2014春季八年级下册Unit4各知识点与总结-

2014春季八年级英语下册unit4Whydon’tyoutalkyourparent?第第②HerefusedwhenIaskedhimforhelp.A.saidyesB.saidnoC.saidhello【2013浙江宁波】74.Heinvitedhertohisbirthdaypartybutshe_______(拒绝).17.Insteadhewatcheswhateverhewantsuntillateatnight.相反，他却想看什么酒看什么，一直到深夜。【解析1】instead代替，反而，替(1)instead副词，代替，常放在句首或句尾,表示前面的事情没做，而做了后面的事情。LeewasillsoIwentinstead.李病了，所以我去了。(2)insteadof+n/doing代替，而不是，放在句中insteadof为介词短语，后面一般接名词、代词、介词短语或动名词形式。Shewrotetohiminsteadofcallinghim.=Shedidn’tcallhim.Shewrotetohiminstead.她没有给他打电话，而是给他写了封信。()Healthisveryimportanttous.Weshouldeatmorevegetablesandfruit_____richfood.A.insteadB.insteadofC.becauseofD.because【2011江苏徐州4】14.We’vegotnocoffee.Let’shavetea_______.A.either B.however C.yet D.instead【2013江苏盐城】59.Tokeepfit,weshouldhavemorevegetablesandfruit_________(代替)oftoomuchmeat.【解析2】whatever=nomatterwhat任何，每一【2013甘肃兰州】_________happens,Iwon’tchangemymind.(无论什么）18.Ifyourparentsarehavingproblems,youshouldoffertohelp.如果你的父母有问题，你应该主动提供帮助。【解析】offertodosth主动提出做某事【拓展】offerv主动给予(1)offertodosth主动提出做某事(2)offersb.sth=offersthtosb.主动提供给某人某物()Thelittleboy_____hisseattotheoldladyonthecrowdedbus.A.offeredB.broughtC.lentD.took【2013山东莱芜2】27. Thelittleboy________hisseattoanoldladyonthecrowdedbus.A.lent B.offered C.took D.brought19.Secondly,whydon’tyousitdownandcommunicatewithyourbrother?其次，你为什么不能坐下来和你的哥哥交流一下呢？【解析1】secondlyadv.第二；其次【解析2】communicatev交流communicationn交流；沟通communicatewithsb.和某人交流TheycommunicatewitheachotherbyQQ.()Theycan’tunderstandeachothersotheyhavedifficultyin_____.A.communicateB.communicatedC.communicating20.Youshouldexplainthatyoudon’tmindhimwatchingTVallthetime.你应该跟他解释说你并不介意他一直看电视。【解析】explain解释；说明→explanationn解释；说明explainsthtosb.向某人解释某事。explaintosbsth给某人解释某事【江苏扬州】Mr.Wualwaysspendsalotoftime__________(解释)thingstous.【2012浙江宁波】22.—Doyou________thatNancyhasbeenalittletooquietthesedays?—Yes.Shedidn'tevensayawordthisafternoon.A.hopeB.noticeC.explainD.decide21.I’mworriedaboutmyschoolgrades.我很胆小我的学习成绩。【解析】beworriedaboutsth.担心某事【拓展】worryv担心→worriedadj.焦急的worryabout=beworriedabout为……担心①Don’tbe_________(worry).You’llcatchupwithothers.()②Don’t____aboutthingssomuch.Itwillmakeyoustressedout.afraidB.worryC.worriedD.Terrified【2013绍兴】91.－Youlook_________.What'sup,sir?－Ican'tfindmyticket,butit'stimetocheckin.A.sleepyB.hungryC.tiredD.worried22.Mycousinborrowsmythingswithoutreturningthem.我堂弟借我东西没有还我。【解析】return⑴v归还=givebackreturn...to...=givebackto...把还给⑵v回来；返回=comeback【2012浙江宁波】Heborrowedmyiphone4anddidn’t________(归还）ittome.SectionB.Myparentsgivemealotofpresureaboutschool.