人教版七年级上册英语Unit 6知识点梳理及语法讲义（教师版）

七年级上册英语Unit6知识点与语法精讲精练词汇梳理词汇梳理（一）完成单词梳理：名词：1.banana香蕉2.hamburger汉堡包3.tomato西红柿4.icecream冰激凌5.salad沙拉6.strawberry草莓7.pear梨8.milk牛奶9.bread面包10.birthday生日11.dinner（中午或晚上吃的）正餐12.week周；星期13.food食物14.vegetable蔬菜15.fruit水果16.apple苹果17.egg蛋；鸡蛋18.carrot胡萝卜19.rice大米；米饭20.chicken鸡肉21.breakfast早餐；早饭22.lunch午餐23.star明星；星星24.habit习惯25.question问题26.burger（=hamburger）汉堡包动词：1.eat吃2.want需要；想要3.be变成副词：1.sure当然；肯定；一定2.then那么3.well好；令人满意地4.really真正地连词：1.so（引出评论或问题）那么形容词：1.right正确的；适当的2.healthy健康的3.fat肥的；肥胖的(二)词汇变形小结：1.tomato(n.番茄)—tomatoes(复数)2.strawberry(n.草莓)—strawberries(复数)3.good(adj.好的)—well(adv.好)4.health(n.健康)—healthy(adj.健康的)—healthily(adv.健康地)—unhealthy(adj.不健康的)5.real(adj.真正的)—really(adv.真正地)【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空Forbreakfast,Ilikebreadand__bananas___(banana).Look!Somevegetables____are____(be)inthebasket.Heplaysbasketball___well____(good).Jennyeatslotsof__healthy___(health)food.Johnlikesstrawberries(strawberry)verymuch.SandraClarkeats(eat)eggsandappleseveryday.Ihaverice,eggsandtomatoes(tomato)forlunch.Thetripfortwoweeks(week)isveryfun.MyfriendBoblikes(like)eatingfruitafterdinner.Herearesomeeggs(egg).(三)短语攻关：thinkabout 思考；思索birthdaydinner 生日晚餐nextweek 下周sportsstar 体育明星eatwell 吃得健康healthyfood 健康的食物asksbaboutsth询问某人某事afterdinner晚餐后eatinghabits饮食习惯vegetablesalad蔬菜沙拉知识点梳理知识点梳理1.Doyoulikebananas?你喜欢香蕉吗？【用法详解】“Do/Does+sb+like+其他?”意为“某人喜欢……吗？”，该句型为一般疑问句，用于询问某人的喜好。肯定回答用“Yes,主语（人称代词）+do/does.”,否定回答用“No,主语（人称代词）+don’t/doesn’t.”Eg.—Doyoulikethecoat?你喜欢这件外套吗？—Yes,Ido.是的，我喜欢。No,Idon’t.不，我不喜欢。【即学即用】句型转换，每空一词1.Doyouliketoeaticecream?（作肯定回答）Yes,Ido.2.Doeshelikethepen?（作否定回答）No,hedoesn’t.2.Hey,John’sbirthdaydinnerisnextweek.嘿，约翰的生日晚餐在下周。【用法详解】（1）birthday是由“birth（n.出生）+day（n.一日；一天）”构成的复合词。Eg.MybirthdayisonJuly3rd.我的生日在7月3日。表示在具体的某一天，前面的介词应用on表示在具体的某一天，前面的介词应用on【拓展延伸】与birthday相关的短语：abirthdaycard生日卡片abirthdaycake生日蛋糕abirthdayparty生日聚会abirthdaygift生日礼物（2）dinner意为“（中午或晚上吃的）正餐”，短语：have/eatdinner吃晚餐have...fordinner正餐吃……Eg.Mumismakingdinner.Weusuallyhavericeandfishfordinner.妈妈正在做晚饭。我们通常晚餐吃米饭和鱼肉。nextweek意为：“下周”，类似的短语有：nextmonth/year“下个月/明年”。【拓展延伸】表示时间的名词前有next,last,this,that等词修饰，作时间状语时，其前通常不加介词。Eg.CanyouhaveapicnicwithmethisSunday,Cindy?辛迪，这个星期天你能和我一起去野餐吗？3.Sure.当然（可以）。【用法详解】表示同意他人的建议或请求。可用来回答一般疑问句，相当于“OK”“ofcourse”或“certainly”。Eg.—Lily,canIuseyourputerforawhile?莉莉，我能用一下你的电脑吗？—Sure,what’swrongwithyourputer?当然，你的电脑怎么了？【即学即用】1.—Thesaladissodelicious!Doyouwanttotryit?—BLetmehaveatry.A.Nothanks.B.Sure.C.You’rewele.D.Excuseme.2.—Let’sgoswimmingthisafternoon.—D.’’reweleC.HaveagooddayD.Thatsoundsgood表示水果的总称时，为不可数名词；表示水果的种类时，是可数名词，其复数形式为fruits。►Ieatsomefruiteveryday.表示水果的总称时，为不可数名词；表示水果的种类时，是可数名词，其复数形式为fruits。►Ieatsomefruiteveryday.►Apples,bananasandpearsaremyfavoritefruits.