嫌弃对

方是否有相关工作经历或者不光彩的过去。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段"In2013,Deeganwastryingtotakecontrolofherlife

afterwinningthefightagainstdrinking.Shedidquit,butshewashavingdifficulty

reconnectingwithpeople.Evenlookingsomeoneintheeyesprovedtobe

difficult."\wassortoflikeashellofapersonandjustdidn'treallyhavemanylife

skillsorself-confidence/Deegansaid.（2013年，迪根在与酗酒的斗争中获胜后,

试图控制自己的生活。她确实戒酒了，但她很难与人重新建立联系。事实证

明，与他人对视都很困难。迪根说：'我有点像一副躯壳，真的没有很多生

活技能或自信。'）”可知，2013年时候的Deegan很难与人重新建立联系，

甚至都害怕与他人对视，可知，Deegan在人际交往方面很吃力。故选B项。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段"Deeganstartedbringingherhomemadebaked

cookiestopeople'shomes,whichhelpedherreconnectwithpeople.'Feeding

peopleissuchauniversallovelanguage,'shesaid.（迪根开始把她自制的饼干带

到人们的家里，这帮助她与人们重新建立联系。她说：'喂饱人们是一种普

世的爱的语言。'）”可知，Deegan认为给人送食物能表达爱，所以她经常给

别人送上自己做的饼干;第四段"Deegan'slifeshiftedin2015.Encouragedby

herfriends,shechallengedherselftoseeifshecouldselljustonepie.Shesold

dozens!Shebeganbakingoutofhertinyapartmentandeventuallylaunchedan

officialbusinessin2017.（迪根的生活在2015年发生了改变。在朋友们的鼓励

下，她挑战自己，看能不能卖掉一个派。她卖了几十个！她开始在自己的小

公寓里烘焙，并最终在2017年推出了正式业务。）”可知，也正是这种出于

好意的为他人提供烘焙食品的行为，为后来Deegan烘焙店生意奠定了基础,

故选D项。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“In2013,Deeganwastryingtotakecontrolofherlife

afterwinningthefightagainstdrinking.Shedidquit,butshewashavingdifficulty

reconnectingwithpeople.（2013年，迪根在与酗酒的斗争中获胜后，试图控制

自己的生活。她确实戒了酒，但她很难与人重新建立联系）”可知，迪根以前

是一个嗜酒之人，但已戒了；最后一段中"Whensheneedsmorehelp,Deegan

saysshelooksforanyonewhoisjustexcitedtowork,eveniftheydon'thaveany

experience.Afterherownstruggle,sherealizedthatthedesiretoworkwas

betterthanhavingacertainskillset.Andshebecameasecond-chanceemployer,

hiringwomenoutofprisonorthesheltersystem.Youjusthavetowalkthrough

thedoorandbeready,willingandableandexcitedtoshowupandworkand

you'vegotajob,'Deegantoldthereporter.（迪根说,当她需要更多帮助时，她

会找那些对工作充满热情的人，即使他们没有任何经验。在经历了自己的挣

扎之后，她意识到工作的愿望比拥有某种技能更好。她成为了第二次机会的

雇主，雇佣监狱或收容所的女性。迪根告诉记者：'你只需要走进那扇门，

做好准备，愿意、能够、兴奋地出现并工作，你就得到了一份工作。'）”可

知，有酗酒史的Deegan的面包店不关注应聘者是否有相关工作经历或者不光

彩的过去，故有着特别开放的用人政策（open-dooremploymentpolicy）,这

是特别之处。故选C项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段中rtShespentfouryearsdevelopingapiecrustcookie

recipe,whichhassincebecomethebreadandbutterofherbusiness.(她花了四

年时间开发了一种派皮饼干食谱，从此成为她生意的面包和黄油。)”可知，

迪根很执着(Persistent),花4年时间研发一个食谱;第五段中“Whensheneeds

morehelp,Deegansaysshelooksforanyonewhoisjustexcitedtowork,evenif

theydon'thaveanyexperience.Andshebecameasecond-chanceemployer,

hiringwomenoutofprisonorthesheltersystem.(迪根说，当她需要更多帮助时,

她会找那些对工作充满热情的人，即使他们没有任何经验。在经历了自己的

挣扎之后，她意识到工作的愿望比拥有某种技能更好。她成为了第二次机会

的雇主，雇佣监狱或收容所的女性。)”可知，迪根善于接受(receptive)那

些有缺点或能改过自新的人当员工。故选B项。

C

【答案】8.A9,D10.C11.A

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章指出人们对失败的理解、态度会决定会影

响到他们的创造性产出，相比轻言放弃的固定型思维的人，具有成长型思维

的人用发展的眼光看待失败，更具有创造力。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句wlfyouexperiencefailureandregarditasa