我父母在学习上给了我很多压力。【解析】pressv按；压→pressure压力⑴不可数名词（物理学）压力airpressure气压bloodpressure血压⑵不可数名词还可指精神上、外界施加的压力=stressunderpressure在压力下Ihavetocompetewithmyclassmatesatschool.在学校我不得不和我的同学们竞争。【解析】competev竞争；对抗→competitionn竞争competewithsb.和某人竞争competeagainst/with与……竞争competefor为……参加比赛Wearereadyforthecoming________________(compete).Youshouldallbe___eachothertoimprove.你们都应该互相____而全面发展。【解析】improve=make...better改进→improvementn提高Whogivestheiropinionsabouttheproblem?对于这个问题都有谁提出了他们自己的观点。【解析】opinionn意见；想法；看法inone’sopinion以某人的观点；在某人看来giveopinionsaboutsth.给出关于某事的观点。5.Thesedays,Chinesechildrenaresometimesbusieronweekendsthanweekdaysbecausetheyhavetotakesomanyafter-schoolclasses.目前，中国的孩子有时周末比平常还要忙，因为他们不得不上那么多的课后辅导班。【解析】sometime/sometime/sometimes/sometimes【口诀】：分开是一段，合起是某时；分开s是倍次，合起s是有时(1)sometime一段时间，做时间状语Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多长时间(2)sometimeadv在某个时候，(3)sometimes名词词组，“几次，几倍”Mr.GreenwenttoSanyasometimeslastsummer.(4)sometimes=attimes有时（一般现在时的标志词）()IhopetovisittheUSA_____inthefuture.A.sometimesB.sometimesC.sometimeD.sometime【2013广西】Attimesanadcanleadyoutobuysomethingyoudon’tneedatall.soyouhavetobecareful.A.SometimeB.SometimesC.SometimeD.Sometimes6.Othersarepracticingsportssothattheycancompeteandwin.其他人正在练习体育运动，这样他们就能参与竞争并获胜。【解析】otherspron.“其他的人或事物”Thereareotherwaysofdoingit.做这事还有其他的办法。()Mysisterisoutgoing.Shelikesmakingfriendswith____.A.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.others7.TheTaylorsareatypicalAmericanfamily.泰勒一家是一个典型的美国之家。【解析1】TheTaylors泰勒一家。在姓氏的复数前加冠词the表示“全家人或夫妻两人”，使用时注意主语和谓语保持一致。TheBlacksaregettingreadyfortheholiday.【2012广东】____GreensarepreparingforthecomingThanksgivingDay.A./B.AC.AnD.The【解析】typical典型的betypicalof“是……的特点”8.MaybeIcouldcutoutafewoftheiractivities,butIbelievetheseactivitiesareimportantformychildren’sfuture.或许我可以减少他们的一些活动，但是我相信这些活动对孩子们的未来很重要。【解析】cutout删除；删去(v+adv)You’dbettercutoutthatsentence.cutup切碎cutdown砍到cutin插队cutoff切断（水、电）供应()Don’t___whenotherstalk;it’simpolite.A.cutoutB.cutinC.cutdownD.cutoff9.Ireallywantthemtobesuccessful.我真的很想他们成功。【解析】successful成功的【拓展】succeedv成功，达到→successn成功→successfuladj成功的→successfullyadv成功地◆succeedindoingsth①Ifatfirstyoudon’t____________(success).try,tryagain.()②Sheworksveryhard,soshewill____in____theexam.A.successful;passB.success;passingC.succeed;passingD.successful;passing【2013甘肃兰州】87.Detailsdecide______(成功)ornot.Ifwetakeeverythingseriously,we’llachieveourgoals.【2013贵州铜仁】85.—What’sthesecretofyour________（success）?—Workhard.【2013四川凉山】85.Afterhundredsofexperiments,Edison_______(成功)inventedthelightbulb.