金丝桃属3个新分类群

金丝桃属3个新分类群

2001年、2002年7月和8月，对湖北巴东县的金丝桃进行了药物和植物资源调查，发现了以下三个新分类群。1自由基因子lataHypericumhubeienseL.H.Wu&D.P.Yang,sp.nov.Fig.1AffineH.asahinaeMakino,sedfoliispraetermarginemhaudglandulosis,glandulismarginalibusomninonigris,sepalisinaequilongis,glandulismarginalibusnigrisnumerosis,petalisubiqueflavissaepeobovato_oblongis8.5-12mmlongis2.5-3.5mmlatis,adapicemglandulismarginalibusnigrisnumerosis,staminibus70-90differt.Herbaperennis,40-55cmalta.Radiceslateralesetradicesadventitiaenumerosae.Caulesteretes,erecti,saepesimplicesveladapicemramosi.Foliasessilia,ovata,1.5-3.8cmlonga,1-1.6cmlata,apicerotundata,basicordata,amplexicaulia,intramarginemdensenigro_glandulosa,dorsohaudglandulosa,nervislateralibus3-5_jugisascendentibus.Dichasiaterminalia;bracteaelanceolatae,3-7mmlongae,1-2mmlatae,marginenigro_glandulosae,dorsoluteolo_glandulosaevelstriatae.Florescirc.18mmdiam.;pedicelli1-6mmlongi;sepalaangusteovatavellanceolata,inaequilonga,4-6.8mmlonga,0.8-1.8mmlata,apiceacuta,marginedensenigro_glandulosa,dorsonigro_glanduloso_striata;petalaobovato_oblongavelangusteovata,8.5-12mmlonga,2.5-3.5mmlata,dorsonigro_glanduloso_striata,apicemarginenigro_glandulosa;stamina70-90,infasciculos3connata,inquoquefasciculo24-34,filamentis6-9.5mmlongis,antherisnigro_glandulosis;ovariumovoideum,1.5-3.5mmlongum,circ.1.5mmlatum,stylis4.5-6.5mmlongis.Capsulaeovoideae,5-6mmlongae,circ.4mmlatae,longistrorsumglanduloso_striatae.Seminafusca,cylindrica,0.7-0.8mmlonga,circ.0.3mmlata,apicerotundata,submucronata,scrobiculata,inevidenter1_carinata.Fl.Jul.-Aug.Fr.Aug.-Sept.多年生草本,高40-55cm。侧根和不定根多数。茎圆柱形,直立,常单一或在顶部分枝。叶无柄,卵圆形,长1.5-3.8cm,宽1-1.6cm,顶端圆形,基部心形抱茎,近边缘密生黑色腺点,叶背面无腺体,侧脉3-5对,斜升。二歧状聚伞花序顶生;苞片披针形,长3-7mm,宽1-2mm,边缘具黑色腺体,背面具淡黄色腺体或腺条。花直径约18mm;花梗长1-6mm;花萼狭卵圆形或披针形,不等大,长4-6.8mm,宽0.8-1.8mm,顶端锐尖,边缘密被黑色腺体,背面具黑腺条;花瓣倒卵状矩圆形或狭卵圆形,长8.5-12mm,宽2.5-3.5mm,背面具黑腺条,顶部边缘具黑色腺体;雄蕊70-90枚,3束,每束24-34枚,花丝长6-9.5mm,花药具黑色腺体;子房卵球状,长1.5-3.5mm,宽约1.5mm;花柱长4.5-6.5mm。蒴果卵球状,长5-6mm,宽约4mm,具纵向腺条纹。种子棕色,圆柱状,长0.7-0.8mm,宽约0.3mm,顶端圆钝,略具短尖头,表面具细蜂窝纹,一侧有一不明显的龙骨状突起。花期7-8月,果期8-9月。China.Hubei(湖北):Badong(巴东),Lücongpo(绿葱坡),alt.1600m,inthickets,2001_07_27,L.H.Wu&F.S.Wang(吴立宏,王发松)01035(holotype,heredesignated,SYS;isotype,PE);samelocality,2002_07_31,L.H.Wuetal.02006(SYS).本种相似于H.asahinaeMakino,区别在于本种叶除了近边缘外无腺体,近边缘腺体全为黑色,花萼不等大,边缘腺体黑色,多数,花瓣黄色,通常倒卵状矩圆形,长8.5-12mm,宽2.5-3.5mm,顶部边缘具黑色腺体,多数,雄蕊70-90枚。本种常见于灌草丛中,迄今只见于模式产地的巴东县。H.asahinae则是日本特有种。二者的亲缘关系也许是东亚植物区系(中国-日本)紧密亲缘的一个证据。根据Robson(2001)的系统,该种应属于小连翘亚组sect.Hypericumsubsect.ErectaRobson。