Unit122d语法讲练-九年级英语全册（人教版）

Unit12Lifeisfulloftheunexpected.2d&语法讲练takeashower

bythetime...

alarmclock

gooffkeepdoingsth.

wakeup

putonsomeclothes

rushoutofthedoor

give...alift

atleast

befiveminuteslateforclass洗淋浴

在……以前闹钟(闹钟)发出响声一直做某事醒来穿上衣服冲出门外捎……一程至少上课迟到5分钟Watchandreadtheconversationandanswerthequestions.Let’sread2d1.WhywasKevinlateforclass?2.HowdidKevingettoschool?Hisclockdidn’tgooff.Heoverslept.Carl’sdadsawhimonthestreetandgavehimaliftinhiscar.Listenandfillinblanks.Let’sread2dMatt:Whywereyoulateforclasstoday,Kevin?Kevin:Myalarmclockdidn’t____________!Ikeptsleeping,andwhenI____________itwasalready8:00a.m.!Matt:Oh,no!Kevin:SoIjustquickly________someclothesand____________thedoor.Matt:Youdidn’t_____________?Kevin:No,Ididn’teven__________________or________________!ButbeforeI__________thebusstop,thebushadalreadyleft.Matt:Thenhowdidyougethere?Kevin:Luckily,Carl’sdadsawmeonthestreetand___________inhiscar.Matt:Well,atleastbythetimeyougottoschool,youwereonlyfiveminuteslateforclass.eatbreakfastbrushmyteethwashmyfacegottogavemealiftgooffwokeupputonrushedoutofthealarmdidn'tgooffwokeuplatedidn'tbrushteethorwashfaceorhavebreakfastdidn'tcatchthebusCarl'sdadgavehimaliftlateforclassforfiveminutesListenandreadtheconversationandpayattentiontothephrases.Let’sread2dMatt:Whywereyoulateforclasstoday,Kevin?Kevin:Myalarmclockdidn’tgooff!Ikeptsleeping,andwhenIwokeupitwasalready8:00a.m.!Matt:Oh,no!Kevin:SoIjustquicklyputonsomeclothesandrushedoutofthedoor.Matt:Youdidn’teatbreakfast?Kevin:No,Ididn’tevenbrushmyteethorwashmyface!ButbeforeIgottothebusstop,thebushadalreadyleft.Matt:Thenhowdidyougethere?Kevin:Luckily,Carl’sdadsawmeonthestreetandgavemealiftinhiscar.Matt:Well,atleastbythetimeyougottoschool,youwereonlyfiveminuteslateforclass.（闹铃等）发出响声冲出……；跑出……穿上givesb.alift捎某人一程GrammarfocusWhenIgottoschool,IrealizedthatIhadleftmybackpackathome.BythetimeIgotbacktoschool,thebellhadrung.BeforeIgottothebusstop,thebushadalreadyleft.IwasabouttogouptomyofficewhenIdecidedtogetacoffeefirst.AsIwaswaitinginlinewiththeotherofficeworkers,Iheardaloudsound.第一类：第二类：把下列句子分类GrammarfocusDiscusswithyourpartner!1、为什么主句和从句分别使用过去完成时态？2、在使用不同时态时从句和主句的先后顺序？Whenhecamein,thestudentsstoodup.Whenthebabysawhermother,shestoppedcryingHewasabouttowatchamoviewhenhisparentsknockedatthedoor.Theywereabouttogetonthebuswhentheyheardsomeoneshout.AsIwasstandinginfrontoftheteachers’office,Isawaboyfightwithanotherboy..Ashewasdoinghousework,abirdflewintothekitchen.Q1：在以上时间状语从句中，主句和从句的动作是先后发生，还是同时发生？Q2：主从句都使用过去时态的时间状语从句的引导词有什么？Answers:1.在以上的时间状语从句中，主句和从句的动作都是同时发生，或者在进行一个动作时，另一个动作突然发生。2.主句和从句都用过去时态的时间状语从句引导词有when,as等GrammarFocusWhenIgottoschool,IrealizedthatIhadleftmybackpackathome.BythetimeIgotbacktoschool,thebellhadrung.BeforeIgottothebusstop,thebushadalreadyleft.IwasabouttogouptomyofficewhenIdecidedtogetacoffeefirst.AsIwaswaitinginlinewiththeotherofficeworkers,Iheardaloudsound.PastPerfectTense(过去完成时态）1.方框里是什么语法？2.其基本结构是：had+过去分词过去完成时(1)构成：由“助动词had(用于各种人称和数)+过去分词”构成否定式：hadnot+过去分词

缩写形式：hadn’t+过去分词(2)用法：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。(3)它所表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。①表示过去某一时间可用by,before

等构成的短语来表示。②也可以用when,before

等引导的时间状语从句来表示。③还可以通过状语从句或通过上下文暗示。过去完成时的判断

由“过去的过去”来判定。

过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的动作用一般过去时。

例：WhenIgottothestation,thetrainhadalreadyleft.

