一轮总复习学案必修3unit8Adventure

Unit8Adventure(主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习)核心考点课堂突破1.differvi.不一致,不同于,有区别[教材原句]Howdothetouristsdifferfromlocalpeople?(P23)游客和当地人如何不同?语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Ialwaysread,using(differ)voices,asthoughIwereactingoutthestorieswithmyvoiceandtheylovedit!(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解D篇)

②Farmersinmanycountriesarealsoadaptinglikethis—eitherbygrowingnewproduce,orbygrowingthesamethings(differ).

③ThestyleofthecampusisquitedifferentthatofmostChineseuniversities.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)

[小话题写作]④你的指导和帮助会对我们的短剧有很大的影响。(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)

考点必记①differfrom和……不同differin在……方面不同differbetween...and...在……和……之间不同differwithsbon/about/oversth在某事上与某人意见相左②differencen.不同differentadj.不同的bedifferentfrom和……不同makeadifference产生影响makenodifference没有影响[写作佳句]Studentsdifferfromoneanotherintheirabilitytodealwithdifficulties.学生们处理困难的能力各不相同。2.anxiousadj.忧虑的,担心的,渴望的[教材原句]Fromthatmomenttheystartedtofeelanxiousandtheysleptbadlythatnight.(P23)从那时他们开始感到忧虑,那天晚上他们睡得很糟。语境巧练[单句语法填空]①AccordingtoLifeinLikes,aschildrengrew,theybecamemoreanxious(get)morepublicapproval.(2018·江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)

②Phonehomeasoftenaspossiblesoastorelieveyourmotherfrom(anxious).

③Bothsideswereanxioustheagreementshouldbesignedasquicklyaspossible.

[小话题写作]④许多国家想要和中国就5G技术展开合作。

考点必记①beanxiousabout对……担忧beanxioustodosth急切地要做某事,渴望做某事beanxiousforsb为某人担心beanxiousforsth渴望得到某物beanxiousthat...渴望……②anxiouslyadv.忧虑地,担心地anxietyn.忧虑,担心[名师点津]beanxioustodo,beeagertodo,longtodo,bekeentodo,bekeenondoing,bedyingtodo等都表示“渴望做……”。3.riskvt.冒……的危险;使遭受危险n.风险,危险[教材原句]Whatmakespeoplerisktheirlivestodothem?(P24)什么让人们冒着生命危险去做它们呢?语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Withtheyoungunabletoaffordtoleavehomeandtheoldatriskisolation(孤独),morefamiliesarechoosingtolivetogether.(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)

②Itwouldberisktoreachthisconclusiononthebasisofthelimiteddataalone.

③...sotheyweremorelikelytobreakthespeedlimitandbetheriskofgettingfined.

考点必记①riskone’slife冒生命危险riskdoingsth冒险做某事(put...)atrisk(使……)有危险/冒险atrisk(of/fromsth)冒(……的)危险attheriskofdoingsth冒着……的风险take/runarisk/risks冒险facetheriskof面临……的危险take/runtheriskofdoingsth冒险做某事②riskyadj.冒险的[写作佳句]Ireadastorywhereaheroriskedhislifetosaveachildfromthefire.我读了一个故事,故事中一位英雄冒着生命危险从火中救出了一个孩子。4.equipmentn.设备,配备[教材原句]Youputondivingequipmentanddiveunderafrozenlake.(P24)你戴上潜水装备,在冰冻的湖面下潜水。语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Alotofmoneywasspentonthe(equip)ofthenewhospital.

②Schoolsshouldtrytoequipstudentstheskillstheyneedwhentheyleaveschool.

[完成句子]③这三位毕业生拥有丰富的知识和技能,已申请到西部工作。richknowledgeandskills,thethreegraduateshaveappliedtoworkinthewest.

考点必记①apieceofequipment一件设备equipmentof...……设备②equipv.装备,配备equipsb/sthwithsth用……装备……beequippedwith装备……[名师点津]equipment是不可数名词,没有复数形式。5.amazev.使惊愕(惊奇)[教材原句]Marco,inturn,wasamazedbyhowbeautifulandpowerfulChinawas.(P26)马可也相应地被中国的美丽和强大所震撼。语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Manyvisitorswereamazedthecomplexarchitecturalspaceandabundantbuildingtypes.(2018•全国Ⅲ卷,阅读理解C篇)

②It’san(amaze)accomplishmentandonewecannotachievewithoutgeneroussupportfromindividuals,corporations,andothersocialorganizations.

