老高考适用2023高考英语一轮总复习第一编教材回眸Unit7TheSea课件北师大版

Unit7TheSea自主排查夯基固本participateparticipationparticipatorevaluateevaluationarrangearrangementarrangedspiritspiritualspiritedeventuallyeventualjourneytraveltripvoyageapologise

apologypollutionpollutepollutedpollutantbanprohibitforbidaltogetherhandledepartmentdepartmentaldepartmentalizesolutionsolvepresentpresenceenergeticenergyenergeticallydiscoverydiscoverinventcreateeducateeducationattractattractionattractiveattractivelymeasureterrifyterrifiedterrifyingescapesurvivesurvivalrecoverrecoverablerecoveryrecognise

recognitionrecognizable工业的

工业

使工业化农业的

农业

农业，农耕

智力，理解力

有才智的，聪明的现代的，最新的

折扣，减价可打折扣的戏法，把戏

熔化，融化

可怕的，令人厌恶的

可怕地，令人厌恶地

下沉；沉没

辩论，争辩

当地的，地方性的

地点，地方，位置

坐落在，位于意见不合，不同意

令人不愉快的，不合意的

意见不一，争论apologypollutedeventuallyenergeticterrifiedescapesmeasuresinhavesurvivedtorecognizefilloutsetsailaccordingtogetintotroublepersuadesbtodosth

makeittoinsearchofdealwith谋生

注意，小心，当心某事快要发生，在……边缘拾起；接载突然，忽然被……覆盖从那时起成功地做成某事filloutmadeittoinsearchofgotintotroubleaccordingtoWatchoutpickupFromthenonmadealivingontheedgeoffromwhich/whereIboughttwoEnglishmagazinesdon'tthink直击重点突破考点participatingtoparticipate(2)单句写作

Theywelcometheopportunityto________fully________thelifeofthevillage.他们很高兴有这个机会充分参与到该村的生活中去。participateinforarrangedarrange后加foreventually

eventual(2)单句写作________yourchildwillleavehome______________________asafullyindependentadult.最后，你的孩子会离开家，作为一个完全独立的成年人过她自己的生活。Eventuallytoleadherownlifeapologymade后加ahasbeenpollutedpollutionispollutingthemindstohandlebehandledcomplaints后加werewith

atwinner后加withattractedattractionattractstheattentionofmanypeopleescapedfrom去掉awayrecognised

ashardlyrecogniseherintoin(2)单句写作Ifyoukeeptherules,youarenot____________________.如果你遵守规则，你就不大会遇到麻烦。likelytogetintotroubletoacceptintoamtryingtopersuadetoitwon'tmakeitinfor(2)单句写作Theyouthswerearrestedand______________anythingthatwouldincriminatethem.警察逮捕了那些年轻人，并进行搜身看能不能找到可以认定他们有罪的证据。searchedforallatallatoncethelightswentoffpickedpickingup→outtogoitmanaged后加toforwhichwithwhomaslarger(2)单句写作Theyhave__________________________aswedo.他们拥有的奶牛是我们的三倍多。threetimesasmanycowsmoreadventurousbetter(2)单句写作Haveyougot________________thansitthereplayingthatsillygame?你光坐着玩那个愚蠢的游戏，就找不到更好的事来做吗？nothingbettertodowherewhere(2)单句写作Whatisthenameofthetown______________________？你过去生活过的那座城镇叫什么名字？whereyouusedtoliveWherever

