通用高考英语一轮复习第一部分主题高频词汇专题三人与自然训练2含解析

第一部分主题高频词汇主题三人与自然一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空——词形转换1.Ithasbeenuniversallythatitistheselflessdevotionandsacrificeofdoctorsandnursesthatensuresthesuccessofthebattleagainstthevirus.Manymovingreportshavebeenwritteninoftheircontribution.(acknowledge)

2.Seeingmyanxiousexpression,mymotheraskedmewhathadcausedmy.(anxious)

3.Alargenumberofpeoplehavesentoffforthejob.Someofthemaybedisappointedbecauseonlyonethirdforithavethechancetobeemployed.(apply)

4.Peopleshouldbeofenvironmentalissues,soweorganizedanactivitylastweekendtoraisepeople’sofprotectingtheenvironment.(aware)

5.Havingcleanedthesportsfacilities,thewenttothegrasslandtopickupthelitter.Afterhisthorough,wesawacommunity.(clean)

6.Thecompanyintoseveraldepartments.Hewillbesenttothesalesaftergraduation.(divide)

7.Youareright.Regularexercisecankeepyoufullofenergy.Besides,enoughsleepcanmakeusandenableustoperformwellinexams.(energy)

8.,theydidsomethingillegal,butwecouldn’taccusethemofguiltaswehadn’tfoundenough.(evident)

9.Marywastoototellherfamilyaboutthescenebecauseitalmosthertodeath.Shewasshakingwithatthethoughtofit.(frighten)

10.Smokingdoesgreatharmtothesmokers’health.Besides,itisalso(harm)tothepeoplearound.

11.Itisourdutytomakeourworldamore(harmony)placetolivein,soweshouldliveinharmonywitheachother.

12.IamtheoftheprojectbutIcan’talltheworkonmyown.Somyassistanthelpsmewiththeeveryday.(manage)

13.Manyvegetablesbecauseoftheuseofagriculturalchemicals,whilegreenfoodisfreeof.(pollute)

14.Thefutureofdriverlesscarsis.Eventheexpertsinthisfieldcannotmakeanexactbecausetheythinkthatnotallfactorscan.(predict)

15.Toescapetheisoneofthemostobviousreasonswhypeoplelie.Noonelikes.(punish)

16.(1)Ihavealottosayintothismatter.(relate)

(2)Tirednessisdirectlytoadriver’sresponsetime.(relate)

17.Icalledtomakeatablefortwoforseveno’clock,onlytobetoldthatallthetables.(reserve)

18.Thegirlwaswhenshesawthesnake.(scare)

19.Overthreehundredpeopletodeathlastyear;inotherwords,theydiedof.(starve)

20.offoodarealmostexhaustedinthetown,butthefoodcannotmorefoodtotheircustomers.(supply)

21.Hetheaccidentandbecametheonly.Hiswasreallyawonder.(survive)

22.(1)Whenafirebrokeout,helpwasneeded.(urge)

(2)Themostthingwastomakesureeveryonewentoutofthebuilding.Sothefirefightersthatpeopleleavethebuildingassoonaspossible.(urge)

二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空——常见搭配1.Thelocalhospitalwasoneofthefirsttoapply(become)self-governing.

2.Someexpertsadvocate(improve)thewayweuseenergytoday.

3.Youshouldbehappywithwhatyoualreadyhaveandnotrisk(lose)itbybeinggreedyandtryingtogetmore.

4.ThisisthebestwayIcouldthinkoftostopthestudents(break)therules.

5.Susanisslowindoinganything,soitisnecessarytourgeher(complete)theworkontime.

三、在空白处填入1个适当的单词——固定搭配1.Usuallythediscountinthisshoponlyapplieschildrenundertheageofteneverywinter.

2.Eventhoughwemaynotbeawareit,ouractionscanstandforourthoughts.

3.Closetotheschooltherewasabeautifulparkwithmanytreesaroundit.Fartherthedistance,Icouldenjoytheviewofsnowymountains.

4.occurredtomethatdaythatartandbeautyarethecommonlanguageofmankind.

5.Shegotintopanicwhenshethoughtshe’dforgottenthetickets.

6.Lastspring,Iwasfortunatetobechosentoparticipatetherunningoftheclub.

7.Ithinktheboyhasthepotentialpainting,butheneedstraining.

8.100yearsago,abigfirebrokeoutintheoldbuilding,leavingitruins.

9.firstsight,thereisnothingspecialaboutthewatch,butinfactitisamobilephone.

四、写出画线部分在语境中的含义——熟词生义1.WhenImethiminthetown,helookedstraightatmebutdidnotacknowledgeme,whichmademeannoyed.