2radiceadventiti1.3.4和strace-lata两相HypericumenshienseL.H.Wu&F.S.Wang,sp.nov.Fig.2SpecieshabitucumH.faberiR.KellerexHand._Mazz.optimecongruens,sedfoliissparsimnigro_glandulosis,vulgononlutello_glandulosis,dorsodensepapillatis,papillisminimis,bracteisetbracteolisfoliiformibus,floribusmajoribus,sepalisangusteovatisvellanceolatis,apiceacutis,nigro_glanduloso_striatis,petalisnigro_glanduloso_striatis,staminibus50-60infasciculos3connatis,inquoquefasciculo14-22,seminibuslongioribusdiffert.Herbaperennis,14-40cmalta.Radiceslateralesetradicesadventitiaenumerosae.Caulesteretes,erectiveldecumbentes,ramosi.Foliabreviterpetiolata,obovataveloblonga,1-3.8cmlonga,0.5-1.3cmlata,apiceobtusa,basiangustatavelangustecuneata,supraviridia,subtusviridula,margineetdorsolaxenigro_glandulosa,dorsovulgononluteolo_glandulosa,denseminutequepapillata,nervislateralibus3_jugisascendentibus;petioli0.5-2.5mmlongi.Dichasiaterminalia;bracteaeetbracteolaefoliiformes.Flores12-15mmdiam.;pedicelli1-5mmlongi;sepalaangusteovatavellanceolata,inaequilonga,4-6mmlonga,0.8-1.6mmlata,apiceacuta,dorsonigro_glanduloso_striata;petalaoblonga,6-9mmlonga,1.5-2.5mmlata,marginesupernenigro_glandulosa,dorsonigro_glanduloso_striata;stamina50-60,infasciculos3connata,inquoquefasciculo14-22,filamentis4-7mmlongis,antherisnigro_glandulosis;ovariumovoideum,2-3mmlongum,circ.1.5mmlatum,stylis2.5-3.5mmlongis.Capsulaeovoideae,4-6mmlongae,3-4mmlatae,longistrorsumglanduloso_striatae.Seminafusca,cylindrica,circ.0.8mmlonga,circ.0.4mmlata,apicerotundata,scrobiculata,maximeincomspicue1_carinata.Fl.Jul.-Aug.Fr.Aug.-Sept.多年生草本,高14-40cm。侧根和不定根多数。茎圆柱形,通常匍匐生根或平卧,多分枝。叶具短柄,倒卵圆形或矩圆形,长1-3.8cm,宽0.5-1.3cm,顶端圆钝,基部渐狭或狭楔形,腹面绿色,背面淡绿色,边缘和背面疏具黑色腺体,背面常无淡黄色腺体,密被细小的乳突,侧脉3对,斜升;叶柄长0.5-2.5mm。二歧状聚伞花序顶生;苞片和小苞片叶状。花直径12-15mm;花梗长1-5mm;花萼狭卵圆形或披针形,不等大,长4-6mm,宽0.8-1.6mm,顶端锐尖,背面具黑色腺条;花瓣矩圆形,长6-9mm,宽1.5-2.5mm,顶部边缘具黑色腺体,背面具黑色腺条;雄蕊50-60枚,3束,每束14-22枚,花丝长4-7mm,花药具黑色腺体;子房卵球状,长2-3mm,宽约1.5mm,花柱长2.5-3.5mm。蒴果卵球状,长4-6mm,宽3-4mm,具纵向腺条纹。种子棕色,长约0.8mm,宽约0.4mm,顶端圆钝,表面具细蜂窝纹,有一极不明显的龙骨状突起。花期7-8月。果期8-9月。China.Hubei(湖北):Badong(巴东),Dazhiping(大支坪),alt.1000-1300m,forestmargin,fieldsideandroadside,2001_07_24,L.H.Wu&F.S.Wang(吴立宏,王发松)01022(holotype,heredesignated,SYS);samelocality,2001_07_23,01018(SYS,PE);samelocality,2001_07_26,01029(SYS);samelocality,2001_07_28,01040(SYS).本种在形态上与H.faberiR.KellerexHand._Mazz.极相似,但叶疏具黑色腺体,通常无淡黄色腺体,背面密具细小乳突,苞片和小苞片叶状,花较大,花萼狭卵圆形或披针形,顶端锐尖,花萼和花瓣具黑色腺条,雄蕊50-60枚,3束,每束14-22枚,种子较大而不同。本种常见于林缘、路边和田边,只见于模式产地的巴东县。而H.faberi(也是中国特有种)则分布于陕西、安徽、湖南、广西、四川、贵州、云南东北部(李锡文,1990)、河南和湖北(新记录分布区)。根据Robson的最近研究(Robson,2001),湖北小连翘应当属于小连翘亚组sect.Hypericumsubsect.Erecta的新成员。3h.er长期khaftamsHypericumerectumThunb.exMurrayssp.longisepalumL.H.Wu&D.P.Yang,ssp.nov.Assp.erectodiffertsepalismajoribus(3-4.5mmlongis0.8-2mmlatis),stylisovariobrevioribus,seminibusnoncarinatis.China.Hubei(湖北):Badong(巴东),Lücongpo(绿葱坡),alt.1600m,forestmarginandthickets,2001_07