高三语法专题：定语从句-课件

高三语法复习之定语从句（Ⅰ）AttributiveClause定语从句（Ⅰ）

北流市实验中学英语科余美玲定语：定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的内容。定语主要由形容词充当，也有名词、代词、介词短语、分词或者从句等。Task1划出以下短语/句子中的定语alovelygirldevelopingcountriesthemanstandingunderatreeChinais

acountrywhich/thathasalonghistory.Theboywhosefatherisateacherisamewclassmateofmine.——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————Step1：Definition(定义)AttributiveClause定语从句定义：

定义从句是起定语作用，限定修饰名词或者代词的从句。被修饰的名词或者代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的词称为关系词。关系词在句中做句子成分。关系代词

:that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系词关系副词:when,where,why___Task2:找出以下每个定语从句中的关系代词，并指出其在从句中所做的成分。1.Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.（）2.Youmustdoeverything(that)Ido.（）3.Thegirl(that)wesawyesterdaywasJam’ssister.（）4.ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.（）5.Thisisthecar(which)heboughtyesterday.（）注意：关系代词在从句中做宾语时可以省略，但其前面有介词时，不能省略。作主语作宾语作宾语作宾语作宾语Step2关系代词的用法1.关系代词that,which,who,whom，whose引导的定语从句Task3:请在下列空格中填入适当的关系代词：1.Theboys______areplayingfootballarefromclassone.2.Thehouse________Iboughtlastyearhasgotalovelygarden.3.Pleasepassmethebook_______colorisred.4.Theyrushedovertohelptheman_______carhadbrokendown.6.Thenovel_________Ihavereadthreetimesisverytouching.7.Simonisacomedianandactor_______has10year’sexperience.8.Manyyoungpeople,mostof______werewelleducated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.9.Thedishes_______IcookedwereMom’sfavorite.10.Pleasesendmealltheinformation________youhaveaboutthecandidatefortheposition.解题点播：选用关系代词，就看定语从句中缺少什么成分，再根据关系代词使用法则来选择。who/thatwhich/thatwhosewhosewhich/thatwho/thatwhomwhich/thatthatStep3:特殊用法

注意：that和which都可以指代物，做主语和宾语，但以下几种情况只能用that）thatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat但以下情况只能用whichTask4:1.Doyouhaveanything_____youdon’tunderstand.2.Theonlything_____wecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.3.Whoistheman_____isstandingthere.4.Herbag,in______sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.5.Sheheardaterriblenoise,_____broughtherheartintohermouth.thatthatthatwhichwhich它是who的所有格，在从句中作定语，后接名词，既可指人，表示“某（些）人的”；也可指物，表示“某物的”Eg.Thisisthescientistwhose

nameisknownallovertheworld.Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisred.巧学妙记：关系词，引定从，它们的用法各不同。

that可做主宾表，指人指物它都行。

which专来指物用，主语宾语它也能。

who和whom来指人，whom仅作宾语用。

whose一词作定语，指人指物都管用。Step4：whose的用法Task5:Lihua,agirlstudentof16,______parentsarebothteachers,isourmonitor.Sheisverystrictwithus,_______makesusangry,butwealllikeher.Thisteacher,with_______sonIwork,islikedbyallthestudents.Thechair,thelegsof______arebroken,isbeingrepairednow.whosewhichwhosewhichStep5：as的用法：

关系代词，意为“正如”，在从句中作主语或者宾语Eg.Ilikethebookasyoudo.(作宾语)Asisoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.（作主语）as常用语以下习惯用语中asisannounced正如宣布的asisexpected正如预料的asisknowntoall众所周知asissaid正如所说的asisreported正如报道的asusuallyhappens正如常发生的asyoucansee正如你所看见的ascouldbeexpected正如可以预料的Step6：介词+关系代词引导的定语从句（1）介词的前置Eg.Themanwho/whomyouspoketowasascientist.=Themantowhomyouspokewasascientist.

Thecitywhich/thatshelivesinisfaraway.=Thecityinwhichshelivesisfaraway.不能用who,介词后要用宾格不能用that，that不能用在介词之后介词的选择（1）根据从句中谓语动词或形容词的搭配egThestudent______whomweweretalkingjustnowisthebeststudentinourclass.Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks_______whichIamnotveryfamiliar.talkwith/tosb.故填with/tobefamiliarwith,故填with(2)与先行词的搭配Eg.Doyoufindthepen_______whichIwrotejustnow?I’llneverforgettheday______whichshesaidgood-byetome.(3)根据句子意思Eg.Hewearsapairofthickglasses______whichhecan’tseeanything.Intheoffice,Ineverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30pm,_____manypeoplehavegonehome.writewiththepen,故填withontheday,故填on根据句意，“没有眼镜他……”,故填without根据句意，“截止到那个时候”,故填

bywhichtimeTask7:Doyoulikethebook____________shespent＄10？Doyoulikethebook____________shepaid＄10?Doyoulikethebook____________shelearnedalot?Doyoulikethebook_____________sheoftentalks?Hebuiltatelescope____________hecouldstudyskies.Thereisatalltreeoutside,___________standsourteacher?onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhichthroughwhichunderwhichTask8

：高考真题链接1.（2017北京）Thelittleproblems__________wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.2.（2017天津）Myeldestson,__________worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.3.（2017江苏）In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneof__________purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.4.（2016北京）Ilivenextdoortoacouple_________childrenoftenmakealotofnoise.5.（2016浙江）Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears,noneof_________hasbeenproved.6.（2016江苏）Manyyoungpeople,mostof________werewelleducated,headedfortheremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.which/thatwhosewhosewhosewhichwhom7.（2015福建）ChinaTodayattractsaworldwidereadership,__________showsthatmoreandmorepeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnaboutChina.8.(2015江苏)Thenumberofsmokers,______isreported,hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.9.（2014山东）Acompany________profitsfromhomemarketsaredecliningmayseekopportunitiesabroad.10.（2014重庆）We’llreachthesalestargetinamonth__________wesetatt