2022-2023学年广东省广州市荔湾区高一上学期期末英语试卷（解析版）

2022-2023学年广东省广州市荔湾区高一（上）期末英语试卷

题号—•二三四总分

得分

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用

橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷（选择题）

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共45.0分）

A

阅读下列短文从1-15每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡

上将该项涂黑

ReadingClubVolunteersWanted

GradeLevelCoordinators（协调员）

Theyareresponsibleformakingvolunteersjoinindiscussionsaboutreadingskills.Theyanswerquestions

abouttherulesofthereadingclubandtrytomakesurethatallvolunteerteamsarehavingafunreading

clubexperience.GradeLevelCoordinatorsoftenserveasreadersaswell,sovolunteerswishingtojoinus

musthavereadwithusatleastthreetimes.Theyarriveat8：30am.

TrainingCoordinators

Theyareresponsibleforhelpingtheteacherswithnewvolunteertraininginhowtobebetterpreparedand

moreeffectiveintheclassroomwiththekids.Volunteerswhohavealoveforpublicspeakingare

encouragedtocontactusabouthelpingasTrainingCoordinators.TrainingCoordinatorsarriveat8：30am.

SiteOperationsHelpers

SiteOperationsHelpersarriveat8：00am.Somewillhelptogiveoutsuppliesorgivebooksaway

tothechildren.Somewillhelptodirectthevolunteerstothepropergradeleveltableandsignthemin.The

othersmayhelpsignthechildreninandassign（分酉己）themtotheirreadingclubrooms.Theycanask

forhelpfromSiteCoordinatorsifneeded.

SiteCoordinators

Theyarriveat8：00amandmakesurethatthefacilities,books,supplies,andvolunteerteamsareall

readysothatthechildrencanenjoyafundayofreadingandcrafts（）.Theygreetarrivingvolunteers

andansweranyquestions.Volunteerswhoarefamiliarwiththereadingclubareencouragedtocontactus

aboutservingasSiteCoordinators.

1.WhatisaGradeLevelCoordinatorrequiredtohave?

A.Skillsofhandlingpressure.

B.Theinterestinworkingwithkids.

C.Theabilitytoworkindependently.

D.Formerexperiencesasthisclub'sreader.

2.Inwhichpositionmayonelearnmoreclassroommanagementskills?

A.SiteCoordinators.B.TrainingCoordinators.

C.SiteOperationsHelpers.D.GradeLevelCoordinators.

3.WhatdovolunteersneedtodoasSiteCoordinators?

A.Helpsignallarrivingvolunteersin.

B.Helpteachersinteachingreadingskills.

C.Preparethematerialsneededfortheactivities.

D.Guidechildrenintotherightclassrooms.

B

The60-foot-tallrockettookoffinWestTexas,sendingagroupofsixpeopleintospaceandgivingthem

afewminutesofweightlessnessbeforetheylandedbyparachute（降落伞）.

Mostofthepassengerspaidasecretsumofmoneyfortheirseats.ButKatyaEchazarreta,anengineerand

sciencecommunicator,wasselectedbyanonprofitorganizationtojointhistravelfromapoolof

thousandsofapplicants（申请A）.Theorganization'sgoalistosendgreatleadersintospaceandallow

themtoexperiencetheovervieweffect,whichwasreportedbyastronautswhosaythatviewingtheEarth

fromspacegivesthemagreatchangeintheirview.

"Lookingdown,youseeeveryoneisdownthere,allofourpast,allofourdifficulties,

everything—everythingisthere,“Echazarretasaid."WhenIcamebackdown,itjustcompletely

strengthenedmywishtocontinueenablingpeopleofdifferentbackgroundstogointospaceanddo

whatevertheywanttodo."

EchazarretaisthefirstMexican-bornwomantotravelintospace.ShemovedtotheUnitedStateswithher

familyattheageofseven.Sherecalled（回忆说）thatshefeltuncertaininanewplacewhereshedidn't

speakthelanguageandthatateacherwarnedhershemighthavetorepeatagrade."Itjustreallymeand

afterthat,Ijuststudiedharder,"Echazarretasaid.Latershewasthemainbreadwinnerinherfamily.She

hadsometimesuptofourjobsatthesametime,justtotrytosuccessfullygraduatefromcollege.

