高考英语大一轮复习 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions课时作业 新人教版选修试题

Unit3InventorsandinventionsⅠ.单项填空1．—Haveyou______？—No.Ihadthewrongnumber.A．gotin B．gotawayC．gotoff D．gotthrough解析考查动词短语的区别。getin“插话，收割”；getaway“离开；走开”；getoff“下车”；getthrough“接通电话，完成，到达，通过”，由此可知该题的答案为D项，意思是“你打通电话了吗？”答案D2．Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoney______inthelibrary.A．discovered B．tobediscoveredC．discovering D．havingdiscovered解析考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：迄今为止，没有人认领在图书馆里发现的钱。因discover与money之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。答案A3．Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting______.A．todiscover B．tobediscoveredC．discovered D．beingdiscovered解析考查不定式的被动式作目的状语。解答这类题时，一定要弄清非谓语动词和主语之间的逻辑关系。句意：在外面有许多有才华的演员等着被发现。tobediscovered为不定式短语作目的状语。discover与其逻辑主语actors之间为动宾关系，且discover动作是将要发生，故用动词不定式的被动式。答案B4．Afterthat，heknewhecould______anyemergencybydoingwhathecouldtothebestofhisability.A．getawaywith B．getonwithC．getthrough D．getacross解析考查get动词短语。句意：(经历过)那件事以后，他知道只要他尽自己所能就能处理任何紧急情况。tothebestof尽……所能；就……的限度。getawaywith携……潜逃；(做了坏事)逍遥法外；getonwith进展；相处；getthrough通过；完成；getacross过(马路、桥等)；使(人)了解自己的意思。由句意可知，C项为最佳选项。答案C5．It’sthesortofworkthat______ahighlevelofconcentration.A．callsfor B．makesupC．lieson D．standsfor解析考查短语动词辨析。callfor需要，需求；makeup编(故事、借口等)；liein位于，在于；standfor代表。根据句意，A项符合。答案A6．Itriedphoningheroffice，butIcouldn’t______.A．getalong B．getonC．getto D．getthrough解析考查动词词组辨析。getalong“相处融洽，进展”；geton“继续，进行，上车”；getto“到达，开始”；getthrough“穿过，通过，读完，打通(电话)”。根据句意：我试着给她办公室打电话，但是没有打通。因此只有getthrough符合句意。答案D7．Itisdifficultto______onetwinfromtheother.Theyalmostdon’t______fromeachother.A．differ；distinguish B．distinguish；differentC．distinguish；differ D．tell；different解析distinguish表示“区分，辨别”，常构成distinguishAfromB，而differfromeachother意为“有区别，不同于”，相当于bedifferentfromeachother。答案C8．—Mum，itisniceweather.Iwanttoskatethisafternoon.—Don’tyouthinktheiceonthelakeistoothinto______yourweight?A．carry B．bearC．catch D．take解析这里的bear不表示“忍受”，而是“承受”的意思。答案B9．Hardlycouldhe______thisamountofworkinsuchashorttime.A．getthrough B．getoffC．getinto D．getdown解析考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这么短的时间内他几乎完不成这么多工作。getthrough有完成之意，符合句意。getoff下车；getinto进入，陷入；getdown“下车，吞下，写下”；都与句意不搭配。答案A10．Itishardforyoungchildrentodistinguishright______wrong.A．with B．toC．from D．between解析distinguishrightfromwrong“辨别是与非”。答案C11．Whenweplanourvacation，motheroftenoffers______suggestions.A．careful B．practicalC．effective D．acceptable解析母亲是长辈，她所拥有的是实用的信息。建议要经过检验之后才知道是否有效，排除C项，可接受的建议不一定实用，排除D项。答案B12．—Mum，we’vegottobe______andbuyonlywhatweneed.—Oh，I’mgladtohearthat.A．practical B．contentC．familiar D．actual解析前句句意：我们一定要实际些，只要我们需要的东西。practical实际的，符合情况的；content满意的；familiar熟悉的；actual实际的。答案A13．Letterboxesaremuchmore______intheUKthanintheUS，wheremostpeoplehaveamailboxinstead.A．common B．normalC．ordinary D．usual解析考查同义词辨析。句意：信箱在英国比在美国更常用，在美国大多数人都有一个邮箱。common指“为许多人或事物所共同具有的，因而常见”；ordinary指“由于与一般事物的性质或标准相同，因而显得平常，无奇特之处，反义词为special”；usual指“在某一地方或某一时间内所常见的，往往指常用的东西，或常发生的事情，反义词为unusual”；normal同regular一样，意为“正常的，正规的，标准的”。答案A14．Startoutrightaway，______you’llmissthefirsttrain.A．and B．butC．