2022届初中英语二轮复习重难点题型讲解训练专题12阅读理解之综合拓展含解析

PAGE专题12阅读理解之综合拓展Part1考情分析中考英语“阅读理解”题主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力。很多同学在做题时常常有一种“读得懂做不对”的感觉。那么有必要对阅读理解这种题型及其解题技巧作一些简要的分析。首先，中考试题中的阅读文章题材多样(涉及政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史、地理、科学技术等各个方面)，体裁形式丰富(包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文以及新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格等)，这就需要考生在平时对各方面的文章都有所训练，迎合中考命题趋势。其次，阅读理解主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力，对书面语言的理解能力，尤其是获取信息的能力。在阅读技巧上，考生要了解文章的个别词或句子、文章的某细节或情节、文章的主题、文章的背景知识、文章的结论或结局、文章内涵的寓意等。Part2解题思路1.先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。2.快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。3.细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：1）抓住四个"W"和一个"H"，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What(事件)，When（时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），How（经过）划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。2）抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。3）注意领会文章的寓意。4）根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。3）重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。Part2常见题型1.主旨大意题阅读理解是对整个文章的目的、意图、观点、立场、态度以及内在的逻辑关系的理解，而不是断章取义的一孔之见，所以统览全篇和问题是很有必要的，这些问题会给你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要细节。在统览全篇的同时要注意抓住文章的中心大意，捕捉主题句，因为一些显性的答案是可以从主题句中直接回答，而隐性的答案则是要通过对全篇的理解才能得出。主题句一般具有以下特征：①概括全段思想。②一般位于段首、段尾或位于段中，它通常是用单词、短语表达的。③解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等推理、判断，从而获取文章中内隐的信息。主旨题常见的命题形式：①Themainideaofthistextmaybe…….②Thispassageismainlyabout…….③Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthistext…….④Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?⑤What’sthetopicofthetext?⑥Thepassagegivesusis…...2.推断题这种题目有一定难度，往往不能直接从文中找到答案，而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后，才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的态度、观点、意图、语气等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理，这些题目一般都是深层意义的题目，他们没有明示，大多数属于模糊性的，甚至是模棱两可。解答这类题时，要求同学予以高度重视注意从话题出发，充分运用自己的逻辑思维能力，从文章的内在含义和字里行间中，从作者的态度和取向中获取信息，做出正确的判断。应特别注意以下特征：①吃透文章的表层意思，是推理的前提和基础;②推理的根据来自于上下文;③不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点;④在提问中常用的词有suggest,mean,infer(推断),fromthefact,indicate(暗示)conclusion，probably，likely，reason，because，accordingto"等。推断题常有的命题形式：①Itcanbeknownfromthetextthat….②Fromthetextweknowthat….③Thestoryimpliesthat….④Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablybe….⑤Thewritersuggeststhat….3.事实细节题在阅读理解题中，又有相当一部分属于事实或细节题，下面仅就这类题的正确解法作简要说明。首先是直接理解性题目，这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案;另外还有一些题目要求对文中个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或需要对有关的上下文提供的语境和信息、甚至对整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解和判断。4.猜测词义题这类问题主要考察学生两方面能力。根据上下文推测和判断生词、短语或句子在阅读材料中的含义，即利用我们所熟悉的词或短语和上下文中的已知部分进行逻辑上的推理，有时还需依靠常识和经验。猜词的活动是阅读中经常遇到的，阅读理解题目中的作为干扰项出现的错误选项，一般多是学生比较熟悉、想当然的词典意义，或者适应学生习惯的汉语思维方式;而正确的含义往往不只是词典上的，而是要通过上下文内容的提示才能确定的。