无锡市洛社高级中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

无锡市洛社高级中学2021-2022学年第一学期期中考试高二英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthehospital.B.Intheoffice.C.Athome.2Whatdoesthemanwanttodoactually?A.Goandbuyanewcomputer.B.Havehiscomputerrepaired.C.Getsomerestathome.3.Whendoesthemanthinkthewomanshouldcometoseehimthismorning?A.Between10:00and11:00.B.Between11:00and11:30.C.Between11:30andnoon.4.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A.Paintingherbedroom.B.Recommendingacolor.C.Choosingpaint.5.Whatdoesthearticlethemanreadsayaboutpandas?A.Theylikeeatingsweetthings.B.Theyareindangerofdyingout.C.Theyareinneedofmorebamboo.第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至7题。6.Whatotheritemsdoesthewomanlookforaftershegotalmosteverything?A.ChinesevinegarandJapanesesoysauce.B.Somenewspapersandpostcards.C.Somepotatoesandbananas.7.Howmuchdoesthewomanneedtopayinall?A.$43.B.$46.10.C.$46.70.听下面一段对话，回答第8至9题。8.Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A.Acardealer.B.Asalesman.C.Amechanic.9.Whydoesthemancheckhisnotebook?A.Tofindhisschedule.B.Tohavethewomansignhername.C.Totellthewomanaboutameeting.听下面一段对话，回答第10至12题。10.WhywillthewomangotoBrazil?A.TowatchtheRoboCup.B.Totakepartinacompetition.C.Totakeavacationwithherfamily.11.WhatisMarkcrazyabout?A.Football.B.Robots.C.Traveling.12.HowmanytimeshasMark’steamtakenpartintheRoboCupbefore?ATwice.B.Threetimes.C.Fourtimes.听下面一段对话，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthemanplanningtodothissummer?A.Takeajobtopayhisschoolfees.B.Spendthesummerwithhisparents.C.WorkasavolunteerinSouthAmerica.14.Whichyearofcollegewillthemanbein?A.Thefirstyear.B.Thesecondyear.C.Thethirdyear.15.Whydoesn’tthewomanwanttogetaloan?A.Theloanrateistoohigh.B.Theprocedureiscomplex.C.Shehatestohavedebt.16.Whatsuggestiondoesthemangivetothewoman?A.Askingforhelpwithherschoolfees.B.Takingapart-timejobathome.C.Studyingfull-time.听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。17.Whencanthestudentsvisitthelanguagelaboratory?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.18.WhatlessonsdothestudentshaveonThursdaymorning?A.Listeningandcurrentaffairs.B.Pronunciationandvocabulary.C.Writingandcomputing.19.Howmanyspeakingskillslessonsdothestudentshaveinaweek?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.20.Howlongcanthestudentsstayinthelibraryeveryweekday?A.Twohours.B.Twoandahalfhours.C.Threehours.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANotice:MedicalAlertDearReader,Medicalrelatedemergenciesareontherise.Moreseniorsareseekinganindependentlifestyleandbetterquality-of-life.Over1in3peopleovertheageof64willfallthisyear.Nearlyhalfwillnotbeabletogetupwithoutsupport.Medicalexpensescanescalatewhenapersonisnotgiventimelysupport.Youcanpreventamedicalcatastrophewithour24-houremergencyresponsesystem.Oursolutionishighlyrecommendedbydoctors,healthcareprofessionals,andhospitals.WeareofferingaFREEMedicalAlertSystemtoseniorsortheirlovedoneswhocallnow.Foralimitedtime,therewillbenoset-upfeesandthemedicalmonitoringstartsatlessthanadollaraday.ThesystemisTop-Rankedandeasy-to-use.Thependantis100%waterproofanditcantravelwithyou.Ournewsystemcandetectfallsautomatically.CallToll-Free1-800-360-0405andgainpeaceofmind.Thereisnolong-termcontract.Ourmedicalalertprofessionalscanwalkyouthrougheverythingoverthephone.Thefirst100callerstoorderwillreceive:●FreeMedicalAlertSystem($300Value)●24HoursaDay/7DaysaWeekLIVEMonitoringandSupport●FreeWaterproofNecklacePendantorWristband●NoLong-TermContract●FreeShipping(MentionReader’sDigest)Don’twaituntilafterafalltogiveusacall.Takeadvantageofthisspecialoffernowtoprotectyourselforalovedone.CallNowToll-Free1-800-360-0405andmention“Reader’sDigest”.Sincerely,JimNelsonPresident1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutthemedicalalertsystem?A.Peoplecanbuyitfromhospitalsatthesameprice.B.Itsservicerunsinthedaytimeandsuspendsatnight.C.Allmedicalseriouseventscanbeavoidedafterusingit.D.Theusersofitwillbegiventimelysupportonthephone.2.Whichofthefollowingisincludedinanearlybirddeal?A.Noset-upfees. B.Long-termcontract.C.Shippingfeediscount. D.Awater-proofnecklace.3.Whomightmakeacallafterreadingtheadvertisement?A.astudentwhomakestroublesatschool B.adoctorwhospecializesinheartdiseaseC.afatherwhocaresforhisyoungdaughter D.ateacherwhoworriesabouthiselderlyfather【答案】1.D2.A3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。本文介绍了MedicalAlert警报系统，介绍了该系统对独居老人有帮助以及相关优惠政策等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Medicalexpensescanescalatewhenapersonisnotgiventimelysupport.Youcanpreventamedicaltragedywithour24-houremergencyresponsesystem.(如果一个人没有得到及时的支持，医疗费用就会增加。我们的24小时应急系统可以防止医疗灾难的发生)”可知，使用该系统可以及时获得电话支持，D选项正确。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“WeareofferingaFREEMedicalAlertSystemtoseniorsortheirlovedoneswhocallnow.Foralimitedtime,therewillbenoset-upfeesandthemedicalmonitoringstartsatlessthanadollaraday.(现在打电话我们将提供一个免费的医疗警报系统给老年人或他们的亲人。在限定时间内，将不收取安装费用，医疗监测开始时每天不到一美元)”可知，早订购该系统的优惠包括免除安装费用，故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Medicalrelatedemergenciesareontherise.Moreseniorsareseekinganindependentlifestyleandbetterqualityoflife.Over1in3peopleovertheageof64willfallthisyear.Nearlyhalfwillnotbeabletogetupwithoutsupport.(与医疗有关的紧急情况正在增加。越来越多的老年人正在寻求独立的生活方式和更好的生活质量。今年，超过三分之一的64岁以上的人在家跌倒。将近一半的人没有人支撑就站不起来)”可知老人容易跌倒且不容易站起来，这样造成了许多的紧急情况，结合第三段“Ournewsystemcandetectfallsautomatically.(我们的新系统能自动侦测跌倒情况)”和第二段“Medicalexpensescanescalatewhenapersonisnotgiventimelysupport.Youcanpreventamedicaltragedywithour24-houremergencyresponsesystem.(如果一个人得不到及时的支持，医疗费用可能会上升。我们的24小时应急系统可以防止医疗灾难的发生)”结合本文介绍的MedicalAlert警报系统可以自动侦测老年人跌倒的情况，并及时做出响应，由此可知，担心年迈爸爸的教师读完这个广告会打电话了解或订购。故选D。BAndrewGreydoesn’tfitmostpeople’sideaofanastronomer.Heworksinacarrepairshop,notinalaboruniversity,yettheAustralianrepairmandiscoveredastarsystemhidingindatafromNASA’sKeplerspacetelescope.Mr.Greyisoneofmillionsofcitizenscientistshelpingresearcherstoexpandcollectiveunderstanding.Forcenturies,onlyafewordinarypeoplehadbeencontributingtoscience,butadvancesintechnologyhavebroughtahigherlevelofdemocratization(民主化)toscience.