WhereverFromthenonwouldfollowhim课文回练升华运用根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheVikings,whoseancestorscamefromScandinavia,werethefirstEuropeans__1__(reach)America.TheyhadlivedinmanyplacesofNorthernEurope.In982AD,aman__2__(call)ErictheRedwasforcedtoleaveIcelandbecauseofamurder,forwhichhe__3__(get)intotrouble.EricdiscoveredGreenlandandpersuadedsomepeople__4__(settle)inGreenland.Ericsetsailagain,butonlynearlyhalfoftheshipsmade__5__toGreenlandthistime.LateramanbythenameofBiarnisetsailfromIcelandinsearch__6__Eric'sparty.Buthe__7__(blow)offcourseandfoundhimselfinanunknownland,fromwherehe__8__(eventual)reachedGreenland.Intheyear1002,Leif,ErictheRed'sson,followedBiarni'sdirectionsandsailedto__9__isbelievedtobethecoastofpresent­dayCanada.HealsodiscoveredNew­foundland.Actually,ErictheRedandLeif's__10__(deed)arethefirstrecordswehaveofEuropeanssailingtotheAmericas.toreachcalledgottosettleitofwasblowneventuallywhatdeeds基础达标自主训练答案：when分析句子结构可知，此处用when引导定语从句，修饰times，when在从句中又作时间状语。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Therearetimes________IwonderwhyIdothisjob.答案：why分析句子结构可知，此处用why引导定语从句，修饰reason,why在从句中又作状语。2．Thereason________shewaslateforthemeetingwasthatshehadtodealwithseveralmistakesinthereport.答案：where根据句意可知，表示“我们今年能度假的地方”用where引导定语从句，修饰place，where在从句中又作地点状语。3．Canyousuggestaplace________wecanspendoursummervacationthisyear?答案：themost句意：短的那一个是五个中最贵的。表示“五个中”最贵的，用形容词最高级。4．Theshortoneisbyfar________expensiveofthefive.答案：more有比较级标志than，故其形容词important前用more。5．Hespokemuch________loudlythanhehadintended.答案：much本句中用as...as表示同级比较，故as...as中间用形容词原级，修饰不可数名词cotton，用much。6．We'veproducedtwiceas________cottonthisyearaswedidtenyearsago.答案：what根据句子含义，表示事物本身发展不同阶段的对比用“倍数＋whatitwas”，故填what。7．Thelengthoftheroadisfourtimes________itwasthreeyearsago.答案：length本句是考查倍数的表达法之一“倍数＋the＋性质名词＋of...”，故此处用名词length。8．Thenewriveryardisthreetimesthe________(long)oftheonelyinginthesouthofourcity.答案：which句意：那些问题都是关于歌剧的，对此我一无所知。aboutwhich引导非限制性定语从句。9．Thequestionswereallonopera,about________subjectIknownothing.答案：whom句意：在这里我有八个新朋友，其中三个是来自于南方。本句用thethreeofwhom引导非限定性定语从句。10．Ihave8newfriendshere,thethreeof________arefromthesouth.答案：(which/that)wevisitedlasttimeⅡ.单句写作1．Thisisthehouse________________(我们上次参观过的)．答案：Ihadneverreadamoreinterestingnovelthanthisone2．Itoldmyfriendthat____________________________(我从未读过比这更有趣的小说)．答案：gottenintotrouble3．Theysaidtheyhad__________________.他们说他们有麻烦了。答案：Itriedtopersuadehimtogiveuphisplan,buthedidn'tlistentome.4．_____________________________________________________我试图劝他放弃那项计划，但是他没有听我的。(persuadesbtodosth)答案：Iknowthemanwithwhomourheadmasteristalking.5．_____________________________________________________与我们校长谈话的那个人我认识。Ⅲ.语法填空Ifyou__1__(admit)toauniversityinChina,regardlessofwhateveryouchooseasyourmajor,there'sonecompulsorycoursethatyoucan'tavoid:English.Thefactis__2__youcanprobablymiss__3__(attend)Englishclasseswhenothercoursesaretaught,butyou'dbettertakeEnglish__4__(serious).HavingfailedintheNationalCollegeEnglishTest,youmaynotbeable__5__(secure)yourbachelor'sdegree,evenyouhaveyourownmajor__6__(do)well.Eachstudentlearnsaforeignlanguage,andmostlyEnglishfromDayOneof__7__(them)compulsoryeducation.Suchapolicy__8__(be)inplacesinceChinastartedtoreformandopenupintheearly1980s.China'stotalnumberofEnglishlanguagestudentsandgraduatesovertheyearscanbeequal__9__theentirepopulationofAustralia,thankstotennational－levelcollegiateforeignlanguageteachinginstitutes,of__10__themostimportantonesareShanghaiInternationalStudiesUniversityandBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity.areadmitted

that

attending

seriously

tosecure

done

their

hasbeen

to

which

1．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：如果你被中国的一所大学录取，不管你选择什么专业，有一门必修课你无法避免：英语。beadmittedto“被……录取”。根据句意可知是被录取，被动语态，用一般现在时，主语为you，be用are。故填areadmitted。2．考查表语从句的连接词。此处为表语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分，用that引导。故填that。3．考查非谓语动词。missdoingsth

