Unit+2+Let's+talk+teens+Grammar+and+Usage+课件-【知识精讲精研】高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册

GrammarandUsageSimple,CompoundandComplexSentencesUnit2Let’stalkteensTheteachergaveaspeech.Manystudentsjoinschoolclub.Weshoulddevelopgoodstudyhabits.Listeningtomusicmakesmerelaxed.Maggieplansherstudycarefully.It’salovelyday.Iwenttoalargelibraryyesterday.SentenceelementsSubjectVerbObject

Complement谓语宾语补语Adverbial状语Predicative表语主语Attributive定语Let’sreviewLet’sdiscoverTypesofsentencesSimplesentenceCompoundsentenceComplexsentence

FiveSimpleSentenceStructures（简单句基本句型

）Subject+Verb(SV)Subject+Verb+Predicative(SVP)Subject+Verb+Object(SVO)Subject+Verb+Indirectobject+Directobject(SVOO)Subject+Verb+Object+Objectcomplement(SVOC)一、简单句(Simplesentence)：TypesofsentencesE.g.Alittlebirdissinging.E.g.Theyalllikeher.E.g.Myfathergivesmemoney.E.g.Settinggoalsmakesyoumoreconfident.E.g.Thesehabitsarehelpful.S+VS+V+OS+V+O+OS+V+O+OCS+V+P句子中只有_______主语（或并列主语）和_______谓语（或并列谓语），句子的各个成分都是由单词和短语充当。一个一个简单句按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。1.陈述句:说明一个事实或陈述一种看法,有肯定句和否定句之分。Sheisfondofcollectingstamps.Hedoesn'twanttomeetme.2.疑问句:提出问题,有以下四种:(1)一般疑问句Canyoufinishtheworkintime?(2)特殊疑问句Wheredoyoulive?(3)选择疑问句Doyouwantteaorcoffee?(4)反意疑问句He

doesn't

know

her,

does

he?3.祈使句:提出请求、建议或发出命令。Sit

down,

please.

4.感叹句:表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。What

good

news

it

is!二、并列句(Compoundsentence)：TypesofsentencesE.g.OnedayJohnwaslate,andhisteacherwasangry.E.g.Thechildrencangowithus,ortheycanstayathome.E.g.Wedidn'twin,butwecameclose.E.g.It'sasmallcar,yetit'ssurprisinglyspacious.E.g.Ibelievedher,forshewouldnotlietome.E.g.Itwasstillpainful,soIwenttoseeadoctor.andorbutyetorforsosimplesentencesimplesentencealinkingword并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句通过并列连词and,but,or,so等连接起来的较长句子。当用并列句表达思想时，要注意两个并列分句之间没有从属关系，它们是同等重要的独立分句。Conjunctions（连词）

用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子的词叫连词。连词是虚词,在句中不能独立充当句子成分,只起连接作用。连词在句中不能单独作句子成分，一般不重读。连词按其性质可分两类：并列连词(CoordinateConjunctions)和从属连词(SubordinateConjunctions)。CoordinateConjunctions并列连词