SheworkedinNASAbeforeanddidn'tseeotherfemaleengineerslikeher,whichinspiredherto

popularizescienceamongthepublic.Thesedays,Echazarretaisstudyingforhermaster'sdegreein

engineeringatJohnsHopkinsUniversity.Shealsohasafollowingofmorethan330,000fansonTikTok,

andhostsascience-focusedYouTubeseries.

4.WhywasEchazarretachosentotravelintospace?

A.Shemadegreateffortstosetupanonprofitorganization.

B.Shesupportedtheprojectwithabigsumofmoney.

C.Shewasconsideredtobeanexcellentwoman.

D.Shewasanexpertinspacescience.

5.WhatwasinEchazarreta'smindaftershereturnedfromspacetravel?

A.Tomakewomenscientistsknowntothepublic.

B.Tosharethebeautyofspaceonsocialmedia.

C.Toencouragethepublictolearnscience.

D.Tohelpmorepeopletravelintospace.

6.WhichofthefollowingcanreplacethewordnfueledninParagraph4?

A.Beat.B.Drove.C.Confused.D.Attracted.

7.WhatkindofpersonisprobablyEchazarreta?

A.Inspiringandhardworking.B.Humorousandoutgoing.

C.Talentedandcreative.D.Calmandconfident.

c

Doyousometimespaynoattentiontoyourmomwhilechattingwithfriends?Ifyou'reateen,that'sfairly

common.Andnewresearchmayexplainwhysomanyadolescents（年）stoplisteningtotheirmoms1

voices.

Theresearchersstudiedthebrainsof7-to16-year-oldkidsastheylistenedtothingssaidbytheirmothers

orbyunfamiliarwomen.Asthekidslistened,certainpartsoftheirbrainsbecameactive.Thiswas

especiallytrueinbrainregionsthathelpustopayattention.

DanielAbrams,ascientist,andhisco-workersalreadyknewthatyoungerkids'brains

respond（反应）morestronglytotheirmoms'voicesthantostrangers*."Inadolescence,weshowthe

exactoppositeofthat,"Abramssays.Forteens,thesebrainregionsrespondmoretounfamiliarvoices

thantotheirmoms*."Asateen,youdon'tknowyou'redoingthis.YouYejustbeingyou：You'vegotyour

newfriendsandyouwanttospendtimewiththem.Youtakemorenoticeoftheseunfamiliarvoices,”

Abramsadds.

Theseareasintheadolescentbraindon'tstoprespondingtoMom.Itsjustthat

unfamiliarvoicesbecomemoreattractiveandthenareworthyofattention.Askidsgrowup,theyexpand

（扩大）theirsocialconnectionswaybeyondtheirfamily.Sotheirbrainsneedtobeginpayingmore

attentiontothatwiderworld."That'sexactlywhatitshouldbelike,"

Abramssays.

Thebrainseemstoadapttonewneedsthatcomewithadolescence."Aswegrowup,oursurvivaldepends

lessandlessonourmother'ssupport,usaysLeslieSeltzer,ascientist.uInstead,wedependmoreandmore

onourfriendsandothersatthesameageasus.”Sowhilebothteensandtheirparentsmaysometimesfeel

sadaboutmissedmessages,thafsokay.Thisishowtheadolescentbrainworks,andthere*sagoodreason

forit.

8.Whatdoestheresearchfocuson?

A.Theadolescents'braindevelopment.

B.Theteens*responsetotheirmothers*voices.

C.Therelationshipbetweenkidsandtheirmothers.

D.Theinfluenceofmothersontheirkids'characters.

9.WhatdoAbrams'swordsinParagraph3suggest?

A.Teens*mindtendstobeattractedtounfamiliarvoices.

B.Teens1brainactivityiscloselyrelatedtotheirages.

C.Teensusuallyhaveabadrelationshipwiththeirparents.

D.Teenssometimeshavedifficultyfocusingtheirattention.

10.Whichofthefollowingcanexplaintheobviousfeatureoftheadolescentbrain?

A.Teens'greatpressureofstudy.

B.Teens1wishtoliveanindependentlife.

C.Teens1increasingfocusonnewthings.

D.Teens*discomfortoftalkingwiththeirparents.

