高三一轮复习英语课件：写作训练+

英语写作训练写作训练的思路写一完整的句子:

句子的完整句子的连贯句子的简洁句子的多样化主题句,扩展句,结论句设计一个段落:基础写作读写任务写一个完整的句子这几句是正确的句子吗?如果你认为有误,该怎么改?1.Themeetingwilluntil3:00.2.Workhard,youwillsucceed.3.Ihaveabrother,whoisadoctor.4.Thereareonly4studentstakepartintheclass.lastand^^^whotaking/totake句子的分类简单句:

只包含一个主谓结构的句子.并列句:

主谓结构+连词(and,but,so,or……)+主谓结构

(或更多的主谓结构)复合句:引导词+主谓结构,主谓结构

(从句)(主句)

五种基本的简单句主语+不及物动词2.主语+及物动词+宾语Birdsfly.Busesrunfromdawntillmidnight.Wearestudyinghard.Wehavereadmanybooks.Theydoshoppingattheweekend.WearelearningEnglish.

3.主语+系动词+表语4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语

Wearestudents.Hebecameascientist.Thatsoundsgood.HegaveTom

apresent.Heofferedmeajob.

Wemadehim

ourmonitor.Themanagerthinkstheplan

practical.

Hewillhavehisbike

repaired.Iwon’thaveyou

speakingtoyourmotherlikethat.练习:翻译下面的简单句1.1939年爆发了第二次世界大战.2.一天,她高兴地走进我的房间.3.一轮红日从东方升起.4.张飞在三年级六班.5.那个故事听起来很有趣.TheSecondWorldWar/WorldWarIIbrokeoutin1939.

Onedayshecameintomyroomhappily.

Theredsunrisesintheeast

ZhangFeiisinClass6Grade3.

Thatstorysoundsinteresting.

6.老师好像对我的工作很满意.7.早睡早起对人的身体有益.8.胡姗姗读过这本书多次了.Theteacherseemedtobepleasedwithmywork.Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisgood/beneficialfor/doesgoodtoyourhealth.HuShanshanhasreadthebookmanytimes.并列句1.用连词/副词

(and,but,so,foror,notonly…butalso,either…or,neither…nor,while,both…and,however,therefore…)1)LiMingis18yearsoldandheisastudentinNo.1MiddleSchool.2)Hurryuporyou’llbelateforschool.3)Imustgonow,formysisteriswaitingforme.2.用“;”3.用“;+adv”1)Wefishedallday;wedidn’tcatchanything.Wefishedallday;however,wedidn’tcatchanything.2)Thecarwasalmostnew;besides,itwasinexcellentcondition.

,butwe,soall…2)Lilydoeswellinstudy;alltheteachersthinkhighlyofher.

练习:翻译下列句子

1.他虽然有病,但是还是上学去了.2.汤姆很穷,而他的弟弟却发了财.3.他丢了工作,因此这些天心情不好.Hewasill;however,/butyethewenttoschool.Although/Thoughhewasill,hewenttoschool.Illas/thoughhewas,hewenttoschool.Whilehewasill,hewenttoschool.Tomwaspoorwhilehisbrotherbecameveryrich.Helosthisjob,sohewasunhappythesedays.Hewasinabadmoodbecausehelosthisjob.复合句复合句里包含两个或更多的主谓结构,其中有一个主谓结构为句子的主体称为主句，另一个／些主谓结构为从句，他（们）只能充当句子的某一（些）成分，,如:主语,宾语,表语,同位语,定语,状语等.根据他们在句子中的功能分别称为主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,定语从句,状语从句等.

判断下面句子属于哪种复合句1)Whenweshallhaveoursportsmeetingisstillaquestion.2)ThelettersaysthattheyareleavingonFriday.3)That’swhattheyshoulddo.4)WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcomeandvisitChinaagain.5)ThisistheverydictionarythatIamlookingfor.6)Astimewenton,Einstein’stheoryprovedtobecorrect.