“错过做某事”。此处是指错过上课。故填attending。4．考查词性转换。句意：但是你最好认真对待英语。takesthseriously“认真对待某事”。故填seriously。5．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你在全国大学英语考试中失败了，即使你自己的专业考得很好，你也可能无法获得学士学位。beabletodosth

“能够做某事”，故填tosecure。6．考查非谓语动词。havesthdone“使某事被做”。major与do存在逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填done。7．考查代词。句意：每个学生从接受义务教育的第一天起就开始学习一门外语，其中大部分是英语。根据设空后的名词education可知，此处用形容词性物主代词。故填their。8．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。since引导时间状语从句时，主句常常使用现在完成时。主语为apolicy，助动词用has。故填hasbeen。9．考查介词。句意：多年来，中国英语专业学生和毕业生的总数相当于澳大利亚的总人口。beequalto“相等，等于”。故填to。10．考查定语从句的引导词。此处为定语从句，先行词为“tennational－levelcollegiateforeignlanguageteachinginstitutes”表地点。从句中缺少状语，根据前面的of可知，用which引导，介词＋关系代词＝关系副词。故填which。Ⅳ.短文改错WhenIwaslittle,Friday'snightwasourfamilygamenight.Aftersupper,wewouldplaycardgamesofallsortinthesittingroom.Asthekid,Ilovedtowatchcartoons,butnomatterhowmanytimesIaskedtowatchingthem,myparentswouldnottoletme.Theywouldsaytousthatplayingcardgameswouldhelpmybrain.StillIunwillingtoplaythegamesforthemsometimes.Ididn'trealizehowrightmyparentsareuntilIenteredhighschool.ThegamesmyparentstaughtmewhereIwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.课后作业Ⅰ.完形填空(2021·“超级全能生”高三全国卷乙卷地区联考)WhenKrishnamurthywasateenager,hewitnessedapondnearhishomefulloftrash.The__1__tothepondinspiredhimtobecomeaconservationist.In2007,Krishnamurthy__2__theEFI—agroupthatrestoresfreshwaterlakesandpondsacrossIndia.Theteamworksto__3__thegarbageandrestoresthenaturalhabitatsofbirds,frogsandnativeplants,givingwildlifeachanceto__4__.Overthelast13years,EFIhas__5__restorationworkon112lakesandponds.EFI's__6__goalistorestorelakesandponds,buttheorganization'sworkbenefitsIndia'swater__7__onasmallscale,becauserestoringwaterbodyisofgreat__8__inrecharging(补给)groundwater.Infact,groundwateris__9__toIndia,accountingfor80%ofitswatersupply.__10__overusingwaterisreducingreservesataworryingrate.Governmentisurgedtotakesomemeasures,butKrishnamurthybelieves__11__haveagreatroletoplay.That'swhyhewantsto__12__whathecallswaterliteracy(水文知识)andraisepeople's__13__ofwater'simportanceinpeople'sdailylives.HepointstothefactthatgroundwaterinIndiaisused__14__，

andalotofitiswastedfinally.Currently,EFIisfacinga__15__whenitcomestohandlingwaste.Upto95%ofthesolidwasteit__16__fromthepondsendsupinlandfill.Thegroupisresearchingonvarious__17__forreusingandrecyclingmoreofthetrash.Despitethechallenges,hefeels__18__notonlyforIndiabutfortheworld.He__19__peopletocareforthelakesandponds,andtocarefortheneedsofwildlife.Withtheright__20__，

