外研版高中英语必修三 （Disaster and hope）SectionA 新课件

Unit6Disasterandhope

SectionAThe

Science

of

EarthquakesWhatisanearthquake?Thesurfaceoftheearthisdividedintodifferentpieces.Thesearecalledtectonic

plates①.Whentwoplatessuddenlyslippastoneanother,anearthquakehappens.Thisshakesthegroundandeverythingonit.Whatcauseearthquakesandwheredotheyhappen?Theearthhasfourmainlayers②.Theyareinnercore,outercore,mantle③andtheearth’scrust④.Thecrustandthetopofthemantlemakeupathinskinonthesurfaceoftheplanet.Butthisskinisnotallinonepiece.Itisactuallymadeupofmanytectonicplates.Theyarelikepuzzlepieces.Thesepiecesarealwaysslidingaroundandbumpingintoeachother.Sometimestheiredgesgetstucktogether.Whenthishappens,therestoftheplatekeepsmoving.Eventuallytheedgescomeunstuck.Thatiswhenanearthquakehappens.Whydoestheearthshakewhenthereisanearthquake?Earthquakessendoutwavesinalldirections.Whentheyreachtheearth’ssurface,theyshaketheground.Therearedifferenttypesofearthquakewaves.ThePwavesqueezesandstretchestheearth.TheSwaveshakeitupanddown.Howareearthquakesrecorded?Scientistsusespecialtoolstorecordandmeasureearthquakes.Thesetoolsarecalledseismographs⑤.Recordingsfromseismographstellscientistswhenandwhereanearthquaketookplace.Theycanalsotellscientiststhesizeofanearthquake.

词海拾贝①tectonicplate构造板块②layern.层③mantlen.地幔④crustn.地壳⑤seismographn.地震仪典句欣赏Recordingsfromseismographstellscientistswhenandwhereanearthquaketookplace.译文:地震仪的记录告诉科学家地震发生的时间和地点。分析:该句子中Recordings为主语,fromseismographs为介词短语作后置定语,修饰Recordings;tell为谓语,scientists作tell的间接宾语;whenandwhereanearthquaketookplace为宾语从句。理解诱思1.Whatsignsbeforeanearthquake?答案:Brightlightflashinthesky.Thewaterinthewellrisesandfalls.Chickensareflyinganddogsarebarking,andpigsandcowsaretoonervous.Fishjumpoutofthepond,andmicerunwildlyoutofthefields.2.Whatshouldwedoincasethereisanearthquake?答案:Besuretostaycalmanddoeverythingtheteachertellsyou.Ifyouareinclass,takecoverunderdeskquicklyanddonotmoveuntilthefloorstopsshaking.Ifyouareontheplayground,staywhereyouare,crouchandprotectyourhead.Don’tstandnearhighbuildingsthatmayfalldownanddon’tjumpoffthebuilding.Helpyourclassmatesifyoucanandtrytogothroughthedisastertogether.

Startingout&UnderstandingideasⅠ.知识体系图解

disastertubepluseruptimmediatelyhurricaneoccurannouncement对……做出回应,反应面临,面对应对,解决捡起当然与……比起来成功浏览由于而且,除此之外Ⅱ.词汇拓展1.eruptv.→

(n.)

2.immediatelyadv.&conj.→

(adj.)

3.occurv.→

(n.)→

(过去式/过去分词)

4.announcementn.→

(v.)

eruptionimmediateoccurrenceoccurredannounceⅢ.阅读导学根据pp.62-63课文内容,回答下列问题。1.Whereistheauthor?2.Wheredoestheauthorprobablyworkin?3.WhydoestheauthorwanttogotoBankstation?4.Whatplansdoestheauthormakeforthefuture?5.Howdoestheauthorfeelwhenheseesthephotosinthenewspaper?答案:1.Inthetube/subway.2.Inabank.3.Toavoidthebadfeelingbythinkingaboutwork.4.Heplanstoputhisflatonthemarketandbuyaboat;speakwithmymanageraboutmovingtothetopfloor;learntoswimandjoinabeginner’sswimmingclassimmediately.5.Hefeelsnervous.重点词汇重点句式1.pick