主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句定语从句状语从句练习:改正下面句子,使之成为正确的一句话Faulty:Thereareforty-fivestudentsinourclass,one-thirdofthemarefromnearbycountries.

1.Thereareforty-fivestudentsinourclass,andone-thirdofthemarefromnearbycountries.2.Thereareforty-fivestudentsinourclass;one-thirdofthemarefromnearbycountries.3.Thereareforty-fivestudentsinourclass,one-thirdofwhomarefromnearbycountries.Itwasraininghard,theycouldnotworkinthefield.

1.Itwasraininghard；theycouldnotworkinthefield.2.Itwasraininghard,sotheycouldnotworkinthefield.3.Itwasrainingsohardthattheycouldnotworkinthefield.4.Theycouldnotworkinthefieldbecauseitwasraininghard.5.

Asitwasraininghard,theycouldnotworkinthefield.Theprofessorwalkedintotheclassroom,hecarriedabagofbookswithhim.1.Theprofessorwalkedintotheclassroomandhecarriedabagofbookswithhim.2.Theprofessorwalkedintotheclassroom;hecarriedabagofbookswithhim.3.Theprofessor,whocarriedabagofbooks,walkedintotheclassroom,4.Theprofessorwalkedintotheclassroom,carryingabagofbookswithhim.5.Theprofessorwalkedintotheclassroomwithabagofbooks.句子的连贯Faulty:Amanisjudgednotonlybywhathesaysbutalsobyhisdeeds.Faulty:Theideahementionedatfirstsoundedgood.

1.Amanisjudgednotonlybywhathesaysbutalsobywhathedoes.2.Amanisjudgednotonlybyhiswordsbutalsobyhisdeeds.

1.Theideahefirstmentionedsoundedgood.2.Theideahementionedsoundedgoodatfirst.

前后的一致、对等、平衡连贯性的要求是：句子前后之间要有照应，有衔接，思想的表达应该有序，清楚．句子与句子之间的过渡要符合逻辑，不能造成歧义或矛盾．句子的简洁１．文字简洁.

如下面这些短语均可用括号中的词代替:fromtimetotime(often),drawaconclusion(conclude),withanger(angrily),Itisclearthat…(clearly)试比较下列改写的句子.

Doyouknowthemanwhoisspeakingatthemeeting?Lookoutforcarswhileyouarecrossingthestreet?Doyouknowthemanspeakingatthemeeting?Lookoutforcarswhilecrossingthestreet?

练习:改写下列句子,使其更简洁

1.Hegavemanyreasonsforthefailure,butthereasonshegavewerenotconvincing.2.Thegreatwall,whichhasahistoryofmorethan2000years,isoneoftheworldheritages.Hegavemanyreasonsforthefailure,butnoneofthemwasconvincing.Thegreatwallwithahistoryofmorethan2000yearsisoneoftheworldheritages.练习:改写下列句子,使其更简洁

3.Heattendedthepartythoughhewasbadlyill.4.NieEr,whoisthecomposeroftheNationalAnthemforthePeople’sRepublicofChina,wasborninYunnaninFebruary1912.

Heattendedthepartyinspiteofhisillness.

NieEr,thecomposeroftheNationalAnthemforthePeople’sRepublicofChina,wasborninYunnaninFebruary1912.

练习:改写下列句子,使其更简洁

8.Doyouknowthegirlwhoisdressedinred?Doyouknowthegirl_____________.9.Theprofessorwalkedintotheclassroomandhecarriedabagofbookswithhim.Theprofessorwalkedintotheclassroom,_______________________________.10.Themanwhoisstandingbythewindowisourteacher.The

man__________________＿isourteacher.

