基于TMS320VC5509-DSP的语音信号的FIR滤波器

※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※※2023级学生课程设计DSP原理与应用课程设计报告书课题名称基于TMS320VC5509DSP的语音信号的FIR滤波器姓名学号院、系、部专业指导教师20012年6月9日基于TMS320VC5509DSP的语音信号的FIR滤波器设计一、实践的目的和要求1.熟悉ICETEK-VC5509-A板上语音codec芯片TLV320AIC23的设计和程序控制原理。2.熟悉FIR滤波器工作原理及编程。3.掌握使用TI的算法库dsplib提高程序运行效率的方法。4.学习使用CCS图形观察窗口观察和分析语音波形及其频谱。二、实践原理：在数字信号处理中，滤波占有极其重要的地位。数字滤波是语音处理、图像处理、模式识别、频谱分析等应用中的根本处理算法。用DSP芯片实现数字滤波除了具有稳定性好、精确度高、不受环境影响等优点外，还具有灵活性好等特点。VC5509引脚图过渡带宽度=阻带边缘频宽-通带边缘频率采样频率：f1=通带边缘频率+〔过渡带宽度〕/2理想低通滤波器脉冲响应：h1[n]=sin(nΩ1)/n/π根据要求，选择布莱克曼窗，窗函数长度为：N=5.98fs/过渡带宽度选择N=30w[n]=0.42+0.5cos(2πn/30)+0.8cos(4πn/24)滤波器脉冲响应为：h[n]=h1[n]w[n]|n|<=12h[n]=0|n|>12根据上面计算，各式算出h[n],然后将脉冲响应值移位为因果序列。完成的滤波器的差分方程为：y[n]=-0.001x[n-2]-0.002x[n-3]-0.002x[n-4]+0.01x[n-5]-0.009x[n-6]-0.018x[n-7]-0.049x[n-8]-0.02x[n-9]+0.11x[n-10]+0.28x[n-11]+0.64x[n-12]+0.28x[n-13]-0.11x[n-14]-0.02x[n-15]+0.049x[n-16]-0.018x[n-17]-0.009x[n-18]+0.01[n-19]-0.002x[n-20]-0.002x[n-21]+0.001x[n-22]开始开始初始化：EMIF、CPU频率、AIC23调用AIC23_Mixer子程序处理音频数据输入/输出开始开始初始化语音缓冲区和工作变量等待McBSP通道0传送结束读取语音数据保存于左声道缓冲区调用fir2计算FIR滤波输出滤波结果保存于右声道缓冲区原声音送左声道，滤波结果送右声道，输出到McBSP0三、实践步骤1.首先自己参照指导书完《语音信号的FIR滤波实验》，认真阅读实验中的源程序，深刻理解语音信号FIR滤波的原理及具体实现方法，包括含噪语音信号的读取，滤波后信号的输出，语音编解码器的设置〔AIC23〕，重点理解FIR滤波器的实现〔循环寻找的实现〕2.语音采集的采集与分析〔1〕录制语音，并命名为“e〞，保存在相应的位置〔桌面〕。〔2〕用MATLAB对原始语音信号进行分析，画出它的时域波形和频谱。程序如下：fs=22050;[x,fs,Nbits]=wavread('C:\DocumentsandSettings\Owner\桌面\e');t=0:1/22050:(length(x)-1)/22050;sound(x,fs);%对加载的语音信号进行回放figure(1)plot(x)%做原始语音信号的时域图形title('原始语音信号');xlabel('timen');ylabel('fuzhin');figure(2)freqz(x)%绘制原始语音信号的频率响应图title('频率响应图')n=length(x);%求出语音信号的长度y1=fft(x,n);%傅里叶变换y2=fftshift(y1);%对频谱图进行平移f=0:fs/n:fs*(n-1)/n;%得出频点figure(3)subplot(2,1,1);plot(abs(y2))%做原始语音信号的FFT频谱图title('原始语音信号FFT频谱')subplot(2,1,2);plot(f,abs(y2));%绘制原始语音信号的频谱图title('原始语音信号频谱')%加噪声k=1:1:n;%定义k值,噪声与原始语音长度一致c1=100000*sin(2*pi*5000*k);%噪声信号的函数z=x'+c1;%噪音与原始信号叠加wavwrite(z,8000,16,'C:\DocumentsandSettings\Owner\桌面\e2');%得到含噪语音s=length(c1);y3=fft(z,s);%对叠加信号进行频谱变换y4=fftshift(y3);%对频谱图平移f=0:fs/s:fs*(s-1)/s;%得出频点