【用法详解】重点：Howabout……?……怎么样？可用于提出建议或询问信息，相当于“Whatabout...?”。其中about是介词，后接名词、代词或动词ing形式。“How/Whatabout...?”用于提建议时的回答：肯定回答：Goodidea!/That’sagoodidea!/Great!/Soundsgreat!/Soundsgood!肯定回答：Goodidea!/That’sagoodidea!/Great!/Soundsgreat!/Soundsgood!否定回答：I’mafraid...等►—How/Whataboutplayingsoccer?踢足球怎么样？（提出建议）—Soundsgreat!听起来很棒！/I’mafraidIcan’t,Ihavetodomyhomework.恐怕不行，我得做家庭作业。►I’mnotgoing.Howaboutyou?我不打算去。你呢？（询问信息）【拓展延伸】英语中常用来提建议的句型还有：提建议的句型提建议的句型Let’s...我们……吧。Whynot...?为什么不……呢？Whydon’tyou...?你为什么不……呢？Wouldyoulike...?你想……吗？soundsoundadj.健康的；无损伤的astrangesound奇怪的声音safeandsound安然无恙的►Let’saskMaryforhelp.我们向玛丽求助吧。►Whatasunnyday!Whynotgoforapicnic?多么晴朗的一天啊！为什么不去野餐呢？►Whydon’tyoubuysomeflowers?你为什么不买些花呢？►Wouldyoulikesomenoodles?你想吃些面条吗？vegetable为可数名词，其复数形式为vegetables。vegetable作定语修饰名词时要用单数形式。Eg.Doyoulikevegetablenoodles?你喜欢蔬菜面吗？【即学即用】1.—Let’shaveChinesefoodfordinner.___A____—Soundsgreat!Ilikeit,Mom.Howaboutrice? B.Doyoulikebananas?C.Whatdoyoulike?D.CanIhelpyou?2.—Whatdowehavefordinner?—___C____hamburgersandfruit?’shave B.Howare C.Howabout D.Whereare3.Doyouliketoeatvegetables(vegetable)likecarrots?5.chicken鸡肉【用法详解】（1）chicken作不可数名词时，意为“鸡肉”，其前不能用a修饰chick（可数名词）小鸡’scutupthechickenandmakesomesoup.咱们把鸡肉切碎，做些汤吧。chick（可数名词）小鸡（2）chicken作可数名词时，意为“鸡”，其复数形式为chickens。Eg.UncleLihasafarm.Therearesomechickensandsheeponthefarm.李叔叔有一个农场，农场里有一些鸡和羊。【语境串记】Thegirllikeseatingchicken,sohermotherraisessomechickensonthefarm.这个女孩喜欢吃鸡肉，所以她妈妈在农场养了一些鸡。【即学即用】1.Some____B_____areinmyyard（院子）.Ilikeeating__________.A.chicken;chickens B.chickens;chicken C.chickens;chickens D.chicken;chicken6.So,let’sgetsalad.那么，我们去拿沙拉吧。【用法详解】so作连词，意为“那么”，常位于句首，用来引出下文。Eg.Sowhatareyougoingtodonext?那么接下来你要做什么呢？【拓展延伸】so的其他用法：作副词意为“这么；这样”，表示程度Helookssohappy.他看起来如此开心。作连词意为“因此；所以”，表示因果关系It’scoldnow,soputonyourcoat.现在很冷，因此穿上你的外套吧。star可数名词明星星星star可数名词明星星星Whoisyourfavoritesportsstar?你最喜欢的体育明星是谁？Wecanseemanystarsintheevening.夜晚我们能看到很多星星。asports/movie/TV/footballstar体育/电影/电视/足球明星【用法详解】（1）good作形容词，修饰名词重点verywell很好；非常好wellgood作形容词，修饰名词重点verywell很好；非常好welldone干得好►Shecan’tsleepwellbecauseoftoomuchnoisenextdoor.因为隔壁太吵，她睡不好。►—Igetfirstprizeinthegame.我在比赛中得了一等奖。—Welldone.干得好。【即学即用】1.Hesings___D____andheisa________singer.A.good;good B.well;well C.good;well D.well;good2.Mrs.Zhangisa___C____P.E.teacherandshecanplaypingpong________.A.well;goodB.good;goodC.good;wellD.well;well8.Whatdoyoulikeforbreakfast?你早餐喜欢吃什么？【用法详解】“Whatdo/does+主语+like（want/have）+for+某餐？”该句型意为“某人某餐喜欢（想要/吃）吃什么？”，回答一般用“Sb.+like(s)+食物+for+某餐.”介词for在此处表示“在（某餐）时”。►—Whatdoesyourbrotherlikeforlunch?你弟弟午餐喜欢吃什么？—Helikesnoodlesforlunch.午餐他喜欢吃面条。►Whatdoyouhavefordinner?你晚饭吃什么？【即学即用】1.Alunch,Billandhisfatherhamburgers.A.For;likeB.For;likesC.To;likeD.To;likes2.—___D____doesyourfatherlike________dinner?—Fish,riceandfruitsalad.