【2013山东青岛3】12.Itis______thatMr.Guosailedacrosstheworldbyhimself______withinabout130daysA.terrified,successful B.scary,successfullyC.amazing,successfully D.convincing,successful10.It’stimeforhomework.该写作业了。【解析】It’stimeforsth是到做某事的时候了。It’stimeforlunch.It’stimetodosthIt’stimetogotoschool.()It’s9:30pm.,children!_____istimetogotobed.A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.TheyInsomefamilies,competitionstartsveryyoungandcontinuesuntilthekidsgetolder.在有些家庭，竞争从孩子们很小的时候就开始了，一直持续到他们长大。【解析】continue继续；持续【拓展】continuedoingsth=goondoingsth继续做某事(前后做同一件事)continuetodosth=goontodosth继续做某事（前后不是同一件事）①Let’scontinue____________(read)thetext.②Manystudentshopetocontinue________(study)after_______(finish)school.（）③Thetwoteamscontinued_____thegameafterhalfanhour.A.playB.toplayC.playingD.played【拓展】continue，goon,last辨析⑴continuev.继续，持续，指进程在时间或空间上的延续，强调持续不断，有时也可以指短暂停止后继续进行。Hecontinuetheworkfortwodays.他连续两天都在做这项工作。⑵goon指无间歇或有间歇地继续，或以某种特定方式继续。goontodosth继续做某事，指开始做另外一件事；goondoingsth继续做原来所做的事情。Afterdoinghishomework,hewentontopreviewhislessons.做完家庭作业之后，他继续去预习他的研究。⑶lastv.持续，延续，维持，指某事物继续存在或某种现象在时间上延续，说明某一动作要延续一段时间。Shewon’tlastlonginthatjob.那个工作她做不了多久。12.Motherssendtheirsmallkidstoallkindsofclasses.妈妈们把她们的小孩子送去各种各样的辅导班。【解析1】send→sent→sentv发送【短语】：sendaway赶走sendfor派人去请sendoff寄出sendout分发sendup发射sendsb.sth=sendsthtosb.送给某人某物【注】类似的动词有：show(展示；给……看)give(给)lend(借出)offer（提供）return（归还）tell（告诉）()①Youfillinbothpartsoftheform,then_____.A.sendupitB.sendforitC.senditawayD.senditoff()Pleasesendaphotoofyourfamily____me.A.forB.atC.toD.with【2011四川绵阳】15.Drunkendriveisdangerous,isn’tit?Yeah.Thatwhydrunkendrivers_____toprisonevenwithoutcausingaccidents.A.sentB.aresentC.sendD.aresending【解析2】allkindsof各种各样的【拓展】kind(1)n种类kindof+adj.有点，有几分，kindofcold有点冷akindof一种的，某种的allkindsof各种各样的differentkindsof不同种类的Whatkindof…?那种(2)adj.友好的bekindtosb.=begoodtosb.=befriendlytosb.对某人友好【辨析】kindof与kindsof:eq\o\ac(○,1)kindof单独用，表示“有点”，后接形容词或副词：Heiskindofthin.”他有点瘦”Ifeelkindofhungry.”我有点饿”UncleWangspeakskindofquickly.王叔叔说得有点快。eq\o\ac(○,2)若kindof前有a,this,that,what等，译为“种，种类”后加名词。Thatkindofquestionisdifficulttoanswer.那类问题难回答。Whatkindofsportdoyoulikebest?你最喜欢何种运动？()①Thiskindofskirtlooks___andsells_____.A.nice;wellB.nice;goodC.well;wellD.good;nice()②—What____animalsdoyoulike?—Monkeys.Ithinkthey’re_____clever.A.kindof;kindofB.akindof;akindofC.kindof;akindD.akindof;kindof()③—It’sgoingtorain.Letmefetchanumbrellaforyou.—Thankyou!Youareso____.A.luckyB.kindC.relaxedD.Interesting【2013浙江台州】17.—IwanttoseethemovieIronMan3(《钢铁3》).Doyouknowthe______oftheticket?