2016届上海市黄浦区高中三年级一模英语试题与答案

黄浦区2015学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试

英语试卷(完卷时间：120分钟满分：150分) 2016年1月5日下午第I卷(共103分)ListeningComprehensionGrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.(A)ChicagoChicagoisanincrediblecityandakeybusinesscenterfortheMidwest.Thatmeansthatsoonerorlatermostbusinesstravelers(25) (find)themselvesthere.ThisCityGuideforChicagoprovidesbusinesstravelerswithalltheinformationtheyneed(26) (plan)asuccessfultriptoChicago.Ofcourse,italsohelpyoufindouthowtoenjoy(27) whileyou’rethere.Unlessyou’rejustinChicagofortheday,there’sagoodchancethatyou’llhavesometimeafterworktoexplorethesleeplesscityand(28) you’rereadytotakeabreakfrombusinessmeetingsorsimplywanttothrowinsomesightseeingafterabusyweekatwork.(29) helpbusinesstravelersplantheirfreetimebetter,we’vecreatedthisoverviewofthingstodoinChicago.We’llhelpyoufeelathomeinoneofAmerica’sbiggestcities.Ifyou’remainlygoingtobedowntown,thebusesandtrainsandtaxiscanprettyquicklymoveyouaround.Tomakeiteasy,we’vepulledtogetheracompletelistofthetransportationoptionsforbusinesstravelerstoChicago.Ofcourse,businesstravelers(30) alsowanttocomparepricesonrentalcarsinChicago,especiallyiftheyneedtransportationtothesurroundingsuburbs.Chicagohasahugerangeofdiningoptions.Youcanalwaysgetsomerealcomfortfoodthere,butwhenitcomestobusinesslunchesordinners,it’snicetohavesomethingalittle(31) (nice).Chicagoisawonderfulcityforbusinesstravelers.Hoteloptionsrangefromultra-fancyintowntocheapandconvenientinthesuburbs.Whileit’srelativelyeasytomovearoundChicago,it’sstillagoodideaforbusinesstravelerstoknow(32) theyneedtobeduringthedayandtoselectahotelnearby.Alternatively,youcanselectahotelthat’sintheheartofthedowntownarea.(B)SpecialPublicBudgetGraffiti(涂鸦)Vandalism(故意破坏公物的行为)inAdelaidecoststhepublicpursemorethantwomilliondollarsayear,which(33) (reveal).Ratepayersandtaxpayersfootthebillforcontinualcleanupsofgraffitifrommetropolitanbusshelters,publicbuildingsandreserves,TransAdelaidealonespendsaboutonemilliondollarsayear(34) (remove)graffitifrombusesandtrains.AndAdelaide’s27metropolitancouncilsexpecttospendatleastonemilliondollarsthisfinancialyearongraffiticlean-ups.However,costswouldbehundredsofthousandsofdollarshigher(35) councilsdidnotrelyonvolunteersorcriminalsservingcommunityorderstodothework.GlenelgCouncil,forexample,hasaCorrectionalServicesDepartmentteamwhichremovesgraffitifromtheforeshoreareaatleastonceaweek.Othercouncils,(36) Elizabeth,NoarlungaandPayneham,haveemployedspecialanti-graffitiofficers.Salisburyisamongthosecouncils(37) callonadatabankofvolunteerstoimmediatelypaintoutgraffiti“tags”.Despitethe“tagging”oftheWarMemorialonNorthTerrace(38) (follow)bythepublicoutcry18monthsago,severalcouncilshavereportedasignificantincreaseingraffitiattacks.“Wehavebudgeted$53,200forclean-upsthisyear,butwewillgooverthat.Eachyearthebudgetgoesupby15or20percent,”anElizabethCityCouncilspokesmansaidyesterday,“Itreallyis(39) enormoussocialproblem.”AspokesmanforStirlingCouncilsaidhiscouncilcouldeasilyspend$20,000ayearongraffiti,butcouldnotafford$6,000forthemostoffensiveorobviouswork.“It’snotamatterofhowmuchgraffitiyouhave,(40) howmuchyoucanaffordtocleanup,”hesaid.