“Thisisacollaborative(合作的)effortthatanyonecouldgetinvolvedin,”saysChrisLincoln,anOxfordUniversityastrophysicist(天体物理学家)andcofounderofZooniverse,aplatformthathostsdozensofcitizenscienceprojects.Citizenscientistscancontributetobreakthroughsinalmostanyfield,fromecologytoastrophysics.“Aslongaspatternrecognitionisinvolved,therearenolimitstowhatcanbecomeacitizenscienceproject,”Dr.Lintonsays.“Anyonecanidentifypatternsinimages,graphs,orevenseeminglyboringdataafterashorttutorial.Machinelearningallowscomputerstodosomepatternrecognition.Buthumans,particularlyamateurscientists,don’tstayfocusedonwhatthey’resupposedto.Andthat’sgood,becausepeoplewhodothatnoticetheunusualthingsinsdataset.“Andcitizensciencedoesn’thavetobedirectedbyascientist,”saysSheilaJasanoff,directoroftheProgramonScience,TechnologyandSocietyatHarvardUniversity.“Citizensproducingknowledgeinplaceswhereofficialorganshavefailedthencanalsobecitizenscientists,”shesays.That’swhathappenedinFlint,Michigan,whenalocalmotherstarteddrinkingwaterteststhatcausedabroaderinvestigationofleadlevels.Citizen-poweredresearchisasoldasscientificinquiry.Forcenturiesbeforesciencebecameprofessionalized,regularpeoplelookedforpatternsintheworldaroundthem.Despitealotofadvancedequipmentandcomputermodels,scientistsstillwelcomehelpfromeverydaypeople.Asaprofessionalscientisthimself,Lintottsays,“Peoplethinkthatwereintelligent,butscienceiseasyandweneedyourhelp.”4.Whatmadecitizenscientistsappear?A.Thehighlevelofscienceprojects B.Thedevelopmentoftechnology.C.Thesupportofthegovernment. D.ThefoundationofZooniverse.5.Whatisahumanadvantageinpatternrecognitioncomparedwithmachines?A.Humanscanidentifypatternsmareswiftly.B.Humansfocustheirattentionondata.C.Humanscanobserveuncommonthings.D.Humanshavestrongeremotions.6.WhatisLincon’sattitudetowardscitizenscience?A.Favorable. B.Cautious.C.Indifferent. D.Doubtful.7Whatwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A.Citizenscientistscanbeintelligent. B.Scienceisimportanttoeveryone.C.Anyonecanbeascientist. D.Scienceiseverywhere.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了这样的观点：科学研究并不专属于科学家，平民科学家对科学研究也有很大的帮助。【4题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的Forcenturies,onlyafewordinarypeoplehadbeencontributingtoscience,butadvancesintechnologyhavebroughtahigherlevelofdemocratizationtoscience.（几个世纪以来，只有少数普通人对科学作出了贡献，但技术的进步使科学的民主化程度提高了。）可知，由于科技的发展使得科学趋于民主化，更多的平民才能接触到科学。故选B项。【5题详解】推理判断题。由第四段中的Machinelearningallowscomputerstodosomepatternrecognition.Buthumans,particularlyamateurscientists,don’tstayfocusedonwhatthey’resupposedto.Andthat’sgood,becausepeoplewhodothatnoticetheunusualthingsinadataset.（机器学习允许计算机进行一些模式识别。但是人类，尤其是业余科学家，不会专注于他们应该做的事情。这很好，因为这样做的人会注意到数据集中不寻常的东西。）可推知，和机器相比，人更能注意到数据里一些特殊的东西。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的Asaprofessionalscientisthimself,Lintottsays,“Peoplethinkthatwe’reintelligent,butscienceiseasyandweneedyourhelp”（作为一名专业的科学家，Lintott说:“人们认为我们很聪明，但是科学很简单，我们需要你的帮助。”）