[完成句子]③令我们惊讶的是,我们的村子自二十年前开始几乎每天都在变化。,ourvillagehasbeenchangingnearlyeverydaysincetwentyyearsago.

考点必记①amazesb令某人惊愕Itamazessbhow/what...……令某人大为吃惊。beamazedby/at对……感到吃惊②amazementn.惊愕,惊讶amazingadj.令人惊愕的amazinglyadv.惊愕地amazedadj.惊奇的,吃惊的inamazement惊愕地,惊讶地toone’samazement令某人惊愕的是[写作佳句]WewatchedinamazementwhentheAIperformedjustlikeahuman.我们惊讶地观看着,人工智能就像人一样表演。6.confusevt.使困惑;使迷惑;混淆[教材原句]Hewasalsoconfusedbytheblackstonespeopleusedtoburnforfuel.(P26)他对人们把黑石头当燃料烧也感到迷惑不解。语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Icouldunderstandthetext,butwasthen(confuse)aboutsomevocabularyinit.

②Becauseofthe(confuse),Meratthinkssomecarmakerswillwaituntilvehiclescanbefullyautomatedwithouthumanoperation.

③Manystudentsconfuse“desert”“dessert”.

[小话题写作]④关于短剧的主题和形式我们目前陷入了巨大的困惑中。(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)

考点必记①confuseAwith/andB将A和B混淆get/beconfused被弄糊涂②confusedadj.困惑的,糊涂的;不清楚的confusingadj.使人迷惑的confusionn.混乱,困惑[写作佳句]Toavoidconfusion,membersindifferentgroupswearcapsindifferentcolours.为了避免混淆,不同组的成员戴不同颜色的帽子。7.quantityn.量,数量;大量,众多[教材原句]Hewenttoacitywhereironwasproducedinhugequantities.(P27)他去了一个大量生产铁的城市。语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Someofthesewildernessesalsoperformfunctionsthathumansneed—therainforests,forexample,storecarbonvastquantities.

②Whencondorseatdeadbodiesofotheranimalscontaininglead,theyabsorblarge(quantity)oflead.

[完成句子]③在这家工厂,大量的有毒垃圾已经得到处理。Inthefactoryalargequantityofpoisonousrubbisheffectively.

[小话题写作]④在农场上,我们收获了许多蔬菜与水果,更收获了快乐和友谊。(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,书面表达)

考点必记alargequantityof很多(后跟名词做主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式根据of后的名词确定)largequantitiesof很多(后跟名词做主语时,谓语动词用复数)inquantity(inlarge/vastquantities)大量地[写作佳句]Inwinterandearlyspringfarmersstorewaterinlargequantitiesinpreparationforgrowingtheirrice.冬季和初春,农民们大量蓄水以备种植水稻。8.preparationn.准备,预备;(常用复数)准备工作,准备措施[教材原句]Duringthepolarsummerof1910-1911,bothteamsorganisedfoodbasesinpreparationfortheirjourneysthenextyear.(P28)在1910年到1911年的极地夏天,两队人都在为下一年的探险做食物储备。语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Plansforbuildingnewhigh-speedrailwaysarenowpreparation.

②Tohelpuspreparetheexam,theteachersuggestedreadingthroughournotes.(2020·天津卷,单项填空)

③Trainingforamarathonrequirescareful(prepare)andsteady,gradualincreasesinthelengthoftheruns.

[完成句子]④我相信我们迟早能够预测地震,这样我们就可以为其做充分的准备。Ithinkwecanintimepredictanearthquakesothatwecanit.

[小话题写作]⑤当前我们正在为英语短剧表演做准备,我们认为您的指导会给我们宝贵的启发。(2020·全国Ⅲ卷,书面表达)

考点必记①makepreparationsfor/todo...为……做好准备inpreparation在准备中inpreparationfor为……做准备②preparev.准备preparedadj.准备好的unpreparedadj.没有准备好的prepareone’slessons准备功课be(well)preparedfor/todosth对(做)某事有(充分的)准备preparefor...为……做好准备preparetodosth准备做某事[写作佳句]TheGreensarenowdoingsomeshopping,inpreparationforthecomingvisittoBeijing.格林一家现在正在购物,为即将到来的北京之旅做准备。9.observevt.看到,观察到;观察,观测,监视;遵守;庆祝;纪念[教材原句]Air-conditionedvehiclesforobservinganimals.(P30)空调车辆用以观察动物。语境巧练[用所给词的适当形式填空]①Readersarerequired(observe)therulesofthelibraryandmindtheirmanners.

