sandexpressions单词词汇讲解快速高效记单词

Unit4NaturalDisasters

WordsandExpressions1.disaster灾难；灾害词源记忆:古人认为星象孩含了能启示吉凶的信息因此常常会观察星象，借以卜算吉凶。disaster由dis(表否认)+aster(星星)构成，字面意思是“星位不正常〞。星位不正常就代表灾祸。2.flood洪水；大量；淹没；大量涌入；使灌满水；淹没联想记忆:food&food→“洪水〞过后,食物被大量运往灾区5.rescue营救；救援仿声记忆:来施救→营救;救援6.damage损害；破坏；损坏；损失联想记忆:dama大妈+ge歌曲→大妈唱歌，破坏了太强了7.destroy摧毁；消灭联想记忆:弟弟(音:de)把故事(story)讲反了，讲成了stroy,这是成心搞破坏吗?8.affectvt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动(1)beaffectedby被……侵袭；被……感动(2)effectn.作用；影响；效果；结果influencen.&v.影响haveaneffect/influenceon对……产生影响(3)affectionn.[U]喜爱；钟爱；慈祥

单句语法填空①Bestofall,humorraisesyourenergy,andthatcanhaveaneffect________everythingyoudoatschool,atwork,orinyourpersonallife.②________(affect)withaseriousdisease,hewasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandheknewtherewasnohopeofrecovery.③Ifeelmuch_________(affect)formymum,whosewordsandactionshaveapositiveeffect___me.onAffected

affectionon9.shelter避难处；居所；庇护；保护；掩蔽趣味记忆:she她+lt(“老头〞"拼音的首字母)+er(“儿〞的拼音)→她带着老头和儿子躲在避难处10.crack裂纹；裂缝；〔使〕破裂联想记忆:track&crack→跑道出现了“裂缝〞①Thechildtalkstousasifhewereagrown­up.那个孩子跟我们谈起话来像个成年人似的。②Mary’sdescriptionofthepartywassovividthatIfeltasifIhadbeenthere.玛丽对晚会的描述很生动,以至于我感觉好似我在那里一样。③Lookatthecloudsinthesky!Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看看天上的云彩！看起来要下雨。11.Itseemedasif

theworldwerecomingtoanend!

世界似乎到了末日!

1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。

2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。

3)如果asif引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略从句主语和be动词，这样asif后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词短语、介词短语或分词。归纳总结asif引导从句时,如果从句所描述的情况与现在事实不符,那么用一般_______时态;假设与过去的事实不符,那么用过去_____时态;假设与将来的事实不符,那么用“would/could/mightdo〞结构。

过去完成①Hedescribedthecharactersinthenovelasifhe_______(meet)themfacetoface.

②Elizarememberseverythingexactlyasif_____________________(好似发生在昨天).

③Itseemedasifthey________________________(决不会有)thechanceofworkingagain.

④Heopenedhismouthasif____________(say)something.hadmetithappenedyesterdaywerenevergoingtohavetosay12.ruin破坏；毁坏联想记忆:ruin&rain冒雨回家,结果衣服被破坏了(1)lie/beinruins 成为废墟fallintoruin 消灭；灭亡；崩溃bereducedtoruins 沦为废墟(2)ruinoneself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡break指打碎,打破,既可以是打碎事物,也可以指人的身体垮掉damage指可以重新修复的“破坏”,程度较小destroy常指不能或很难修复的“破坏”,程度较深ruin指长期损坏的结果,严重以至于不能修复的“破坏”,多用来表示抽象概念选用(ruin,damage,destroy)的适当形式填空ThesouthChinaisoftenstruckbyfloodsinsummer.Oneyear,aterribleflood________alotofhousesinavillage.Anoldtemplewasalsototally_________.Itseemedasifthevillagers’hopehadbeen______,buttotheirjoy,thelocalgovernmentdecidedtohelpthemout.damageddestroyedruined13.percent百分之…词根词缀法：per每份cent百分=百分之…14.metal金属联想记忆:medal&metal→这枚奖章是“全属〞的15.shock震惊；令人震惊的事；休克；使震惊谐音记忆法：受克，受到惊吓，休克了(1)shockedadj.

震惊的；惊讶的

beshockedat/by

对……吃惊

beshockedtodosth. 做某事很吃惊(2)shockingadj.