并列连词是指用以连接单词、短语、从句或句子的连词。并列连词按其作用分为表示并列、选择、转折和因果关系的四大类。1.表示并列关系的并列连词常见的表示并列关系的并列连词有:and,notonly...butalso...,aswellas,both...and...,neither...nor...,它们用来连接两个并列或对称关系的单词、短语或分句。并列连词（短语）用法例句and“和”，表并列或顺承关系Ilikeapples,orangesandbananas.表示并列关系的并列连词both…and…两者都…；谓语复数Bothyouandsheareright.你和她都是对的。notonly…butalso…不但……而且……；谓语就近NotonlyIbutalsomysisterenjoysdancing.不仅我喜欢跳舞，我妹妹也喜欢。表示并列关系的并列连词aswellas也，又；用来强调aswellas前面部分Paulisawriteraswellasateacher.保罗不仅是一位老师，也是一位作家。neither…nor…既不……也不；谓语就近NeitheryounorIamfromAustralia.你和我都不是来自澳大利亚。Practice1.(2023,扬州)Everyonewillhavetogetoutoftheirhouses________meettheirneighbors.A.and B.but C.or D.so√2.(宜昌)--It'sapitythat________myteachers______parentsallowmetoswimalone.--Afterallyouaretooyoung,safetyfirst.A.either;orB.neither;norC.both;andD.notonly;butalso√3.(临沂)Abreakbetweenclassesisagoodtimeforstudentstoplaysportsandtalkwiththeirclassmates.Soit________helpswithstudents'health,_______improvestheirsocialskills.A.either;orB.neither;norC.notonly;butalso√2.表示选择关系的并列连词常见的表示选择关系的并列连词有:or,either...or...等。(1)or的用法①or意为“或”,表示一种选择关系。Wouldyouliketeaorcoffee?你想喝茶还是咖啡?②or用在“祈使句+or...”结构中,其中or在此意为“否则”。Studyhard,oryouwillfailintheexam.努力学习,否则你不会通过这次考试。③or用在否定句中代替and表示并列关系。Hecan'treadorwrite.他既不会读也不会写。2.表示选择关系的并列连词(2)either...or...意为“不是……就是……;或者……或者……”

动词与邻近的主语保持一致,即遵循“就近原则”。Eitheryouorhehastogo.=Eitherheoryouhavetogo.

不是你就是他得去。Practice1.(哈尔滨)--Whichsportdoyouprefer,volleyball______basketball?--Iprefervolleyball.A.orB.andC.but√√2.(2023,河北)Hurryup,_______youwillmissthebeginningoftheconcert.A.so B.or C.and D.but3._____Lily_____Lucymaygowithyoubecauseoneofthemmuststayathome.

A.Neither;norB.Either;orC.Both;andD.Notonly;butalso

√3.表示转折关系的并列连词常见的表示转折关系的并列连词有while,but,yet,however等,用来连接两个意思不同甚至相反的单词、短语或分句。IwasborninHefeiwhileIgrewupinChangchun.我出生在合肥,然而在长春长大。Hewantstogo,buthissisterwantstostay.他想走,但他妹妹想留下。Heworkedhard,yethefailedtopasstheexam.他学习很努力,然而却没有通过考试。Practice1.(2023,江西)Marycutherkneebadly,________shedidn’tcry.A.but B.as C.so D.since

√√2.Thefirsttwoservicesarefree,__________thethirdcosts£35.00.

A.whenB.whereC.soD.while3.Hehasagoodjob,and___________heneverseemstohaveanymoney.

A.howeverB.stillC.yetD.or√4.表示因果关系的并列连词常见的表示因果关系的并列连词有so,for。I’mveryhungry,soImusteatsomefood.我好饿，所以我必须吃点食物。Imustbeawayforaweek,forI’llfixthemachineforafactory.我必须离开一周,因为要为一家工厂修机器。Tips：for表示原因时，是并列连词连接两个简单句；because表示原因时，是从属连词,引导原因状语从句1.

表示并列关系的并列句，常见的连接词有：and,both...and,notonly...butalso,aswellas等；2.

表示选择关系的并列句，常见的连接词有：or,either...or,等；3.

表示转折和对比关系的并列句，常见的连接词有：but,while,yet,however等；4.

表示因果关系的并列句，常见的连接词有：for,so,therefore等。Mostoftheclasswentonthetrip;however,LiHuastayedatschool.Thegirlsdidthedishes;theboyssweptthefloor.Ienjoyplayingtennis,butIhateplayingbasketball.Itstartedtorainsuddenly,sowestoppedplantingourtrees.用并列连词（如and、but、so、yet等）连接并列分句还可用连接副词或分号来连接。请判断下列句子是简单句还是并列句。1.Herantothebookstoreandboughtthenovel.2.Hegaveittome,andIgaveittoJohn.3.Shedoesn’tlikethenewhouseandwantstosellit.4.Mybrotheristhetallestamongus,forheisolderthanus.简单句