2.(1)Pressureappliedtothewoundwillstopthebleeding.

(2)Newtechnologyisbeingappliedtoalmosteveryindustrialprocess.

(3)Overthenextmonths,heappliedhimselftoimprovingthetechnique.

(4)Applythegluetobothsurfaces.

3."Youhaveabalanceofninehundreddollars,"saysthebankteller.

4.Hehasbeenteachingfor30years,andhestilldevoteshimselftothecauseofeducation.

5.AmannarrowlyescapeddeathwhenafirebrokeoutinhishomeonSundaymorning.

6.Theresearchteamaremakingtheirwaytothewestareawiththepurposeoffindingwheretheriverrises.

7.(1)Hesmoothedthewayforus.

(2)Sallymanagedtosmoothoverthebadfeelingsbetweenthem.

(3)Theyareintroducingnewmeasurestoensurethesmoothrunningofthebusiness.

8.Theydidn’tthinkmuchofitwhentheysawtwocyclistsrepairingtheirbikeonthesideoftheroad.Abitlater,theyspottedwhattheyassumedwasadogrunningalongsideamanonabike.

五、用括号中动词的适当形式填空——不规则变化1.Hiscarelessdrivingcausedaterribleaccident.Therefore,he(ban)fromdrivingforthreeyears.

2.Heisoftenfound(bury)inhisworkwheneverIcomehere.

3.Aheavyfrostmadetheweathercold.Alltheriversandsomefragileplantstodeath.(freeze)

4.Mostoftheoldpartofthecity(destroy)bybombsduringthewarin1937.

5.Afullmoon(light)upthesky.Iinvitedallmyfamilytoappreciateittogether.

6.Jackwasworkinginthelabwhenthepowercut(occur).

7.Theparty’sshareofthevote(rise)from11percentto21percentinlastmonth’selection.

8.Ayoungboyclimbeduptheappletreeand(shake)thebranchessothattheapplesfell.

9.AgoodideamewhileIwaswalkingalongtheriver.(strike)

10.Teenagersclimbeddozensofflightsofstairstodeliverwaterandfoodtoelderlypeople(trap)inthehigh-risebuilding.