up

拿起;卷起;掀起【课文原句】Picking

upafreenewspaperattheTubestation,Iseethetitle“Hot!Hot!Hot”.在地铁站捡到一份免费报纸,我看到标题是“热!热!很热”。【词汇精讲】pickup在该句子中表示“拿起”,同时,它还有“拾起;接收(信号);(偶然)学会;整理;接载;情况好转”等含义。Hepicked

upsomeFrenchwordswhilelivingwithaFrenchman.他和一个法国人住在一起时学会了一些法语单词。Theschoolbuspicks

upthechildrenthreetimeseveryday.校车每天接送孩子们三次。Theequipmentpicked

upthesignalfromthesatellite.设备接收到卫星发出的信号。重点词汇重点句式【巧学助记】

重点词汇重点句式【词汇拓展】pickoneselfup跌倒后站起来pickupspeed加速pickon挑剔;捉弄;选中pickoff摘下pickout挑选;辨认出重点词汇重点句式2.average

adj.平均的;普通的;正(平)常的【课文原句】TheaveragehightemperatureinJulyisonly22degrees,soover30isnotusualforLondon.7月份的平均高温只有22度,因此伦敦的气温通常不会超过30度。【词汇精讲】average在该句子中为形容词,表示“平均的”。它还有名词的词性,表示“平均数;平均水平;一般水准”;还可以作动词,表示“平均为;计算出……的平均数”。Lastyearwasthewarmestyearonrecord,withglobaltemperature0.68℃abovetheaverage.去年是有记录以来最热的一年,比全球平均气温高了0.68度。重点词汇重点句式【词汇拓展】anaverageof平均有on(the)average平均起来aboveaverage在平均水平以上belowaverage在平均水平以下uptoaverage达到平均水平averageout算出平均数Lastyearthenumberofstudentswhograduatedwithadrivinglicensereached200,000,an

average

of40,000peryear.去年毕业时就有驾照的学生数量已达到二十万,平均每年四万。On

average,thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear,causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries.美国平均每年有800场龙卷风,导致约80人死亡,1500人受伤。重点词汇重点句式重点词汇重点句式重点词汇重点句式3

pare

v.

比较;匹敌;比喻;相比n.比较【课文原句】This,however,isnothingcomparedtothetrain.然而,这与火车比起来不算什么。【词汇精讲】compare为动词,在该句子中表示“比较,相比”。Don’tcompareyourstrengthwithothers’weakness,whichismeaningless.不要拿自己的长处和别人的短处做比较,这是没有意义的。重点词汇重点句式【词汇拓展】compare...with...把……和……相比较compare...to...把……比作……comparedto/with...和……相比(通常作状语)beyond/withoutcompare无与伦比,举世无双comparisonn.比较;对照;比喻incomparisonwith与……相比Ateacherisoftencompared

toacandle.That’sbecausetheirdevotiontoworkisbeyond/without

compare.老师常被比作蜡烛。那是因为他们对工作的投入是无与伦比的。Compared

toyourcontributionsourscountforlittle.与你们的贡献比较起来,我们的算不了什么。重点词汇重点句式重点词汇重点句式4.immediately

adv.即刻,马上【课文原句】I’lljoinabeginner’sswimmingclassimmediately.我马上就要参加一个游泳初学者班。【词汇精讲】在该句子中immediately为副词,修饰动词join,表示“立即,马上”。

同时immediately还可以用作连词,意为“一……就”,引导时间状语从句。Thetelephonerang,andheanswereditimmediately.电话铃响了,他马上去接。【词汇拓展】immediateadj.立即的;直接的AsfarasIcansee,immediateactionshouldbetaken.依我看,必须立即采取措施。重点词汇重点句式【名师点津】immediately表示“一……就”,相当于directly,instantly和assoonas,在它们所引导的时间状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。Immediatelyyoubegintospeak,hegivesyouhisfullattention.你只要一开始说话,他就会全神贯注地听。重点词汇重点句式重点词汇重点句式5.cause

n.原因,起因;理由,缘故v.导致,使发生【课文原句】What’smore,heavyraininEasternEuropehascausedlandslidesandtheheatacrossSouthernEuropehascausedforestfires.此外,东欧的大雨导致了山体滑坡,整个南欧的高温导致了森林火灾。【词汇精讲】cause在该句子中为动词,表示“导致,使发生”,相当于leadto。同时,cause还可用作名词,表示“……的原因”。Joe’sabsencefromschoolwascausedbyillness.因为生病,乔没有上学。重点词汇重点句式【词汇拓展】causesbsth给某人造成某种结果causesb/sthtodosth导致某人做某事;引起某物……causedamage/lossto对……造成损失、损坏thecauseof...……的原因causeandeffect因果Thepoorharvestcaused

prices

to

risesharply.收成不好导致价格急剧上涨。Drunkdrivingisoneofthemostcommoncauses

oftrafficaccidents.酒后驾驶是交通事故最普遍的原因之一。重点词汇重点句式重点词汇重点句式6.occur

v.