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.mineralsB.agricultureC.profitableD.availableE.shortagesF.J.K.celebrationsG.immigrantsH.increasedI.populationfashionableopenedChinesetraderswererecordedasmakingvoyagestothenorthcoastofAustraliafromthe1750s,butwereprobablyvisitingAustralialongbefore.ChinesemenarrivedinAustraliainsmallnumbersafterthe1788Britishsettlementasfreesettlersandcriminals.Asmallpopulationgrewrapidlyafter1848underasystemofindentured(契约的)labour,afterChinahad__41__itsportstoforeigntradein1842.TheyworkedinruralNewSouthWalesascooks,farmlabourersandetc.IndenturedChinese__42__workedinallcoloniesvariouslyasstationhands,plantationworkers,miners,onpublicworks,cabinetmakers,personalservantsandinlaundries.Mostcamefromthesouth-easternprovincesofGuangdongandFujian.Duetolabour__43__inWestAustralia,theColonialGovernmentorganizedChinesecontractlabourbetween1847and1898,mostworkingaslabourers,cooksandgardeners.ManyChinesepeoplecamefromruralbackgroundsandbroughtwiththem__44__andwatermanagementskills.By1885,therewere54ChinesemarketgardensinSydney.By1901,67%ofNewSouthWalesmarketgardenerswereChinese.GoldrushesinVictoriainthe1850sandNewSouthWalesinthe1860ssignificantly__45__thepopulationofChineseimmigrantsinAustralia;about45,000prospectorsarrivedinVictoriaalonein1854-58.Numberscontinuedtoincreaseasgoldandother__46__werediscoveredinQueensland,NorthernTerritoryandTasmania.Whenminingbecameless__47__,manyChinesepeopleworkedsuccessfullytoprovidegoodsandssuchasfurnituremaking,marketgardening,fishingand,particularly,store-keepingincludingtheimportandexportofgoodsfromoverseas.Chinesegoods,especiallytea,silk,vegetables,herbsandotherspiceswerehighlysoughtafteritemsoftradebynon-Chinesepeople.Tearooms,importingandsellingmanyvarietiesoftea,wereverypopular.Chinesesilkwasturnedinto__48__eveningwearandcloaksbyChinesetailorsandseamstresses.TodaythereisaculturallydiverseChinese__49__inAustraliawithlinkstosouth-easternChinaaswellasVietnamandHongKong.TheChinesecommunitiesinAustraliaarebroughttogethereveryyearby__50__ofLunarNewYear.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.NewTechNetwork,aneweducationorganization,strivestoensureallstudentshavetheskills,knowledge,andattributestheyneedtothriveinpost-secondaryeducation,careerandciviclife.NewTechNetworkcooperateswithdistrictleaders,administrators,andteacherswhoshareacommonpurpose:toprovideaneducationinwhichstudentsacquireknowledgeanddevelopskillsvitalto__51__inthepost-secondarypathoftheirchoosing.TheNewTechdesignissimplyablueprint,__52__asetofcorebeliefs,tools,andstrategiestohelpeachschoolfulfillitspurpose.NewTechdesignprinciplesprovideforan__53__approachcenteredonproject-basedlearning,aculturethatenablesstudentsandteachers,andtheuseoftechnologyintheclassroom.Throughextensiveprofessionaldevelopment,personalizedcoaching,andaccesstoEcho,NewTechNetwork,alearning__54__system,enablesprincipals,teachers,andstudentstodeveloprelevantandmeaningfullearningcommunities.TEACHINGTHATENGAGESAK-12PathwayThroughproject-basedlearning,internships（见习期），dualenrollment,andotherexperiencesinNewTechschools,studentsarewell__55__post-secondarypursuits.