可推知，Lintott认为科学家需要这些平民科学家的帮助，因此Lintott对平民科学是非常赞同的。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段通过对AndrewGrey这位平民科学家的介绍来引出全文；第二段中的Mr.Greyisoneofmillionsofcitizenscientistshelpingresearcherstoexpandcollectiveunderstanding.说明这样的平民科学家目前有很多；第五段中的Andcitizensciencedoesn’thavetobedirectedbyascientist说明想成为平民科学家并不难。再通过下文中regularpeople,helpfromeverydaypeople,scienceiseasy这些字眼可判断，文章主要讲述了普通人也可以研究科学，成为科学家，C项Anyonecanbeascientist.很好地概括了全文的主旨大意。故选C项。【点睛】阅读理解技巧之态度推理好判断态度只分为三大类：支持、赞同、乐观；客观、中立；反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。识别态度有以下方法：找文中带有感情色彩的名次、动词、形容词、副词；根据作者举的例子判断等。比如文章第3小题：3.WhatisLincon’sattitudetowardscitizenscience?A.Favorable.B.Cautious.C.Indifferent.D.Doubtful.在涉及本题的文段中：Asaprofessionalscientisthimself,Lintottsays,“Peoplethinkthatwereintelligent,butscienceiseasyandweneedyourhelp.”“weneedyourhelp（我们需要你们的帮助）”揭示了他的态度：接受支持平民科学家。因此，不难选择，A项为正确答案。CJiangsuprovincehasbeentestingacolor-codedsystemthisyeartoindicaterisksfacingchildrenwholiveindifficultconditionsandtoofferspecifichelptothem.Inthefour-tiersystem,redrepresentsthemostsevereconditionsandthatcivilaffairsdepartmentsmustinterveneimmediately.Itisfollowedbyyellow,blueandgreen.XiaoJing,notherrealname,wasrecentlyaddedtothesystem.The10-year-oldisanorphaninfectedwithHIV.ShehasbeenlivinginthesmallercityofXinghuawithhergrandparentssincehermotherdiedfromAIDSandherfather,whoalsohasAIDS,abandonedher.Despitetheirdifficulties,thefamilydidnotapplyforgovernmentassistancebecausetheyfearedthatfillinginthepaperworkwouldspreadwordofthegirl’shealthproblem.Xinghua’scivilaffairsdepartmentfoundXiaoJinginJunebycombingthroughbigdata.Theysentworkerstoherhomeandcompletedthepaperworkintwodayswithoutrevealinginformationtothepublic.Thefamilynowhasaccesstofinancialassistanceandprofessionalpsychologicalhelp.WangXiongli,deputydirectoroftheChildrenAffairsOfficeoftheJiangsuCivilAffairsDepartment,saidthatinthepastmanyfamiliesindifficultyeitherdeclinedordidnotknowhowtoapplyforgovernmentassistance.“Manychildrenhavetolivewiththeirgrandparentsaftertheirparentsleftthembecauseofhealthproblems,drugissuesorbeingimprisoned,”hesaid.“Seniorcitizensusuallydon’tknowtheapplicationprocedures.”“Butnow,wedon'tneedthemtoapplyorfillindocumentsbeforegivingassistance,”Wangsaid.“Wefindchildrenwhomayneedhelpbyusingbigdatafrommanyagencies.Weevaluatetheirconditionandsendsocialworkerstotheirhomestoconfirmthefindings.Afterthat,weconsultwithexpertstomakeplansforallofthechildrenwhotrulyneedhelp.”Inearly2020,JiangsuprovincechoseNanjing,TaizhouandYanchengtopilotthecolor-codedsystem.InTaizhou,4,319childrenlivinginpovertywereaddedtothecivilaffairsdepartmentssystemthisyear,joiningchildrenpreviouslyreceivingaidtomakeatotalof10,367childrennowregisteredinthecity’scolor-codedsystem.8.WhichcolormayrepresentXiaoJing’sconditioninthecolor-codedsystem?A.Green. B.Blue. C.Yellow. D.Red.9.Whydidn’tXiaoJing’sgrandparentsapplyforgovernmentassistanceatfirst？