高考英语一轮复习状语从句课件

状语从句Definition状语是用来修饰词，词，词或____________，以说明动作或状态特征的一种句子成分。动形容副整个句子当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，那就是状语从句。Classification（分类）1.WhileIwaswalkingalongthestreet,Ifoundmanybeautifulbuildings.2.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.3.Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.4.I’llspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.5.Heissuchagoodteacherthatthestudentsloveandrespecthim.6.Aslongasyoudon’tloseheart,you’llsucceed.7.Childassheis,sheknowsalotofthings.8.Theoldladytreatstheboyasifhewerehisownson.9.HeistallerthanIam.时间地点原因目的结果条件让步方式比较状语从句1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句3.原因状语从句4.条件状语从句5.让步状语从句6.目的状语从句7.结果状语从句8.方式状语从句9.比较状语从句时间状语从句

when,while,as用法例句相同三者均可表示“当...时候”，如果主句谓语表示的是短暂性动作，而从句谓语表示的是延续性动作，则三者可以互换ImetLaurawhen/while/asIwaswalkingalongthestreet.不同when①时间段/时间点

②突然发生的事情③自然而然的事情1)Whenhereachedhome,hehadarest2)IhadjuststeppedoutofthebathroomandwasbusilydryingmyselfwithatowelwhenIheardthesteps.while①

从句谓语用延续性动词②表示两个延续性动作同时发生且具有对比意味，常与进行时连用(主从ing,尽量用while)IwaswatchingTVwhilemymumwascookingdinner.as①

强调主、从句动作同时发生②

表示“随着”之意

Asthetimewenton,theweathergotworse.Hesangashewentalong.时间点时间段／while／as的用法:while/when/aswhile/when/asWhenWhileAs（随着）（一段时间，延续）（指时间点，非延续，不能用while）（一段时间，延续）（同时发生，对比）①Hewasaboutto

leavewhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.______________________________________________②Marywasspeaking

whenTonybrokeinimpolitely!______________________________________________③We

hadjustfinished

thePartyontheschoolplaygroundwhenitbegantorainheavily.______________________________________________beabouttodo…

beonthepointofdoing...when…

bedoing…

had(just)done...他刚要走忽然有人敲门Mary在发言时Tony突然插话！时间状语从句

since,before,after在某一段时间之前→Before某个时间点beforeShegavemeahehebeforesheputmeintoherblacklist.主句在从句之前发生在某一段时间之后→after某个时间点afterHewenttoBeijingafterheleftChengdu.主句在从句之后发生。自从...以来→since某个时间点sinceYouhavemadegreatprogresssinceIlastmetyou.since+从句，主句一般现在时现在完成时用法例句since自从....时候起动作发生在过去，并且持续到现在。so:since+过去时态（从句），一般现在时/现在完成时（主句）YouhavemadegreatprogresssinceIlastmetyou.before在....之前在一个具体的事情之前如：小学毕业之前（过去）大学毕业之前（将来）Shegavemeahehebeforesheputmeintoherblacklist.after在....之后在一个具体的事情之后如：小学毕业之后（过去）大学毕业之后（将来）HewenttoBeijingafterheleftChengdu.注：agovsbefore.ago以现在为参照点before以具体的某一件事为参照点①Wemustleaveourdormitorybeforethedormitoryteachersclosethegateat7:15

在寝室老师在7点15分关门前，我们必须离开寝室。②Tonybrokeinbefore

Marycouldfinishherwords.

Mary还来不及说完Tony就插嘴了。③StudyEnglishhardbeforeitistoolate!

趁还不是太晚，努力学习英语吧。④Cathhasn’tphonedsinceshewenttoBerlin.

Cath自从去了柏林还没有打来过电话。时间状语从句

till,until,not...until用法例句till/until直到用在肯定句中Iwillworkuntil/tillhetellsmetostop（主句谓语为延续性）not...until直到...才用在否定句中Iwon’tleaveuntilitis12o’clock.（主句谓语为短暂性）时间状语从句

nosooner...than

hardly...when/before

assoonas,themoment.....Point4:表示“一…就…”的时间状语从句引导词

Assoonas…

Immediately/instantly/directly…

Themoment/minute/second/instant…

Hardly/scarcely…when/before…nosooner…than…nosooner...than.../hardly...when/before...assoonas/themoment/second/instant....表示过去，有先后（主句过去的过去haddone，从句是过去did）表示过去或将来，几乎同时(时态一致）Hehad