解这类题时应注意以下特点：①注意一些过渡词语，如thatis,thisis,inotherwords等，它们直接引出了同义解释；②注意连接词及被猜测的词前后的因果，让步，递进，转折，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。③注意同义词、近义词、反义词、同位语、定语从句，相似或相反的结构等。④对于句中首字母或全部是大写的单词,应该猜出可能是专有名词(人名、地名、组织等)，因此拼读有时是最合适的方法。【例题】Englishhasbecomeagloballanguage．Sowhichcountry，notincludingEnglish-speakingcountries，speaksEnglishbetter？AndwheredoesChinarank（排名）？ASwedishlanguageeducationcompanypublishedtheirreportthismonth．TheNetherlands（荷兰）rankedfirst，followedbyDenmarkandSweden．ThesearebasedonEnglishlisteningandreadingtestresultsof950，000peoplefrom72countriesandareas．Accordingtothereport，Chinaisranking39th．Outofthewholecountry，peopleinShanghaiarethebestEnglishspeakers．TheyspeakbetterEnglishthanItaliansandFrench．HongKongandBeijingfollowShanghaiasChina'snextbestEnglish-speakingcities．ShanghaiandBeijingrankhighbecausetheyareinternationalcities．However，acrossChina，Englishabilityisdifferentfromeasttowest．NowChinahas400millionEnglishlearners．However，theteachingofEnglishinsomeareasisnotverygood．AccordingtoPeopleDailyOnline，therearesevenprimaryschoolsinatowninHunanprovince，butonlyoneEnglishteacher．ManystudentsstilllearnEnglishbyrote．SebastianMagnusson，anofficerattheSwedishEmbassy（大使馆）inBeijing，gavesomeadvice．SwedishpeoplespeakEnglishwellandMagnussonhimselfisalsogoodatChinese．HesaidTVprograms，moviesandevencomputergamescouldbelearningtools．"Donotlimitittotextbooks．Whatmattersmostistousewhatyou'velearnt，"Magnussonalsosaid．（1）WhatcountryrankedfirstofEnglishabilityinthepassage？A．Sweden．B．Denmark．C．TheUnitedStatesD．TheNetherlands．（2）WhichcityhasthebestEnglishspeakersinChina？A．Beijing．B．Shanghai．C．HongKong．D．Chengdu．（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"byrote"mean？A．死记硬背B．融会贯通C．熟能生巧D．望文生义（4）Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingistrue？A．ChinesepeoplehavehighlevelsofEnglish．B．MemorizationisagoodwaytolearnEnglish．C．SomeChineseschoolsareshortofEnglishteachers．D．HalfoftheChinesepopulationislearningEnglishnow．（5）WhatcanwetellfromMagnusson'swords？A．Englishisdifficultforyoungerstudentstolearn．B．LearningEnglishfromtextbooksisnotagoodmethod．C．Learnersshouldputwhattheyhavelearnedtopractice．D．Learnersshouldgethelpfromtheirteachersandparents．【点金】文章介绍了英语在世界各地的分布，并介绍了中国各个城市学英语的情况。1．D细节理解题，根据TheNetherlands（荷兰）rankedfirst，可知荷兰排名第一，故选D．2．B细节理解题，根据peopleinShanghaiarethebestEnglishspeakers，可知在中国，上海人说英语最好，故选B．3．A词义猜测题，根据ManystudentsstilllearnEnglish…许多学生仍然通过…来学习英语．结合语境缺少英语老师，所以学生没有更好的学习方法，推出划线单词的意思是"死记硬背"，故选A．4．C细节理解题，根据AccordingtoPeopleDailyOnline，therearesevenprimaryschoolsinatowninHunanprovince，butonlyoneEnglishteacher．人民日报网报道，在湖南省的一个小镇上，有7所小学，但只有一名英语教师．可知缺少英语老师，故选C．5．C细节理解题，根据"Donotlimitittotextbooks．Whatmattersmostistousewhatyou'velearnt，""不要把它限制在教科书上．最重要的是使用你所学到的东西．"，所以学习者应该把他们所学到的知识付诸实践，故选C．精讲精练【例题1】Howfunnywoulditbetoseememes（表情包）intextbooks？SomestudentsfromChengduNo．7HighSchoolhavemadeitcometrue．Thestudentswroteasetofcreativetextbooksthatincludesfivesubjects﹣Chinese，English，maths，chemistryandphysics．