2023届高三英语阅读拓展训练6：土楼（含解析）

高中英语阅读拓展训练6：土楼

阅读训练：阅读短文，从题中所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Tulou

Tulou,aspecialresidentialarchitectureofFujianProvince,wasincludedontheUNESCO'sWorldHeritage

Listduringthe32ndsessionoftheWorldHeritageCommitteeinQuebec,Canada.

Inthefourthcentury,HanChineselivingintheCentralPlainsareabegantomigrate（迁移）south,gradually

gatheringinFujianandformingtheHakkacommunities.Asadefenceagainstenemies,theHakkaschosetolive

incompact（紧凑的）communities,andthetulouwastheirpreferredhouses.Tensofthousandsofsuchearthen

structureswereconstructedinFujianProvince.

Mosttulousaretobefoundinthevalleys,surroundedbyhighmountains,andsomeareinthedepthsofthe

greatmountains.Mostarethreetofourstoreyshigh,andlooklikecircularblockhouses（堡垒）.Roomsonthefirst

floorareusedaskitchens,roomsonthesecondfloorareusedasbarns（谷仓）,androomsonthethirdandfourth

floorsareforbedroomsandlivingrooms.Fordefensivepurposes,theroomsonthefirstfloorhavenowindows.

Rawmaterialsforthetulouwereobtainedlocally.Theirmainbuildingmaterialwasamixtureofclay,sand,

limeandwater,andeggwhites,brownsugarandricewaterwereaddedasadhesiveagents（黏合齐!J）.Itwasthen

mixedtoformthewalls.Oncetheydried,thewallsweresohardthatdrivinganailintothemwouldhavebeen

difficult.Firbranches,whichareextremelystronganddonotrot,wereusedtostrengthenthem,andmany

centurieslatertheyhaveremainedtheiroriginallook.

Tulousarelocatedinaregionwhereearthquakeshappenfrequently,andtheircircularconstructionhelps

themresisttheregularshocks.

TheprovendesigneveninspiredonefamousPeruvianarchitect,whopaidseveralvisitstoYongding,tobuild

atuloubackhome.Notlongafter,anearthquakestruckonly10kilometersaway,andwhileallthehousesaround

theearthenbuildingfelldown,histulouremained.

1.Fromthepassage,weknowthattulou.

A.isaspecialresidentialarchitectureofHanChineseinFujianeventoday

B.wasoncetheplacewheretheHakkaschosetolivetogether

C.isalsomodernpeople'spreferredhouses

D.lookslikecircularblockhousesbuteasytofalldownintheearthquake

2.Fromthethirdparagraph,wecaninferthat.

A.mosttulousaretobefoundinurbanarea

B.Hakkasmightliveanorganizedandharmoniouslife

C.peoplelivedonthesecondfloorinthetulou

D.nowindowsareonthefirstfloortokeepthetuloustrong

3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.HakkasbuilttulouswhentheylivedintheCentralPlainsarea.

B.Rawmaterialsforthetulouwereobtainedfromfaraway.

C.Itisdifficulttodigaholeintothewallsofthetulou.

D.Firbranchesmayhelpthemresisttheregularshocks.

4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.OneofUNESCO'sWorldHeritageList

B.TheFunctionofTulous

C.YongdingCountyandtheHakkas

D.TheSpecialEarthenArchitectureofFujian

变式训练1：语法填空

在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式并说明原因。

Tulou

Tulou,aspecialresidentialarchitectureofFujianProvince,wasincludedontheUNESCO'sWorldHeritage

Listduringthe32ndsessionoftheWorldHeritageCommitteeinQuebec,Canada.

Inthefourthcentury,HanChinese1.(live)intheCentralPlainsareabegantomigrate(迁移)

south,2.(gradual)gatheringinFujianandformingtheHakkacommunities.Asadefenceagainst

enemies,theHakkas3.(choose)toliveincompact(紧凑的)communities,andthetulouwastheir

preferredhouses.Tensofthousandsofsuchearthenstructures4.(construct)inFujianProvince.

Mosttulousaretobefoundinthevalleys,5.(surround)byhighmountains,andsomeareinthe

depthsofthegreatmountains.Mostarethreetofourstoreyshigh,andlooklikecircularblockhouses(堡垒).