11.Whatistheauthor'sopiniononthechangeinteens'socialpreferences?

A.Itcanincreasetheirbrainactivity.

B.Itisconfusing.

C.Itleadstofailureinlaterlife.

D.Itisunderstandable.

D

Onethingthatismissingfrommostchildren'seducationthesedaysisnaturalhistory.Bythat,Imean

gettingoutintonatureanddigginginthedirt,catchinginsectsandlearning

thenamesofanimalsandtrees.

Noamountofbook-orcomputer-basedlearningcanevertaketheplaceofthefirst-handexperienceof

messingaroundinthewilderness.AsbiologistElaineBrookssaysinRichardLouv'sbook,LastChildin

theWoods,humansseldomvaluewhattheycannotname.Childrenmustbecomefamiliarwithnature,

orelsetheywillnotunderstandwhyitneedstobeprotected.

Buthowdoesoneteachachildtoknownature?AnewseriesofeducationalbookscalledOutdoorSchool

mightbeabletohelp.Thisseriesincludesthreetextbooks,allofwhichofferawealthoffacts,skills,

andpicturesaboutthenaturalworldtocuriouschildren.TitledAnimalWatching,HikingandCamping,

andRock,Fossil,andShellHunting,thebooksprovidepagesformakingobservations,answering

questions,andreflecting（深思）onwhatthechildhaslearned.Kidswilllearnhowtoidentifywildflowers,

buildarockcollection,setupatentandsomuchmore.

Asaparentwhohasbeenhomeschoolingmykidsforthepastfewmonths,thesebookshavecomein

handy.IuseAnimalWatchingaspartoftheirdailylessonplan,requiringmykidstoreadonechapter（章）

adayandtakepartintheactivitiesoutlinedinthebook.lthasbecomethehighlightoftheirday.Theyhead

outsidewiththebookandpencilinhandandobservethecomingsandgoingsofbirdsandsmallanimalsin

ouryardortheparks.

Theseriessuitschildrenlivinginallsortsofenvironments.Thereisplentyofinformationaboutanimals,

rocksandshellsthatcaneasilybefoundinurbanparksorshorelines.OutdoorSchooldoesmorethanjust

getkidsoutintonature；itprovidesthemwiththetoolstoexploreandunderstandit.

12.Whatdoestheauthorstressinthesecondparagraph?

A.Beingclosetonatureraiseschildren'senvironmentalawareness.

B.Masteringsomebasiclifeskillsisdifficultforchildren.

C.Outdooractivitiescanimprovechildren'screativity.

D.Childrenshouldlearnaboutnatureinfunways.

13.HowdoesOutdoorSchoolbenefitchildren?

A.Itteachesthemtodrawpicturesforstories.

B.Itofferscarefulguidanceontheirschoollife.

C.Itrecommendssomeinterestingcampingactivities.

D.Itstrengthenstheirnatureeducationwithusefulmethods.

14.Whatismainlymentionedabouttheauthor'skids?

A.Playtimemakesthemstayenergetic.

B.Theyareundergreatpressuretostudy.

C.Theyareafraidtotouchunfamiliaranimals.

D.Readingincreasestheirinterestinexploringnature.

15.Whatprobablyisthetext?

A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.

C.Ascientificstudy.D.Anadvertisement.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共15.0分）

阅读下酶文从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Doingwellinsciencedependsondevelopingeffective（有效的）studyskillsandlearningtoparticipate

inclass.Ifyou'vegotgoodstudyskillsinothercourses,you'llbeabletousethemtodowellinscience.

Readtheassigned(指定的)material.Whenyourteacherassignsyoutoreadsomethingfromatextbook,

taketimetoreaditbeforeyoucometoclass.Ifyoudon'thavetimetoreaditwell,it'sagoodideatolook

throughitsothatyouhaveanideaofwhatit*sabout.⑴

Takeclear,organizednotes.Thenotesyoutakeinclasswillhelpyouknowwhattostudybetweenclasses.

(2)Instead,paycarefulattentiontoanyinformationyourteachersuggestsislikelytobeincludedon

tests.Besides,recordingalecturewillallowyoutogobackandhearitagain.