TheysharetheirnotestohelpstudentsprepareforHighSchoolEntranceExamsinthisway．Funnymemescanbeseenalmosteverywhereintheirtextbooks．Eachtextbookhasitsownstyle，too．TheEnglishtextbookintroducesfilmsandTVseries．Thechemistrytextbookhaswuxiacharacters．ThereisaboynamedShangguanHuaxueinthebook．Hemeetsagirlandtheylearnchemistrytogether．Italsohaswuxia﹣stylenotes．YanZuhuai，atopstudentatChengduNo．7HighSchool，isthetextbooks'editor﹣in﹣chief（主编）．HegottheideatocreatethebooksinJune，2017．"Manystudentswantedmetosharemynoteswiththem．WhenIsawpeoplesharingbikes，IthoughtIcouldshareknowledge，too．"Yansaid．Butafterputtingallofhisnotestogether,hefoundthemboring．Realizingthathisclassmatesenjoyedonlinenovelsandmemes，hedecidedtoaddthosethingstohisnotes．Hewroteguidelinesforeachtextbookandinvited13studentstojoinhimincreatingthem．Thefinalversions（版本）ofthetextbookscameoutattheendofDecember．Manypublishinghouseshaveshownaninterestinthem．（1）ThissetoftextbooksincludesthefollowingsubjectsEXCEPT________．A．chemistryB．geographyC．physicsD．maths（2）Whatcanwelearnfromthefourthandfifthparagraphs？A．LotsofstudentswantedYantoshareknowledgewiththem．B．Yanisoneoftheworststudentsinhisschool．C．Yaninvitedsomestudentstowriteguidelines．D．Thetextbookswithonlinenovelsandmemesareveryboring．（3）Whatdoesthispassagemainlytellus？A．Yanandhisteamareinterestedinmemes．B．Itisdifficultforstudentstocreatetextbooks．C．Yan'stextbookscanhelpstudentsstudycreatively．D．Yanisapopulareditor﹣in﹣chiefinhisschool．【答案】BAC【解析】1．B．细节理解题．根据第二行includesfivesubjects﹣Chinese，English，maths，chemistryandphysics．包括五门科目：语文、英语、数学、化学和物理．可知，没有"地理"．选B．2．A．段意猜测题．根据第四段"Manystudentswantedmetosharemynoteswiththem．WhenIsawpeoplesharingbikes，IthoughtIcouldshareknowledge，too．"Yansaid．许多学生希望我和他们分享我的笔记．当我看到人们共享自行车时，我想我也可以分享知识．"严说．可知，许多学生希望严与他们分享知识．选A．3．C．主旨大意题．根据第二段第一句Thestudentswroteasetofcreativetextbooks学生们写了一套富有创造性的教科书．第五段Butafterputtingallofhisnotestogether，hefoundthemboring．Realizingthathisclassmatesenjoyedonlinenovelsandmemes，hedecidedtoaddthosethingstohisnotes但是他把所有的笔记放在一起后，他发现它们很无聊．意识到他的同学们喜欢在线小说和表情包，他决定把这些东西添加到他的学习笔记中．可知，严的教科书可以帮助学生创造性地学习．选C．【练习1】BeijingOperaisthemostrepresentativeofallChinesetraditionaldramaticartformsandthelargestChineseoperaform．Havingahistoryofabout200years，itisdevelopedfromabsorbing（吸收）manyotherdramaticforms，mostlyfromthelocaldrama'Huiban'，whichwaspopularinSouthChinaduringthe18thcentury．Itisascenic（戏剧的）artintegratingmusic，performance，literature，aria，andfacepainting．Theatricalartformsinmanyothercountriesdonotpresentsinging，dancingandspokenpartsinonesingledrama．Anoperasinger，forexample，neitherdancesnorspeaksonstage；therearenosingingordancingpartsinamodernplay；inadancedrama，thedancerhasnospeakingroleanddoesnotsingeither．TraditionalChinesedrama，includingBeijingOpera，isakindofentertainmentwhichincludesspokenparts，singing，dancingandacrobatics．InadditiontoitspresenceinChina，BeijingOperahasspreadtomanyotherplaces．MerLanfang，oneofthemostfamousperformers（表演者）ofalltime，wasthefirsttointroduceBeijingOperatoforeignersandmadehighlysuccessfultourstoforeigncountries．"