A.Becausetheydidn’tknowhowtodo. B.Becausetheythoughtitwasashame.C.Becausetheywantedtoprotectthegirl. D.Becausetheycouldn’tfillinthepaperwork.10.AccordingtoWangXiongli,whathascontributedalotinfindingthesechildren?A.Bigdata B.Socialworkers C.Experts D.Color-codedsystem11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.HopesforthechildrenwithAIDsandtheirparentsB.RisksfacingchildrenwholiveindifficultconditionsC.Jiangsutestscolor-codedsystemtoaidchildreninneedD.Thejointeffortofthewholesocietyinhelpingchildren【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。江苏省今年一直在测试一种颜色编码系统，以表明生活条件困难的儿童面临的风险，并为他们提供具体的帮助。文章以一名感染了艾滋病毒的孤儿小静为例，解释了这一系统的运作过程以及相关人员对此的看法。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Inthefour-tiersystem,redrepresentsthemostsevereconditionsandthatcivilaffairsdepartmentsmustinterveneimmediately.Itisfollowedbyyellow,blueandgreen.(在四级体制中，红色代表最严峻的情况，民政部门必须立即介入。其次是黄色、蓝色和绿色)”以及第三段“XiaoJing,notherrealname,wasrecentlyaddedtothesystem.The10-year-oldisanorphaninfectedwithHIV.ShehasbeenlivinginthesmallercityofXinghuawithhergrandparentssincehermotherdiedfromAIDSandherfather,whoalsohasAIDS,abandonedher.(小静最近也被加入了该系统。这名10岁的女孩是一名感染了艾滋病毒的孤儿。自从她的母亲死于艾滋病，同样患有艾滋病的父亲抛弃了她之后，她一直和祖父母住在较小的城市兴华)”并且后来民政部门是通过大数据找到小静的，可推知，在颜色编码系统中，红色可以代表小静的情况。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Despitetheirdifficulties,thefamilydidnotapplyforgovernmentassistancebecausetheyfearedthatfillinginthepaperworkwouldspreadwordofthegirl’shealthproblem.(尽管困难重重，但这家人没有申请政府援助，因为他们担心填写这些文件会让人知道女孩的健康问题)”可知，小静的祖父母一开始不申请政府援助因为他们想保护这个女孩。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Wefindchildrenwhomayneedhelpbyusingbigdatafrommanyagencies.(我们通过使用来自许多机构的大数据来寻找可能需要帮助的儿童)”可知，王雄利表示，在寻找这些孩子的过程中，大数据做出了很大贡献。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Jiangsuprovincehasbeentestingacolor-codedsystemthisyeartoindicaterisksfacingchildrenwholiveindifficultconditionsandtoofferspecifichelptothem.(江苏省今年一直在测试一种颜色编码系统，以表明生活条件困难的儿童面临的风险，并为他们提供具体的帮助)”结合文章以一名感染了艾滋病毒的孤儿小静为例，解释了这一系统的运作过程以及相关人员对此的看法。可知，C选项“江苏测试彩色编码系统救助需要帮助的儿童”最符合文章标题。故选C。DThegirlstoppedandlookedasifshemightrunawayinsurprise,butinsteadstoodthereregardingMontagwitheyessodarkandshiningandalivethathefelthehadsaidsomethingquitewonderful.Butheknewhismouthhadonlymovedtosayhello.“Ofcourse,”hesaid,“you’reournewneighbor,aren’tyou?”“Andyoumustbe”—sheraisedhereyesfromhisprofessionalsymbols“—thefireman.”Hervoicetrailedoff.“Howstrangelyyousaythat.”“I’d—I’dhaveknownitwithmyeyesshut,”shesaid,slowly.“What—thesmellofkerosene?Mywifealwayscomplains,”helaughed.“Youneverwashitoffcompletely.”“No,youdon’t,”shesaid,inawe.Hefeltthegirl’snervousnessandlaughed,“Kerosene,isnothingbutperfumetome.”Thenhecontinued,“Whatareyoudoingoutsolatewanderingaround?Howoldareyou?”Therewasonlythegirlwalkingwithhimnow,herfacebrightassnowinthemoonlight,andheknewshewasworkinghisquestionsaround,seekingthebestanswersshecouldpossiblygive.“Well,”shesaid,“I’mseventeenandI’mcrazy.Myunclesaysthetwoalwaysgotogether.Whenpeopleaskyourage,hesaid,alwayssayseventeenandinsane.Isn’tthisanicetimeofnighttowalk?Iliketosmellthingsandlookatthings,andsometimesstayupallnightwalking,andwatchthesunrise.”Theywalkedonagaininsilenceandfinallyshesaid,thoughtfully,“Youknow,I’mnotafraidofyouatall.”Hewassurprised.