figure(4)plot(z)%做原始语音信号的时域图形title('加噪语音信号');xlabel('timen');ylabel('fuzhin');figure(5)plot(f,abs(y4));%绘出加噪语音频谱图axis([080000100]);title('含噪语音信号的频谱');figure(6)subplot(2,1,1);plot(f,abs(y2))%做原始语音信号的FFT频谱图title('原始语音信号FFT频谱')subplot(2,1,2);plot(f,abs(y4))%做加噪语音信号的FFT频谱图title('加噪语音信号频谱')原始语音信号加噪语音信号原始语音信号FFT频谱含噪语音信号频谱原始语音信号FFT频谱频率响应图3.设计一定参数的滤波器使用fir2函数设计一个31阶低通滤波器，信号的采样频率为8000Hz，滤波器的通带截止频率为2900Hz，阻带截止频率为3300Hz。在函数中，其截止频率均用归一化频率表示。归一化频率的计算方法：f=实际频率/(采样频率/2)，那么将截止频率归一化后的截止频率值为0.725、0.825用fir2函数实现的格式：f=[00.7250.8251]；m=[1100]；b=fir2〔30，f，m〕；b=-0.0005,0.0004,0.0003,-0.0018,0.0039,-0.0045,0.0009,0.0086,-0.0210,0.0279,-0.0173,-0.0191,0.0793,-0.1486,0.2043,0.7744,0.2043,-0.1486,0.0793,-0.0191,-0.0173,0.0279,-0.0210,0.0086,0.0009,-0.0045,0.0039,-0.0018,0.0003,0.0004,-0.0005Audio滤波程序如下：#include"myapp.h"#include"ICETEK-VC5509-EDU.h"#include"scancode.h"#include<math.h>#defineFIRNUMBER31#defineSIGNAL1F2900#defineSIGNAL2F3300#defineSAMPLEF8000#definePI3.1415926floatInputWave();floatFIR();floatfHn[FIRNUMBER]={-0.0005,0.0004,0.0003,-0.0018,0.0039,-0.0045,0.0009,0.0086,-0.0210,0.0279,-0.0173,-0.0191,0.0793,-0.1486,0.2043,0.7744,0.2043,-0.1486,0.0793,-0.0191,-0.0173,0.0279,-0.0210,0.0086,0.0009,-0.0045,0.0039,-0.0018,0.0003,0.0004,-0.0005};floatfXn[FIRNUMBER]={0.0};floatfInput,fOutput;floatfSignal1,fSignal2;floatfStepSignal1,fStepSignal2;floatf2PI;inti;floatfIn[256],fOut[256];intnIn,nOut;main(){nIn=0;nOut=0; f2PI=2*PI; fSignal1=0.0; fSignal2=PI*0.1; fStepSignal1=2*PI/30; fStepSignal2=2*PI*1.4; while(1) {fInput=InputWave(); fIn[nIn]=fInput; nIn++;nIn%=256; fOutput=FIR(); fOut[nOut]=fOutput; nOut++; /*breakpoint*/ if(nOut>=256) {nOut=0; } }}floatInputWave(){for(i=FIRNUMBER-1;i>0;i--) fXn[i]=fXn[i-1]; fXn[0]=sin((double)fSignal1)+cos((double)fSignal2)/6.0; fSignal1+=fStepSignal1; if(fSignal1>=f2PI) fSignal1-=f2PI; fSignal2+=fStepSignal2; if(fSignal2>=f2PI) fSignal2-=f2PI; return(fXn[0]);}floatFIR(){floatfSum; fSum=0; for(i=0;i<FIRNUMBER;i++) {fSum+=(fXn[i]*fHn[i]); } return(fSum);}语音信号的FIR滤波程序#include"5509.h"#include