六、用括号中的参考词汇表达句子——写作1.近年来,人类不负责任的活动和自然灾害给我们造成了极大的损害。因此,我们应该与自然和谐相处,呵护地球,让它成为一个更好的家园。(harm,harmony)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2.在附近社区倡导低碳出行给我的生活带来了很大影响。(advocate,affect)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3.过度捕杀影响了野生动物的数量,有些动物灭绝了,有些处于危险之中。幸运的是,政府已经注意到这种情况并采取了一系列积极的措施。我们要努力保护环境,只有这样我们才能够成功地阻止这种情况恶化。(hunt,measure,protect,prevent)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案主题三人与自然一、用括号中单词的适当形式填空——词形转换1.第一空考查itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat...,表示"普遍认为……",故填acknowledged;第二空在介词后,应用名词,inacknowledgementof表示"对……的感谢",故填acknowledgement。2.第一空修饰动词asked,应用副词形式,填anxiously;第二空在形容词性物主代词my后,应用名词形式,填anxiety。3.第一空作宾语,应用名词,application表示"申请(书)"时,既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,故填application(s);第二空与Someofthe一起构成主语,表示"申请人",填applicants;onethird(oftheapplicants)与动词apply之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故第三空用现在分词作后置定语,填applying。4.第一空填aware,构成固定搭配beawareof;第二空在名词所有格后,应该用名词,填awareness。5.第一空作主语,表示"清洁工",根据下文的his可知填cleaner;第二空作宾语,表示"打扫,清洁",填cleaning;第三空作定语,表示"干净的",填clean。6.第一空作谓语,divide与主语Thecompany为被动关系,且表示客观情况,应用一般现在时的被动语态,填isdivided;第二空与前面的thesales一起构成介词to的宾语,应该用名词,依据句意可知,填division,表示"部门"。7.空处作宾语补足语,表示"精力充沛的",填形容词energetic。8.第一空作句子的状语,应用副词形式,填Evidently;第二空作found的宾语,应用名词形式,填evidence。9.第一空作表语,表示主语Mary的感受,用形容词frightened表示"害怕的";第二空作定语修饰名词scene,用形容词frightening表示"骇人的";第三空作谓语,且事情发生在过去,故用动词过去式frightened,frightensb.todeath表示"把某人吓得要命";第四空作介词with的宾语,用名词fright表示"惊吓"。10.空处作表语,应用形容词形式,beharmfulto表示"对……有害",填harmful。11.空处在此作定语,修饰其后的place,应用形容词形式,填harmonious。12.第一空用在定冠词the后面,表示"经理",填manager;第二空用在情态动词后且与之一起构成谓语,填manage,表示"管理";第三空作宾语,在此表示"管理",填management。13.第一空作谓语,描述的是一般事实,用一般现在时,且pollute与vegetables为被动关系,故填arepolluted;第二空在介词后,应用名词形式,填pollution。14.无人驾驶汽车的未来是无法预测的。甚至这一领域的专家也不能做出准确的预测,因为他们认为并不是所有的因素都是可以预测的。根据句意可知,第一空表示"不可预测的",填unpredictable;第二空根据空前的an可知,空处应用名词,填prediction;第三空作谓语,在情态动词后,用动词原形,且predict与factors为被动关系,故填bepredicted。15.第一空作动词的宾语,用名词punishment;第二空考查likedoingsth."喜欢做某事",此处表示"被惩罚",填beingpunished。16.(1)此空考查inrelationto"关于……",填relation;(2)此空考查berelatedto"与……有关",填related。17.第一空考查makeareservation,表示"预订",填reservation;第二空作谓语,allthetables与reserve之间为被动关系,且根据前文时态及语境可知,此处应用过去完成时的被动语态,填hadbeenreserved。18.第一空作表语,表示"恐惧的,害怕的",填scared;第二空作定语,表示"吓人的",填scary。19.第一空作谓语,根据时间状语lastyear可知,应用一般过去时,填starved;第二空在介词后,应用名词形式,填starvation。20.镇上贮存的食物快吃完了,但是食品供应商无法给顾客供应更多的食物。第一空作主语,表示"供应量,储备",此处是可数名词,再结合are可知填Supplies;第二空作主语,表示"供应商",供应商不止一家,用名词复数,填suppliers;第三空作谓语,且位于情态动词后,填动词原形supply。21.他在事故中幸免于难,成为唯一的幸存者。他的幸存的确是一个奇迹。第一空作谓语,由and后的became可知,填动词过去式survived;第二空表示"幸存者",填名词survivor;第三空作主语,表示"幸存",填名词survival。22.(1)空处作状语,表示"迫切地",填urgently。(2)第一空作定语,表示"紧急的",填urgent;第二空作谓语,表示"敦促",填urged。二、用括号内单词的适当形式填空——常见搭配1.tobecomeapplytodosth.表示"申请做某事"。2.improvingadvocatedoingsth.表示"提倡做某事"。3.losingriskdoingsth.表示"冒险做某事"。4.breakingstopsb.(from)doingsth.表示"阻止某人做某事"。5.tocompleteurgesb.todosth.表示"敦促某人做某事"。三、在空白处填入1个适当的单词——固定搭配1.to。applyto适用于。2.of。beawareof意识到。3.in。inthedistance在远处。4.It。Itoccurredtosb.that...某人想到……;同义表达有Itstrucksb.that...某人突然想到……。5.a。getintoapanic陷入恐慌。6.in。participatein参与。7.for。havethepotentialfor有……的潜力。8.in。inruins毁坏,严重受损。9.At。atfistsight乍一看,初次见到。四、写出画线部分在语境中的含义——熟词生义1.acknowledge熟义:v.承认,感谢。此处表示"打招呼,理会",类似于greet。2.apply熟义:v.申请。在(1)中表示"按,压";在(2)中表示"应用,使用";在(3)中表示"勤奋工作";在(4)中表示"涂,敷"。3.balance熟义:n.天平,平衡v.使保持平衡。此处用作名词,表示"余额"。4.cause熟义:v.引起n.原因。此处表示"事业"。5.narrowly熟义:adv.狭隘地。此处表示"勉强地"。6.rise熟义:v.上升,上涨,升起。此处表示"发源,起源"。7.smooth熟义:adj.平整的,平坦的,光滑的。在(1)中smooth作动词,表示"使平坦";在(2)中作动词,smoothover表示"缓和";在(3)中作形容词,表示"平稳的"。8.spot熟义:n.斑点,污渍。此处作动词,表示"看见,看到"。五、用括号中动词的适当形式填空——不规则变化1.ban→banned→banned。所填词在句中作谓语,且与主语he构成被动关系,又根据caused可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,填wasbanned。2.bury→buried→buried。所填词在句中作主语补足语,表示状态,且bury与主语He之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故填过去分词buried。3.freeze→froze→frozen。第一空考查固定短语freezingcold,表示"极为寒冷",故填freezing;第二空表示"结冰",且根据第一句中的made可知,此处叙述的是过去的事情,填froze;第三空表示"(使)冻死",主动语态和被动