Refertovarioussources.Whenstudyingyournotes,youcannotonlyrefertothetextbooksbutuseInternet

searchestodeepenyourunderstanding.(3)Forexample,KhanAcademyisagoodsourceformany

scientifictopics.

Bepreparedforthelab.Manyscienceclassesincludelabs,whicharedemonstrations(证明)oftechniques

you'velearned.(4)Readtheinstructionsforthelabbeforeclass.

Bringallnecessarymaterialstoyourlab.Dressingproperlywillalsobeimportantforyoursuccessinlabs.

(5)Inmostcases,labexperimentsaremeanttobedonebyagroupof2ormorestudents.Thismeansthat

youprobablywon'thavetimetodothewholeexperimentonyourown，andwillneedtorelyonthegroup's

efforts.

A.Rereadyournotesafterclass.

B.Workeffectivelywithothers.

C.Don'ttrytowritedowneverythingthattheteachersays.

D.Makesureyoucarryoutexperimentsinaproperandsafeway.

E.Yourreportshouldshowthedatayoufoundthroughyourresearch.

F.Thenyou'llbepreparedtoanswerquestionsandtakepartindiscussions.

G.Sometimesyoursubjectmatterwillbebetterexplainedbyanothersource

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共45.0分)

阅读下触文从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Inthesummerof2020,IwasleadingeightjuniorhighkidsthroughtheAppalachianMountains.Fora

youngteacher,thatwasalotof(21).

WhenIwasateenager,timeinthewoodsmeant(22)frommydifficulthomelife.Thesightsandsoundsof

nature(23)thecondemning(指责的)voicesI,dgrownup

hearingathome.ButIcouldnevercompletely(24)them,especiallywhenothersweredependingonme.

Wewerehavinga(n)(25)campingtrip.Iusedourhikethroughthewoodsto(26)thekidsandtheyallwere

interested.Suddenly,oneofthegirlsinthegroupcalled(27),"Mr.Heim,mycompasssayswe'rewalking

south."Thatwasimpossible.Fdrepeatedly(28)ourpositiononthemap.Icouldn'tbeso(29)thatIwas

leadingmystudentsintheoppositedirection,couldI?

Ikeptmyfacecalm,butcondemningvoiceshadalready(30)inmyhead.Thekidswere(31),andtheir

leaderhadnoideawhichwaytogo.Whata(n)(32)Iwas!We'djuststartedwalkingagainwhenIsawa

hiker.Hetoldusexactlywherewewere.Thenhe(33)us,"You'reheadingintherightdirection.Justkeep

followingthispathandyou'llreachbasecampbynightfall."Hiswordsmademeregainmy(34).Atthat

moment,IrealizedIhadtoleamtobelievemyselfandnotletmyinnerbarriers(障碍)influencemy(35)

inthefuture.

21.A.comparisonB.satisfactionC.responsibilityD.failure

22.A.freedomB.tirednessC.safetyD.suffering

23.A.causedB.organizedC.raisedD.quieted

24.A.thinkofB.searchforC.getoverD.believein

25.A.smoothB.confusingC.terribleD.unfair

26.A.refuseB.inspireC.describeD.separate

27.A.proudlyB.thankfullyC.excitedlyD.anxiously

28.A.checkedB.exchangedC.plannedD.translated

29.A.carefulB.unprofessionalC.impoliteD.dishonest

30.A.disappearedB.hiddenC.restedD.started

31.A.similarB.boredC.helplessD.suitable

32.A.loserB.actorC.winnerD.expert

33.A.warnedB.introducedC.admiredD.comforted

34.A.healthB.confidenceC.regretD.kindness

35.A.honorB.imaginationC.judgmentD.pleasure

第n卷（非选择题）

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共30.0分)

36.阅读下黄豆文在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

DavidJonesJr.lovesoutdooractivities.Oneday,he(l)(fish)whenheheardscreamscomingfrom

theriver.Withinseconds,hefoundaboyfloatinginthemiddleoftheriver."Ihadthatsenseof

urgencythatIneededtodrop(2)Iwasdoingandkayaked(划)overthere,°saidDavid.