（dressed）inredcarryingabagofbookswithhimstandingbythewindow练习:改写下列句子,使其更简洁

11.Wedidn’tknowhertelephonenumber,sowecouldn’tgetintouchwithher.__________________________________,wecouldn’tgetintouchwithher.12.JohnsonlookedlikeamanwhowaswantedinLosAngelesforrobbery.Johnsonlookedlikeaman_______________________.13.Wefinallyreachedhomeat10pm,andweweretiredandhungry.Wefinallyreachedhomeat10pm,________________.NotknowinghertelephonenumberwantedinLosAngelesforrobberytiredandhungry段落(设计好一个段落)一般说来,一个段落由三部分组成:主题句,扩展句和结论句.主题句提出的论述的主题,扩展句利用必要的细节对主题加以论证说明,结论句总结全文,在论证的基础上得出结论.这三者是段落的必要成分,他们相辅相成,构成一个完整的段落.有些段落还有过渡句,它起到段与段之间的顺利过渡.1.主题句1)主题句的位置:请找出段落的主题句Smokingisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentshowthatsmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousdiseasecancer,smokingcanalsocauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itgivesonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforsmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldortheterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?AlbertEinstein,oneoftheworld’sgreatestscientists,failedinhisuniversityentranceexamonhisfirstattempt.WilliamFaulkner,oneofAmerica’sfamouswriters,neverfinishedcollegebecausehecouldnotpasshisEnglishcourses.SirWinstonChurchill,whoisconsideredoneofthemastersoftheEnglishlanguage,wasverypoorinEnglishduringmiddleschool.Thesefewexamplesshowthatschooldoesnotalwayspredictfailureinlife.Karaok,whichwasinventedbyaJapanese,oneofthegreatestwondersofmoderntechnology.Needlesstosay,Karaokisagoodwayofrest.Youcanlearnanewsongeasily.It’salsoagoodwaytomakeyourfriendshappy.Nearlyeverybodyhasachancetobeasingingstar.However,everythinghastwosides,sodoesKaraok.It’snoisytoyourneighbors.Besides,ifyousingbadly,theywillfeeluncomfortable.Infact,youaresuretomakeasoundpollution2)写好主题句,有两条原则1.主题句要明确,句中须有一个词,词组,或从句让读者一目了然本段的确切主题,明确本段的重点或观点.例如:Thisparagraphwilltalkaboutbirds.这句作为主题句就太笼统,不确切.试比较以下几句,下列几个主题句就确切地阐明了段落的主题:a.Birdshaveagreatsenseofdirection.b.Petownersprefercertainspeciesofbirds.c.Inmyopinion,abirdmakesabetterpetthanacatdoes.d.Birdsaresufferingfromair-pollution.2.主题句要概括,它陈述你要说明的重点和观点,句中必须包含有可扩展主题的词,词组或从句.他应该是你将进一步表明你的态度和看法的概括.同时,主题句有利于控制作者本人的主题的扩展.例如:TheyounggirlstudiedChineseHistory.该主题句未能概括主题的要点,则不利于下面的扩展.最好增添一个词或一个短语来修改这个句子,以便顺利地展开你的主题.例如:a.TheyounggirleagerlystudiedChineseHistory.b.TheyounggirlstudiedChineseHistoryunderafamoushistorian.c.TheyounggirlfoundthreereasonsforstudyingChineseHistory.2.下面各段没有主题句,请根据全段内容拟定一个主题句.1)_____________________________.Forexampleteacherslivebysellingknowledge,philosophersbysellingwisdomandpriestsbysellingspiritualcomfort.Thoughitmaybepossibletomeasurethevalueofmaterialgoodsintermsofmoney,itisverydifficulttocalculatethetruevalueofserviceswhichpeopleperformforus.Theconditionsofsocietyaresuchthatsillshavetobepaidforinthesamewaythatgoodsarepaidforatshop.Everyonehassomethingtosell.

