句型转换（讲义）人教PEP版英语六年级上册

第13讲句型转换知识精讲知识点1陈述句一、肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：I’mastudent.Sheisadoctor.Hewilleatlunchat12:00.Hecanplaybasketball.Heworksinahospital.Therearefourfansinourclassroom.二、否定句肯定句改否定句的方法1.有be动词的，在be动词后加not。如：isnot，arenot，amnot；2.有情态动词的，在情态动词后加not，如：cannot，shouldnot，willnot；，即实义动词类的，在实义动词前加助动词否定形式don’t/doesn’t。4.some改成any。如：Iamagirl.→Iamnotagirl.Youareastudent.→Youarenotastudent.（=Youaren’tastudent.）ThisisTom’sbag.→ThisisnotTom’sbag.(=Thisisn’tTom’sbag.)注意：祈使句的否定有两种：直接在句首加don’t.Closethewindow.→Don’tclosethewindow.句首加No，动词变ing。（一般翻译成禁止做某事）Nosmoking!禁止抽烟！Noparking!禁止停车！知识点2一般疑问句肯定句改一般疑问句的方法1.把be动词放在句首，剩下的照抄，（some改成any，I改成you，my改成your，）句号改成问号。,will等放到句首，剩下的照抄，（some改成any，I改成you，my改成your）句号改成问号。3.上述都没有的，在句首请助动词Do/Does帮忙，剩下的照抄，注意遇到第三人称单数时，谓语动词要还原成原形，（some改成any，I改成you，my改成your，）句号改成问号。注意：句首的第一个字母要大写，句尾标点应为“?”。如：IaminClass6.→AreyouinClass6?YouarefromAmerica.→Areyoufrom

America?Itisanorange.→Isitanorange?Hecansing.→Canhesing?Myfatherlikesreadingnewspapers.（报纸）→Doesyourfatherlikereadingnewspaper?的回答一般疑问句有两种回答，即：肯定回答和否定回答。其中，肯定回答用yes，否定回答用no。语句顺序为：Yes+主语+am/is/are/was/were.|can.|do/does；No+主语+amnot/isn’t/aren’t/can't/don’t/doesn’t如：—AreyouanEnglishteacher?→Yes，Iam./No，Iamnot.—Isthatabird?→Yes,itis./No，itisn’t.DoeshelikeEnglish?→Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.针对性练习一、将下列句子改成一般疑问句：并做肯定回答和否定回答。

is

a

lovely

dog.

________________________________________________

Yes,___________

No,____________

2.

They

are

Lily’s

cousins.

___________________________________________

Yes,___________

No,____________

3.

We

are

classmates.

_______________________________________________

Yes,___________

No,____________

4.

There

is

a

bird

in

the

tree.

_________________________________________

Yes,___________

No,____________

5.

They

are

good

friends.

___________________________________________

Yes,___________

No,____________

6.

I

play

puter

games

every

night.

__________________________________

Yes,___________

No,____________

7.

There

are

many

books

on

the

shelf.

__________________________________Yes,___________

No,____________

8.

They

walk

to

school

every

morning.

_________________________________

Yes,___________

No,____________

二、将下列句子改为一般疑问句。1.They

will

go

to

Beijing

for

the

holiday

this

summer.

________________________________________________

2.

They

are

playing

football

on

the

playground.

________________________________________________

3.

Jimmy

likes

playing

puter

games.

________________________________________________

4.

He

speaks

English

very

well.

________________________________________________

5.

I

will

make

a

present

for

my

mother.

________________________________________________

6.

My

parents

can

sing

English

songs

very

well.

_______________________________________________

7.

English

is

my

favourite

subject.

________________________________________________

8.