当我到车站时，火车已经离开了。Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.完成作业后他就去睡觉了。

firstfirst后过去完成时的句式类型肯定句：主语＋had＋过去分词＋…否定句：主语＋hadn’t＋过去分词＋…一般疑问句：Had＋主语＋过去分词…？

(Yes,主语＋had./No,主语＋hadn’t.)特殊疑问句：疑问词＋had＋主语＋过去分词＋…？GrammarFocus1.由时间状语来判定(1)by+过去的时间点。Ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbynineo'clocklastnight.昨天晚上九点前我已经读完这本小说了。(2)bytheendof+过去的时间点。到...为止(3)before+过去的时间点。在...之前过去的过去，先发生过去完成时的判断依据GrammarFocus1.

When

I

got

there,

the

bus

_________

(go).

2.

By

the

time

I

got

to

class,

the

teacher_____(start)

theclass.

3.BythetimeIgottoclass,theclass______(start)for5minutes.

4.我到达公共汽车站之前，汽车已经离开了。

BeforeI__________thebusstop,thebus______________.hadgonehadstartedhadbeenongottohadalreadylefte.g.他说他以前见过你。Hesaidthathe_________(see)youbefore.e.g.Bythetimetheteachercame,we______cleaningtheclassroom.A.finishedB.havefinishedC.hadfinishedhadseenCe.g.Whenwegottothecinema,themovie______fortenminutes.A.hasbeenon B.hadbeenonC.hadbegunD.beganB3)过去完成时经常用于主句为一般过去时的宾语从句中,表示从句动作先于主句动作发生,像在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句中。e.g.他告诉我说他们队已经赢了。Hetoldmethathisteam_________already_______(win).e.g.她说她仍没去过长城。Shesaidthatshe_____________(notgoto)theGreatWallyet.hadwonhadn’tbeentoThenightbeforeThanksgivingThensoonFinallyThatevening时态区别：一般过去时、现在完成时与过去完成时1.一般过去时表示在过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态

例：I

bought

thebackpack5yearsago.

我五年前买了这个背包。5yearsago

now2.现在完成时表示

动作发生在过去，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关。结构为：“助动词have（has）+done”已经做完某事

例：I

havehad

thebackpack

for5years.

我已经买了这个背包五年了。

5yearsago

havehadnow3.

过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或存在的状态，即“过去的过去”例：Ihadhadthebackpackfor4years

bylastyear.

到去年为止，我已经买了这个背包四年了。

hadhadlastyear

now1.

When

I

got

there,

the

bus

_________

(go).

2.

By

the

time

I

got

to

class,

the

teacher_____(start)

theclass.

3.BythetimeIgottoclass,theclass______(start)for5minutes.

4.我到达公共汽车站之前，汽车已经离开了。

BeforeI__________thebusstop,thebus______________.hadgonehadstartedhadbeenongottohadalreadyleft【温馨提示1】判断句子是否用过去完成时态，首先要确定时间状语，接着判断动作是否已经发生或完成，然后再来判断动作发生的先后顺序。

这个过去的时间可以用by，before等介词短语或者一个时间状语从句来表示，也可用when,before等引导的从句，或者通过上下文表示。e.g.Themoviehad