__56__,NewTechNetworkhasworkedwithpublicschooldistrictstoredesignhighschools.Morerecently,however,NewTechNetworkispartneringwithseveralschooldistrictsto__57__NewTechmiddleschoolsandelementaryschools.Insomedistricts,thisprovidesstudentswithaK-12pathway.Inelementaryandmiddleschools,thedesignprinciplesarethesame—teachingthatengages,culturethatempowers,andtechnologythatenables.Astheelementaryandmiddleschoolsmature,NewNetworkwillmeasuresuccessonstudent__58__.Learning__59__TheyearsspentinaNewTechschoolallowstudentstogaintheacademicanddeeperlearningskillsnecessaryforsuccessinanypost-secondaryoption.NewTechstudentslearndisciplinaryknowledgeandskillstoconductinquiryandsolvereal-worldproblems.Throughoutaproject,theycooperatewithpeers,facilitators,andexpertsinthefield.Students__60__theirlearningthrougheffectiveoralandwrittencommunicationforauthenticaudiences.Ownershipoftheirlearningexperienceandengagementinrelevantandchallengingtaskshelpsstudentsdevelopasenseofagency,askillessentialtosuccessin__61__,career,andcivicduty.Project-BasedLearningProject-basedlearningisattheheartofNewTechNetwork’sinstructionalapproach.Studentscooperateonprojects,rangingin__62__fromtwotoeightweeks,whichrequirecriticalthinkingandcommunication.Projectsoftenoccurinintegratedsubjectareacourses,whereEntryEvents,theNeed-to-Know（NTK）process,andskillbuildingworkshopssupportstudent-centredlearning.Duringprojects,studentsoftenengagewithsubjectmatterexpertswhoprovidefeedbackonreal-worldproducts.Throughproject-basedlearning,studentsnotonlymaster__63__content,butalsosuccessfullyapplycontentwhensolvingauthenticproblems.__64__-BasedInternshipsNewTechstudentsalsoengageinexperiencesdesignedtopreparethemforsuccessinthecontemporaryworkplace.Bycooperatingwithothersonprojects,studentsacquirealevelofresponsibilitysimilartoa__65__workenvironment.Studentsengagewithfieldexpertsandcommunitystakeholders（利益相关者）duringprojects,andfinalproductsarepresentedtoauthenticaudiences.Additionally,two-thirdsofNewTechhighschoolsoffersuchpracticalactivities,withnearlyhalfofallseniorshighschoolsoffersuchpracticalactivities,withnearlyhalfofallseniorsparticipating.51. A.successB.rescueC.survival D.reform52.A.owingtoaccompaniedbyB.gettingridofC.dependingon D.53.A.intermediateinformativeB.intelligentC.instructionalD.54.A.innovationB.requirementC.managementD.negotiation55.A.relatedtowithB.preparedforC.classifiedbyD.compared56.A.AccidentallyB.AccordinglyC.Absolutely D.Historically57.A.evaluateB.observeC.connect D.create58.A.teachingB.learningC.engaging D.developing59.A.ProblemsB.OutcomesC.Strategies D.Discipline60.A.demonstrateB.promoteC.highlight D.motivate61.A.elementaryschoolsC.highschoolsB.middleschoolsD.college62.A.lengthB.coursesC.topics D.targets63.A.advancedB.academicC.complex D.adequate64.A.NetworkB.WorkshopC.CommunityD.College65.A.permanentB.professionalC.popular D.familiarSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethepassageyouhavetheonethatfitsbestjustread.(A)accordingtotheinformationgiveninRosalindFranklinalwayslikedfacts.Shewaslogicalandprecise,andimpatientwiththingsthatwereotherwise.Shedecidedtobecomeascientistwhenshewas15.ShepassedtheexaminationforadmissiontoCambridgeUniversityin1938,anditsparkedafamilycrisis.Althoughherfamilywaswell-to-doandhadatraditionofpublicandcharity,herfatherdisapprovedofuniversityeducationforwomen.Herefusedtopay.AnauntsteppedinandsaidFranklinshouldgotoschool,andshewouldpayforit.Franklin’smotheralsotookhersideuntilherfatherfinallygavein.