高考英语一轮复习 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela -a modern hero课下作业（一-三）（含解析）试题

Unit5课下作业（一~三）课下作业（一）考点过关针对练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．TsinghuaUniversity,founded(建立)in1911,isoneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.2．Ourcompanyismoreconcernedwithquality(质量)thanquantity.3．Theymanagedtoescape(逃脱)fromtheburningbuildingbybreakingdownthedoor.4．Thegovernmentrewarded(奖赏)himforsavingtheoldmaninthewell.5．Blackpeoplecouldnotvote(选举)orchoosetheirleadersinthepast.6．Wemayhavedifferentopinions(看法；意见)inorganizingclassactivities.7．Hewasinvolvedinabankrobberyandwassentenced(判处)tosixyearsinprison.8．I'dliketothankmyfriend,who'sbeenverygenerous(慷慨的)withhistime.Ⅱ.语境语法填空1．ThefirsttimeIheardofStephenHawking,Iwasmovedbyhis❶devotion(devote)totheresearch.Asforhisdailylife,hewas❷ingreattrouble.Forexample,onlywhenheturned❸tothecomputerwasitpossibleforhimtospeak,readandwrite.However,hedevoted❹himself(he)tothestudyofscienceandhiscontributionstotheworldhadnoequal.2．Wehavereachedastage❶wherewemusttakeeffectivemeasurestoprotecttheenvironmentfromgoingbadtoworse.Now,anyonewhodoesharmtoourenvironmentwon'tescape❷being_punished(punish)．Andthepastfewmonths❸have_witnessed(witness)changesintheenvironment.Theairquality,❹asisshowninthereport,hasimprovedgradually.3．WheneverIamintrouble,IturntomyEnglishteacher❶forhelp.Heisverygenerous❷withhistime,forwhichIamverygrateful.Inhisopinion,onlywhenonedoesn'tloseheartandbe❸hopeful(hope)aboutfuturecanheachievegreatsuccess.Thankstohis❹selfless(self)helpandencouragement,thelasttwoyearshaveseenmyprogressbothacademicallyand❺mentally(mental)．Ⅲ.语境改错1．文中共有5处错误，每句中最多有两处，请找出并改正。NelsonMandeladevotedallhislifetorealizethedreamthatpeoplewithdifferentcolorsshouldbeequally.Hesetupalawofficetoofferguidanceforpoorblackpeopleontheirlegalproblems.Oneday,oneofhissupporterhelpedhimblowupthegovernmentbuildingstofightfortheirrights.Unfortunately,hesentencedtoprisonforlifeonRobbenIslanduntil1990.答案：第一句：realize→realizing;equally→equal第二句：for→to第三句：supporter→supporters第四句：he后加was2．文中共有5处错误，每句中最多有两处，请找出并改正。Borninapoorfamily,hereceivedalmostnoschooleducationatallbutheneverlosthisheart.Hehasdevotedhimtomusicandturnedtomanyfamouspeopleforadvice.Inadditiontohisdevotionstomusic,heisalsokind­hearted.Notonlyishereadytohelpthosewhoisintrouble,butalsohelovesanimal,whichbecomehisdevotedaudience.答案：第一句：去掉his第二句：him→himself第三句：devotions→devotion第四句：第二个is→are;animal→animalsⅣ.根据提示补全句子1．我第一次在会议厅演讲时非常紧张。(thefirsttime)Iwasverynervousthe_first_time_I_gave_a_speech_in_the_meeting_hall.2．这是一个没有收音机、没有电话，也没有电视的时期。(Thisisatimewhen)This_was_a_time_when_there_were_no_radios,_notelephonesornoTVsets.3．这座古庙见证了过去二百年里这个村庄的巨大变迁。(see)The_old_temple_has_seen_great_changes_of_the_villageinthepasttwohundredyears.4．只有通过多练习剪纸，你才能掌握这门民间艺术。(倒装句)Onlybypractisingpaper­cuttingmorecan_you_learn_the_folk_art.5．众所周知，杜威确实喜爱足球运动。(强调谓语动词)Asweknow,DuWeidoes_like_football.课下作业（二）话题阅读培优练Ⅰ.根据提示填空Robert,agreatgolfplayer,oncewonatournament.After❶receiving(receive)thecheck,hewalkedalonetohiscarintheparkinglotand❷was_approached(approach)byayoungwoman.She❸congratulated_him_on_his_victory(祝贺他取得胜利)andthentoldhimthatherchild❹was_seriously_ill(病得很严重)andneardeath.Shedidnotknowhowshecouldpaythedoctor'sbills.Touchedbyherstory,Robertgavethechecktothewoman.Thenextweekhe❺was_having_lunch(正在吃午饭)inarestaurantwhenaProfessionalGolfAssociationofficialcametohistable.