2023年中考英语第二轮语法专项复习：非谓语动词

学校：班级：姓名：

非谓语动词

【复习目标】

1.学习非谓语动词的、分类和用法。

2.把抽象的非谓语动词通过归纳总结和直击中考，深化学生对非

谓语动词的理解，并加以熟练运用。

【预习导学】

一、重点知识点

（一）非谓语动词包括...

（二）动词不定式的构成：to+.它没有人称和数的变

化.

动词不定式的否定形式：.

（三）动名词的构成：.

二、重点短语

1.介词后：beafraidof（落后），without（说

再见）

2.固定短语：bebusy（讨论）

keep（尝试新的想法）

finish写完作文，

考虑做某事：___________________

suggestme_________________

习惯吸烟：beusedto,

盼望收到你的来信yourletter

remembertodo___________________

rememberdoing___________________

forgettodo___________________

forgetdoing_________________

stoptodo_________________

stopdoing___________________

goontodo__________________

goondoing__________________

三、重点句型

1.Whatabout(go)outforawalk?

2.Wecouldn'thelp(laugh)afterweheardthefunnystory.

3.Shedidn'tmindovertime.(work)

4.Shewaspraisedforthelifeofthechild.(save)

5.Sheoughttobepraisedinsteadof(criticize).

6.Doyouremember(buy)meabeautifulskirtonmy

13thbirthday?

7.Hecametothepartywithout(invite)

8.Don'tkeepme(wait)foralongtime.

9.Knivesareusedfor(cut)things.

10.Canyoufinish(read)thebookinthreedays?

11.Thedoctorwasbusy(operate)ontheboyatthat

time.

12.Stop(talk)andlistentomecarefully.

13.Thankyouverymuchfor(help)us.

14Grannyisveryillandshedoesn'tfeellike(eat)

anything.

15.Thegirlenjoys(listen)tolightmusic.

16.Haveyoudecided(怎样度假).

17.Itisdangerous(玩火).

18.Shewasthefirstwoman（环球飞行的）.

19.Theboywasmade（重复他自己的故事）.

20.Theoldladylookedatthechildren（穿过马路）.

21.Ittookmemuchtime（算出这些难题.）yesterday.

22.Thebossmadetheworkers（一天工作十小时）.

23.1don'tknow（在会上说什么）.

24.Canyoutellme（在哪里能买到这本书）？

25.（在何时何地召开这会议）hasrftbeendecidedyet.

【考点讲解】

非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。它们没

有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语，但可以有自己的宾语、

状语和逻辑主语等。

考点一、动词不定式

（一）不定式有两种，肯定（todo）否定（nottodo）o

1.做主语。作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面

ItisnoteasyforustospeakEnglish.

2.做表语。多数情况下，不定式作表语可转换为作主语

Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.=Tocleantheroomevery

dayismywork.

3.做宾语。只能作某些动词的宾语，一般不作介词的宾语

Hehopestogetagoodjobinthecity.

4.做宾语补足语。在make,let,see,hear,watch等使役、感官

动词后，不定式省略to

Mymothermademeplaythepianoallthetime.

5.定语。不定式作定语，要放在所修饰词的后面

Haveyougotanythingtosay?

6.状语。不定式作状语，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致

IwenttothelibrarytostudyEnglish.

（二）常接动词不定式作宾语的动词

afford负担得起agree同意choose选择

decide决定expect期望

fail失败happen碰巧hope希望

learn学习manage设法need需要

offer提供plan计戈！Jprefer更喜欢

prepare准备promise承诺refuse拒绝

wish希望wouldlike/want想要

注意hadbetter后接省略to的不定式，表示“最好做……”

（三）不定式常见的句型

l.Itis+adj.+of/forsb.todosth.意为“对某人来说做某事怎么样”

2.usedtodo…意为"过去常常……”

3.too+adj./adv.+todosth.意为“太...而不能做某事”

4.1fsone'sturntodosth.意为“轮到某人做某事了”

5.Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.意为“某人花多长时间做某

事”

6.adj./adv,+enoughtodosth.意为“足够...去做某事“

拓展

对于to要特别注意，它既可作动词不定式的符号也可作介词。如

果是介词，后面需跟名词、代词或动名词。初中阶段常见t。作介词的

短语有：

holdto坚持；抓住

lookforwardto盼望；期待

be/get/becomeusedto习惯

payattentionto注意；认真听讲

devoteoneselfto献身于；致力于

lookupto敬仰;尊敬

leadto导致(引起；通向)

prefer…to…比起...更喜欢....

stickto坚持

taketo开始从事

殊；

特殊⑴一些使役动词和感官动词，用不定式做宾补，省略to

这些动词有：一感(feel)、二听(listen,hear)、三让(let,have,

make)、四看(watch,see,lookat,notice)、半帮助(help)

l.Thenewsmakesme(laugh).

2.Theteacherletsus_(go)outtoplay.

3.1helpmymother_(do)somehousework.

4.1sawhim___(go)intotheclassroomjustnow.

特殊⑵不定式可以和疑问词who,when,what,how,等构成不定式短

语，在句中作主语，宾语和表语。

e.g:l.Hedoesn'tknowwhat(say).

2.1wonderwhere(go).

3.Canyoutellmehow(get)there?

4.Shecan'tdecidewhichbook(choose).

特殊⑶某些固定短语

goswimming////

dosomeshopping////

实战演练场

1.Wouldyoulike(see)afilmthisevening?

2.1finditeasy(play)computergames.

3.Lucyaskedme(notturn)uptheradio.

4.Mymotheroftentellsme___(drink)morewater.