She

es

from

America.________________________________________________

知识点3特殊疑问句以特殊疑问词(what,where,who,which,when,whose,why,how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“yes,no”来回答。一般考法是对划线部分提问，一般遵循以下步骤：将陈述句变成一般疑问句；将划线部分用相应的特殊疑问词代替；将特殊疑问词提到句首。例如：Sheworksinafactory.(对划线部分提问）第一步，变一般疑问句：Doessheworkinafactory?第二步，该句划线部分是地点，所以用where，变成：Doessheworkwhere?第三步，特殊疑问词提到句首：Wheredoesshework?针对性练习一、填入适当的疑问词。1._______walletisit?It’smine.2._______isthediary?It’sunderthechair.3._______istheboyinblue?He’sMike.4.A:CanIhavesomepaperandsomecrayons?B:_______?A:BecauseIwanttomakeakite.5.__________isyourcousin?He’s15yearsold.6.__________doyouhavedinner?At6o’clock.7._________oneisfatter,theblueoneortheredone?Theblueone.8.________isyourfather’sjob?Heisadoctor.二、对划线部分提问。1.Icanseeeightapplesinthebox._____________________can_______seeinthebox?2.Myfatherisfinetoday.____________yourfathertoday?3.LiuTaoisplayingfootballintheplayground._____________LiuTao_______intheplayground?4.Thegirlwithbigeyesismysister’sfriend.__________________sister’sfriend?5.I’dlikeanicecakeforbreakfast.___________________likeforbreakfast?6.That’sNancy’sskirt.______________isthat?随堂演练按要求改写句子。It’sabook.（改为一般疑问句）_______ita_______?2.DoyouwatchTVeverySunday?（做肯定回答）_______,I_______.3.Openthedoorforhim.（改为否定句）_______open_____________for_______!4.WearegoingtoseeaBeijingopera.（对划线部分提问）What_______you______________do?5.Hehassomequestions.（改为一般疑问句）_______he______________questions?6.TheyvisitedtheirrelativesandfriendslastSpringFestival.（改为一般疑问句）_______they_______theirrelativesandfriendslastSpringFestival?知识点4therebe结构therebe结构表示“某时、某地存在着什么事物或人”，包括thereis,thereareherebe结构与它类似，用法也完全相同，只不过是表示“这里存在着什么事物或人”。2.和have,has,had的区别：（1）在therebe句型中，主语是单数，be动词用is；主语是复数，be动词用are；be动词根据最近be动词的那个名词决定——“就近原则”。（2）therebe句型的否定句在be动词后加not,一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。（3）therebe句型与have(has)的区别：therebe表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has)表示某人拥有某物。（4）some和any在therebe句型中的运用：some用于肯定句，any用于否定句或疑问句。（6）针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：Howmany+名词复数+arethere+介词短语？Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+介词短语？针对性练习一、用恰当的be动词填空。1.There______fourseasonsinayear.2.There______notanytreestwoyearsago.3.______thereapostofficenearyourschool?Yes,there______.4.Howmanystops______there?There______onlyone.5.There______notanystampsontheenvelope.6.______thereanybirdsinthetree?7.There______ashoppingcentrenearourschoollastyear.Butnowthere______noone.8.There______onlythreeofus:mydad,mymumandme.9.Here______somebreadforyou.10.InNewYork,there______alotofraininspring.二、选用“have,has,thereis,thereare”填空。1.I__________agoodfatherandagoodmother.2.___________abookonthedesk.3.Myfather__________astorybooklastyear.4._________areadingroominthebuilding?5.WhatdoesMike__________?6.Howmanystudents___________intheclassroom?7.___________astorybookonthetableamomentago.8.Myparents____________somenicepictures.9.David’sfriends____________sometents.10.___________manychildrenonthehill.随堂演练按要求完成句子。1.Sheisateacher.（对划线部分提问）______________________________________________________2.Thehospitalisbehindthesupermarket.（对划线部分提问）______________________________________________________3.Sheusuallyreadsbooksinthelibrary.(用thisafternoon代替usually)_______________________________________________________________4.Helikesgoinghiking.(改为否定句)_______________________________________________5.Sarahisgoingthereat7:00.(对划线部分提问)________________________________________________6.Dotheylikeclimbingmountains?(做否定回答)_________________________________________________7.Shefeelsangry.(对划线部分提问)_________________________________________________Eatbeforegoingtobed.(变成否定句)_________________________________________________9.DoesLiuYunworkinacarfactory?(做否定回答)_________________________________________________’mgoingtobeabusinessmanin20years’time.(对划线部分提问)_____________________________________________________________课后作业根据要求完成句子。1.MyfatherwilltakemetoBeijing.（对划线部分提问）______________________________________________________________2.Tomlikeslisteningtothemusic.（改为一般疑问句）______________________________________________________________3.Weshouldtakecareof（照看）theyoungtrees.（改为否定句）______________________________________________________________4.I’mlookingforadress.（对划线部分提问）______________________________________________________________5.Hetakessomepictureseveryday.（改为否定句）______________________________________________________________6.IcanspeakEnglishwell.（改为一般疑问句）______________________________________________________________7.Youcanfindsometalltreesinthepicture.（改为否定句）______________________________________________________________8.IamfromAustralia.（对划线部分提问）______________________________________________________________9.Therearetwelvestudentsoverthere.（对划线部分提问）______________________________________________________________10.WewillvisitAmericanextweek(下一周).（改为否定句）______________________________________________________________11.Therearealotoflovelyanimalsthere.（改为一般疑问句）______________________________________________________________12.Igotoschoolbybus.（对划线部分提问）______________________________________________________________13.Showmeyourlibrarycard.（改为否定句）______________________________________________________________14.Mikewantstobeasinger(歌手)inthefuture.（对划线部分提问）_______________________________________________________________15.JimandBenoftenhelptheirgrandfathercleanroomafterschool.（改为一般疑问句）_______________________________________________________________阅读理解。阅读下列短文，并根据短文内容判断所给句子是否正确，正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”。Everyoneinourschoollovessports.Everymorningafterwegetup,wedomorningexercises.Afterthesecondclasswedoexercisesagain.WeonlyhavePEclassestwiceaweek,butwedophysicaltraining(锻炼)atfiveeveryafternoon.Themostpopularsportisbasketball.Alltheboyslikeplayingitandmanyofthegirlslikeit,too.Another(另一)popularsportisfootballandineveryclasstherearealotoffootballfans.Volleyballisoftenplayedwhentheweather(天气)isfine.Wehaveschoolteamsinbasketball,footballandvolleyball.Ourteamsoftenhavematcheswithteamsfromotherschools.Whenthereisamatchmanyofusgotowatchit.Besides(除……之外)ballgames,someofusliketrackandfieldevents(田径项目),andweoftenpracticerunning,jumpingandthrowing.Everytermwehavetests(测试)intheseeventsandonceayear,weholdasportsmeeting.(

)1.Someofusdon’tlikesportsinourschool.(

)2.WehavethreePEclassesaweek.(

)3.Everyboyofourschoollikesplayingbasketball.(

)4.Weoftenhaveballgameswithteamsfromotherschools.(

)5.Therearen’tanytestsrunning,jumpingandthrowinginourschool.阅读下面短文，选择最佳答案。ThisisJim’sroom.It’sabigroom.Therear