并列句

简单句

并列句

请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。Hewastired,sohewenttobed.1.Hewastired.Hewenttobed.2.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt.Hewasafraidofthedog.3.Hemadeapromise.Hedidn’tkeepit.Hemadeapromise,butHedidn’tkeepit.Thechildhidbehindhismother'sskirt,forhewasafraidofthedog.三、复合句(Complexsentence)：TypesofsentencesE.g.WhatIwanttoexplainisthis.E.g.Weknowthatbeingateenagerissometimesdifficult.E.g.Theproblemiswhenwecandealwithit.E.g.Ilikethecakewhichyouboughtyesterday.E.g.Ifyourproblemisanewone,writeapostaboutit.E.g.Iheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子结构叫复合句(complexsentence)，主句为主体，从句不能独立，只作句子的一个成分。（从句有：名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句）复合句与并列句的区别在于，前者有主句和从句之分，而后者没有，分句和分句之间的关系是平等的。连接并列句的词叫并列连词，而连接复合句的词叫从属连词。复合句与简单句：复合句=简单句+从属连词+简单句Hetoldme

thenews.宾语that

thematchhadbeencancelled.whenhewasleavingforParis.howmuchhewaspreparedtopayformycar.宾语从句Heworkedinthatfactorythreeyearsago.地点状语wherehisfatherworked时间状语whenhelivedthere.名词性从句：名词性从句在句子中起一个名词的作用。它可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。e.g.Whateverhesaid

isgoodenoughforus.

（作主语）Weallbelieve

whathesaid.（作宾语）Theproblemis

whowecangettoreplaceher.（作表语）Thefact

thatthemoneyhasgone

doesn’tmeanitwasstolen.

（作同位语）状语从句：e.g.Whenhegothome,hedrankacupoftea.

(时间状语)Wemustcampintheplacewherewecangetwater.(地点状语)Shewaslatebecauseshemissedtheearlybus.(原因状语)

WhenIcallyourname,shoutoutsothatweknowyou’rehere.(目的状语)

Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthefirstbus.(结果状语)

AlthoughIbelieveit,yetImustconsider.(让步状语)

Wewillgototheparkifitdoesn’traintomorrow.(条件状语)定语从句：修饰句子中的某一名词或代词，被修饰的词叫先行词，引导定义从句的连接词叫关系词。e.g.Themanwhohasanumbrellainhishandisuncle.指出下列各从句的类型。Ibelievethateverythingisgoingonwell.ShewasreadinganovelwhenIcamein.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestinmyclass.宾语从句状语从句定语从句用所给连词连接句子。1.Hehasfoundout.Shewaslate.(why)Hehasfoundoutwhyshewaslate.2.Istillremembertheday.IfirstwenttoYorkonthatday.(when)IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstwenttoYork.将各组句子连接为一个含有状语从句的复合句。1.Hedidn’tcomeyesterday.Hewasill.(原因)Hedidn’tcomeyesterdaybecausehewasill.2.I’llgivethelettertohim.Iseehim.（时间）I’llgivethelettertohimwhenIseehim.I’llgivethelettertohimassoonasIseehim.I’llgivethelettertohimthemomentIseehim.3.Itissuchabigbox.Nobodycanmoveit.（结果）4.We’llgototheGreatWall.It’sfinetomorrow.(条件)5.Weshouldnotgothereallthetime.Theplaceisquitepleasant.(让步)Itissuchabigboxthatnobodycanmoveit.We’llgototheGreatWallifit’sfinetomorrow.Althoughtheplaceisquitepleasant,weshouldnotgothereallthetime.句子类型简单句并列句主从复合句定语从句状语从句名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句只有一个主谓结构一个主句+一个（以上）从句简单句+并列连词+简单句Let’ssummarize•Asimplesentenceismadeupofoneindependentclausewhichhasonesubject-verbcombination.•Acompoundsentencecontainstwoormoremainclauses.Weuselinkingwordssuchas(1)________,or,(2)_______,