Everyonelivesbysellingsomething.2)____________________________________.BeforeenteringahouseinJapan,itisagoodmannertotakeoffyourshoes.InEuropeancountrieseventhoughshoessometimesbecomeverymuddy,thisisnotdone.AguestinaChinesehouseneverfinishesadrink.Heleavesalittletoshowthathehashadenough.InaMalaysianhouse,too,aguestleavesalittlefood.InEngland,aguestalwaysfinishesadrinktoshowthathehasenjoyedit.Itseemsthatmannersindifferentcountriesareneverthesame.Differentcountriesanddifferentraceshavedifferentmanners.3)________________________________.Firecanheatwater,cook,giveoutlightandkeepyourhousewarm.Sometimes,however,bigfirescanburndownhousesandforests.Forexample,thebigfirecausedbyYuanmingPalace,afamouspalaceinQingDynasty,ruinedcompletely.Sowemustbeverycarefulwithmatches,burningcigarettes,faultyelectricappliancesorunquenched(未扑灭的)fires

Becarefulwithfirebecauseitdoesnotalwaysdousgood.

扩展句

扩展句的作用是丰富,支持,扩展主题句的内涵.他们是段落的血和肉.扩展句的表达形式是多种多样的,可以按时间或空间顺序,从整体到局部从局部到整体的方法叙述,描写,说明或议论,也可用比较,对比,比喻,推导,归纳,演绎的手段来展现.单一性:

一个段落只说明一个问题,讲述一件事,扩展句必须紧紧地围绕着主题句,不偏离中心思想.

通常对扩展句的要求有两个

:单一性和连贯性③找出一个违背单一性的句子.

①Chinahasmadegreatprogressinreducingitspopulationgrowth.②Chinahasalreadycutitsrateofpopulationgrowthbyaboutonehalfsince1970.③Itiswrongofthewesterngovernmentstofindfaultwithitspoliciesofeliminationofpoverty.④Chinanowurgeseachfamilytohavenomorethanonechild.⑤Andithopestoreachzeropopulationgrowth,thenumberofbirthequalingthenumberofdeath,bytheyear2000.

连贯性:

段落中各扩展句前后衔接,条理清楚,合乎逻辑,使读者很容易抓住段落的中心思想.在议论文中,我们常会谈到首先,其次,然后,该如何表达?1)first,second,third,last2)firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally3)thefirst,thesecond,thethird,thelast4)tobeginwith,then,furthermore,finally5)tostartwith,next,inaddition,/besides,lastbutnotleast6)ontheonehand,ontheotherhand7)foronething,foranotherthing练习:根据所给的主题句和提示,写好段落的扩展句

(1)主题句:Howexcitedwewerewhenwelearnedthatweweregoingtohaveaspringhour.①after—discussion—agree—climb—outofthecity②we—oftenpassby–mountain—thefirsttime—thinkof—climbit③setout—early—morning④about—anhour—begin—tired—stillalongway—go⑤shortbreak—goon—climb⑥lunchtime—gettothetop—mountain⑦ourbeautifulcity—belowus—happy—verytired结尾句:Itprovesthatmanythingsarejustlikeclimbingamountain;theylookattractive,buttheyarenoteasytodo.参考答案:(1)Afteraheateddiscussionweagreedtoclimbthemountainoutsidethecity.Wehadpassedbythemountainwhenweweretakingabusoutofthecity,butitwasthefirsttimewehadthoughtofclimbingit.Westartedearlyinthemorning.Aboutanhourlater,webegantofeeltired,buttherewasstillalongwaytogo.Wetookashortbreakandthenwentonclimbing.Notuntillunchtimedidwegettothetopofthemountain.Atsightofourbeautifulcitybelowus，wefelthappythoughweweretiredout.练习:根据所给的主题句和提示,写好段落的扩展句