“Whyshouldyoube?”“Somanypeopleareafraidoffiremen,Imean.Butyou’rejustaman,afterall...DoyoumindifIask?Howlonghaveyouworkedatbeingafireman?”“SinceIwastwenty,tenyearsago.”“Doyoueverreadanyofthebooksyouburn?”Helaughed.“That’sagainstthelaw!It’sfinework.MondayburnMillay,WednesdayWhitman,FridayFaulkner,burnthemtoashes,thenburntheashes.That’sourofficialslogan.”12.HowoldisMontag?A.30. B.27. C.20. D.45.13.Howdidthegirlreactwhenthemangreetedheratfirst?A.Shewasdeeplymoved. B.Sheranawayimmediately.C.Shestoppedlookingathim. D.Shewasabitfrightened.14.Whatcanweinferfromtheuncle’swords?A.Girlsattheageof17weremorelikelytofeelcrazy.B.Thegirlwasactuallymorethanorlessthan17yearsold.C.17wasconsideredanunluckynumberthatmaydepresspeople.D.Itwasagoodmannerforgirlstosay17whenpeopleaskedtheirages.15.Inthestory,thefireman’sdutyisto________.A.putoutfires B.burnbooks C.upholdthelaw D.shoutslogans【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了女孩遇到了以烧书为职责的“消防员”Montag，主要描写了二人的对话。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“SinceIwastwenty,tenyearsago.(从我20岁，十年前开始的)”可知，Montag有20+10=30岁。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段““Andyoumustbe”—sheraisedhereyesfromhisprofessionalsymbols“—thefireman.”Hervoicetrailedoff.(“你一定是”——她抬起眼睛，不再去看他那职业的象征——“那个消防员。”她的声音变小了)”以及第八段中“Hefeltthegirl’snervousness(他感觉到女孩的紧张)”可推知，当那个男人第一次和女孩打招呼时，她有点害怕。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第九段“Therewasonlythegirlwalkingwithhimnow,herfacebrightassnowinthemoonlight,andheknewshewasworkinghisquestionsaround,seekingthebestanswersshecouldpossiblygive.(现在只有那个女孩和他走在一起，她的脸在月光下像雪一样明亮，他知道她正在周围研究他的问题，寻求她能给出的最好的答案)”以及第十段中“Myunclesaysthetwoalwaysgotogether.Whenpeopleaskyourage,hesaid,alwayssayseventeenandinsane.(我叔叔说这两者总是一起的。他说，当人们问你的年龄时，总要说是17岁，而且有点疯)”可推知，叔叔的话表明，这个女孩实际上已经超过或不到17岁。故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Doyoueverreadanyofthebooksyouburn?”(“你读过你烧掉的书吗？”)”以及最后一段中“MondayburnMillay,WednesdayWhitman,FridayFaulkner,burnthemtoashes,thenburntheashes.(星期一烧米莱，星期三烧惠特曼，星期五烧福克纳，把它们烧成灰烬)”可知，在这个故事中，消防队员的职责是烧书。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Thelatestthinginarchitectureisgreenbuildings—coveringwallsandroofswithacarpetofplantstopreventheat,absorbrainandprovideahomeforwildlife.Manysuchbuildingsneedcomplexsystemsforholdingandirrigatingthesoil.____16____Ivyisagroupofevergreenclimbingplants,whosepowertoliveishardtobeat.Firstly,itcanliveinalmostanysurroundings,whetherinshadeorfullsun.____17____Itgrowswellinbothdryanddampsoil.Moreover,itdoesn'tneedsupportsasitgrowsaerialrootsthatcanbeattachedtomostthings.Forthesereasons,ivycanbewidelygrowntobeautifyanuglywallorafence.____18____Itisaheavenforbeesandbutterfliesinsummeranditsberriesareavaluablefoodsourceforbirdsinwinter.However,therearesomeconcernsaboutgrowingivy.Ivyhasareputationfordamagingbuildings,butaccordingtotheUK'sRoyalHorticulturalSociety,thisdoesn'tusuallyhappenunlessthewallsalreadyhavecracks.