—Yes.Fivedollars.A.number B.price C.kind D.name13.Kidsshouldhavetimetorelaxandthinkforthemselves,too.孩子们也应该有时间放松和独立思考。【解析】havetimetodosth有时间做某事()Doyouhavetime_____thisgamewithus?A.toplayB.playC.playingD.playedAndtheyarealwayscomparingthemwithotherchildren.她们总是把自己的孩子和其他的孩子作比较。【解析】compareAwithB将A和B比较(1)compare…with…把……与…..做比较(2)compare…to…把…..比做……()①.Peopleoftencompareateacheracandle.A.toB.intoC.asD.with()②.It’snecessaryEnglishChineseinEnglishstudy.A.compare;toB.tocompare;withC.comparing;toD.tocompare;into【2011四川广元】—Whyaremostchildrenundertoomuchpressure?—Becausetheirparentsalwayscomparethem___others.A.WithB.byC.to15.Doctorssaytoomuchpressureisnotgoodforachild’sdevelopment.医生说太多的压力不利于孩子们的发展。【解析1】begoodfor对有好处【拓展】good(better;best)adj.好的→goodnessn好处；善行；美德begoodfor对….有益处（反）bebadfor对…有害处begoodat+n/doing=dowellin+n/doing擅长于做某事begoodtosb.=bekindto=befriendlytosb.对某人友好【记】Theboyisgood______me.Heisgood______English,andhetellsmeoralpracticeisgood______improvespokenEnglish.【新疆中考】Ithinkdrinkingmilkisgood____ourhealth.A.forB.toC.withD.at【湖北咸宁】—Ithinkdrinkingmilkeverymorningisgood____ourhealth.—Yes,Iagree_____you.A.to;toB.with;toC.at;withD.for;with【山东临沂】Englishismyfavoritesubjiect,andIamgood___it.A.forB.toC.atD.of【解析2】development发展【2012江苏泰州】Goodhabitsaregoodforthe___________(develop)ofusteenagers.【2012江苏盐城】The____________(develop)ofsciencehaschangedourworldalot.16.Dr.AliceGreensaysalltheseactivitiescancausealotofstressforchildren.爱丽丝.格林医生说所有的这些活动可能给孩子们带来很多压力。【解析】causev.造成，使发生(1)causesb.todosth使某人做某事(2)causesb.forsb.给某人添麻烦()①Shealways___trouble___people.A.cause;toB.cause;forC.causing;toD.causing;for()②Everyyeardrivingafterdrinkingwine____alotoftrafficaccidents.A.happensB.providesC.causes【拓展】cause,reason,excuse辨析⑴causen.原因，指引起某种结果的“原因”，后接介词of.Thecauseoftheaccidentwasthefactthathewasdrivingtoofast.事故的原因是他开车开的太快。⑵reasonn.理由，原因，指决定做某事或采取某项行动的理由。Thereasonhewasdrivingsofastwasthathedidn’twanttomissanimportantmeeting.他开车如此快的原因是他不想错过一个重要的会议。⑶excusen.辩解，借口，指对某种行为所做的解释，可以是真的，也可以是托词。Hemadeagoodexcuseforhisdriving.他为自己开快车找了一个堂皇的借口。()What___theflowerstodie?A.madeB.hadC.causedD.get()Doyouoften___trouble____yourparents?A.get;intoB.pay;forC.cause;forD.give;to17.Inmyopinion,itisimportantforchildren/parentsto...我认为，对于孩子们/父母来说，是重要的。【解析】inone’sopinion以某人的观点；在某人看来18.Perhapschildren/parentsshould/could或许孩子们/父母应该/可能【解析】perhaps也许；可能【拓展】perhaps，probably，possibly，maybe辨析⑴perhaps意为“也许，可能”，一般指比较小的可能性。PerhapsIwillseehimthedayaftertomorrow,butIamnotsure.也许我后天去看他，不过我不能确定。⑵probably“很可能，大概”，其可能性