Youwillbepuzzled（困惑）allthewaythroughandalittleboredfromtimetotime；butyouwillbecharmedandinterested．YouwillbestronglyattractedtoBeijingOperaevenifyouknownothingofthedramaticbackground．"ThisishowoneAmericantravellerdescribedhisfirsexperienceinwatchingBeijingOpera．BeijingOperaisChinasnationaloperaanditisfullofChineseculturaltraditions．WelcometoChinaandenjoyBeijingOpera!（1）WhatmakesBeijingOperadifferentfromtheatricalartformsinmanyothercountries？A．Ithasoneoperasingeronstage．B．Ithasonedancerwhohasnospeakingrole．C．Ithasalreadyspreadtomanyothercountries．D．Itincludesspokenparts，singingdancingandacrobatics．（2）PeoplethinkMeiLanfangplayedanimportantroleinthespreadofBeijingOperabecause___________．A．hemademanytoursoaforeigncountryB．hewasafamousBeijingOperaperformerC．hewasthefirsttointroduceBeijingOperatoforeignersD．hemadeBeijingOperadifferentfromothertheatricalartforms．（3）FromParagraph4weknowthattheAmericantraveler_____________.A．feltboredallthewayB．thoughthighlyofBeijingOperaC．foundBeijingOperainterestingatfirstD．knewthebackgroundofBeijingOpera（4）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"meaninthepassage？A．BeijingOperaB．LocaldramaC．AnoperasingerD．Amodernplay【答案】DCBA【解析】1．D细节理解题，根据文中的第2段Theatricalartformsinmanyothercountriesdonotpresentsinging，dancingandspokenpartsinonesingledrama．Anoperasinger，forexample，neitherdancesnorspeaksonstage；therearenosingingordancingpartsinamodernplay；inadancedrama，thedancerhasnospeakingroleanddoesnotsingeither．TraditionalChinesedrama，includingBeijingOpera，isakindofentertainmentwhichincludesspokenparts，singing，dancingandacrobatics．许多国家的戏剧艺术形式在一个单一的戏剧表演，不存在歌唱、舞蹈和对话部分．例如，歌剧演员既不在舞台上跳舞也不说话；在现代戏剧中没有唱歌或跳舞的部分；在舞剧中，舞者没有说话的机会．中国传统戏剧，包括北京戏曲，是一种包括口语、歌唱、舞蹈和杂技的娱乐．可知京剧与其它的不同之处是有口语、歌唱、舞蹈和杂技的，故答案D．2．C细节理解题，根据文中的第3段MerLanfang，oneofthemostfamousperformersofalltime，wasthefirsttointroduceBeijingOperatoforeignersandmadehighlysuccessfultourstoforeigncountries．可知MerLanfang是北京历史上最著名的演员之一，也是第一位向外国人介绍中国京剧及在国外演出非常成功的人，故答案C．3．B细节理解题，根据文中的第4段"Youwillbepuzzledallthewaythroughandalittleboredfromtimetotime；butyouwillbecharmedandinterested．YouwillbestronglyattractedtoBeijingOperaevenifyouknownothingofthedramaticbackground．"ThisishowoneAmericantravellerdescribedhisfirsexperienceinwatchingBeijingOpera．"一路上你会感到困惑，有时会感到厌烦，但你会被吸引．即使你对戏剧背景一无所知，你也会被京剧深深吸引．"这是一位美国旅行者如何描述他第一次观看京剧的经历．可知给予了京剧高度的评价，故答案B．4．A细节理解题，根据文中的BeijingOperaisChinasnationaloperaanditisfullofChineseculturaltraditions京剧是中国民族的歌剧，它充满了中国文化传统可知it指的是京剧，故答案A．【例题2】DearLiHua，How'severythinggoing？Congratulationsonyourgraduationfromjuniorhighschool!Ihopeyouhaveagreattimeduringtheholiday，butthereissomethingimportantforyoutothinkabout﹣aplanforyourpersonalgrowth．Hereissomeadviceforyou．Firstly，studyyourself．Understandwhatyoulike，whatyouvalueandwhatyouwanttobe．Instudyingyourself，youcheckyourstrengths（长处）andweaknesses．Findoutwhatyouneedtoprepareforyourdreamjob．Secondly，writedownyourplan．