____19____ButBlanusaattheUniversityofReading,UK,whohasexaminedtheeffectsofplantclimbers,findsthativyraiseshumiditynexttothewallbyonlyasmallamount.___20___Onceivyhasbeeninthegroundforafewyears,itcangrowoutofcontrol.Justdon'tletitgetthebetterofyou.A.Growingivycanbringaddedbenefits.B.Therefore,Istronglyopposegrowingivy.C.Theotherfearisthatitcanmakewallsdamp.D.Besides,itcanbetolerantofvariouskindsofsoil.E.Anyway,youdoneedtobecarefulingrowingivy.F.Anivy-coveredwallwillslightlywarmaroominwinter.G.However,thereisamucheasierapproach:growingsomeivy.【答案】16.G17.D18.A19.C20.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了常春藤可以用于覆盖墙壁和屋顶以防止热量、吸收雨水并为野生动物提供家园，介绍了常春藤的好处和一些可能存在的潜在问题。【16题详解】根据上文“Thelatestthinginarchitectureisgreenbuildings—coveringwallsandroofswithacarpetofplantstopreventheat,absorbrainandprovideahomeforwildlife.Manysuchbuildingsneedcomplexsystemsforholdingandirrigatingthesoil.(最新的建筑是绿色建筑——用植物覆盖墙壁和屋顶以防止热量、吸收雨水并为野生动物提供家园。许多这样的建筑需要复杂的系统来保持和灌溉土壤)”结合后文主要介绍了常春藤的种植事项，可知，本句与上文构成转折，提出可以种常春藤的办法。故G选项“然而，有一个更简单的方法：种一些常春藤”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据后文“Itgrowswellinbothdryanddampsoil.(它在干燥和潮湿的土壤里都长得很好)”可知，常春藤可以适应各种土壤，D选项中soil与后文中soil相对应。故D选项“此外，它能忍受各种土壤”符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】根据上文“Forthesereasons,ivycanbewidelygrowntobeautifyanuglywallorafence.(由于这些原因，常青藤可以广泛种植来美化一堵丑陋的墙或篱笆)”以及后文“Itisaheavenforbeesandbutterfliesinsummeranditsberriesareavaluablefoodsourceforbirdsinwinter.(夏天它是蜜蜂和蝴蝶的天堂，冬天它的浆果是鸟类宝贵的食物来源)”可知，上文总结了常春藤本身的优点，后文则提到了它对其他动物的好处，可知本句旨在说明常春藤还可以带来额外的好处。故A选项“种植常青藤可以带来额外的好处”符合语境，故选A。【19题详解】根据上文“However,therearesomeconcernsaboutgrowingivy.Ivyhasareputationfordamagingbuildings,butaccordingtotheUK'sRoyalHorticulturalSociety,thisdoesn'tusuallyhappenunlessthewallsalreadyhavecracks.(然而，长常春藤也有一些问题。常青藤素有破坏建筑的名声，但根据英国皇家园艺学会的说法，这种情况通常不会发生，除非墙壁已经出现裂缝)”以及后文“ButBlanusaattheUniversityofReading,UK,whohasexaminedtheeffectsofplantclimbers,findsthativyraiseshumiditynexttothewallbyonlyasmallamount.(但是英国雷丁大学的Blanusa在研究了植物攀缘植物的影响后发现，常春藤只增加了墙边湿度的一小部分)”可知，本段主要是关于种植常春藤可能导致的问题，且后文提到了常春藤会增加墙边湿度，可知本句是在说明常春藤会使墙壁潮湿的问题，C选项中fear对应上文中concerns，damp对应后文humidity。故C选项“另一个担心是它会使墙壁潮湿”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据后文“Onceivyhasbeeninthegroundforafewyears,itcangrowoutofcontrol.Justdon'tletitgetthebetterofyou.(一旦常春藤在地下生长了几年，它就会不受控制地生长。别让这事影响了你)”可知，后文提到常春藤会不受控制地生长，可推知本句是在说明种植常春藤要慎重小心。故E选项“不管怎样，你在种常春藤时确实需要小心”符合语境，故选E。第三部分语言运用(共三节,满分40分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)Thelionsandleopards(豹)ofanationalparkinIndianormallydonotgetalong.They___21___eachotherforspaceandfood.Butaboutayearago,ayounglionessinthepark___22___ababyleopard.The2-month-oldbabywithbrownearsandblueeyeswas___23___,andthelionessspentweeksnursing,___24___andcaringforhimuntilhedied.Shetreatedhimasifhewereoneofherowntwosons,whowereaboutthesameage.Thiswasa___25___caseofcross-speciesadoptioninthewild,andtheonlydocumentedexampleinvolvinganimalsthatarenormally___26___.