soorfortolinktheclauses.Workingouttherulesandbut•Acomplexsentencecontainsonemainclauseandatleastonesubordinateclause.Asubordinateclausecanbethesubject,predicative,object,attributiveoradverbialofthesentence.WorkingouttherulesAcomplexsentencesubjectpredicativeobjectattributiveadverbialConclusion3onemainclauseatleastonesubordinateclauseSimplesentences添加标题Yourpasswordshouldbemorethaneightlettersornumbers.Thismakesitdifficulttoguess.Yourpasswordshouldbemorethaneightlettersornumbers_________thismakesitdifficulttoguess.ComplexCompound/ComplexsentencesTiptrytofindthelogicalrelationsbetweensentencesbecausereasonresultPostsshouldnotgiveoutpersonalinformation.Theyshouldnotincludeadvertisements.Postsshouldnotgiveoutpersonalinformation______theyshouldnotincludeadvertisements.andCompoundDescribeyourproblemsclearly.Otherpeoplecanunderstandthemeasily.Describeyourproblemsclearly_____otherpeoplecanunderstandthemeasily.socompoundTheexpertswillreplytoyou.Theyseeyourposts.Theexpertswillreplytoyou________theyseeyourposts.Whatdoyouthinkofourforum?Letusknow.Letusknowwhatdoyouthinkofourforum.complexcomplexwhenonceassoonasdoPleasepointoutthetypesofsentencesbelow.1.Heatedargumentsandcoldsilencesarecommonbetweenteenagersandtheirparents.2.Thegoodnewsisthatthisstormyperiodwillnotlast.3.Everythingwillturnoutallrightintheend,andthechangesandchallengesofyourteenageyearswillprepareyouforadulthood.simplecompoundcomplex4.Itisourdutytoloveourcountryandourenvironment.5.Nowadays,websitesarespringingup,andIwillturntoexpertsfromrelevantwebsitesforhelp.6.Iwillconsultmyteachersbecausetheycangivemeusefulandpracticaladvice.simplecompoundcomplexTeresaistalkingtoherfriendJackaboutherparents.Completetheconversationwiththecorrectlinkingwordsintheboxbelow.andbecausebuthowifthatunlesswhy

Teresa:I'munderalotofstressthesedays(1)________myparentsarealwayscomparingmewithmyfriends.They’reneversatisfied(2)________Idobetterthanallmyfriends--inschoolwork,inhobbies,ineverything!becauseunlessJack:That’sterrible.Icansee(3)______you’reanxious.Youshouldtellyourparents(4)_____you'retryingyourbest.There'snopointincomparingyouwithothersallthetime.Everyoneisunique.Teresa:Iknow,(5)______myparentsdon'tseemtounderstandthat.(6)______theycontinuelikethis,I'llloseconfidenceinmyself.whythatbutIfandbecausebuthowifthatunlesswhy

Jack:Ithinkyourparentsaretoostrictwithyou.Don’ttakeapassiveroleintherelationship.Talktothem.Letthemknow(7)_______youfeel.Sometimes,competitioncanpushyoutodobetter.Rightnow,it'sjustmakingyouanxiousandhavingabadinfluenceonyourperformance.howandbecausebuthowifthatunlesswhy

Teresa:Thankyou,Jack.I'lltrytalkingtomyparents.Jack:Cheerup,Teresa.They'llunderstand

(8)______everythingwillturnoutallright!andandbecausebuthowifthatunlesswhy

1....Myparentsarealwayscomparingme______myfriends.2.There'snopointin__________(compare)youwithothersallthetime.3.Ithinkyourparentsaretoostrict______you.4.Don'ttakeapassiverole_____therelationship.5.I'lllose___________(confident)inmyself.6.Sometimes,___________(compete)canpushyoutodobetter.7.Rightnow,it'sjustmakingyouanxiousandhavingabadinfluence_____yourperformance.Readandcompletethefollowingsentences:withcomparingwithinconfidencecompetitionon/uponcompareAwithB比较compareAtoB比喻comparisonn.比较comparedwith/to与...相比

Thereisnopoint(in)doing做某事没有意义

bestrictwithsb.insth.对某人某事严格play/takea...rolein...在...扮演角色/起作用have/loseconfidencein...有信心/失去信心competev.竞赛竞争compe