(3)wasDavid'sexperienceinlawenforcement(执行)thathelpedhimtostaycalmandmakethe

properdecisionduringtheserioussituation.Hequicklysavedthechildandtookhimbackto(4)

(safe)300yardsaway.Inaninterview,Davidsaid,"Thatkidisreallystrongandshould(5)

(praise).Forhim,toscreamasloudlyashecouldinthatmatterallowedhim(6)(get)help.1'

Theboylatertoldthepolicemanthathegotseparated(7)hisdad'ssailboatanddrifted(漂流)

away.Andhehad⑻(confident)toldhisparentbeforethathewouldswimbacktoshore，buthe

wasnotabletodosoduetothe⑼(power)windandwaves.Hehopedotherswimming(10)

(lover)couldlearnalessonfromhisexperience.

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

⑼

(10)

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、B、C

［解析］（1）细节理解题。根据文章GradeLevelCoordinator这一部分GradeLevelCoordinatorsoften

serveasreadersaswell,sovolunteerswishingtojoinusmusthavereadwithusatleastthreetimes（年

级协调人通常也会担任读书人，因此有意加入我们的志愿者必须有至少三次与我们一起阅读的经

历）可知，志愿者需要有俱乐部读者的阅读经历。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据文章TrainingCoordinators这一部分Theyareresponsibleforhelpingthe

teacherswithnewvolunteertraininginhowtobebetterpreparedandmoreeffectiveintheclassroomwith

thekids（他们负责帮助老师进行新的志愿者培训，让他们在课堂上更好地准备和更有效地与孩子

们在一起）可知，TrainingCoordinators可以学习到课堂管理技巧。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据文章SiteCoordinators这一部分Theyarriveat8：00amandmakesurethatthe

facilities,books,supplies,andvolunteerteamsareallreadysothatthechildrencanenjoyafundayof

readingandcrafts.（他们早上8点到达，确保设施、书籍、用品和志愿者团队都准备好了，这样孩

子们就可以享受阅读和手工的快乐一天）可知，SiteCoordinators可以帮助准备好所需的资料。故

选Co

本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了读书会招聘四个职位的志愿者。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对

未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事

例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】C、D、B、A

【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段BuiKatyaEchazarreta.anengineerandsciencecommunicator,

wasselectedbyanonprofitorganizationtojointhistravelfromapoolofthousandsofapplicants（申请

人）.Theorganization'sgoalistosendgreatleadersintospaceandallowthemtoexperiencetheoverview

effect,whichwasreportedbyastronautswhosaythatviewingtheEarthfromspacegivesthemagreat

changeintheirview.（但KatyaEcharreta,一名工程师和科学传播者，被一个非营利组织从成千上

万的申请者中挑选出来参加这次旅行。该组织的目标是将伟大的领袖送入太空，让他们体验概览

效应，宇航员曾报道过这一点，他们表示从太空观察地球会让他们的观点发生巨大变化。）可知，

工程师和科学传播者KatyaEchazarreta应该是自己行业内一位优秀的领袖，因此很优秀。故选C。

(2)细节理解题。根据第三段WhenIcamebackdown,itjustcompletelystrengthenedmywishto

continueenablingpeopleofdifferentbackgroundstogointospaceanddowhatevertheywanttodo.(当

我回来的时候，这完全加强了我的愿望：继续让不同背景的人进入太空，做他们想做的任何事。)

可知，从太空回来之后，Echazarreta想帮助更多的人进入太空。故选D。

(3)词句猜测题。根据第四段划线词所在的倒数第三句的后部分andafterthat,Ijuststudiedharder

(而且自那以后，我只是更努力地学习)可知，老师威胁她要留级反而激励了她努力学习，可知

划线单词所在句子Itjustreally___meandafterthat,Ijuststudiedharder的意思是：这

真的激励了我，在那之后，我更加努力地学习。因此划线单词的意思是：驱使，鼓励。A.Beat打

败；B.Drove驱使；C.Confused使迷惑；D.Attracted吸引中。选择B项合适。故选B。

(4)观点态度题。根据最后一段Thesedays,Echazarretaisstudyingforhermaster'sdegreein

engineeringatJohnsHopkinsUniversity.Shealsohasafollowingofmorethan30,000fansonTikTok,

andhostsascience-focusedYouTubeseries.(最近，Echazarreta正在约翰.霍普金斯大学攻读工程硕

士学位。她还在TikTok上拥有超过33万粉丝，并主持了一个以科学为主题的YouTube系列节目。)