___27___,theparkworkersthoughttheassociationwouldbebrief,butthiswenton.Thefamilywere___28___totourthepark.Thelionesstookcareofthebaby,and____29____meatthatshehunted.Thenewbrothersplayedwithhimandoccasionallyfollowedhimuptrees.Thisunlikely____30____wassurelyamazing.Althoughthisadoptionwaspuzzling,ithighlightsthe____31____betweenthetwospecies.Untiltheyreachyoungadulthood,whensocialdifferences_____32_____,lionsandleopardsplayandbegformilkinsimilarways.Forthismotherlioness,shemayhave____33____thebaby'smoreleopard-likefeatures—hissmell,sizeandspottedappearance.Hejustjumpedin.The_____34_____oftheinterspeciesadoptioninthewildwouldbesweetenoughforachildren'sbook,yet____35____enoughtoattractscientists.21.A.putupwith B.takeadvantageof C.dependon D.fightwith22.A.scared B.adopted C.spotted D.attacked23.A.lazy B.brave C.weak D.dangerous24.A.feeding B.checking C.following D.dressing25.A.simple B.typical C.famous D.rare26.A.friends B.competitors C.partners D.neighbors27.A.Initially B.Luckily C.Certainly D.Unexpectedly28.A.expected B.observed C.persuaded D.pushed29.A.cooked B.packed C.shared D.burned30.A.experience B.affair C.agreement D.connection31.A.communication B.similarities C.behavior D.differences32.A.emerge B.remain C.recover D.survive33.A.compared B.disliked C.ignored D.protected34.A.incident B.experience C.report D.tale35.A.strange B.caring C.reliable D.moving【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A25.D26.B27.A28.B29.C30.D31.B32.A33.C34.D35.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个公园中一只母狮子收养了一只两个月大的小豹，母狮子花了几个星期的时间来照料它，喂养它，直到它死去。她对待他就像对待自己两个儿子一样，两个儿子都差不多大。这是一个罕见的野生跨物种领养案例。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：它们为了空间和食物而互相争斗。A.putupwith忍受；B.takeadvantageof利用；C.dependon取决于；D.fightwith争斗，作战。结合上文Thelionsandleopards(豹)ofanationalparkinIndianormallydonotgetalong.可知狮子和豹子通常不会和睦相处，他们会为空间和食物相互争斗。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是大约一年前，公园里的一只年轻狮子收养了一只小豹。A.scared使害怕；B.adopted收养；C.spotted发现；D.attacked攻击。根据第二段中Shetreatedhimasifhewereoneofherowntwosons,whowereaboutthesameage.可知年轻狮子收养了一只小豹。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只2个月大、棕色耳朵、蓝色眼睛的小豹子非常虚弱，母狮子花了几个星期的时间来看护它，喂养它，照顾它，直到它死去。A.lazy懒惰的；B.brave勇敢的；C.weak虚弱的；D.dangerous危险的。结合上文The2-month-oldbaby可知小豹子才两个月大，很虚弱。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只2个月大、棕色耳朵、蓝色眼睛的小豹子非常虚弱，母狮子花了几个星期的时间来看护它，喂养它，照顾它，直到它死去。A.feeding喂养；B.checking检查；C.following跟随；D.dressing穿衣。结合后文andcaringforhim可知母狮子给小豹子喂食、照顾它直到它死去。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个罕见的野生跨物种领养案例，也是唯一一个涉及通常是竞争对手的动物的案例。A.simple简单的；B.typical典型的；C.famous出名的；D.rare罕见的，稀有的。根据后文caseofcross-speciesadoptioninthewild可知野生跨物种领养是一个罕见案例。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个罕见的野生跨物种领养案例，也是唯一一个涉及通常是竞争对手的动物的案例。A.friends朋友；B.competitors竞争对手；C.partners伙伴；D.neighbors邻居。根据第一段中Thelionsandleopards(豹)ofanationalparkinIndianormallydonotgetalong.可知狮子和豹子本来是竞争对手，故选B。27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，公园工作人员认为这种联系会很简短，但事情继续下去了。A.Initially起初；B.Luckily幸运地；C.Certainly当然；D.Unexpectedly意外地。结合后文theparkworkerstho