Unit1Readingandthinking课件-高中英语堂（人教版2019）（选择性）

Unit1ScienceandScientists

ReadingandThinking

JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”重点词汇

1.choleran.

2.diarrhoean.

3.dehydrationn.

4.contradictoryadj.

5.germn.

6.pumpn.

7.householdn.

8.rawadj.

9.pureadj.

10.statisticn.[pl.]

11.epidemiologyn.

12.

adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的

13.

adj.懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的

14.

vt.使感染;传染→

n.感染;传染

15.

vt.认购(股份);定期订购;定期交纳(会费)

霍乱

腹泻脱水相互矛盾的;对立的;不一致的微生物;细菌;病菌泵;抽水机;打气筒一家人;家庭;同住一所(套)房子的人未煮的;生的;未经处理的;原始的干净的;纯的;纯粹的统计数字;统计资料;统计学流行病学severefrustrated

infectinfectionsubscribe

课前诵背，扫清障碍16.

n.证据;证明;检验

17.

adj.数量多的;多种多样的

18.

vt.&vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象

19.

vt.把……归咎于;责怪;指责n.责备;指责、20.

n.把手;拉手;柄vt.处理;搬动;操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)

21.

n.介入;出面;干涉

22.

n.联系;纽带vt.把……连接起来;相关联

23.

adj.大量的;价值巨大的;重大的

24.

n.减少;降低;减少量vt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)减少;减小;降低

25.

vt.使改观;使改变形态vi.改变;转变

26.

n.显微镜

proofmultiplesuspectblamehandleinterventionlinksubstantial

decreasetransformmicroscope课前诵背，扫清障碍课前诵背，扫清障碍1.最令人害怕的疾病之一2.一场爆发袭击了欧洲3.死于…4.变得沮丧5.晋升为一名出名的医生6.照顾，照料7.生子8.渴望摧毁霍乱9.彻底地10.细菌感染11.同意；赞同12.在两条特别的街上13.需要证据14.下定决心做…重点短语Focus

onlanguage15.在地图上标记确切的地方16.靠近水泵数量众多的死亡17.（对…）负有责任；应受责备18.把……到19.携带霍乱细菌20.把把手移除21.疾病在感染途中被中断22.其他情况下的23.被未经处理的废弃物感染/污染24.不懈的努力25.见证了巨大的下降26.多亏了；由于27.改变了科学家研究疾病的方式15.markonamaptheexactplaces16.multipledeathsnearthewaterpump17.betoblame18.haditdelivered19.carrycholeragerm20.hadthehandleremoved21.thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks22.othercasesof23.beinfected/pollutedbyrawwaste24.tirelessefforts25.sawasubstantialdecrease26.thanksto27.transformthewayscientistsstudydiseasesPost-reading“Toraisenewquestions,newpossibilities,toregardoldproblemsfromanewangle,requirescreativeimaginationandmarksrealadvanceinscience.”-

AlbertEinstein”“提出新的问题，发现新的问题，从新的角度审视已存在的问题，这些需要创造性的想象力，并标志着科学的真正进步。”-阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦”Leadin

Areyoufamiliarwiththesesituations?MaskupGetvaccinatedSelf-isolationPositivemeasuresaretakentofightagainstCovid-19.④Besidescoronavirus,whatotherkindsofepidemics（流行病）doyoukonw?bird-flu（禽流感）malaria[məˈleriə]（疟疾）plague[pleɪɡ]（鼠疫）Ebola[ɪˈbəʊlə](埃博拉)①②③WhoHelpedDefeatMalaria?/ˈkɒlərə/choleran.霍乱diarrhoea/ˌdaɪəˈrɪə/n.腹泻dehydration/ˌdiːhaɪˈdreɪʃn/n.脱水infection/ɪnˈfekʃən/n.感染;传染waterpump水泵Itbeginsinthestomachandaseverecasecanleadtodeathwithoutimmediatetreatment.ReadingJohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”PredictionJohnSnow

Defeats“KingCholera”Who?How?What?Accordingtothetitle,thestoryisgoingtotellusinformationabout...Thetextismainlyabout____________and_______hedefeatedkingcholera.howJohnSnowscientificresearch?Activity1:ReadthewholetextquicklyandmatchthemainideaPara.1Para.2Para.4Para.5JohnSnowdesiredtodestroycholera.JohnSnowdecidedtoprovethesecondtheory.Snowbeganhisstudybymarkingonthemap.Truthoftheinfectionofcholera.Snow'scontributions.Para.3Fastreading

DrawaconclusionCollectdataAskaquestion

Findaproblem

Analyzetheresults

Findsupportingevidence

ThinkofamethodStagesofScientificResearchDoyouknowhowtoproveanewideainscientificresearch?Howmanystagesareneededtosetoutascientificresearch?CarefulReadingResearch

background2.Whywasthediseasecalled“”KingCholera?expert/experienced/knowledgeabledeadlyuncontrollable“King”1.WhoisJohnSnow?Ingeneral,doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictorytheoriestoexplainhowcholeraspread.Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.Anotherwasthatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.Snowsubscribedtothesecondtheory.Itwascorrect,buthestillneededproof.Consequently,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snowbegantoinvestigate.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.1.Whatarethetwotheories?WhichtheorydidJohnSnowthinkwasreasonable?2.WhatdidJohnSnowinvestigatewhenanotheroutbreakhitLondonin1854?Findaproblem→AskaquestionWhatdoestheredstarsstandfor?multipledeathshappenedhere.Whatdoesthegreenstarsstandfor?Nodeathhappenedhere.Why?CLUE:freebeerfrompublichouseSuspectthatthewaterfromthepumpwastoblame.Butheneededproofs!1.WhatmethoddidSnowuse?2.Whatdidhefindonthemap?Whatdidhedotodealwithit?AmapofBroadStreetAnalyzetheresults→Findsupportingevidence Snowbeganbymarkingonamaptheexactplaceswhereallthosewhodiedhadlived.ThereweremultipledeathsnearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16,37,38,and40).However,somehouseholds(suchas20and21BroadStreet,and8and9Cambridge8Street)hadhadnodeaths.Thesepeopleworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.Theyhadbeengivenfreebeer,andsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromthepump.Snowsuspectedthatthewaterpumpwastoblame.Whatismore,inanotherpartofLondon,awomanandherdaughterhaddiedofcholeraaftermovingawayfromBroadStreet.Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.…multipleHowevernodeathsthewaterpumpwastoblameDrawaconclusion Asaresultofthisevidence,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.Throughthisintervention,thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.announcePumpwatercarriedthecholeragerms.Remove

thehandleofthepumpThediseasewasstoppedSnowhadthe_______ofthepumpremoved.EItwasbelievedthatcholerawascausedby_______orgermsin_____________.ASnow_________________theplaceswherepeoplewho_____hadlived.BbadairfoodorwatermarkedondiedThepumpwatercarried____________.DcholeragermshandleamapManydeathsoccurrednearthe__________inBroadStreet.Somepeople_______drunkthewaterfromthepump,andlived.AwomanandherdaughterdiedinanotherpartofLondonafter____________

______________.Cwaterpumphadnotfrom