everyonecanmakeadifferenceonourplanet.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Krishnamurthy(克里希纳穆尔蒂)看到家附近池塘填满垃圾，于是创建了一个组织去保护湖泊、池塘和野生动物，并且呼吁人们共同努力保护环境。答案：C句意：对池塘的破坏促使他成为一名环保主义者。journey“旅行”；relation“关系”；damage“损坏”；way“方法，方式”。根据前文“hewitnessedapondnearhishomefulloftrash(看到充满垃圾的池塘)”可知，此处指“对池塘的破坏”，故选C。1．A.journey B．relationC．damage D．way答案：A

found“建立”；quit“离开，放弃”；advertise“做广告”；rebuild“重建”。根据后文“agroupthatrestoresfreshwaterlakesandpondsacrossIndia”可知，这是他创立的一个组织。故选A。2．A.founded B．quitC．advertised D．rebuilt答案：D

burn“燃烧”；reuse“再次使用，重新使用”；sort“分类”；remove“移除”。根据前文“restoresfreshwaterlakes”和后文“thegarbageandrestoresthenaturalhabitatsofbirds,frogsandnativeplants”可知，要恢复鸟、青蛙和本地植物的栖息地，需要移除垃圾。故选D。3．A.burn B．reuseC．sort D．remove答案：B

appear“出现”；return“返回”；play“玩耍”；perform“实施，执行”。根据前文“restoresthenaturalhabitatsofbirds”可知，此处指“给野生动植物一个回归自然栖息地的机会”。故选B。4．A.appear B．returnC．play D．perform答案：C

applyfor“申请”；giveup“放弃”；carryout“实施”；putoff“推迟”。根据前文“restoresfreshwaterlakesandpondsacrossIndia”可知，这个组织在保护湖泊和池塘，即实施修复工作。故选C。5．A.appliedfor B．gaveupC．carriedout D．putoff答案：B

common“共同的”；primary“首要的，初级的”；big“大的”；proper“合适的，正确的”。根据前文“theEFI—agroupthatrestoresfreshwaterlakesandpondsacrossIndia”可知，这个组织的首要目标就是修复湖泊和池塘，故选B。6．A.common B．primaryC．big D．proper答案：A

supply“供应”；safety“安全”；treatment“治疗”；preparation“准备”。根据后文“Infact,groundwateris__9__toIndia,accountingfor80%ofitswatersupply.”可知，该组织的工作在小范围内对印度的水供应是有利的。故选A。7．A.supply B．safetyC．treatment D．preparation答案：D

harm“伤害”；interest“兴趣”；quality“质量”；effect“效应，影响”。根据常识可知，修复水体对补给地下水是有重要作用的。故选D。8．A.harm B．interestC．quality D．effect答案：C

familiar“熟悉的”；attractive“吸引的”；vital“重要的”；helpful“有帮助的”。根据后文“accountingfor80%ofitswatersupply”可知，地下水占印度供水量的百分之八十，对印度来说很重要。故选C。9．A.familiar B．attractiveC．vital D．helpful答案：A前文讲述的是修复水体对水供应的有利影响，后文讲到过度用水的不利影响，前后文是转折关系。故选A。10．A.However B．ThereforeC．Instead D．Besides答案：B

member“成员”；individual“个人”；farmer“农民”；adult“成年人”。根据前文政府采取措施和后文“haveagreatroletoplay”可知，他认为个人也能发挥巨大的作用。故选B。11．A.members B．individualsC．farmers D．adults答案：D

learn“学习”；expose“暴露”；record“记录”；spread“传播，散播”。根据后文“hecallswaterliteracy(水文知识)”和“raisepeople's...ofwater'simportance”可知，此处表示传播知识，让每个人都有水资源的意识。故选D。12．A.learn B．exposeC．record D．spread答案：C

ability“能力”；knowledge“知识”；awareness“认识”；experience“经历，经验”。根据后文“water'simportanceinpeople'sdailylives”可知，此处表示提高人们对水的重要性的认识。故选C。13．A.ability B．knowledgeC．awareness D．experience答案：A

withoutlimit“无限制地”；onpurpose“故意地，有目的地”；forfun“为了好玩”；inneed“在危难中，在穷困中的”。根据后文“alotofitiswastedfinally”可知，此处表示地下水被无限制地使用，导致被浪费。故选A。14．A.withoutlimit B．onpurposeC．forfun D．inneed答案：B