(2)主题句:Hewaskindandshybeforeagroupofnaughtygirls,buthewasverystrictinhisteachingandwithourstudents.①teachus—alotinknowledge—aswellasinmorality②Iremember—myfinalexam③Haveanidea—lookindictionary—secretly④Unfortunately—discover—savemyface⑤Afterexam—call—tohisoffice—myheart—beatfast⑥Insteadofscolding—saykindly—advise—dogood—moved—tears⑦18years—pass—keep—remindme—studyhard—honest参考答案:(2)Hetaughtusalotinknowledgeaswellasinmorality.Irememberthetimeofmyfinalexamination.Ihadtheideaoflookinginmydictionarysecretly.Unfortunately,mysecretwasdiscoveredbyhimandhesaidnothingtosavemyface.Aftertheexamination,Iwascalledtohisoffice.Myheartwasbeatingfast.Insteadofscolding,hetalkedkindlytomeandadvisedmetodogood.Iwasmovedtotears.Eighteenyearshaspassed,butthelessonremainsdeepinmymemoryandalwaysremindsmetostudyhardandkeephonest.

结论句结论句并非必不可少,但它能起到以下的作用:(1)

表示段落的结束(2)

总结要点,与主题句相呼应(3)供读者就本段落的主要内容和见解有个深刻的印象或进行思考

结论句:(推荐)1.(主题句:Lifeislimited,butknowledgeisboundless.)结尾句:Howimportantitistoreadgoodbooks!2.(主题句:Booksarefullofknowledgeandwisdom.)结尾句:Whyshouldn’twereadmorebookstosearchmoreandusethemtodevelopoursplendidfuture?3.(主题句:WhenIwasalittlegirl,Ilivedwithmygrandparentsinafarawayvillage.)结尾句:Timewasgonewiththewind.Butmychildhoodislikeamber(琥珀),glitteringinmylife.感叹句疑问句比喻结论句:(推荐)1.(主题句:FromMondaytoFridaywegotoschool,andwehavetodohomeworkonSaturdayandSunday.Ourrightsofenjoyingourweekendshavebeentakenawaybythosewhowishustodowellinourlessons.)结尾句:Inshort,foryoungpeople,notonlyareweeagerforknowledgebutalsowearethirstyforcolorfullives.Let’sbecometherealmastersofweekends.2.(主题句:Successcomeswithhardwork.)结尾句:So,asTomasEdisononcesaid,geniusisonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration.总结,概括引用名言专题训练基础写作读写任务基础知识:常用表达1.时间:星期:月份:在星期日在2006年在二月份在2006年二月份在2006年二月三号SundayJanuary,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December(缩写形式)On

Sundayin2006inFebruary,2006inFebruaryonFebruary3rd,2006/Onthe3rdFebruary,2006MondayTuesday,WednesdayThursdayFridaySaturday在5点钟在上午/下午/晚上

在九月5号的上午/下午/晚上

在一个阳光灿烂的上午/下午

在21世纪在20世纪30年代9:00-10:00atfiveo’clockinthemorning/afternoon/eveningonthemorning/afternoon/eveningofSeptember5thonasunnymorning/afternooninthe21stcenturyinthe1930sfrom9to102.人名:3.地点(由小到大)李华

李丽华

李教授

史密斯一家

LiHuaLiLihuaProfessorLitheSmiths韶关广州广东省我住在韶关市浈江区建国路15号

我们学校在广东省韶关市503房

四楼ShaoguanGuangzhou

Guangdong

ProvinceIliveatNo15onJiangguoRoad,ZhenjiangDistrictofShaoguan.Myschoolislocated/situatedinShaoguan,GuangdongProvince.Room503onthefourthfloor我18岁。在某人30多岁/40多岁的时候我身高160厘米。我体重50公斤。Iam18yearsold./Iaman18-year-oldstudent.inone’sthirties/forties.Iam160cmtall./Iam160cm./Iam160cminheight.Iam50kilograms./Iam50kg./Iam50kginweight.5基数词,序数词

百,千,百万,十亿

:五百

成千上百四分之一

五分之三百分之十

第一…第十:第十二

第二十第十四

第四十

第四十五

第一课hundred,thousand,million,billion

fivehundredthousandsofaquarter/onefourththreefifthstenpercent/oneinten/oneoutoftenfirst,second,third,fourth,fifth,sixth,seventh,eighth,ninth,tenthtwelfth

twentiethfourteenthfortieth

forty-fifthLessonOnetheFirstLesson基础写作的评分标准:

准确性:

句子的表达要符合语法规范.完整性:

题目所列举的信息要表达完整连贯性:

整段话是一个篇章,句子之间要衔接自然,能恰当地使用连词,不是单纯的翻译句子复杂性:

无

基础写作四重奏:

1.信息划分

:确定哪些相关的信息可用一句话表达,确保5个句子表达完所有的信息.建议可在题目上用铅笔做

①,②,③,④,⑤的标志(完整性)2.列出关键词组和句型

(准确性)3.串联句子:用正确的语法结构写出准确的句子,并形成篇章

(连贯性)4.检查(准确性)[写作内容]人物介绍：老师范例(1)1李莎，女，英语老师,22岁，1.65米，身材苗条,装扮入时。2性格活泼，爱唱爱跳，爱开玩笑。3教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。4与学生关系融洽，深受同学欢迎；5.常与学生通过电子邮件和网上聊天交流。[写作要求]1题目：AUniqueTeacher2必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容3将5个句子组织成连贯的短文步骤一：句子内容完整性

将所给信息整合成5个句子1李莎，女，22岁，1。65米，身材苗条，装扮入时。2性格活泼，爱唱爱跳，爱开玩笑。3教学方法生动活泼，常做游戏，精讲多练。4与学生关系融洽，深受同学欢迎；5常与学生通过电子邮件和网上聊天交流。本题不需要进行信息整合,每一点一句话1.beslimandfashionable2.active…likes…playjokes

3.belivelyandinterestingplaygames,notspeakmuch,leavesmoretime4.getonwellwith…,bepopularwith…5.communicatewith..bye-mailorInternet步骤二：句子所需的词汇，短语和句型

：AUniqueTeacher

①LiSha，ourEnglishteacher,isafashionableandslimyounglady,whois22yearsold,and1.65meterstall.②Theactiveteacherlikesdancing,singing，andsheplaysjokeswithus.③Herlessonsareinterestingandlively;sheleavesusmuchtimetopractiseandweoftenplaygamesinclass.④MissLigetsonwellwithusandsheisverypopular.⑤Afterclass,shealsocommunicatewithusbye-mailorInternet.。范文1:步骤三：连词成句，连句成篇AUniqueTeacher

①LiSha，ourEnglishteacher,isafashionableandslimyounglady,whois22yearsold,and1.65meterstall.②Theactiveteacherlikesdancing,singingandjoking.③Besides,herlessonsareinteresting,lively;herteachingmethodsarealsoveryunique,duringwhichweoftenplaygames.④Shenevertalksmuchinclass,instead,sheleavesusmuchtimetopractisebyourselves,soallofusareinterestedinherlessons.⑤MissLigetsonwellwiththestudents;shealwayscommunicateswithusbye-mailorInternet.范文2:步骤四:检查1.时态2.主谓一致3.名词单复数4.单词拼写5.动词的过去式,过去分词6.句子是否完整[写作内容]1.地理位置:在广东省深圳的南面2.人口约600万,面积1000余平方公里3.交通:有现代化的港口及著名的国际机场,新修建的京九铁路把香港和祖国首都北京连接起来4.历史:香港自古以来是中国领土.150多年前英国入侵香港,占领香港5.回归:1997年7月1日[写作要求]1题目：HongKong2必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容3将5个句子组织成连贯的短文belocated/situated---tothesouthofhasapopulationof/Thepopulationof…is---coveranareaof…modernseaport---internationalairport---newly-builtrailway---connect…withbelongto---invade---occupyreturntoChina---onJuly1st,1997步骤二：句子所需的词汇，短语和句型步骤一:信息划分(本题提示清晰,这步可省略)：HongKong