hardly

gottothestationwhen/beforethetrainleft.Hewillgiveyouacallassoonashearrives.Irecognizedherimmediately/instantlyIsawher.Point3:引导时间状语从句的名词词组和个别介词短语常常有：themoment/second/minute/instant…eachtime,

everytime,

(the)nexttime,thefirst/second/…/lasttime,bythetime...Practice:1.Youwillgrowwiser_________yougrowolder.2.Iwasabouttogotobed______________thetelephonerang.3.Ihaveheardalotofgoodthingsaboutyou_____________Icamebackfromabroad.4.It’smucheasiertomakefriends__________________youhavesimilarinterests.5.Hemetmanyproblems________________hewasgoingoverhislessons.as

when

since

whenwhilePractice:6.Johnthinksitwon’tbelong_______________heisreadyforhisnewjob.7Asisreported,itis100years_____________QinghuaUniversitywasfounded.8.Timepassedquicklyandthewinterholidayshadgoneby___________weknewit.9._________________wemet,wewereataparty.第一次见面时，我们在参加一个聚会。beforesincebeforeThefirsttimePractice:10.IfoundmyselfinanentirelynewworldassoonasIarrivedinBeijing.①→Ifoundmyselfinanentirelynewworld__________________________IarrivedinBeijing.②→Ifoundmyselfinanentirelynewworld________________________IarrivedinBeijing.③→__________hadIarrivedinBeijing________Ifoundmyselfinanentirelynewworld.④→_____________hadIarrivedinBeijing_______Ifoundmyselfinanentirelynewworld.immediately/instantly/directlythemoment/instant/minuteNosoonerthanHardly/Scarcelywhen地点状语从句

where,wherever1、where/whereverwhere指“在某个地方”，wherever指“在任何一个地方”；可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后。Forexample:①有志者事竟成/我将去你去的任何地方。

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Iwillgowhereveryougo.Practice:1,Youshouldputthebookwhereitwas.

你应该把书放在原来的地方。

2,无论你去哪里都要行为规范。Whereveryougo,youmustbehaveyourself.

2、where引导地点状语从句与定语从句的区别where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词；而where引导地点状语从句时从句本身就是主句动作发生的场所。Forexample:

一般而言，有工厂的地方空气都会被严重污染。

Generally,airwillbeheavilypollutedintheplaceswheretherearefactories.Generally,airwillbeheavilypollutedwheretherearefactories.

定语从句：主句…表地点的名词+where…place状语从句：主句…+where…

placeAfterthewar，anewschoolbuildingwasputup_____therehadoncebeenatheatre.A.that B.where C.which D.when答案：B条件状语从句

if,unless条件状语从句

if,unless,once,incase,as/solongas,onconditionthat条件是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中的动作），其他事情才能发生。1.unlessconj.除非；若不；如果不=if…not…如果你不早点动身，你就不能准时赶到那儿。Youwillfailtoarrivethereontimeunlessyoustartearlier.Youwillfailtoarrivethereontimeifyoudonotstartearlier.2.oncondition(that)…在……条件下；如果（引导的条件状语从句是主句事件发生的前提条件或唯一条件）我可以告诉你真相,条件是你答应保守秘密。Icantellyouthetruthonconditionthatyoupromisetokeepasecret.3.aslongas只要（引导的条件状语从句是主句事件发生的前提条件或唯一条件）只要不出花园，你可以出去玩儿。。Youcangoouttoplayaslongasyoustayinthegarden.4.incase万一；假使（引导的条件状语从句常表示一种假设条件）万一下雨了，我们该待在哪儿呢？Incaseitrains,whereshouldwestay?5.once一旦...你一旦了解了她就会喜欢她。You’lllikeheronceyougettoknowher.一般遵循“主将从现”、“主情从现”、“主祈从现”等原则。1.

Ifyou____acake,yourhost______verypleased.(take,be)2.

Unlesstheweather___better,I_______athome.(get,stay)3.

He_______homeearlyifhe__________well.(go,notfeel)4.

What____I__ifthey___aboutpolitics?(do,talk)5.