choice“选择”；challenge“挑战”；defeat“失败”；topic“话题，主题”。根据后文“Despitethechallenges”可知，此处讲的是处理废物面对的种种挑战。故选B。15．A.choice B．challengeC．defeat D．topic答案：D句意：高达95%的从池塘收集的固体废物最终被送到填埋场。transport“运输”；form“组成”；produce“生产”；collect“收集，搜集”。根据前文提到池塘垃圾很多和后文“fromthepondsendsupinlandfill”可知，此处指“从池塘中收集的垃圾”。故选D。16．A.transports B．formsC．produces D．collects答案：B

level“水平”；method“方法”；answer“回答”；type“类型”。根据后文“forreusingandrecyclingmoreofthetrash”可知，为了重复利用垃圾，小组正在研究一些方法以解决问题。故选B。17．A.levels B．methodsC．answers D．types答案：A句意：尽管面临种种挑战，但他不仅对印度，而且对世界都充满希望。hopeful“有希望的”；anxious“焦急的”；grateful“感激的”；happy“高兴的”。故选A。18．A.hopeful B．anxiousC．grateful D．happy答案：D根据前文“Krishnamurthybelieves__11__haveagreatroletoplay”可知，此处表示他呼吁每个人都要关心湖泊、池塘和野生动物。故选D。19．A.invites B．warnsC．forces D．urges答案：C句意：有了正确的意图，每个人都能对我们的星球有所帮助。instruction“说明书，指导”；option“选择”；intention“意图”；judgment“判断”。故选C。20．A.instructions B．optionsC．intentions D．judgmentsⅡ.阅读理解A(2021·河南省高三毕业班阶段性测试(一))Arelativeofstarfishdoesn'thaveeyes,butcanstillsee.ThatinformationcomesfromscientistswhostudiedseacreaturesinthecoralreefsoftheCaribbeanandGulfofMexico.Theresearchersreportedthismonththatthestarfish'srelative—calledtheredbrittlestar—isonlythesecondcreatureknowntobeabletoseewithouthavingeyes.Thisabilityiscallextraocularvision(眼外视觉).Theothercreaturesaidtohaveextraocularvisionisakindofseaurchin.Brittlestars,withfivearmsextendingfromacentraldisk,arepartofagroupofsealifecalledechinoderms.Theyhaveanervoussystembutnobrain.Theredbrittlestarmeasuresuptoabout35centimeterswide,fromtheendofonearmtotheother.Itlivesinbrightandcomplexenvironments.Becauseofthepossibilityofbeingeatenbyfish,thecreaturehidesduringdaylighthours.Theredbrittlesstarpossessesextraocularvisionasaresultoflight－sensingcells,calledphotoreceptors.Thesephotoreceptorscoveritsbodyandchromatophores,thecellsresponsibleforcoloring.Duringthedaytime,thechromatophoresnarrowthefieldoflightbeingdetected,makingeachphotoreceptorslikethepixel(像素)ofacomputerimage.Whencombinedwithotherpixels,theimagebecomescomplete.Thevisualsystemdoesn'tworkatnight.Laboratoryexperimentssuggestedthatthebrittlestarshaveverysimplevision.Placedinacircularenvironment,forexample,theymovedtowardwallsthatwerewhitewithablackbar,suggestiveofalldaytimehidingplace.LaurenSumner－RooneyisaresearchfellowattheOxfordUniversityMuseumofNaturalHistory.Sheledthestudy.Shesaid,“It'ssuchadifferentconceptforus,asveryvisuallydrivenanimals,toimaginehowananimalmightseeitshabitatwithouteyes,butnowweknowoftwoexamples.\”篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们发现的第二种没有眼睛但却能看清楚东西的海洋生物——蛇尾海星的相关信息。1．What'sresearchers'newfindingabouttheredbrittlestar?A．Itisarelativeofstarfish. B．Itlivesinthecoralreefs.C．Ithasaveryrareability. D．Itisaseacreature.答案：C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Theresearchersreportedthismonththatthestarfish'srelative—calledtheredbrittlestar—isonlythesecondcreatureknowntobeabletoseewithouthavingeyes.”可知，研究人员关于红蛇尾海星的新发现是它有着不用眼睛就能看见东西的能力。故选C。