②This(observe)hintsthateffectiveembryoniclearningcouldsignalneurologicalstrengthsofchildrentoparents.

[完成句子]③人们已经观察到一些动物和植物从一个洲移到另一个洲会发生改变。someplantsandanimalschangewhenremovedfromonecontinenttoanother.

考点必记①observesb/sth观察某人/物observesbdo/doing看到某人做了/正在做某事observethat...观察……observeaprinciple/acustom/arule遵守原则/风俗/规则②observern.观察者observationn.观察,观察力;观测underobservation在观察中,在监视中[名师点津]observesbdoingsth强调“看到某人正在做某事”,强调动作正在进行,而observesbdosth则表示“观察某人做了某事”,强调看到动作的全过程。10.takeoff脱下(衣、帽、鞋等);起飞;动身,离开;减去;大受欢迎[教材原句]I’vebeenonplaneslotsoftimesanditalwaysfeelsgreat,especiallywhenyoutakeoff!(P21)我已多次乘坐飞机,总觉得很棒,特别是当你起飞的时候!语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Theideathatthegovernmentwouldtakedriverlesscarsandtreatthemasapublicgoodwouldgetabsolutelynowherehere...

[完成句子]②不要被声称可以帮助您在一周内提高英语水平的产品所欺骗。byproductsclaimingtohelpyouimproveyourEnglishinaweek.

考点必记takeback收回,拿回takein吸收;理解;欺骗;收留;接待takeapart拆开takedown拆卸,拆毁;记下,录下takeup拿起;占据;对……有兴趣takeover接任,接管,接收take...forgranted认为……是当然的[写作佳句]Alargequantityofmodernbuildingshavebeenputupwheretheoldoneshavebeentakendown.在旧建筑被拆毁的地方已矗立起许多现代化建筑。11.turnup出现,露面,到场;调高(大);暴露出某物[教材原句]WhenIturnedupformyfirstjumpIwassonervousthatItriedtobackout,butmyfriendspersuadedmetogothroughwithit.(P25)我第一次站在跳台上紧张得真想退缩下来,但是朋友们说服了我。语境巧练[单句语法填空]①ThegamesmyparentstaughtmewhenIwasachildturnedtobeveryusefullaterinmylife.(2018·全国Ⅱ卷,短文改错)

②Lastweeksomecityofficialssuggestedthecitymightbeinterestedinturningtheoldtheateramuseum...

[小话题写作]③面试时,你应当比约定时间提前几分钟到场。

考点必记turninto(使)变为,转变为turnfor(使)变得……turntosb向……求助turnout结果是turndown调小,拒绝turnoff关上;使不感兴趣turnon打开;使感兴趣turnaway转身走开turnin上交[写作佳句]Theprofessor’slecturestartingwithahumourturnedallofuson.教授以一个幽默开头的讲座让我们大家都感兴趣。12.getacross被理解,把……讲清楚[教材原句]It’sdifficulttogetacrosshowexcitingitis!(P25)难以让人理解那有多么令人兴奋!语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Mrs.Smithrepeatedthemainpointsothatshecouldgetherexplanationtoallthestudents.

②ThankstotheSilenceMachine,aBritishinvention,youcangetridthesoundwithoutupsettingtheboyorhisparents.(2020·天津卷,阅读理解C篇)

[小话题写作]③作为一个外向的女孩,我与同学们相处得很好。(2019·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)Asanoutgoinggirl,Igetwellwithmyclassmates.

考点必记getinto进入;陷入;穿入;习惯于getalong/on进展,(与……)相处;获得成功;应付,过活getthrough用完;耗尽;(设法)处理;通过(考试等);拨通电话getback回去,回家;找回getdown下来;吞下;记下;开始做某事getoff从……下来;出发,动身geton上(车/船/飞机等);进展;相处getoutof离开,摆脱getover克服(困难);恢复getup起床;起立getridof摆脱;消灭13.breakdown(机器)出故障,损坏,不能运转;失败;(化学)分解;精神崩溃;感情失去控制[教材原句]First,histwosledgesbrokedown,andthenthehorsesbegantohaveseriousdifficultieswiththesnowandthecold.(P28)先是他的两辆雪橇坏了,后来马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Aterriblestormbreaking,nohousesorotherbuildingsweredamaged.

②NortonSoundwascoveredwithice,whichcouldsometimesbreakwithoutwarning.

[完成句子]③科学家们说,他们在防治癌症方面开始有所突破。Scientistssaytheyarebeginninginthefightagainstcancer.