Ifyou____yourhand,thetaxi_______.(raise,stop)6.I__________anythingunlesshe____me.(notsay,ask)Tense时态takewillbegetswillstaywillgodoesn’tfeelshalldotalksraisewillstopwon’tsayasks条件状语从句的省略当条件状语从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句谓语动词是be动词时，从句中的主语和be动词可以省略；当条件状语从句中包含itis时，itis也可以省略。Unlessthemachineisrepaired,themachineisuseless.Unlessrepaired,themachineisuseless.Iwanttocomebackby5:00pmifpossible.还有诸如:ifnecessary(如果有必要),ifany(如果有),ifinneed如果需要)。Practice1.Itisknowntoallthat______youexerciseregularly,youwon’tkeepgoodhealth.A.unlessB.wheneverC.althoughD.if2.Thelittleboywon’tgotosleep____

hismothertellshimastory.A.orB.unlessC.butD.whetherExercises:CDExercises:5.JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada,____thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.

A.asB.ifC.whenD.whereA让步状语从句

though,although,evenif/though,as,while,nomatter-wh,Wh-everConjunction(连词):1."疑问词十ever"相当于"nomatter＋疑问词"引导的让步状语从句。你无论借哪本书,都必须一周内归还。Whichever/Nomatterwhichbookyouborrow,youmustreturnitinaweek.注意:“nomatter+疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句；而“疑问词-ever”还可以引导名词性从句Conjunction(连词):2.though,although这两个连词用法基本一样,只是前者口语化,后者较正式,当位于句首,都不与but连用,但可以和yet,still连用。尽管这台电视非常贵,我仍然要买。AlthoughtheTVsetisverydear,Istillbuyit.3.evenif,eventhough这两个复合连词意义相同,常用以强调让步概念,含有退一步想的意思.即使天气很糟糕,我们也要去旅行。We'llmakeatripevenif/thoughtheweatherisbad.Conjunction(连词):4.as引导的让步状语从句一般置于主句之前，须用部分倒装，此时将从句中作表语的名词、形容词，作状语的副词或谓语部分的动词原形置于句首；若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。形容词副词+as+主语+谓语名词(不带冠词)

动词（原形）Conjunction(从属连词):1.Althoughheisachild,heknowswhatistherightthingtodo.Childasheis,heknowswhatistherightthingtodo.2.Althoughheworkshard,hemakeslittleprogress.Hardasheworks,hemakeslittleprogress.3.Althoughheisyoung,hecanreadandwriteinseveralforeignlanguages.Youngasheis,hecanreadandwriteinseveralforeignlanguages.4.Althoughyoumayobject,Iwillgothere.Objectasyoumay,Iwillgothere.注意:在这种倒装结构中,也可以用though,但不用although。

as的不同含义1.Shesangas

sheworked.2.Smartas

heis,hedoesn’tstudyhard.3.YoumusttrytodoasIdid.4.Shedoesn’tdoherworkascarefullyasI.5.

Asshewaslateforclass,shehadtosaysorry.一边…尽管按照跟…一样因为Conjunction(连词):5.whether…or…表示“不管……还是……“不管你信不信,这都是真的。Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.6.while也可以引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”尽管没有太多钱，他们也过得很幸福。Whiletherewasnotalotofmoney,theyliveahappylife.While的不同含义1.WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.2.While

Iadmitthattheproblemsaredifficult,Idon’tagreethattheycan’tbesolved.3.Whilethereislife,thereishope.4.Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.whenthoughaslongas表对比，然而Practice1._______Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.A.WhileB.sinceC.BeforeD.Unless2.Theworkersaregoingthroughwiththeirrailwayproject,_____theexpenseshaverisen.A.aslongasB.eventhoughC.nowthatD.asthoughTense时态让步状语从句中,常用一般现在时。___hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.

A.SinceB.UnlessC.AsD.Although2.Howcanyouexpecttolearnanything____youneverlisten?

A.while B.evenif C.unless D.whenDDExercises:3.Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice,____theyknewittobevaluable.

A.asifB.nowthatC.eventhoughD.sothat4.________Ireallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.

A.As

B.SinceC.If

D.WhileCD5.Leaveyourkeywithaneighbor,________youlockyourselfoutoneday.

A.eversinceB.evenifC.soonafterD.incase6.________,hisideawasacceptedbyallthepeopleatthemeeting.

A.Strangeasmightitsound

B.AsitmightsoundstrangeC.Asstrangeitmightsound

D.StrangeasitmightsoundDDPractice1.Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,___difficultitwas.（天津）A.

howeverB.nomatterC.whatever