可知，Echazarreta本来就很优秀的还在攻读学位，而且有那么多的粉丝，这说明她很勤奋，而且

她所做的事鼓舞人心，让大家备受鼓舞。A.Inspiringandhardworking.鼓舞人心和努力工作的；

B.Humorousandoutgoing.幽默外向的；C.Talentedandcreative.才华横溢且富有创造力的；

D.Calmandconfident.冷静而自信的。故洗A。

这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Katya氏hazarreta作为优秀代表被选入去太空，返回地球后她开始致力

于推广这一事业，以期更多的人能体验上太空。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对

未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事

例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

8〜11.【答案】B、A、C、D

【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第一段Andnewresearchmayexplainwhysomanyadolescentsstop

listeningtotheirmoms^oices.(新的研究或许可以解释为什么这么多青少年不再听妈妈的声音。)

可知，这项新研究关注的是青少年对妈妈的声音的回应。故选B项。

(2)推理判断题。根据第三段YouYejustbeingyouYou'vegotyournewfriendsandyouwanttospend

timewiththem.Youtakemorenoticeoftheseunfamiliarvoices,"Abramsadds.("你只是在做你自己：

有了新朋友，你想和他们待在一起。你会更加注意这些陌生的声音，“Abrams补充道。）可知，

Abrams的话表明青少年往往被不熟悉的声音吸引。故选A项。

（3）推理判断题。根据第四段Sotheirbrainsneedtobeginpayingmoreattentiontothatwider

world."That'sexactlywhatitshouldbelike,"Abramssays（所以他们的大脑需要开始更多地关注这

个更广阔的世界。Abrams说：”这正是它应该有的样子。”）可知，导致青少年大脑这种明显特征

的原因是他们越来越关注新鲜的事物。故选C项。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Thisishowtheadolescentbrainworks,andthere'sagoodreasonfor

t.（这就是青少年大脑的工作方式，这是有原因的。）可知，对于青少年社交偏好上的改变，作者

认为这是合乎情理的，可理解的。A.Itcanincreasetheirbrainactivity.它可以增加他们的大脑活动；

B.Itisconfusing.这令人困惑的；C.Itleadstofailureinlaterlife.它会在以后的生活中导致失败；

D.Itisunderstandable.这是可以理解的。故选D项。

这是一篇说明文。研究表明，青少年有时忽略妈妈的声音（话语），是因为在这一个阶段，他们

需要探索更广泛的世界，大脑的注意力也更关注不熟悉的声音。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对

未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事

例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

12〜15.【答案】A、D、D、B

【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Childrenmustbecomefamiliarwithnature,

orelsetheywillnotunderstandwhyitneedstobeprotected.（孩子们必须熟悉大自然，否则他们不会

理解为什么需要保护大自然。）可知，作者在第二段强调让孩子们接近大自然能提高孩子的环保

意识。故选A。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Buthowdoesoneteachachildtoknownature?

AnewseriesofeducationalbookscalledOutdoorSchoolmightbeabletohelp.Thisseriesincludesthree

textbooks,allofwhichofferawealthoffacts,skills,

andpicturesaboutthenaturalworldtocuriouschildren.TitledAnimalWatching,HikingandCamping,

andRock,Fossil,andShellHunting,thebooksprovidepagesformakingobservations,

answeringquestions,andreflecting（深思）onwhatthechildhaslearned.（但是如何教一个孩子认

识自然呢？一个叫做OutdoorSchool的新系列教育书籍可能会有所帮助。这一系列包括三本教科

书，所有这些教科书都为好奇的孩子提供了丰富的事实、技能和有关自然世界的图片。书名为《观

察动物》，徒步旅行和露营》，以及《岩石，化石和贝壳狩猎》提供了观察、回答问题和反思孩

子所学的内容。）可知，OutdoorSchool系列丛书用有益的方法加强自然教育。因此

D.Itstrengthenstheirnatureeducationwithusefulmethods.（它用有用的方法加强他们的自然教育。）

符合题意。故选D。

（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段IuseAnimalWatchingaspartoftheirdailylessonplan,

requiringmykidstoreadonechapter（章）adayandtakepartintheactivitiesoutlinedinthe

book.lthasbecomethehighlightoftheirday.Theyheadoutsidewiththebookandpencilinhandandob