“Theguardintheparkinglottoldmeyoumetayoungwomanthereafteryouwonthattournament.”Robertnodded.“Well，”saidtheofficial,“Ihave❻a_piece_of_bad_news(一条坏消息)foryou.She'sa❼liar(lie)．Shehasnosickbabyandshe'snoteven❽married(marry)．Shecheatedyou,myfriend.”“Youmeanthereisnobabywhoisdying？”saidRobert.“That'sright，”saidtheofficial.“That'sthebestnewsI'veheardallthisweek.”Robertsaid.Ⅱ.片段选词填空becomepopular，inaddition，majorin，giveup，preparefor，temporary，dropoutof，dowellin，struggle，atthebeginningofAfooddeliverycourier(送餐员)inSichuanrecently❶became_popularontheInternet.HebecameknownbecausehemessageshiscustomersinEnglish.Thecourier,namedMaoShaomu,isjust18yearsold.HecametoSichuanInternationalStudiesUniversity(SISU)tobeacourier❷at_the_beginning_ofMarch.Maotold“ChongqingMorningPost”thathesendsEnglishmessagestocustomerstopracticeEnglish,sinceheexpectsthatSISUstudentscanallspeakEnglish.Mao❸struggledinscienceclassesbeginninginhismiddleschoolyears,buthealways❹did_well_inEnglish.InspiredbyhisEnglishteacher,whoearnedauniversityspotthroughindependentstudy,Maochosetoformally❺drop_out_ofhighschool.Eversince,enteringSISUhasbecomeagoalfortheyoungman.Afterhedroppedoutofhighschool,everyjobMaotookwas❻temporarybecausehealwayswantedtostudyEnglish.LastSeptemberhetookapart­timejobatabar.Hehopeditwouldgivehimthechancetochatwithforeigners.AtthebeginningofMarch,he❼gave_uphisjobagainandbecameafooddeliverycourieratSISU.He❽prepared_forthecollegeentranceexamallthetime.Theexamwillbeheldinthesecondhalfofthisyear.Thesedays,middayisthebusiesttimeforMao.HeusesmostafternoonstostudyEnglish.Hesayshispreferenceisto❾major_inEnglishorinternationalcommunications.eq\o(○,\s\up1(10))In_addition,_hehopestogotoBeijingtoearnamaster'sdegreeandbecomeaninterpreter.课下作业（三）高考语篇提能练Ⅰ.阅读理解AHenriettaSwanLeavittwasbornonJuly4,1869,inMassachusetts.Littleisknownaboutherprivatelife.Asacollegestudent,shestudiedanumberofsubjectsandfellinlovewithastronomy.Leavittnevermarriedandwasconsideredaseriouswomanwithlittletimetowasteonunimportantaspectsoflife.Herco­workersdescribedheraspleasantandfriendly,andmuchfocusedontheimportanceoftheworkshewasdoing.Shebegantoloseherhearingasayoungwomanduetoaconditionthatonlyworsenedwithtime.In1893,shebeganworkingatHarvardCollegeObservatoryunderthedirectionofastronomerE．C.Pickering.Hedirectedagroupofwomen,whowerecalled“computers”．These“computers”conductedimportantastronomyresearchbystudyingphotographicplates(照相底片)oftheskyandcataloging(编目录)characteristicsofstars.Thewomenwerenotallowedtooperatetelescopes,whichlimitedtheirabilitytoconducttheirownresearch.Theylivedatatimewhenwomen'scontributionswereundervaluedorignored.HenriettaLeavittcontinuedherresearchuntiljustbeforeherdeath,alwaysthinkingofherselfasanastronomer,despiteherstartasanameless“computer”inPickering'sdepartment.WhileLeavittwasnotofficiallyrecognizedduringherlifeforherwork,HarlowShapley,theastronomerwhowastheHarvardCollegeObservatorydirector,didrecognizeherworthandmadeherheadofStellarPhotometryin1921.AtthattimeLeavittwassufferingfromcancer,andshediedatthesameyear.ThispreventedherfrombeingrecognizedasaNobelPrizeownerforhercontributions.Afterherdeath,hernamewasplacedonalunarcrater(月球陨石坑),andasteroid(小行星)5383Leavittcarrieshername.Atleastonebookhasbeenpublishedaboutherandhernameisusuallymentionedaspartofthehistoryofastronomicalcontributions.