①HongKongliestothesouthofShenzhen,GuangdongProvinceofChina.②Ithasapopulationofabout6,000,000andcoversanareaofmorethan1,000squarekilometers.③IthasnotonlythemodernseaportbutalsothefamousNewInternationalAirport;Thenewly-builtrailwayfromBeijingtoJiulongconnectsHongKongwiththecapitalofourcountry.④Sincelongago,HongKonghasbelongedtoChina;unfortunately150yearsagotheEnglishsoldiersinvadedChinaandoccupiedHongKongbyforce.⑤Tothegreatdelightofus

Chinesepeople,HongKongreturnedtoChinaonJuly1st,1997.范文:步骤三：连词成句，连句成篇读写任务写概括发表观点或看法如何概括一个段落如何概括一篇文章典型模板常用句子DefinitionAsummaryisashortaccountgivingthemainpointsofsomethinglongerordetailed.

Task1:Findouthowtocompress(精练)paragraphsSkill1:Omit(省略)thedetailsSkill2:OmittheexamplesSkill3:

Usegeneral(概括性)wordsinsteadofspecific(具体的)wordsSkill4:Putthemainpointsofadialogueinindirectspeech(间接引语)Example:Then,youcanthinkofawaytomakebothsideshappy.Herearesometips:1.Maketimetotalk.Youcouldtalkaboutyourschoollifeandyourplansforthefuture.2.Keepadiary.Itcanhelpyouunderstandmoreaboutyourselfandyourfeelings.3.Showyourparentsyouaregrowingup.Washyourownclothesandhelparoundthehouse.Pleasefollowtheexampletochoosetheproperskillfromtheones.>>Therearesometipsforchildrentofollowsothattheycangetonwellwiththeirparents.Skill1:Omitthedetailseg:Sometimes,kidsdon’tthinktheirparentsarefairtothem.Whenyouwanttodressinamodernway,yourmumdoesn’tlikeyouwearingamini-skirt.Whenyouaremakingphonecallstofriends,theyaskwhetheryou’respeakingtoaboyoragirl.

>>Itisquitenaturalthatwechildrenlookatthesameproblemdifferentlyfromourparents.Skill2:Omittheexamples.eg:KatelookedatPauldisapprovingly,“Youusetoomuchsaltonyourfood,Paul.It’snotatallgoodforyou!”Paulputdownhisknifeandfrowned,“Whyonearthnot!Ifyoudidn’thavesaltonyourfooditwouldtasteawful…likeeatingcardboardorsand…justimaginebreadwithoutsaltinit!”

>>KatesuggestedthatPaulshouldeatlesssalt.ButPauldisagreed.Hesaidthatfoodwithoutsaltwouldbetasteless.

Skill4:Putthemainpointsofadialogueinindirectspeech.4.eg:ShebroughthomeseveralChineseandEnglishnovels,afewcopiesofTimeandNewsweek,andsometextbooks.Sheintendedtoreadallofthemduringthewintervacation.>>Shebroughthomealotofbooksandmagazinestoreadduringthevacation.Skill3:Usegeneral(概括性)wordsinsteadofspecific(具体的)words.Task2:findouthowtosummarizethewholepassage①段意合并法②要素串联法

③主题概括法

1.Fillintheblanks.2.Matchthemainideawiththeproperskill.ItmusthavebeenabouttwointhemorningwhenIreturnedhome.Itriedtowakeupmywifebyringingthedoorbell,butshewasfastasleep,soIgotaladderfromtheshedinthegarden,putitagainstthewall,andbeganclimbingtowardsthebedroomwindow.Iwasalmosttherewhenasarcasticvoicebelowsaid,“Idon’tthinkthewindowsneedcleaningatthistimeofthenight.”IlookeddownandnearlyfellofftheladderwhenIsawapoliceman.IimmediatelyregrettedansweringinthewayIdid,butIsaid,“Ienjoycleaningwindowsatnight.”“SodoI,”answeredthepolicemaninthesametone.“Excusemyinterruptingyou.Ihatetointerruptamanwhenhe’sbusyworking,butwouldyoumindcomingwithmetothestation?”“Well,I’dprefertostayhere,”Isaid.“Yousee,I’veforgottenmykey.”“Yourwhat?”hecalled.“Mykey,”Ishouted.Fortunately,theshoutingwokeupmywifewhoopenedthewindowjustasthepolicemanhadstartedtoclimbtowardsme