考点必记breakinto破门而入,强行闯入(后接宾语);突然开始(哭、唱等);把……分成几部分breakawayfrom突然挣脱,摆脱breakin强行进入(in为副词);打断breakone’spromise违背诺言breakthelaw违反法律breakout爆发,突发breakthrough冲破,突破;克服,战胜breakup破碎;解散;结束;(学校)期末放假14.runoutof用完,耗尽(和useup用法相同)[教材原句]Themenweresoonexhaustedandwererunningoutoffood.(P28)队员们很快就精疲力竭了,食物也快吃完了。语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Afterlessthanaweek,Istartednoticingthatthegrocerieswererunningprettyquickly.

②Ifyougoonridingyourbikelikethis,you’llsoonerorlatergetrun.

[完成句子]③多沮丧!上周日我在去上海的路上油用完了。Howupset!LastSundayIpetrolonmywaytoShanghai.

考点必记runaway逃跑runafter追赶,追求runinto撞上,(偶然)遇到runacross(偶然)遇到runover(指车辆)撞倒某人并轧过[名师点津]①runoutof“用完”。通常以人做主语,可以带宾语,可用于被动语态。②runout“用完,用光”。通常以物做主语,是不及物动词短语,不能带宾语,且不可用于被动语态。15.beworth句型[教材原句]Butit’sworthwaitingfor.(P25)但它值得等待。语境巧练[单句语法填空]①“Itwasbeautiful,”Naomisaidafterlisteningtotherecording.“Themusicwasworth(save).”(2019•江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)

②Theofficialconfirmedthatthepaintingswereoriginalsandworthmuchas$50million.(2020·全国Ⅱ卷,完形填空)

[完成句子]③但下一次你发现你在陌生人中时,考虑一下闲聊是值得麻烦的。(2018·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解D篇)Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalk.

④我认为他的这部新电视剧很值得一看。IthinkhisnewTVseries.

考点必记sthisworthdoing是一个常用句式,表示“某事值得做”,该结构中doing只用主动形式,表达被动意义。[名师点津]①该类句子的主语常是该动词-ing形式的逻辑宾语,此时,该动词-ing形式应用及物动词(短语),故一些及物动词短语中的介词或副词不可丢掉;②在doing后不可用it,them等宾语;③表示“某事很值得做”应用sthiswellworthdoing,well不可用very代替。16.inorderto为了[教材原句]Afriendofminehasjuststartedjogginginordertogetfit.(P25)为了保持健康,我的一位朋友刚开始进行慢跑。语境巧练[用所给词的适当形式填空]①Newequipmenthasbeenbroughtininorder(improve)theproduction.

②EverynightwhenIamstudying,Motherdoesn’twatchTVinorder(notdisturb)me.

[完成句子]③为了让自己镇静下来他深呼吸。Hetookadeepbreathhimselfcalmdown.

考点必记①inordertodosth表示“为了”,用以表示目的,此处的todosth为动词不定式;②inordertodosth的否定形式为inordernottodosth;③如果后面跟从句则常用inorderthat,相当于sothat;④soastodosth也用以表示目的,和inordertodosth的用法基本相同,其否定形式为soasnottodosth。但值得一提的是,soas(not)todosth一般不放在句首。17.be+adj.+todo句型[教材原句]MarcowassurprisedtoseeChinesepeopleusingpapermoneyinthemarkets.(P26)马可吃惊地看到中国人在集市上使用纸币。语境巧练[用所给词的适当形式填空]①In1943,aMexicanfarmerwassurprised(see)smokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.(2019·江苏卷,阅读理解B篇)

②WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustglad(find)themalive.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷,语法填空)

③I’mhappy(receive)yourletterandknowyou’recomingtoChina.

[小话题写作]④乘坐C919航班我多么兴奋啊!aC919flight!

考点必记besurprisedtodo表示“吃惊地做……”。常见的可用于此句式的形容词还有amazed,astonished,excited,happy,pleased,disappointed,glad,sad,terrified等。[写作佳句]Thefansweredisappointedtoknowthatthestarcouldn’tturnup.知道那位明星不能来粉丝们十分失望。18.havedifficulty(in)doingsth句型[教材原句]ThenexttogowasCaptainOates,whowashavinggreatdifficultywalking.(P28)接下来离开的是奥茨上校,他行走艰难。语境巧练[单句语法填空]①Anewstudyshowsthattheoldmaystruggletocompletecomplextasksorhavedifficulty(understand)informationtheyhaveread.