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在大学的时候，Leavitt就对天文学产生了浓厚的兴趣。虽然那个年代存在对女性的歧视，但这并没有影响Leavitt取得非凡的成就。1．WhatcanwelearnaboutLeavitt?A．Shewashardtogetalongwith.B．Shesufferedfromcancerinchildhood.C．Sheneverregardedherselfasanastronomer.D．Shebecameinterestedinastronomyatcollege.解析：选D细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“Asacollegestudent,shestudiedanumberofsubjectsandfellinlovewithastronomy.”可知，Leavitt在大学期间就对天文学产生了兴趣。2．Whywerethewomenregardedas“computers”？A．Theydevotedthemselvestoscience.B．Theywerelookeddownuponbyothers.C．Theyusedtoserveasworkingcomputers.D．Theyknewnothingbutphotographicplates.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“Theylivedatatimewhenwomen'scontributionswereundervaluedorignored.”可以推断出，她们被人们叫作“computers”是因为在那个年代，女性的成就是被人低估或忽视的。3．WhathappenedafterLeavitt'sdeath?A．Shewashonoredinaspecialway.B．ANobelPrizewasawardedtoher.C．Oneofherbookswaspublished.D．Herachievementswereignored.解析：选A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Afterherdeath,hernamewasplacedonalunarcrater(月球陨石坑),andasteroid(小行星)5383Leavittcarrieshername.”可知，Leavitt去世后人们用特别的方式纪念她。4．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLeavitt?A．Devoted. B．Generous.C．Reliable. D．Energetic.解析：选A推理判断题。通读全文可知，Leavitt热爱天文学，对工作认真，尽管生前没有得到应有荣誉但对工作兢兢业业，很有奉献精神。BMydaughterwasinGrade10inhighschool.Herlifehadbeenfollowedbyherdyslexia(阅读障碍)．Shebattledwithherschoolworkandherteachersinhighschool.Hermathteacher,seeminglytheonlyteacherwhounderstoodandempathizedwithherdyslexia,unexpectedlyofferedtoreadherthequestionsinamathexam.Asaresult,shegotapreviouslyunheard­ofBformath.Theactofonethoughtfulteacherhad,perhapsforthefirsttimeinmydaughter'spubliclife,madeherheartopentoenjoylifetothefull,andshecouldnowstarttobelieveinherselfandherabilities.Icouldofcoursewanttocontactandthankthemathteacher.IphonedtheschoolandwhenIaskedtospeaktothemathteacher,Ireceivedaveryguarded“why”fromthereceptionistwhohadlongbeenthegatekeeper,fendingoff(抵挡)angryparentsforteachers.ThesurpriseinhervoicewasobviouswhenIreplied“Iwanttothankhim”．“Oh...ofcourse,justamoment，”sheresponded.Theteachercameonthelinewiththesamesenseofcaution,knowingonlythataparentwasontheline.Isaid,“Ijustwanttothankyouforreadingthequestionstomydaughterforhermathexam.NotonlydidshegetaBbutyouhavenoideathepositiveimpactyouractionhashadonmydaughter'sself­beliefandhopesforherfuture.”Mydaughter'sstruggleswithdyslexiacontinuetothisday.However,sheisnowanexperiencedfully­qualifiedworkerwhobelievesinherselfandhashelpedmanypeopleinFamilyandYouthCareOrganization.Doingsomethingpositivetohelpapersonwillmakeyoufeelgood.Offargreaterimportance,however,itmightchangethelifeofthepersonyouhelpedand,throughhis/herrenewal,impactpositivelyonthelivesofhundredsofotherpeople.语篇解读：本文是夹叙夹议文。作者的女儿有阅读障碍，数学老师的一次善意举动使她考出了好成绩，并且获得了自信。现在，她开始传递爱心，在工作岗位上帮助更多的人。5．Whatcanweinferaboutthemathteacher?A．Heisbraveandintelligent.B．Heispatientandsympathetic.C．Heisfriendlyandrespectable.D．Heisgenerousandkind­hearted.