Roomsonthefirstfloorareused6.kitchens,roomsonthesecondfloorareusedasbams(谷仓),and

roomsonthethirdandfourthfloorsareforbedroomsandlivingrooms.For7.(defense)purposes,the

roomsonthefirstfloorhavenowindows.

Rawmaterialsforthetulouwereobtainedlocally.Theirmainbuildingmaterialwasa8.(mix)of

clay,sand,limeandwater,andeggwhites,brownsugarandricewaterwereaddedasadhesiveagents(黏合剂J).It

wasthenmixedtoformthewalls.Oncetheydried,thewallsweresohard9.drivinganailintothem

wouldhavebeendifficult.Firbranches,10.areextremelystronganddonotrot,wereusedto11.

(strong)them,andmanycenturieslatertheyhaveremainedtheiroriginallook.

Tulousarelocatedinaregion12.earthquakeshappenfrequently,andtheircircularconstruction

helpsthemresisttheregularshocks.

TheprovendesigneveninspiredonefamousPeruvianarchitect,13.paidseveralvisitsto

Yongding,tobuildatuloubackhome.Notlongafter,anearthquake14.(strike)only10kilometers

away,andwhileallthehousesaroundtheearthenbuilding15.(fall)down,histulouremained.

变式训练2：翻译句子

1.在四世纪时，居住在中原地区的汉族人开始向南迁移，逐渐聚集在福建，形成客家社群。

2.数以万计的这种土制结构在福建省建成。

3.大部分的土楼位于山谷中，周围都是高山，有些在大山深处。

4.杉树的枝条非常强壮，不会腐烂，可以对土楼起到加固的作用。

5.土楼位于地震频发地区，它们的圆形构造有助于抗击频繁的震动。

语篇解读：

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了福建特殊的住宅建筑——土楼。

参考译文：土楼

土楼是福建省一种特别的住宅建筑，在加拿大魁北克举行的第三十二届世界遗产委员会上，被列入联

合国教科文组织的《世界遗产名录》。

在四世纪时，居住在中原地区的汉族人开始向南迁移，逐渐聚集在福建，形成客家社群。为防御敌人，

客家人选择住在紧凑的社区里，土楼是他们首选的房子。数以万计的这种土制结构在福建省建成。

大部分的土楼位于山谷中，周围都是高山，有些在大山深处。大多数有三、四层楼高，看起来像圆形

碉堡。一楼的房间用作厨房，二楼的房间用作谷仓，三楼和四楼的房间是卧室和起居室。出于防御目的，

一楼的房间没有窗户。

土楼的原料可以就地取材0它们的主要建筑材料是黏土、沙子、石灰和水的混合物，并加入蛋清、红

糖和米汤作为黏合剂，然后把它混合砌成墙。一旦它们干了，墙就变得如此地坚硬，以至于人们很难将钉

子钉进土墙•杉树的枝条非常强壮，不会腐烂，可以对土楼起到加固的作用，许多世纪以后它们也仍然保

持原来的样子。

土楼位于地震频发地区，它们的圆形构造有助于抗击频繁的震动。

这个经过验证的设计甚至启发了一位著名的秘鲁建筑师，他几次访问永定，回家后也建造了一个土楼。

不久之后，10公里外发生了一场地震，周围的房屋都倒塌了，他的土楼却炭然不倒。

词汇积累：

defencen.防御constructvt.建造strengthen-A力口强.增强

阅读训练参考答案：

1.B细节理解题。根据第二段第二句话“Asadefenceagainstenemies,theHakkaschosetoliveincompact

communities,andthetulouwastheirpreferredhouses.”可知，为了防御敌人，客家人选择共同居住在土楼里。

故答案为B。

2.B推理判断题。根据第三段第一句话“Mosttulousaretobefoundinthevalleys,surroundedbyhigh

mountains,andsomeareinthedepthsofthegreatmountains.”可知，土楼主要是建在四面环山的山谷里，有

些是建在深山里，可排除选项A；根据第三句”...roomsonthethirdandfourthfloorsareforbedroomsand

livingrooms.“可知，第三层是卧室，人们住在第三层，可排除C；根据第三段最后一