steppingstone,thenyouhaveplacedyourselfintothegrowthgroup.（如果你经

历过失败，并将其视为一次提升自己的机会，那么你已经将自己置于成长型

群体中。）“，以及第三段第一句"Accordingtotheresearch,peopleinthegrowth

grouptendtogeneratemorecreativeideasthanthoseinthefixedgroup.（根据

研究，成长组的人往往比固定组的人产生更多的创造性想法。）”可知，对于

成长性思维的人来说，失败只是一个垫脚石，从失败中他们能生成更多创新

的点子，所以具有成长型思维的人愿意接受挑战，故选A项。

【9题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第二段最后一句"Ifyouexperiencefailureandgiveup,you

haveconvenientlyassignedyourselftothefixedgroup.Ifyouexperiencefailure

andregarditasasteppingstone,thenyouhaveplacedyourselfintothegrowth

group.（如果你经历了失败，放弃了，你就很方便地把自己分配到固定的群体。

如果你经历过失败，并将其视为asteppingstone,那么你已经将自己置于成

长型群体中。）”可知，固定型思维的人遇到失败就放弃，而与之相对的是，

成长型思维的人把失败当作有帮助的，可以促进发展，可推知，划线短语a

steppingstone和D项“Achancetoadvance.（一次提高的机会）”意思相近，

故选D项。

[10题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段"Accordingtotheresearch,peopleinthegrowthgroup

tendtogeneratemorecreativeideasthanthoseinthefixedgroup.（根据研究，

具有成长型思维的人往往比固定型思维组的人产生更多的创造性想法）”可知,

这句话为段首核心观点。下文"Toillustrate,considerThomasEdison.Inthe19th

century,Edisonattemptedtoimprovethelightbulbandexperimentedwith

numerousmaterials.Overathousandtrials,hemanagedtodiscoveranelement

sustaininglight.Areporteronceaskedhim,Itseemsasthoughyou'vetried

manytimesandcontinuetofaileachtime.Whyisthat?'Edisonanswered,1have

notfailed.I'vejustfound10,000waysthatwon'twork.'（为了说明这一点，以托

马斯•爱迪生为例。在19世纪，爱迪生试图改进灯泡，并试验了许多材料。

经过一千多次试验，他终于发现了一种维持光的元素。一位记者曾经问他：

‘你似乎已经尝试了很多次，但每次都失败了。为什么呢？'爱迪生回答说：

‘我没有失败。我发现了一万种行不通的方法。'）”可知，此处为典型举例

表述，结合其内容可知，作者提到爱迪生是以其为例来支撑本段首句提出的

观点。故选c项。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，本文第一、二段主要介绍了具有成长型思维的人和

具有固定型思维的人对待失败的截然不同的态度和反应；第三、四段论证了

具有成长型思维的人，善于用发展的眼光看待失败，相比轻言放弃的固定型

思维的人，更具有创造力，可本文的大意为：对失败的理解、态度会决定会

影响到他们的创造性产出。故选A项。

D

【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.D

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了对社交机器人的研究：以Robin为

例，处于互动前沿的机器可以对情感做出反应，并在情感上照顾弱者、老人

和儿童，作者认为用社交机器人来看护将会是一个不可阻挡的有益的趋势。

[12题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第一段"Researchintosocialrobotshasshownthat

machinesthatareatthecuttingedgeofinteractioncanrespondtofeelingsand

emotionallycarefortheweak,theelderlyandchildren.（对社交机器人的研究表

明，处于互动前沿的机器可以对情绪做出反应，并在情感上照顾弱者、老人

和儿童。）”可知，社交机器人可以对情绪（feelings）作出回应并在情感上

（emotionally）关爱弱者、老年人和小孩，这是它的不同之处，与题目中的

uniquely相呼应，故B项“教患有精神疾病的青少年情绪表达”与文章内容

相符，其余选项均非情感上的帮助。故选B项。

【13题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段"Robinwasdesignedasacompanionrobottoprovide

emot