答案：B推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，蛇尾海星有五条臂从中央延伸出来，是一群叫棘皮类动物的海洋生物中的一员。它们有神经系统，但没有大脑。红海蛇尾海星宽约35厘米，它生活在明亮复杂的环境中。因为有可能被鱼吃掉，这种生物会在白天躲起来。由此可推知，作者写本段主要是为了介绍蛇尾海星的基本情况。故选B。2．What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingParagraph3?A．Togivereasonswhythebrittlestarhasnobrain.B．Tomakeageneralintroductionofthebrittlestar.C．Tostresstherolethebrittlestarplaysinthesea.D．Toexplainwhythebrittlestarkeepsauniquelifestyle.3．Accordingtothetext,photoreceptors________.A．spreadonthesurfaceoftheredbrittlestarB．functionnormallyeveninthenighttimeC．controlthefieldoflightbeingdetectedD．serveascellsresponsibleforcoloring答案：A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Theredbrittlestarpossessesextraocularvisionasaresultoflight－sensingcells,calledphotoreceptors.Thesephotoreceptorscoveritsbody(红蛇尾海星拥有视外视觉，这是一种被称为光感受器的感光细胞。这些光感受器覆盖着它的身体)”可知，红蛇尾海星的身体表面遍布光感受器。故选A。答案：D标题判断题。通读全文尤其是第一段中的“Arelativeofstarfishdoesn'thaveeyes,butcanstillsee.”可知，本文主要介绍了一种没有眼睛但却能看清楚东西的海洋生物。故选D。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．HowSeaCreatureFindsItsHabitatUnderwater B．HowSeaCreature'sVisualSystemWorksC．SeaCreatureFindsNewHabitat D．SeaCreatureSeesWithoutEyesB(2022·贵州省部分重点中学高三联考)Asweallknow,Antarcticaissurroundedbyicebergsanditisthecoldest,driestandwindiestcontinentontheearth.However,thefinger­shapedpieceoficethatrecentlybrokeloosefromthewesternsideoftheRonneIceShelf—themostextensiveiceplatforms—isworthyofamention.Measuringapproximately105mileslongand15mileswide,itcoversasurfaceareaof1,660squaremilesandiscurrentlytheworld'slargesticeberg.ThemassivepieceoficefloatingintheWeddellSeawasfirstspottedonMay13,2021,byDrKeithMakinsonattheBritishAntarcticSurveyandlaterconfirmedbyimagestakenbytheEuropeanSpaceAgency's(ESA's)Sentinel­IAsatellite.SincetheicebergislocatedinAntarctica'squadrantA(A象限)—theBellingshausen/WeddellSearegion—andisthe76thonenamedbytheUSNationalIceCenterscientists,itwascalledA­76.Researcherssaythatperiodic(周期性的)calvingoficebergslikeA­76isapartofaniceshelf'snormallifespanandmostlikelynotrelatedtoclimatechange.Theyconcludethatthemassivepiecewilldrift(漂移)throughtheSouthAtlanticforseveralyearsbeforebreakingintosmallerpiecesandmelting.Sincetheiceberghasalreadyreplacedthewateritwilladdtotheoceanasitmelts,itwillnotcontributetorisingsealevels.ThoughA­76isundoubtedlylargerthantheexistingrecord­holder—a1,540­square­mileicebergnamedA­23AthatisstillfloatingintheWeddellSea,itisnotthebiggesticeberginrecordedhistory.ThathonorgoestoB­15,whichmeasured4,200squaremiles—aboutthesizeoftheislandofJamaica—whenitbrokeoffAntarctica'sRossIceShelfin2000.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。南极洲被冰山包围，然而，人们最近发现了从Ronne(朗尼)冰架西侧脱落的冰块。5．WhatcanweknowabouttheRonneIceShelf?A．Itislikeafingerinshape.B．It'saveryextensiveiceplatform.C．It'sthelargesticeberginhistory.D．Itssurfaceareaisover1,660squaremiles.答案：B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“However,thefinger­shapedpieceoficethatrecentlybrokeloosefromthewesternsideoftheRonneIceSh