令人震惊的

单句语法填空(1)Hissituationwas_____greatshocktousall.(2)Weare_________(shock)thatsomanypeoplewereinjuredordiedintheearthquake.(3)Iwasshocked_________(hear)thatourfactorywouldhavetoclose.(4)Thenewsofhissuddendeathisso________thateveryoneisverymuchshockedatit.(shock)ashockedtohearshocking16.electricity电；电能构词记忆:clectic电的:电动的+-ity性质，执态→电:电能17.trap使落入险境；使陷入圈套；险境；陷阱联想记亿:trip&trap→旅行中了“圈套〞18.bury埋葬；安葬拼背法：bu不ry如意→看到不如意的人就把他埋了固定搭配bury...in...把……埋到……里;使……沉浸于……buryoneselfin埋头于;专心于;沉浸于beburiedin埋头于;专心于;沉浸于表示“专心于；致力于〞的短语还有：

①beabsorbed/engagedin

②bedevotedto=devoteoneselfto

③belostin=loseoneselfin

④focuson

⑤concentrateon

⑥fix/concentrateone'sattentionon单句语法填空①Thegirlwassittingonthebenchinthepark,_______(bury)herheadinthebookinherhands.②Hestoodonthesidewalkwithhishands______(bury)inthepocketsofhisdarkovercoat.③WhenIenteredtheroom,Ifoundhim_______(bury)hisfaceinhishands.buryingburiedburying19.breathe呼吸比照记忆:breathn.呼吸→breathevi.&vt.呼吸20.revive复活；〔使〕苏醒revival振兴；复苏英语中有很多动词加al变为名词形式,常见的有:approve→approvalsurvive→survivalarrive→arrivalrefuse→refusal21.effort努力；艰难的尝试；尽力仿声记忆:爱罚他→老板爱罚他不“努力〞工作考点必记withgreateffort努力sparenoefforttodosth不遗余力地做某事makeeveryefforttodosth尽全力做某事makeaneffort/effortstodosth努力做某事

单句语法填空/补全句子①Agoodenvironmentdependsonthe______(effort)madebyeveryone.②Noonecanachieveanything_________effort.③He______________________________________(不遗余力地练习说英语)everyday.

effortswithoutsparesnoefforttopracticespeakingEnglish22.wisdom智慧；才智构词记忆:wise明智的+-dom状况，状态→智慧;才智freefreedom23.context上下文；语境；背景词根词缀法：con共同的+text文本=背景；语境24.suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(1)sufferpain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏sufferfrom遭受；患病(2)sufferingn.痛苦；苦难；折磨；让人痛苦的事注意suffer用作及物动词，表示“遭受；蒙受〞，其后常接pain,loss,defeat,poverty,hunger,punishment,hardship,damage等名词作宾语。suffer用作不及物动词，其后常接from，表示“受……之苦；患某种疾病〞。单句语法填空/补全句子①Theoldmanwentthroughalotof___________(suffer)intheolddays.②Lotsofstudents____________________(正遭受着)thestressofstudy.

③Hislegwasbrokenandhe___________________.

他的腿断了,遭受了巨大痛苦的折磨。sufferingsaresufferingfromsufferedgreatpain25.survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过

(1)survivesth.幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来AsurviveB(by...)A比B活得长……surviveon依靠……生存下来survivefrom...从……存活下来，流传下来(2)survivorn.幸存者survivaln.幸存；残存物单句语法填空①Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureand,assuch,theonlywayforus__________(survive)istoliveinharmonywithnature.②Aftertheplanecrash,whatthe____________(survive)coulddowastowaitforrescueonthisdesertisland.③Ifhecouldn'tfindhiswayoutoftheforest,therewouldbelittlechanceof________(survive).tosurvive

survivorssurvival26.powern.能量；力量vt.给……提供动力仿声记忆:怕我→我有超强的“力量〞,你怕我吗?词根法：power力量+ful形容词后缀wonder---wonderful美妙的care---careful细心的colour---colourful彩色的hope---hopeful有希望的peace---peaceful和平的安宁的use---useful有用的(1)cometo/intopower掌权；上台beyondone'spower某人力所不能及的inpower当权的；执政的(2)powerfuladj.强大的；权力大的(3)powerfullyadv.强有力地；强大地(4)powerlessadj.