Summary:Onarrivinghomeatabouttwo

inthemorning,thewriterfailedtowakeuphiswifebythedoorbell.Hetriedtoclimbtowardsthebedroomwindow,butwasfoundby

apoliceman.Soonhisshoutingwokehiswife.(40words)

Skill:

②要素串联法（常用于记叙文）

Advertisingcanbeaservicetocustomers.Thisistruewhenadvertisementsgivereliableinformationaboutthegoodsadvertised.Suchinformationisneededifthecustomeristomakeasensiblechoicewhenhebuyssomething.Itisusefulinthatitletshimknowofthekindsofgoodsintheshops.Printedadvertisementsdothisjobbest.Customerscancollectthemandcomparethem.Theycanbetakenalongtotheshopsandtheirstatementscanbecheckedagainstandactualgoodsintheshops.

Someadvertisementsarenotveryusefultothecustomers.Insteadofhelpingthecustomertosatisfyhisrealneeds,theysetouttomakehimwantthings.Theysetouttomakeusbelievethatwhattheyadvertisewillmakeuscleverer,prettier,morehandsome,ifonlyweuseit.ThevoiceonTVsays,“GetawaypeopleuseXYZpetrol.”Thescreenshowsapictureofpetrolpumpforafastexpensivecarownedbyaboywithaprettygirlfriend.Theydriveofftothewonderfulcountryoralovelybeach.Somepeoplemayfeelthatclever,successfulpeopleuseXYZpetrol.Somemightchoosethatpetroleverytimetheyfilluptheircars.

Summary:Advertisingcanbeusefulwhenitprovidescustomerswithreliableinformation，while

someadvertisementsarenotthecaseastheyareproducedonlytopersuadecustomerstobuywhattheydon’tneed.(31words)

Skill:①段意合并法(topicsentencesorkeywords，ifnotopicsentences)

Studentsshouldthinknowaboutwhatextracurricular(课外的)activitiesthey'dliketoparticipatein.Participatinginextracurricularactivitiesmayhelpyoudeepenyourphysical,creative,social,political,andcareerinterestsbybringingyouintocommunicationwithotherlike-mindedpeopleyoudidn’tpreviouslyknow. Youcanjoingroupsasawaytogetsupportfromotherstudents.Acluborgroupcanalsobeagreatwaytomeetpeoplewhoaredifferentfromyou.Lotsofyouthprogramsbringpeopletogetherwiththosewhoaredifferentasawaytobreakdownthebarriersbetweenpeople.Participatinginextracurricularactivitieshelpsyouinotherways,too.Itlooksgoodoncollegeandjobapplicationsandshowsadmissionsofficersandemployersyou'rewell-roundedandresponsible.Specificactivitieshelpwithspecificgoals. Themostbasicreasonforjoiningacluborteamisthatitgivesyousomethingbettertodothanstaringatthewall,wanderingthehall,orsleepingallafternoon.Peoplewhoareparticipatingarelesslikelytopickupbadhabits,likesmokingordrinking.Summary:Theauthor(Thepassage)discussedthebenefitofextracurricularactivities

includingbeingawaytoimprovestudents’health,widentheirsocialcircleandintroducethemtonewideasandpeople.(30words)Skill3:

主题概括法(适合于议论文)Summary=主题+主题的什么评论某一事物利与弊的套用格式

提出要评论的事物或观点.

分别陈述利与弊(或不同的观点)

归纳得出作者的结论.

a.有定论的,作者可明确表态(赞成或反对)b.争议较大的或尚无定论的,可不明确表态,提出扬长避短的方法,也可以平衡其利弊,提出某种期望和设想.典型模板Justasacoinhastwosides,______alsohassomesideeffects.However,______hasalsoalotofproblems.Foron