②Explainyourfrustrationscalmlyandsensibly—seeitasanopportunitytoclearupanydifficultiesyoumayhavethisperson.

③Whateverdifficultyyouhave(write)thereport,don’thesitatetoaskyourmanagerforadvice.

[小话题写作]④知道你和你的同桌交流有困难我很难过。

考点必记句中havedifficulty(in)doingsth表示“在……方面有困难(或麻烦);对……有困难”,如果后面跟名词,则应用介词with,即用havedifficultywith...结构。[名师点津]类似的结构还有:①havetrouble/problems(in)doingsth/withsth在……有困难;②havefun(in)doingsth做某事很有趣;③haveahard/goodtime(in)doingsth做某事度过了艰难/很好的一段时间。19.宾语从句的否定转移[教材原句]Itseemsapity,butIdonotthinkIcanwritemore.(P28)似乎很遗憾,但我认为我不能写更多的话了。语境巧练[完成句子]①我们认为我们不应该看不起残疾人。Wesupposedtolookdownuponthedisabled.

[句式升级]将下面各句改为反意疑问句②Wedon’tthinkyou’vemadearightdecision.→Wedon’tthinkyou’vemadearightdecision,?

③TheythoughtFredhadlosttheimportantmatch.→TheythoughtFredhadlosttheimportantmatch,?

④Ithinktheywillreturnontime.→Ithinktheywillreturnontime,?

[小话题写作]⑤如果你全身心投入其中,我认为你不会失败。

考点必记I/wethink...(注意主句的主语是第一人称)后面跟宾语从句时,如果宾语从句是否定句,那么对宾语从句的否定应转移到主句I/wethink上来。[名师点津]①I/webelieve/suppose/guess等结构与此相同;②该结构构成反意疑问句时应按从句来确定,存在否定转移的应将否定部分还原回去再确定反意部分谓语动词的肯定或否定形式。随堂巩固迁移运用Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentis(extreme)influentialwhenwe’remakingdecisions.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,阅读理解D篇)

2.Theyshoutandscreamin(sad)whentheirteamlosesagoal,orwithjoywhenthereisamomentofsuccess.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,听力)

3.Librarieswilloftenholdreading-groupsessionstargetedto(vary)agegroups.(2020·天津卷,阅读理解A篇)

4.Honestlyspeaking,hisgreat(patient)andassistancehaveagreatimpactonme.(2020·全国Ⅰ卷,书面表达)

5.Ithelpsonetoremainclear-headedand(confidence)indifficultsituations.(2020·北京卷,七选五)

6.Inthe18thand19thcenturies,(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷,语法填空)

7.Unfortunately,youmustcarrythenecessary(equip)withyou,sinceit’sallbutimpossibletofindnaturalsubstitutes.

8.Enteringtheroom,hefoundhisbrotherwassittingatthedesk(comfort),watchingafootballmatch.

9.Travellingthroughtheforestandwatchingthewildanimalsthereisreallywonderfulexperiencetous.

10.HowisNASAovercomingthisverytinybigproblem?It’sturningabunchofhighschoolkids.(2019·全国Ⅱ卷,阅读理解D篇)

Ⅱ.选短语填空turnup,breakdown,runoutof,carryon,inturnLastweekwejoinedasummercamp.Wedrovetothesummercampalltheway1..Unluckily,onthewayourcar2.andwhatwasworse,we3.oil.Fortunately,afterawhileanothercar4.anditwasawarm-hearteddriverthatofferedussomefuelandhelpedus5.ourjourney.

Ⅲ.根据汉语提示补全短文内容1.(这是一个晴朗的周六早上,我的朋友们建议我们去河边野餐).2.(做了必要的准备后,我们骑车出发了,花了大约一个小时到达了我们两年前曾野餐过的目的地).3.(生了火,我们把一些食物放到火上,这时我突然想到我们不妨捉些鱼来增加我们野餐的乐趣).Allofusjumpedintotheriverandsomereallycaughtsomefish,whichmadeusveryexcited.However,IwasnotthatgoodatswimmingandIsuddenlyfellintoadeephole.4.(最后在我的朋友们的帮助下我从河里出来了).Frightenedandthankfultomyfriends,Ienjoyedthedeliciousfish.Itwasreallyanadventureandanunforgettableexperiencetome.

Unit8Adventure核心考点·课堂突破1.①different②differently③from④Yourguidanceandhelpwillmakeabigdifferencetoourshortplay.2.①toget②