5.Itisimportantforus(learn)Englishwell.

6.1ttakesmefiveminutes(finish)thejob.

7.Susan'sdreamis(be)adoctor.

8.1havealotofhomework(do).

9.TomcametoChina(study)Chineseculture.

考点二、动名词

(-)动名词由“动词原形+-ing”构成，它与现在分词同形。动名

词既有动词的性质，也有名词的性质。

1.做主语。谓语动词用单数。

Readingaloudisveryhelpful.大声朗读很有用。

作主语时常用it作形式主语It'snousequarrelling.

2.做表语。多数情况下，动名词作表语可转化成作主语。

HisjobisteachingEnglish/=TeachingEnglishishisjob.)

3.做宾语。作动词或介词的宾语，表示一般的习惯、抽象行为或

经常性的动作。

Wearethinkingofmakinganewplan。

则常用it作形式宾语Wefounditnogoodmakingfunof

others.

4.定语。只表示它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等，置于修饰语

之前。

Hecan'twalkwithoutawalkingstick.

(二)常见接动名词作宾语的动词

(v.+doingsth.)

avoid避免consider考虑enjoy喜欢

finish完成feellike想要keep保持

mind介意practice练习suggest建议

stopsb.(from)doingsth.阻止某人做某事

bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事

be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事

can't/couldn'thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事

feellikedoingsth.想要做某事

lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事

我们可按下面的顺口溜记忆这些词。

完成实践值得忙(finish,practice,beworth,bebusy)

继续习惯别放弃(keepon,beusedto,giveup)

考虑建议不禁想(consider,suggest,can'thelp,feellike)

喜欢思念要介意(enjoy,miss,mind)

考点3非谓语动词易混词组辨析

有些动词短语后既可跟不定式也可跟动名词，但意义有很大不同O

如stoptodosth.停下来去做某事

stopdoingsth.停下正在做的事

remembertodosth.记住要做某事(动作未发生)

rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事(动作已发生)

forgettodosth.忘记做某事(动作未发生)

forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事(动作已发生)

实战演练场

l.Shewassupposedinhospital,butpeoplefoundherinthe

office.

A.tolieB.lyingC.lieD.lies

2.---Lefs_playinthestreet.

——Fathertellsmedoso.

A.notto;nottoB.not;nottoC.don't;tonotD.notto;don?t

3.Theoldmanisillandhedoesn'tfeellike.

A.toeatsomethingB.toeatanything

C.eatingsomethingD.eatinganything

4.TrytosingmoreEnglishsongs,youwillfinditinterestinga

foreignlanguage.

A.learningB.leamsC.learnD.tolearn

5.IttookmetwoweeksreadingthenovelswrittenbyGuo

Jingming..

A.finishB.tofinishC.finishesD.finishing

6.---1didn'thearyoucomeinjustnow.

-That'sgood.Wetriedanynoise,foryouweresleeping.

A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.tomakeD.making

7.1norderforthemeeting,mysisterforcedherselftogetup

earlythismorning.

A.nottobelateB.notbeinglateC.tobelateD.beinglate

8.Weadviseparentstheirchildrenathomealoneinorderto

keepthemawayfromdanger.

A.notleaveB.nottoleaveC.leaveD.toleave

9.Yourfatherissleeping.You'dbetter.

A.nottowakehimupB.notwakehimup

C.notwakeuphimD.nottowakeuphim

lO.Listen!Canyouhearababy?

A.cryB.tocryC.cryingD.cries

【中考练兵】

1.（2019重庆A卷）Hetookoffhisexpensivewatchthefact

thathewasrich.

A.tohideB.hidC.hideD.hidden

2.（2019天津）Thegovernmentissettingupnatureparks

protectpandas.

A.tohelpB.helpC.helpedD.helps

3.（2019镇江）Tomysurprise,Daniel'sparentsallowedhim

ShanghaiDisneylandwithme.

A.tovisitB.visitingC.visitD.visits

4.（2019盐城）Mr.Wukeepshisstudentsthatthefuture

belongstothewell-educated.

A.tellingB.totellC.orderingD.toorder

5.（2019海南改编）Mrs.Greenrefusessweetfood.She

doesn'twanttogetfat.

A.eatB.eatingC.toeatD.eaten

6.（2019吉林改编）Michaelvisitsmanywebsitesabout

Chineseculture.

A.learnB.learnedC.tolearnD.learning

7.（2019石家庄裕华区一模）Herparentsaskedherhome

before9：00everyday.

A.togetB.getC.gotD.getting

8.（2019石家庄28中二模）Hedreamsateacherfromsix

yearsold.Ibelievehewillrealizehisdream.

A.becomeB.tobecomeC.attendD.toattend

9.（2019沧州二模）Mr.Zhouisgoodatcookingandhehasdecided

hisownrestaurant.

A.openB.openedC.toopenD.opening

10.Whenyouleavetheroom,don'tforgetthekeytome.

A.bringingB.bringC.broughtD.tobring

11.LiHuastoppeditupwhenhesawasharingbikefalling

down.

A.liftingB.liftC.toliftD.lifted

12.MyparentsoftenencouragemeuponmyownwhereI

falldown.

A.tostandB.standC.standingD.stood

13.Tokeepchildrenawayfromdanger,wewarnparents

childrenathomealone.

A.toleaveB.notleaveC.nottoleaveD.leaving

14.Theworkersarebusywindowstothenewbuildings

thesedays.

A.tofixB.fixingC.fixedD.fix

15.MeriSnowMountainisnotfarawayfromhere,butitwillstill

takeusafewhourstherebybike.

A.gettingB.toget