started

beforeIarrivedatthecinema.【温馨提示2】当过去完成时态中含有表示一段时间的状语时，谓语动词常用延续性动词。e.g.WhenIarrivedattheschoolgate,alltheothergirlshadbeenawayfor30minutes.beenaway表示“离开”，这里不能用“left”。现在完成时&过去完成时时态参照时间不同时间状语不同例句现在完成时站在“现在”的角度回顾过去，表示一个从过去持续到现在的动作或事件，对现在仍有影响。时间状语常用today,thisweek,thisyear,recently等Wehavelivedherefortenyears.过去完成时站在“过去”的角度回顾一个更远的过去，表示一个事件从这个更远的过去持续到离现在较近的过去。句子中必须有一个表示过去的时间或动作的参照点。时间状语常用by,bytheendof,bythetime,before,when等构成的短语或从句Wehadlivedherefortenyearswhenwehadtomovelastyear.过去完成时与一般过去时的区别过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态。一般过去时表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态。e.g.Afterhehaddonehishomework,hewentouttoplayfootball.Bythetime/WhenIgothome,shehadlockedthedoor.1.Bythetimetheteachercame,we______cleaningtheclassroom.A.finishedB.havefinishedC.hadfinished2.

Since1989,ProjectHope________millionsofyoungpeoplefrompoorfamiliesachievetheirdreamsofgoingtoschool.

A.willhelp B.helpsC.hashelped D.ishelpingCC3.Sally_______whereshehadleftthecarandthepolicefounditthismorning.A.forgot B.hasforgotten C.forgets D.hadforgottenA4.Mike_______thefurnitureintohisnewflatthistimeyesterday.A.wouldmoveB.wasmovingC.hasmovedD.hadmovedBhadbeentoldⅠ.用括号里所给词的适当形式填空。Ⅱ.翻译下列句子。

Bythetimehegottoschool,theteacherhadalreadystartedteaching.WhenIgotoutside,myfatherhadlefthome.BeforeIgotmyschoolbag,Ihadlockedthedoor.Beforeshefinishedherhomework,mymotherhadalreadybeenback.marketburn

above

missunexpectedpie

1.

I

got

up

late

and

______

the

early

bus

this

morning.2.

The

mountain

is

1,000

meters

______

the

sealevel.

3.

My

daughter

went

with

me

to

the

________and

bought

clothes.

4.

His

wife

made

some

apple

_____

for

dinner.5.

He

became

worried

when

he

heard

of

the

______________

news.

Ⅲ.

用方框中词的适当形式完成下面的句子。missedabovemarketpiesunexpected1.

I

happened

_____

him

in

the

park

yesterday.A.

meet

B.

meeting

C.

met

D.

to

meet

2.

Have

you

ever

invited

a

friend

____

your

school?

A.

for

B.

with

C.

to

D.

at

3.

What

did

you

do

______

April

Fool’s

Day?

A.

onB.

at

C.

in

D.

with

4.

—The

advertisement

says

there

will

be

a

greatcelebration

today.

—Forget

it,

it’s

a

________.

A.

fool

B.

hoax

C.

pleasure

D.

risk5.

He

announced

that

he

would

never____before

finding

a

good

job.

A.

marry

B.

married

C.

get

married

D.

get

marry

6.—Why

was

Miss

Lee

angry

this

morning?

—Because

Tom

didn’t

_____

his

homework.

A.

hand

out

B.

hand

in

C.

give

away

D.

give

out

Ⅳ.单项选择。DCABCB4aMakesentencesusingbythetimeorbefore.1.Timwentintothebathroom.Marygotup.BythetimeMarygotup,Timhadalreadygoneintothebathroom.2.Thecoffeebecamecold.Iputcreaminthecoffee.__________________________________________________3.Theteachercollectedthemathhomework.

Igottoschool.____________________________________________________________________________________________________BeforeIgottoschool,theteacherhadcollectedthemathhomework.BythetimeIarrivedatthecinema,themoviehadstarted.BythetimeIgothomefrommylanguagecourse,mymotherhadfinishedmakingtheapplepie.Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.1.BythetimeIarrivedattheparty,everyoneelse_____already__________.2.Whenheputthenoodlesintoabowl,herealizedhe______________toaddthegreenbeans(n.豆).3.Bythetimemymothercamebackfromthemarket(n.

市场),I______already__________ofthedoortogotomypianolesson.rushout,forget,arriveat,gointo,showup(赶到;露面),findoutshownuphadhadforgottenhadrushedout4.Beforeshegottotheairport,she______________abouttheearthquake.5.Whenshe___________themovietheater,sherememberedshehadforgottentofeedherdog.6.Beforeshegotachancetosaygoodbye,he____________thebuilding.(had)foundoutarrivedathadgoneintorushout,forget,arriveat,gointo,showup(赶到;露面),findoutⅠ.

从A、