servethecomingsandgoingsofbirdsandsmallanimalsinouryardortheparks.（我把《观察动物》作

为他们日常教学计划的一部分，要求我的孩子每天阅读一章，并参加书中概述的活动。这已经成

为他们一天中的亮点。他们手里拿着书和铅笔走到外面，观察我们院子里或公园里鸟儿和小动物

的来来往往。）可知，作者的孩子们通过阅读，增加了他们探索自然的兴趣。故选D。

（4）文章出处题。根据文章最后一段

Theseriessuitschildrenlivinginallsortsofenvironments.Thereisplentyofinformationaboutanimals,

rocksandshellsthatcaneasilybefoundinurbanparksor

shore!ines.OutdoorSchooldoesmorethanjustgetkidsoutintonature；itprovidesthem

withthetoolstoexploreandunderstandit.（该系列适合生活在各种环境中的儿童。有大量关于动物、

岩石和贝壳的信息，可以很容易地在城市公园或海岸线找到。户外学校不仅仅是让孩子们走进大

自然；它为他们提供了探索和理解它的工具。）可知本文为了帮助孩子们了解大自然，本文介绍

了"OutdoorSchool"儿童系列丛书。说明本文是一篇书评。A.Anewsreport.新闻报道；

B.Abookreview.书评；C.Ascientificstudy.一项科学研究；D.Anadvertisement.一个广告。故选B。

这是一篇说明文。为了帮助孩子们了解大自然，本文介绍了"OutdoorSchool"儿童系列丛书。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语

句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

16~20.【答案】F、C、G、D、B

［解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句Whenyourteacherassignsyoutoreadsomethingfromatextbook,

taketimetoreaditbeforeyoucometoclass.Ifyoudon'thavetimetoreaditwell,

it'sagoodideatolookthroughitsothatyouhaveanideaofwhatit'sabout（当你的老师让你读课本上

的东西时，在你上课之前花点时间读一读。如果你没有时间好好读，最好把它读一遍，这样你就

知道它是什么意思了），可知表示"然后你将准备好回答问题并参加讨论”的选项F符合前后的语

境，readsomethingfromatextbook和answerquestionsandtakepartindiscussions是关键词，故选F。

（2）推理判断题。根据前句Thenotesyoutakeinclasswillhelpyouknowwhatto

studybetweenclasses（你在课堂上做的笔记将帮助你知道在课间学习什么）；以及后句Instead,

paycarefulattentiontoanyinformationyourteachersuggestsislikelytobeincludedontests（相反，要

仔细注意老师建议的任何可能包含在考试中的信息），可知表示“不要试图把老师说的一切都写下

来”的选项C可以起到承上启下的作用，故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据前文Refertovarioussources.Whenstudyingyournotes,

youcannotonlyrefertothetextbooksbutuseInternetsearchestodeepenyourunderstanding（参考各

种来源。学习笔记时，你不仅可以参考课本，还可以使用互联网搜索来加深理解），可知表示“

有时你的主题会被来源于另一个材料的内容更好地解释”的选项G符合前后的语境,varioussources

和anothersource是关键词，故选G。

（4）推理判断题。根据后句Readtheinstructionsforthelabbeforeclass（上课前阅读实验室说明）,

可知表示”确保以正确、安全的方式进行实验”的选项D符合前后的语境，iheinstructionsforthelab

和can-youtexperimentsinaproperandsafeway是关键词，故选D。

（5）推理判断题。根据后文Inmostcases,

labexperimentsaremeanttobedonebyagroupof2ormorestudents.Thismeansthatyouprobablywo

n'thavetimetodothewholeexperimentonyourown,andwillneedtorelyonthegroup'sefforts（在大

多数情况下，实验室实验是由两个或更多的学生组成的小组完成的。这意味着你可能没有时间独

自完成整个实验，需要依靠小组的努力），可知表示”与他人有效合作”的选项B符合前后的语境，

agroupof2ormorestudents和withothers是关键词，故选B。

本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了几个在科学方面有效的学习技能。

这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文

语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。

21~35.【答案】C、A、D、C、A、B、D、A、B、D、C、A、D、B、C

【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理