(B)(B)ShewasinvitedtoKing'sCollegeinLondontojoinateamofscientists.TheleaderoftheteamassignedhertoworkonDNAwithagraduatestudent.Franklin?sassumptionwasthatitwasherownproject.Thelaboratory?ssecond-in-command,MauriceWilkins,wasonvacationatthetime,andwhenhereturned,theirrelationshipwaspuzzling.Heassumedshewastoassisthiswork；sheassumedshe’dbetheonlyoneworkingonDNA.Theyhadpowerfulpersonalitydifferencesaswell:Franklindirect,quick,decisive,andWilkinsshy,hesitant,andpassive.In1953,WilkinschangedthecourseofDNAhistorybydisclosing,withoutFranklin’spermission,herPhoto51tocompetingscientistJamesWatson,whowasworkingonhisownDNAmodelwithFrancisCrickatCambridge.Uponseeingthephotograph,Watsonsaid,“Myjawfellopenandmypulsebegantorace,”accordingtoauthorBrendaMaddoxwhowrotethebookRosalindFranklin:TheDarkLadyofDNA.ThetwoscientistsdidinfactusewhattheysawinPhoto51asthebasisfortheirfamousmodelofDNA,whichtheypublishedonMarch7,1953,andforwhichtheyreceivedaNobelPrizein1962.CrickandWatsonwerealsoabletotakemostofthecreditforthefinding:theyincludedafootnoteacknowledgingthattheywere“stimulatedbyageneralknowledge”ofFranklin’sandWilkin’sunpublishedcontribution,whenmuchoftheirworkwasrootedinFranklin’sphotoandfindings.Franklindidn’tknowthatthesemenbasedtheirarticleonherresearch,andshedidn’tcomplaineither,likelyasaresultofherupbringing.Franklin“didn’tdoanythingthatwouldinvitecriticism…(thatwas)bredintoher,”Maddoxsaid.Wilkins’relationshipwithFranklinwascharacterizedby .A.unityandharmony B.confusionandcompetitionC.cooperationandmiscommunication D.misunderstandingandconflictWhatdoesWatsonmeanbysaying“Myjawfellopenandmypulsebegantorace”?HewasconfusedthatCrickhadnotmadethisdiscovery.HewassurprisedthatWilkinshaddiscoveredthisinformation.HewassatisfiedwiththeimportanceofPhoto51.HewasanxiousabouttheprogressWilkinsandFranklinhadmade.WhatisBrendaMaddox’smainintentionaccordingtothequoteinthelastparagraph?Tore-evaluatetheimportanceoftheDNAmodel.TocriticizeKing’sCollegeandCambridge.ToemphasizeFranklin’simportanceinscience.TodenyWatson’sandCrick’scontributiontoscience.Franklin’scareerasascientistdemonstrates .thatherworkwaspointingatthemostdifficultproblemthatshewastheonlyfemalescientistduringtheperiodtheimportanceofDNAinmodernsciencethatperseveranceleadstosuccessandrecognitionoffieldscientistsCultualBreaksbyBrianAldissCultualBreaksbyBrianAldissReviewsReviewedbyPaulKincaidBrianAldissisanamazingandfrustratingwriter.Whenheisonsong,hisstyleisforceful,disturbinganddelectable.Butheisarestlesswriter.HecameintohisownintheenthusiasticandexperimentalatmosphereoftheNewWave,andhehasbeendriventotrythenewandthedifferenteversince.Thatheisstillexperimentingnow,50yearsafterhisfirstappearance,isameasureofamanwhohasneverbeenpreparedtosettlebackonhislaurels.TheSecretsofJin-SheibyAlmaAlexanderReviewedbyDonnaMcMahonWithsomanyfantasynovelsusingEuropean-derivedsettingsandmythology,ancientChinamakesarefreshingchange.Thelandscapeistemptingandyetfamiliarenoughtofeelveryreal,andtheauthorusesmagicsparingly,inwaysappropriatetohersociety.Thisandthecomplexdetailputintothebackdropmakesthenovelfeelverymuchlikehistoricalfiction.StrakenbyTerryBrooksReviewsbyNathanBrazilThethirdnovelintheHighDruidofShannaraseriesjumpsstraightbackintothestorywhereitleftoff.ItcontinuesthequestofunlikelyheroPenderrinOhmsford.Nowequippedwiththemeanstobreakin-andbackout-oftheForbidding,wherehisaunt,theoverthrownArdPhysofDruids,isstranded,PenmustfirstgetbacktoParanor.HisrescueattemptcanonlybeginfromwithinthechamberwhereGrianneOhmsforddisappeared.Unfortunately,thiswilldeliverhimstraightintothehandsofthoseresponsibleforhisaunt'sdisappearance.TherevieweradmiresBrianAldiss’abilityto .writesomanynovelscontinuetobeinventiveinhiswritingwritedisturbingplotshaveawritingcareerspanningoverfourdecades71.WhydoesthesettingofJin-Sheiappealtothereviewer?A.Itisagoodscienceoffictionsetting. B.Itismysterious.Itisalesscommonchoiceofsetting.D.Itisverymagical.72.TerryBrook’snovelcontinuesaserieson .A.theadventuresofanunsuspectingheroandhisattemptstorescuehisauntB.aquestabouttheHighDruidofShannarainasecretchamberinParanorC.thedisappearanceofadruidwhichfoilstheplansoftheenemiesliberatingastrandedauntwhoiskeytotheknowledgeoftheForbidding（C）Aisling’smotherdiedatmidsummer.Shehadfallensicksosuddenlythatsomeofthevillagerswonderedifthefairieshadcomeandtakenher,forshewasstillyoungandbeautiful.Shewasburiedthreedayslaterbeneaththehawthorntree（W楂树）behindthehouse,justastwilightwasdarkeningthesky.MaireSolanya,thevillagegreenwitch,camethateveningtoperformtheoldritualsoverthegrave.Shestoodatthefootofthemoundofblacksoil.Aislingandherfatherstoodattheheadofit,restingonthesimpleheadstone,wastheburningcandle.Aisling’sfatherhadlititshortlyafterElinordied,anditwouldburnallnight.Thegravestonewasaplainpieceofslatecarvedwithhername:Elinor.Grassandtreerootswouldgrowuparounditastheyearspassed,untilitwouldseemasifithadalwaysbeenthere.MaireSolanyasaidinherlow,clearvoice,“Lifetolife,frombreathtobreath,werememberElinor.”Sheheldaroundloafofbreadinherhands.Shetoreoffasmallpieceandateit,chewingdeliberately,beforehandingtheloaftoAisling’sfather.Hepulledoffhisownpiece,thenpassedittohisdaughter.Itwasstillwarm,anditsmelledlikehermother’skitchenafterbaking.Butithadn’tcomefromhermother’shands,andthatrealizationmadealumpriseinherthroat.Thebreadwastasteless.MaireSolanyatooktheloaffromher,itscrust（面包皮）gapingopen,andplaceditonthegravestonenexttothecandle.Aislingcouldn’tshakethefeelingthathermotherhadmerelygoneoutonanerrandandwouldcomehomeatanymomentandwonderwhatthethreeofthemweredoing.Itdidn’tseempossiblethatshewasburiedthere,atthefootofthehawthorntree,intheground.Itwaseasiertobelievethevillagerumorsthantositwiththeacheinsideherself.Sherememberedthoserumorsnow,whileshestoodwithherfatherandMaireSolanyainatensesilence.EveryonehadalwayssaidthatElinorhadsomemagicinher,andeveryoneknewthatfairies-iftheyexisted-weredrawntothat.SoAisling'sfatherhadorderedalltheoldrituals,eventhoughhedidnotbelieveinthem,justincase.Shewasnotentirelysurewhatsheherselfbelieved,butsheknewthathermotherwouldwantthemtodotheseritualsforher,andthatwasenough.Whenthesunslippedbelowthehorizon,thegreenwitchsaid,“Sleepinpeace,Elinor,”andscatteredagoldpowderoverthegravetobindElinortotheearth.Onthefreshlyturnedsoil,thegoldglitteredlikefairlydust.Aislingandherfamilyaremostlikely .A.fairliesindisquise B.simplevillagefolkC.wealthyfarmers D.experiencedbakersMaireSolanyaperformedtheritualsinorderto