2023年中考英语一轮复习课件句子成分和五大基本句型

英语句子成分和五大基本句型2023年11月11日1.今天有好多事情要做。Haveatry1.今天有好多事情要做。Todayhasalotofthingstodo.

Ihavealotofthingstodotoday.

英语重结构，汉语重语义

“就句子的结构而论，西洋语言是法治的，中国语言是人治的。”--王力思考：英语句子是词按照一定的语法结构组成的，组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。包括：主语/谓语/表语/宾语/宾语补足语/定语/状语主语谓语宾语状语定语补语表语句子的成分学习目标：1.了解英语主要句子成分和五大基本句型。2.分析句子成分并能辨别五大基本句型，会简单的英汉互译。表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”主语

GinaisfromAustralia.Sheoftengoestothemovies.Threeisenough.Doingtheworkishardforhim.

Toseeistobelieve.Whatheneedsisabook.

-名词-代词-数词-动名词-不定式-主语从句主语在哪里Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.Whathehassaidistrue.Seeingisbelieving.说明主语“做什么”或“怎么样”,谓语通常是动词。主谓要一致谓语

WeloveChina.Hehasabadcold.Wehavefinishedreadingthisbook.谓语在哪里TheycanspeakEnglishwell.助动词和情态动词须和实义动词一起构成谓语Helookedaftertwoboys.Theyenjoyedplayingcomputergames.表示动作,行为的对象说明主语“做什么”宾语

CanIasksomequestions?Heislookingatthedog.宾语一般放在及物动词或介词后宾语Hegavemetwobooks.TomteachesusEnglish.双宾语人是间接宾语，物是直接宾语

Mybrother

hasn’t

donehishomework.A

B

C

D宾语在哪里说明主语“是什么”,“怎么样”位于系动词之后表语Hermotherisateacher.Thefoodtastesdelicious.找出表语Everythinglooksnice.Hisfaceturnedred.Heishappy.修饰名词或代词定语She’sagood

basketballplayer.What’syourname?Thegirlwithlonghairismysister.找出定语Some

people

forgot

tosweepthefloor.

A

B

C

DTheman

overthere

was

tryingtosleep.

A

B

C

D区分表语和定语Sheisoutgoing.Sheisanoutgoinggirl.

修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句,说明时间、地点、方式、原因、结果、条件、让步、程度、频率、伴随、目的等。状语ThestudentsfollowedUncleWangtoseetheothermachines.Hesatthere

quietly.找出状语He

began

writing

whenhewaseleven.

A

B

C

DThere

was

abigsmile

onherface.

A

B

C

D用来补充说明宾语的情况

宾语补足语WecalledhimBob.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.

I

saw

Mr.Wang

gettingonthebus.A

B

C

DThey

callme

Lilysometimes.

A

B

C

D找出宾补Summary句子成分2谓语“做什么”或“怎么样”，描述主语的动作或状态3宾语动作行为的对象，一般位于动词或介词后面主语“什么人”或“什么事”说明谓语所表示的状态或动作的执行者1表语“是什么”,”怎么样”，和前面的系动词一起构成谓语45定语用来修饰名词或代词6状语修饰动词，形容词，副词或句子。表示时间地点方式原因目的结果等。7宾补用来补充说明宾语的情况练习分析下列句子结构Everybody

laughed

looks

fine.

lent

me

hercar.

make

him

theirmonitor

stayed

inahotel.

IrecognizedhimjustashegotoffthebusHesaidthatlearningaforeignlanguageisveryimportant.ThemanwhomwevisitedlastSundayisafamouswriter.4.Insummer,myparentsoftenaskmyyoungerbrother,Jack,nottoswim.5.Theboyinterestedinpopmusicwassittingtherejustnow.五大基本句型1.主+谓Classbegins.2.主+系+表Thisisabook.3.主+谓+宾IlikeEnglish.4.主+谓+间宾+直宾Hegavemeapicture.5.主+谓+宾+宾补Wekeeptheclassroomclean.1.鸟会飞。Birdscanfly.2.他昨晚读了一本有趣的书。Hereadaninterestingbooklastnight.3.那听起来有趣。Thatsoundsinteresting/fun.4.我给我父母买了一些特别的东西。Iboughtmyparentssomethingspecial.5.她总让我开心。Shealwaysmakesmehappy.translate指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbushappily.主语定语2.Iboughtanicepresentformysister.

宾语3.HisjobistoteachthestudentsChinese.

表语

4.IfIhaveenoughmoney,Iwilltravelaroundtheworld.

条件状语5.Theboyhasfinishedhishomework.

谓语判断下列句子类型Thingschanged.

2.Treesaregreen.3.Wedon’tbeatchildren.4.Hegavehissisterthepiano.

5.Ifoundthebookeasy.主谓S+V主系表S+V+P主谓宾S+V+O主谓宾S+V+IO+DO主谓宾宾补S+V+O+OC1.Theyworkhard.

主+谓2.Theflowerisdead.

主+系+表3.Plant