or D．which解析句意：立刻出发，否则你会错过第一班火车的。or否则，符合句意。答案C15．ChristmasDayisusuallycelebratedonDecember25th______thebirthofJesusChrist.A．inpraiseof B．inhonorofC．intermsof D．inassociationwith解析考查介词短语辨析。inpraiseof称赞；inhonorof纪念；intermsof在……方面；inassociationwith与……在一起，与……联合。由题意知选B项。答案BⅡ.完形填空Elainewasasaleswoman，whodrovealloverthecityfivedaysaweek.Whenallthefreewaylaneswereatadeadstop，shewoulddrivequicklyalongtheemergencylane.Whiledrivingsheusually__1__onhercellphone，drinkingasodaoreatingasandwich—herhands，legsandmouthwerealways__2__whileshewasdriving.Lastnightshegot__3__inFridayeveningrushhour.Shewasgoingtobe__4__forherdate.Shewasalready__5__whenthingsseemedtobegettingworseandallthetrafficstopped.Elainedrove__6__overtotheemergencylane.Soonshesawtheredflashinglightsinthemirror.Shehadto__7__hercar.Agood­lookingofficerwalkedup.“Officer，myboyfriendleftmeafterhegotmepregnant.Ihaveconstantmorningsickness.I’mjusttryingtogettotheneareststoretobuymy__8__.”Shelookedattheofficerwith__9__eyes.Helookedatherpitifully，thensaid__10__，“Okay，ma’am.Takethefirstexit.Ihopeyou’llbefeelingbetter.”TheofficerwalkedbacktohiscarandElainedroveon.Thiswasthesecondtimethat__11__hadworkedforher.Shehadonemorethingtodobeforeshegothome.Shehadtomailapackage.Whenshegottotheshoppingmallat7pm，noparkingwas__12__，exceptforthehandicappedspace.Elainedroverightintoit.Shewouldonlybeaminute，shetold__13__.Allshehadtodowas__14__thepostoffice，getthepackage__15__，andpaytheclerk.Fortunately，therewasno__16__inthestore.Everythingwasdoneso__17__thatshewaswhistlingwhileshewalkedbackouttohercar.Thenshestopped__18__.Therewasanenvelopeonthewindshield(挡风玻璃)．Sheopeneditslowly.Sheknew__19__itwas，butnothowmuchitwas.Shescreamedwhenshesawthe__20__.Adogstartedbarking.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了在晚上回家的途中发生在女推销员Elaine身上的事情。1.A.depended B．carriedC．talked D．sold解析她在开车时通常打电话、喝苏打汽水或吃三明治。talk(tosb.)onone’scellphone意为“用手机(和某人)通话”。答案C2．A.full B．openC．free D．busy解析在开车时她的手、腿和嘴巴总是闲不住。busy忙碌的，符合语境。答案D3．A.stuck B．hurtC．annoyed D．punished解析昨晚她赶上了周五晚上的交通高峰期。getstuckin意为陷入……。答案A4．A.late B．readyC．excited D．mad解析她的约会要迟到了。belatefor迟到，符合语境。答案A5．A.satisfied B．angryC．exhausted D．calm解析就在事情似乎变得更糟糕，所有的交通都停止的时候，她已经生气了。angry生气的，发怒的。答案B6．A.reluctantly B．immediatelyC．guiltily D．gratefully解析Elaine立即(immediately)将车开上应急车道。此空与文章第一段第二句中的“quickly”相呼应。答案B7．A.stop B．startC．discard D．speed解析她不得不将车停(stop)下。答案A8．A.gas B．ticketC．medicine D．package解析她说她只是想到最近的商店买点儿药(medicine)。答案C9．A.innocent B．aggressiveC．addicted D．proud解析她用无辜的(innocent)眼神望着那名警官。答案A10．A.softly B．rudelyC．strictly D．skeptically解析他满怀同情地看着她，温和地(softly)说：“那行，女士。走第一个出口吧。我希望你会好起来。”答案A11．A.officer B．excuseC．driver D．mistake解析这是那个借口(excuse)第二次奏效了。答案B12．A.adoptable B．accessibleC．acceptable D．available解析当她晚上7点钟到达购物中心的时候，除了残疾人专区外，已没有可供使用的(available)泊车位。答案D13．A.theclerk B．theguardC．theworker D．herself解析她告诉自己，只会停一分钟。反身代词herself在此作told的宾语。答案D14．A.takeout B．getoutC．runinto D．pushinto解析她要做的就是跑进(runinto)邮局，将包裹称重(weighed)，并付钱给工作人员。答案C15．A.weighed B．printedC．repaired D．paid解析参见上题解析。答案A16．A.car B．lineC．police D．service解析幸运的是，不需要排队。line队伍，行列，符合语境。答案B17．A.quickly B．slowlyC．strangely D．