发生【课文原句】Expertssaythisbadweatherhasoccurredduetoclimatechange.专家说由于气候变化,这种糟糕的天气已经发生了。【词汇精讲】occur为不及物动词,表示“发生”。occur的过去式和过去分词形式要双写最后一个辅音字母,即occurred。Agoodideaoccurred

tomewhenIwokeupthismorning.今天早上醒来我突然想到一个好主意。重点词汇重点句式【词汇拓展】sthoccurstosb某人突然想起某事Itoccursto/strikes/hitssbthat...某人突然想起……Itoccurstosbtodosth某人突然想起做某事Itsuddenlyoccurred

tomethatwhilewetriedtoteachourchildrenallaboutlife,theyactuallytaughtuswhatlifewasallabout.我突然想起,当我们试图教我们的孩子们关于生活的一切时,他们实际上却教会了我们什么是生活的全部。Thepossibilitythatshemightbewrongneverevenoccurred

toher.她根本没有想到她可能会错。【名师点津】表达“发生”时,occur与happen可以互换;另外occur,happen,takeplace,breakout,comeabout等表示“发生”的短语都不能用于被动语态以及进行时态。重点词汇重点句式重点词汇重点句式Looking

through

my

newspaper,I’m

shocked

by

photos

showing

that

a

hurricane

in

Asia

has

destroyed

a

town.浏览报纸时我被一些照片所震惊,照片上显示亚洲的一场飓风已经毁坏了一座城镇。【句式剖析】lookingthroughmynewspaper为动词-ing形式作伴随状语,showing为动词-ing形式作photos的后置定语。ThefilmwillbeshownthisSundayafternoon,lasting2hours,from4:00to6:00.这部影片将在本周日下午放映,持续两个小时,从4:00到6:00。Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtainednewmedicalequipment,allowingmorepatientstobetreated.近期这个医院得到了新的医疗设备,使得更多的病人得到治疗。重点词汇重点句式【句式拓展】(1)动词-ing形式(短语)作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、方式或伴随情况等,可相当于一个状语从句。Findingthecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.=As/Becauseshefoundthecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.发现这门课很难,她决定调低一级。(2)动词-ing形式(短语)作状语,含有一般式(doing),完成式(havingdone)以及完成被动式(havingbeendone)。如果表示否定,not放在动词-ing形式前面。Isatattheback,neverdaringtospeak.我坐在后面,从不敢吭声。Havingwrittendownournamesandaddresses,thepolicemanletusgo.那警察把我们的姓名和地址记下之后就让我们走了。重点词汇重点句式【名师点津】判断用动词-ing形式还是过去分词作状语的关键是要分清其与逻辑主语之间的关系,是主动还是被动,其次就是分清楚其动作和谓语动词动作的先后关系。重点词汇重点句式重点词汇重点句式ⅠⅡⅢ单词拼写1.Theearthquakewasoneoftheworstnaturald

thecountryhaseversuffered.

答案:disasters2.Observecarefullyifanychangeo

whendoingexperimentsinthelab.

答案:occurs3.Thesuppliesweresenttothelocalpeoplei

theearthquakehappened.

答案:immediately4.Hewitnessedavolcanic

(爆发).

答案:eruptionⅠⅡⅢ5.Wehaddinneratapizzaplacethathadbeendestroyedbythe

(飓风).

答案:hurricane6.Theministermadethe

(通告)atanewsconference.

答案:announcement7.Heattheglass

(管子)tothepointthatitcanbend.

答案:tube8.Hereyouaretencopiesofthenewspaper,

(外加)threedictionaries.

答案:plusⅠⅡⅢ翻译句子1.虽然广告有很大的帮助,但我认为我们