Whenwriting，youcantryusingMindMaps（思维导图）．Itisagoodwaytohelpyoutothinkmoreclearly．Andyoumayfindaproperwaytoworkyourplanout．Thirdly，gooveryourplanwithyourteachers，parentsorfriends．Theymaygiveyousomeadvice．Thinkcarefullyabouttheiradviceandmakesomechangestoyourplanifnecessary．Andthenyoucangoonwithit．Finally，（4）．Forexample，ifyouwanttobeanEnglishteacherinthefuture，youshouldspendmoretimereadingEnglishbooks，learningmoreaboutEnglishcultureandpracticingyourlisteningandspeakingfromnowon．Youcanmakeyourdreamcometrueonlythroughhardwork．Youmayfinditdifficulttomaketheplannow．Don'tworry．Allyouneedisjustarough（粗略的）one．Onceyouentertheseniorhighschool，you'llgetachancetomakeitbetterwiththehelpofyourteachers．Andyourpersonalgrowthplanmaychangewithyourage，yourinterestsandthesocialdevelopment．SotakeyourtimeandIbelieveyouwillgrowintoanexcellentyoungman．Bestwishes!Yours,LiFang（1）Theunderlinedword"study"inParagraph3probablymeans"_________"inChinese．A．学习B．审视C．帮助D．调查（2）WhichofthefollowingcanbethemissingpartinParagraph6？A．plantofindajobB．trytobeanEnglishteacherC．practiceEnglishD．workhardtorealizeyourdream（3）Accordingtothepassage，apersonalgrowthplaninyourlifetimemaychangewiththefollowingthingsexcept___________．A．yourMindMapsB．yourageC．socialdevelopmentD．yourinterests（4）Intheletter，LiFangmainlywantstotellLiHua__________．A．howtospendtheholidayhappilyB．howtoprepareforhisdreamjobC．howtomakehispersonalgrowthplanD．howtoreviewtheplanwithhisfriends【答案】DDAC【解析】1．D词义猜测题．根据后句Understandwhatyoulike，whatyouvalueandwhatyouwanttobe．Instudyingyourself，youcheckyourstrengths（长处）andweaknesses．了解你喜欢什么，你看重什么，你想成为什么样的人．在研究自己时，你要检查自己的优缺点．可知结合选项，应说调查自己．所以study意为调查．故选D．2．D细节推理题．根据后句Forexample，ifyouwanttobeanEnglishteacherinthefuture，youshouldspendmoretimereadingEnglishbooks，learningmoreaboutEnglishcultureandpracticingyourlisteningandspeakingfromnowon．Youcanmakeyourdreamcometrueonlythroughhardwork．例如，如果你将来想成为一名英语老师，你应该花更多的时间读英语书，学习更多关于英语文化的知识，从现在开始练习你的听力和口语．只有通过努力，你才能实现你的梦想．可知结合选项，应说努力实现你的梦想．故选D．3．A细节理解题．根据最后一段句子Onceyouentertheseniorhighschool，you'llgetachancetomakeitbetterwiththehelpyourteachers．Andyourpersonalgrowthplanmaychangewithyourage，yourinterestsandthesocialdevelopment．SotakeyourtimeandIbelieveyouwillgrowintoanexcellentyoungman．一旦你进入高中，你就有机会在老师的帮助下做得更好．你的个人成长计划可能会随着你的年龄、兴趣和社会发展而改变．所以慢慢来，我相信你会成长为一个优秀的年轻人．可知根据这篇文章，你一生中的个人成长计划可能会随着以下事情而改变，除了你的思维导图．故选A．4．C主旨归纳题．根据这篇文章内容及其第二段句子Ihopeyouhaveagreattimeduringtheholiday，butthereissomethingimportantforyoutothinkaboutaplanforyourpersonalgrowth.我希望你在假期里过得愉快，但是有一些重要的事情需要你去思考一个关于你个人成长的计划．可知信中，李方主要想告诉李华如何制定个人成长计划．故选C．【练习2】Toraisesnails（蜗牛）well，youneedtospray（喷）watertothecontainer（容器）everymorningandevening，changesoileverytwoweeks，andfeedthemwithvegetablesandsweetfruits，"saidSunYouxiangafterraisingsnailsforoneyear．Heisafourth-gradeprimaryschoolstudentinHangzhou，ZhejiangProvince．Fromthreewhitejadesnailsattheverybeginningtomorethansixtysnailsoffourgenerations（代）now，hehasdoneagreatjobforhisscienceclass．