quietly解析一切都做得很快(quickly)以至于她往回走向汽车时竟吹起了口哨。答案A18．A.talking B．drivingC．thinking D．whistling解析她停止吹口哨(whistling)。答案D19．A.how B．whyC．what D．that解析她知道那是什么(what)，但她不知道是多少。答案C20．A.letter B．orderC．amount D．invitation解析当她看到罚单上的金额(amount)时，她尖叫起来。答案CⅢ.阅读理解PublicbookshelvesareappearingacrossGermanyonstreetcorners，citysquaresandinsuburbansupermarkets.Inthesefree­for­alllibraries，peoplecangrabwhatevertheywanttoread，andleavebehindanythingtheywantforothers.There’snoneedtoregister，noduedate，andyoucantakeorgiveasmanyasyouwant.“Thisprojectisaimedateveryonewholikestoread.Itisopenforeverybody，”MichaelAubermann，oneoftheorganizersofthefreebookexchangesaid.Thewesterncity’slatestpublicshelfwasputupnexttoBayenturm.ItisthefourthfreeshelfthatAubermann’sgroup，theCologneCitizen’sFoundation，hasplacedoutside.“Wesetupourotheroutdoorshelveslastyearandit’sbeenworkingreallywell，”saidAubermann.Thepublicbookshelves，whichareusuallyfinancedbydonationsandcaredforbylocalvolunteergroups，haveappearedindependentlyofeachotherinmanycities，suburbsandvillages.Eachshelfholdsaround200booksandittakesaboutsixweeksforacompleteturnover，withalltheoldtitlesreplacedbynewones.Evencommercialbookstoresandonlinebooksellersseemtosupporttheideaoffreebookexchanges.“Weseethisprojectratherasasalespromotionthanascompetition，”saidElmarMuether.“Ifbooksarepresenteverywhere，ithelpsourbusiness，too.”Sofar，theColognebookgrouphashadfewproblemswithdamageorotherproblems.Aubermannsaid，“Propaganda(宣传)istheonlykindofliteraturewedonotallowhere.”AtanotherbookshelfintheBayenthalneighborhood，thelowershelvesarereservedforchildren’sliteratureonly.“Itisimportantthatwemakeiteasyforeveryonetoparticipateinthis‘readingcultureonthestreet’—fromoldreaderstokidstoimmigrants，”Aubermannsaid.Whilemostoftheshelveshavesofarbeenputupinupscale_neighborhoods，Aubermannandthe20volunteerswhohelplookaftertheprojectareplanningtoputupfutureshelvesinpoorneighborhoods，wherecitizensoftendon’thaveasmuchaccesstoliterature.【语篇解读】在德国的城市街角、广场和郊区超市，一排排公共书架出现在人们的视野中。你可以随意取阅或捐赠图书。这项免费换书活动得到了人们的支持。1．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthepublicbookshelves?A．Peoplecantakethebooksandleavetheirbooksatwill.B．Peoplecan’tborrowbooksunlesstheydonatebooks.C．Peoplecanborrowwhatevertheylikeafterregistering.D．Peoplehavetoreturnthebooksaccordingtotherequiredtime.解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“peoplecangrabwhatevertheywanttoread，andleavebehindanythingtheywantforothers.There’snoneedtoregister，noduedate，andyoucantakeorgiveasmanyasyouwant.”可知，人们可以随意取阅或捐赠图书，不需要登记，也没有规定的还书时间。答案A2．AccordingtoAubermann，thepublicbookshelves________.A．arefinancedbylocalvolunteersB．havebeengoingwellsincetheirbirthC．weremanagedbythelocalgovernmentD．willholdmorebooksandtakeashorterturnover解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“Wesetupourotheroutdoorshelveslastyearandit’sbeenworkingreallywell”可知，公共书架自诞生以来运行良好。根据第二段第四句话可知A项错误，C、D两项文中没有信息支持。答案B3．Theunderlinedphrase“upscaleneighborhoods”refersto________.A．communitiesthathavemanypeopleB．communitiesthathavemanytallbuildingsC．communitiesthatarefreetoliveinD．communitiesthatareofhighgrade解析词义猜测题。根据后面的“poorneighborh