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段的“Hermathteacher,seeminglytheonlyteacherwhounderstoodandempathizedwithherdyslexia”可知，在学校只有数学老师理解并同情作者女儿的阅读障碍；并根据数学老师在一次考试中帮她读试卷上的问题这件事可以推知，数学老师是一位有耐心和同情心的人。6．Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A．Theauthor'sdaughterwasonlyinterestedinmath.B．Theauthor'sdaughterusedtolackself­confidence.C．Theauthor'sdaughterperformedwellineveryexam.D．Theauthor'sdaughterdidn'tgetherteachersintotrouble.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，在数学老师的帮助下，作者的女儿考出了好成绩，而且开始自信了。由此推知，作者的女儿以前缺乏自信心。7．Whywasthereceptionistcautiouswhentheauthortelephoned?A．Theauthorwasacompletestranger.B．Theteacherswerebusyworkingthen.C．Someparentswereunfriendlytoteachers.D．Shehadbeendisturbedbytheauthor.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段的“fendingoff(抵挡)angryparentsforteachers”可知，有些家长对老师不友好。因此，接待员并不是因为作者是陌生人而谨慎，而是为了帮老师挡住不友好的家长。8．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ThepowerofonegestureB．AthoughtfulteacherC．Agirl'sprogressD．Mydaughter'sstrugglewithdyslexia解析：选A标题归纳题。综合全文，本文主要讲述数学老师对作者女儿小小的帮助和关爱，使患有阅读障碍的女儿考出了好成绩，而且获得了自信，并将这份爱心传递下去。所以，一次善意的举动会对人产生很大的影响，A项符合文章主旨。Ⅱ.完形填空Formostfourteen­year­oldgirlslivinginabordertown,theworldrevolvesaroundquinceaneras(celebrationsofagirl'sfifteenthbirthday).__1__therewasnomentionofsucha(n)__2__inmyhousehold.Wheneveranyoneasked__3__Iwashavinga“quince”，myresponsewasalways,“I'msavingupforacar.”I__4__convincedmyselfthatwastrueuntilthatnightwhenI__5__atmyfriend'squinceanera.Iwenthomeearlyfromtheparty,andalthoughItriedto__6__myredeyes,mymothercouldtellsomethingwas__7__.Ididnotwantto__8__，butwhatIfearedmostabouttellingherthetruthwasthatIdidn'twanthertothinkIwas__9__.Yousee,it'sprettyself­servingto__10__asillypartywhenyourdadis__11__.Ifinallyadmittedeverything.I__12__withmymomthatIwantedtohavemyownfather­daughter__13__.Mydadhadbeendiagnosed(诊断)withcancerandgivenfivemonthsto__14__.Bythistime,hewasinawheelchair.Mymother__15__thelittlebitofjewelrysheowned,andborrowedmoneyfromfriendsinorderto__16__enoughmoneyformyquinceanera.Intwoweekswegot__17__preparedfortheparty.Myfriends__18__withmeinourbeautifuldressesonDecember7th,sixmonthsbeforemyactualfifteenthbirthday.Asthe__19__started,mymompushedmydad'swheelchairtowardwhereIstoodwaiting.Mydadaskedhertostopand__20__raisedhimselffromthechairandtookmyhandforthefirstandlastwaltz(华尔兹)wewouldshare.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在这个边陲小镇，女孩的15岁生日是非常重要的，因为这一天，她将和父亲跳自己人生的第一支舞。然而不幸的是，“我”的父亲身患癌症，将不久于人世……1．A.Yet B．ThusC．Then D．Indeed解析：选A“theworldrevolvesaroundquinceaneras”和“therewasnomentionof...inmyhousehold”之间是转折关系，故此处填Yet。2．A.task B．showC．event D．accident解析：选C联系上文中的“theworldrevolvesaroundquinceaneras”和下文中的“party”可知，这一“事件(event)”在“我”家从未被提及。3．A.if B．whyC．where D．how解析：选A下文中的“I'msavingupforacar”是对别人询问“我”“是否(if)”要举办这一活动的委婉回答。4．A.still B．againC．just D．even解析：选DI'msavingupforacar本来只是“我”敷衍别人的借口，但说得多了，“甚至(even)”使自己都相信了。5．A.tried B．criedC．sang D．reported解析：选B根据下文中的“myredeyes”可知，“我”那天在朋友的生日舞会上“哭(cried)”了。6．A.touch B．restC．open D．hide解析：选D根据下文中的“Ididnotwantto...whatIfearedmostabouttellingherthetruth...”可知，“我”努力不让家人看到自己哭红的眼睛。hide“隐藏”，符合语境。7．A.possible B．uselessC．wrong D．important解析：选C根据上文中的“myredeyes”可知，母亲看出了“我”的“不对劲(wrong)”。8．A.lie B．stayC．believe D．accept解析：选A根据下文中的“butwhatIfearedmostabouttellingherthetruthwasthatIdidn'twanthertothink