Watchingthereproduction（繁殖）ofanimalsisanuncommonexperienceforkids．Theircreativity，patienceandrespect（尊重）forlifewillbedevelopedastheylearntotakecareofanimalsontheirown．Sun'steachersaidthejobservedasagoodexampleoflifeeducation．Practiceisanecessarystepinlearninganditwillbenefitthekidsforalifetime．Lifeeducationallowskidstoknowhowtolivewithnatureandcreatures（生物）inafriendlyway．Startingfromthisyear．sciencewillbecomeanimportantsubjectasChineseandmathinprimaryschoolsinordertoimprovestudents'knowledgeaboutthethingsaroundus．Becauseofcuriosity（好奇心），morekidswillbewillingtowatchandthinkthroughpractising．Itwilladdtoourknowledgeoftheworldinthelongrun．（1）WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaboutSunYouxiang？A．Heisgoodatraisingsnails．B．Hemakesalotofmoneybyraisingsnails．C．Raisingsnailsisaninterestingexperienceforhim．D．Hebecomescreativeandpatientthroughtakingcareofsnails．（2）Theunderlinedword"benefit"inParagraph2means__________．A．hurtB．protectC．begoodforD．bepopularwith（3）InParagraph3，"Lifeeducationallowskidstoknowhowtolivewithnatureandcreaturesinafriendlyway"means________．A．natureandcreaturesarefriendlytokidsB．lifeeducationcanmakekidsmorefriendlyC．lifeeducationtellskidshowtomakefriendsD．lifeeducationtellskidshowtogetonwellwithnatureandcreatures（4）WhatdoesSunYouxiang'steacherthinkofhisjob？A．Ittakestoomuchtime．B．Itwasteslotsofmoney．C．Itcan'thelpwithSun'sstudy．D．Itservesasagoodexampleoflifeeducation．（5）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？A．Howtoraisesnails．B．Patience，thekeytosuccess．C．Theimportanceoflifeeducation．D．Howtothinkthroughpractising．【答案】BCDDC【解析】1．B细节理解题，根据文中的第一段Toraisesnails（蜗牛）well，youneedtospray（喷）watertothecontainer（容器）everymorningandevening，changesoileverytwoweeks，andfeedthemwithvegetablesandsweetfruits．"saidSunYouxiangafterraisingsnailsforoneyear．Heisafourth﹣gradeprimaryschoolstudentinHangzhou．ZhejiangProvince．为了更好地养蜗牛，你需要每天早上和晚上把水喷到容器里，每两周换一次土壤，然后用蔬菜和甜果喂它们．"孙有翔养蜗牛是非常擅长的，故A正确；根据第二段Watchingthereproductionofanimalsisanuncommonexperienceforkids．观察动物的繁殖对孩子来说是不寻常的经历，可知对他来说也是一个不同寻常的经历，故C正确；结合第二段Theircreativity，patienceandrespectforlifewillbedevelopedastheylearntotakecareofanimalsontheirown他们的创造力、耐心和对生命的尊重会随着他们学会照顾自己的动物而发展起来，可知D正确，B没有提到挣很多钱，故答案是B．2．C词义猜测题，根据文中的前面Practiceisanecessarystepinlearningand实践是学习过程中必不可少的一步，后面对于孩子来说，应该是终身受益，故答案是C．3．D句子翻译题，根据文中的Lifeeducationallowskidstoknowhowtolivewithnatureandcreaturesinafriendlyway．生命教育让孩子们懂得如何与大自然和生物友好相处．可知与D相吻合，故答案是D．4．D细节理解题，根据文中的第三段Sunsteachersaidthejobservedasagoodexampleoflifeeducation，可知孙老师说，这项工作是一个很好的例子，故答案是D．5．C主旨归纳题，根据文中的最后一段Lifeeducationallowskidstoknowhowtolivewithnatureandcreaturesinafriendlyway．生命教育让孩子们懂得如何与大自然和生物友好相处，可知结合文章主要通这观察蜗牛的生活面引出生命教育的重要性，故答案是C．【例题3】Fromayoungage,I'vehadareallydeepconnectionwithbeingoutside．I'vebeenskiingSinceIwaseightornineyearsold．I'vebeenonexpeditions（探险）inmanyplaceslikeChina，Pakistanandsoon．Butitwasinmyhomecountry，theUSA，thatIcameclosesttodeath．ItwasApril1,2011．IwasskiingintheTetonswithmyfriendsJeremyandXavier，bothexperiencedsnowboarders．