"util.h"#include"audio.h"//AIC23ControlRegisteraddresses#defineAIC23_LT_LINE_CTL0x00//0#defineAIC23_RT_LINE_CTL0x02//1#defineAIC23_LT_HP_CTL0x04//2#defineAIC23_RT_HP_CTL0x06//3#defineAIC23_ANALOG_AUDIO_CTL0x08//4#defineAIC23_DIGITAL_AUDIO_CTL0x0A//5#defineAIC23_POWER_DOWN_CTL0x0C//6#defineAIC23_DIGITAL_IF_FORMAT0x0E//7#defineAIC23_SAMPLE_RATE_CTL0x10//8#defineAIC23_DIG_IF_ACTIVATE0x12//9#defineAIC23_RESET_REG0x1E//F-Writing0tothisregtriggersreset//AIC23ControlRegistersettings#definelt_ch_vol_ctrl0x0017/*0*/#definert_ch_vol_ctrl0x0017/*1*/#definelt_ch_headph_ctrl0x0079/*2*/#definert_ch_headph_ctrl0x0079/*3*/#definealog_au_path_ctrl0x0000/*4*/#definedigi_au_path_ctrl0x0000/*5*/#definepow_mgt_ctrl_ctrl0x0002/*6*/#definedigi_au_intf_ctrl0x000D/*7*/#defineau_FS_TIM_ctrl0x0000/*8MCLK=12MHz,SampleRatesetting*/#definedigi_intf1_ctrl0x0001/*9*/#definedigi_intf2_ctrl0x00FF/*10*/#defineDIGIF_FMT_MS0x40#defineDIGIF_FMT_LRSWAP0x20#defineDIGIF_FMT_LRP0x10#defineDIGIF_FMT_IWL0x0c#defineDIGIF_FMT_FOR0x03#defineDIGIF_FMT_IWL_160x00#defineDIGIF_FMT_IWL_200x04#defineDIGIF_FMT_IWL_240x08#defineDIGIF_FMT_IWL_320xc0#defineDIGIF_FMT_FOR_MSBRIGHT0x00#defineDIGIF_FMT_FOR_MSLEFT0x01#defineDIGIF_FMT_FOR_I2S0x02#defineDIGIF_FMT_FOR_DSP0x03#definePOWER_DEV0x80#definePOWER_CLK0x40#definePOWER_OSC0x20#definePOWER_OUT0x10#definePOWER_DAC0x08#definePOWER_ADC0x04#definePOWER_MIC0x02#definePOWER_LINE0x01#defineSRC_CLKOUT0x80#defineSRC_CLKIN0x40#defineSRC_SR0x3c#defineSRC_BOSR0x02#defineSRC_MO0x01#defineSRC_SR_440x20#defineSRC_SR_320x18#defineSRC_SR_80x0c#defineANAPCTL_STA0xc0#defineANAPCTL_STE0x20#defineANAPCTL_DAC0x10#defineANAPCTL_BYP0x08#defineANAPCTL_INSEL0x04#defineANAPCTL_MICM0x02#defineANAPCTL_MICB0x01#defineDIGPCTL_DACM0x08#defineDIGPCTL_DEEMP0x06#defineDIGPCTL_ADCHP0x01#defineDIGPCTL_DEEMP_DIS0x00#defineDIGPCTL_DEEMP_320x02#defineDIGPCTL_DEEMP_440x04#defineDIGPCRL_DEEMP_480x06#defineDIGIFACT_ACT0x01#defineLT_HP_CTL_LZC0x80#defineRT_HP_CTL_RZC0x80voidAIC23_Write(unsignedshortregaddr,unsignedshortdata){unsignedcharbuf[2];buf[0]=regaddr;buf[1]=data;I2C_Write(I2C_AIC23,2,buf);}voidMcBSP0_InitSlave(){PC55XX_MCSPpMCBSP0=(PC55XX_MCSP)C55XX_MSP0_ADDR;//PuttheMCBSPinresetWrite(pMCBSP0->spcr1,0);Write(pMCBSP0->spcr2,0);//Configframeparameters(32bit,singlephase,nodelay)Write(pMCBSP0->xcr1,XWDLEN1_32);Write(pMCBSP0->xcr2,XPHASE_SINGLE|XDATDLY_0);Write(pMCBSP0->rcr1,RWDLEN1_32);Write(pMCBSP0->rcr2,RPHASE_SINGLE|RDATDLY_0);//Disableintframegenerationandenableslavew/extframesignalsonFSX//Framesyncisactivehigh,dataclockedonrisingedgeofclkxWrite(pMCBSP0->pcr,PCR_CLKXP);//BringtransmitterandreceiveroutofresetSetMask(pMCBSP0->spcr2,SPCR2_XRST);SetMask(pMCBSP0->spcr1,SPCR1_RRST);}voidAIC23_Init(){I2C_Init();//ResettheAIC23andturnonallpowerAIC23_Write(AIC23_RESET_REG,0);AIC23_Write(AIC23_POWER_DOWN_CTL,0);AIC23_Write(AIC23_ANALOG_AUDIO_CTL,ANAPCTL_DAC|ANAPCTL_INSEL); //使用麦克风音源AIC23_Write(AIC23_DIGITAL_AUDIO_CTL,0);//TurnonvolumeforlineinputsAIC23_Write(AIC23_LT_LINE_CTL,0x000);AIC23_Write(AIC23_RT_LINE_CTL,0x000);//ConfiguretheAIC23formastermode,44.1KHzstereo,16bitsamples//Use12MHzUSBclockAIC23_Write(AIC23_DIGITAL_IF_FORMAT,DIGIF_FMT_MS|DIGIF_FMT_IWL_16|DIGIF_FMT_FOR_DSP);AIC23_Write(AIC23_SAMPLE_RATE_CTL,SRC_SR_44|SRC_BOSR|SRC_MO);//TurnonheadphonevolumeanddigitalinterfaceAIC23_Write(AIC23_LT_HP_CTL,0x07f);//0x79forspeakersAIC23_Write(AIC23_RT_HP_CTL,0x07f);AIC23_Write(AIC23_DIG_IF_ACTIVATE,DIGIFACT_ACT);//SetMcBSP0tobetransmitslaveMcBSP0_InitSlave();}voidAIC23_Disable(){PC55XX_MCSPpMCBSP0=(PC55XX_MCSP)C55XX_MSP0_ADDR;I2C_Disable();//PuttheMCBSPinresetWrite(pMCBSP0->spcr1,0);Write(pMCBSP0->spcr2,0);}#defineAUTIODATALEFT0x0d000#defineAUTIODATARIGHT0x17000int*pAudioLeft,*pAudioRight;intwww=0;voidAIC23_Mixer(){PC55XX_MCSPpMCBSP0=(PC55XX_MCSP)C55XX_MSP0_ADDR;intleft,right;int*pl,*pr,nAudioCount;inti; pAudioLeft=pl=(int*)AUTIODATALEFT; pAudioRight=pr=(int*)AUTIODATARIGHT; nAudioCount=0;for(i=0;i<NX;i++)x[i]=0;for(i=0;i<NH+2;i++)db[i]=0;while(1){while(!ReadMask(pMCBSP0->spcr2,SPCR2_XRDY)); //等待数据传输完成(*pl)=left=Read(pMCBSP0->