Thatday，Iwasthelastpersontoski．Theywerewatchingmefromasafearea．Suddenly，Iheardsomeonecryloudly．Iturnedaroundandsawthewholemountainstarttomovebehindme．Itwasamassiveavalanche（大雪崩）．Thekindofavalanchethatdestroystrees，cars，buses,evenhouses!Tensofthousandsoftonsofsnowwerecomingstraightdownthemountainbehindme．Ifeltthesnowpushmeforward，hundredsofmeters，andthencoverme．ItwassoheavythatIcouldn'tbreathe．Andthenitpushedmeforwardagainandup，outofthesnowpack．Ilookedaround,andforafewsecondsIactuallystoppedbeingterrified．Ihadamomenttopauseandtolookatthepoweroftheavalanche．Ilookeddownintothebottomofthevalley（峡谷）．Icouldseetreesthatwere30mtall，becauseIwassofaraway，theylookedtinytome．"OK，I'mgoingallthewaytothebottom!"Ithought．Thenthesnowpushedmeagaindownthemountainanother450m．Ithoughttheforceofthesnowwoulddestroyme，itwaspowerful．Butintheend，IfelttheavalancheslowdownandIjustpopped（迸出）rightoutofthesnowatthebottomofthevalley．IttookJeremyandXavierabout20minutestoreachme．Therewasapileofdebris（碎片）acrossthebottomofthemountain300mwide.Theycouldn'tbelieveitwhentheysawme．Iwassolucky．Hastheexperiencechangedme？DoIthinkaboutlifedifferently？Idon'tknow,maybe.ButIdoknowthatit'simportanttoliveyourlifewithmeaning．Lifeisagift，souseitwisely．（1）Whatimpressedthewritermostinhisskiingexperienceis__________．A．thepowerofsnowB．thesightofthevalleyC．thedangerofpoppingD．theluckofhisexpedition（2）Theunderlinedword'they'refersto__________．A．themountainsB．thetreesC．JeremyandXavierD．Pilesofdebris（3）Fromthepassage，it'struethat_________．A．thewritercameclosesttodeathwhenheskiedinPakistanB．theavalanchepushedthewriterdownabout300mawayC．thewriter'sfriendswatchedhimatthebottomofthevalleyD．thewritercouldn'tbreathebecauseoftheweightofthesnow（4）Thewriterwasthrownoutofthesnowwhen__________．A．hisfriendsreachedforhimB．hewaspushedtothebottomC．theavalanchestartedtoslowdownD．thesnowdrovehimforwardagain（5）Accordingtothewriter，__________．A．hisexperienceandhisfriendshavechangedhimB．it'simpossibletoknowtheforceofsnowC．oneshouldnotliveameaninglesslifeD．hedoesn'tmindthematteroflifeordeath【答案】ABDBC【解析】1．A细节理解题，根据文中的第2段Ilookedaround，andforafewsecondsIactuallystoppedbeingterrified．Ihadamomenttopauseandtolookatthepoweroftheavalanche．我环顾四周，几秒钟后，我就不再害怕了．我有片刻的停顿，看看雪崩的力量可知本文主要是通过描述这场事故，即雪崩的力量给作者留下的深刻的印象，故答案是A．2．B词义猜测题，根据文中的Icouldseetreesthatwere30mtall，becauseIwassofaraway，theylookedtinytome．我能看到30米高的树，因为我离他们太远，对我来说它们看起来很小可知they指的是那些树，故答案是B．3．D细节理解题，根据文中的第2段Ifeltthesnowpushmeforward，hundredsofmeters，andthencoverme．ItwassoheavythatIcouldn'tbreathe.我感觉到雪把我推向几百米，然后盖上我．它太重了以至于我不能呼吸可知D正确，故答案是D．4．B细节理解题，根据文中的第3段Thenthesnowpushedmeagaindownthemountainanother450m．可知然后雪又把我推下了山，故答案是B．5．C细节理解题，根据文中的最后一段ButIdoknowthatit'simportanttoliveyourlifewithmeaning但我知道重要的是让你的生活充满意义，可知每个人都应该有意义地活着，故答案是C．课后作业InAmerica，boysandgirlsoftenjoinclubs．Themembersofaclubworktogether．Theyalsolearncertainskillsandsharegoodtimes．ManyboysbelongtoBoyScouts．Boyscoutsenjoyhikingandcampingouttogether，