A.How;for B.How;/ C.What;/ D.What;for9.Yes,Ireallylikeit.是的，我真的很喜欢沙拉。【用法详解】really作副词，意为“真正地”，常用来修饰形容词、动词或副词等，在句中作状语，一般放在形容词、副词或动词之前，系动词之后。修饰形容词►Itisreallyniceofyoutohelpme.你能帮我真是太好了。修饰形容词修饰副词►Herunsreallyfast.他跑得真快。修饰副词修饰动词►Ireallywanttohaveapetdog.我真的想要一只宠物狗。修饰动词【拓展延伸】really还可用于口语中，表示感兴趣或惊讶，后加问号，读时用升调。Eg.—It’sJune9thtoday.It’sLucy’sbirthday.今天是6月9日。今天是露西的生日。—Oh,really?Let’sbuyapresentforher.哦，真的吗？我们给她买份礼物吧。10.Idon’twanttobefat.我不想变胖。wantsth想要某物wanttodosth想要做某事wantsth想要某物wanttodosth想要做某事wantsbtodosth想要某人做某事want【动词】重点Eg.Summerising.IwantaTshirt.夏天要来了。我想要一件T恤衫。Jennywantstoworkinaschool.珍妮想在学校里工作。Mymotherwantsmetobuysomefruit.我妈妈想要我去买一些水果。be此处作系动词，意为“变成”，与bee同义。其后常跟名词或形容词作表语。wanttobe...想要变得……；想要成为……Eg.Iwanttobeascientistandmybotherwantstobeapoliceman.我想成为一名科学家，我哥哥想成为一名警察。Allofuswanttobehappyeveryday.我们所有人希望每天都开心。【即学即用】1.Whereisyourbrother?Iwant___C____himabook.2.Idon’twant___B____basketball.课堂小测一、单项选择1.Hehas___C____eggand________hamburgerforbreakfast.A.an;an B.a;a C.an;a D.a;an2.What___B____shehave________dinner?A.do;in B.does;for C.is;at D.can;to3.Therearetwo____B____onthetable.4.Billis102kg.Heis___A____.A.fat B.tidyC.late D.fine5.Linda___A____herfriend,Gina,aboutherfavoritefood.A.asksB.thinks C.helps D.wantsC____appleisonyourtable.Youcaneat________apple.A.An;anB.A;a C.An;the D.A;the7.—Let’s___B____apples.—Oh,no.I________apples.A.tohave;don’tlikeB.have;don’tlikeC.tohave;likes D.have;like8.—___D____—Thatsoundsgood.Doyoulikepears? B.Doyoulikeplayingbaseball?C.You’rewele. D.Howaboutplayingbaseball?9.—Whatvegetablesdoyoulike?—Ilike___A____verymuch.A.tomatoes B.grapes C.strawberries D.hamburgers10.Doyouwantsomeeggsandmilk___A____breakfast?A.for B.at C.in D.on11.Aliceisa___C____girlandIknowher________.A.well;good B.well;well C.good;well D.good;good12.—NextThursdayismother’sbirthday.Let’s___C____thegift.—OK.A.askfor B.thinkof C.thinkabout D.thankfor13.Carrotsare___B____food.Theyaregoodforour________.A.health;health B.healthy;healthC.health;healthy D.healthy;healthy14.—Doyoulikehamburgersfordinner?—No.Idon’twant___C____.A.toeatit C.tobefat D.befat15.—What’sfordinner?Howaboutsomerice?—___C____.A.Yes,Ido B.No,Idon’t C.Soundsgood D.Isee二、完型填空Doyoulikefruit?Fruitishealthy__1__.Fruitisgoodfor__2__health.Manypeople__3__somefruiteveryday.Myfamilyalso（也）like__4__verymuch,but__5__likedifferentfruits.My__6__likesstrawberries.She__7__theyareverydelicious.Myfatherlikes__8__.Andheeatsthemeveryday.Ilikeapples,andIhaveone__9__breakfasteveryday.Butmysisterdoesn’tlike__10__.Shelikesoranges.（C）1.A.color B.number ood D.sport（A）2.A.our B.my C.his D.her（B）.has B.have C.eats D.love（A）.fruit B.food C.vegetables D.week（D）.they B.I C.you D.we（A）.mother B.father C.brother D.uncle（B）.asks B.thinks C.gets D.needs（D）.bread B.rice C.chicken D.bananas（C）.to B.on C.for D.in（A）.them B.it C.me D.us阅读理解ANamelikesdislikesBobsalad,milk,orangesbananas,pearsJillsalad,bananas,pearsoranges,tomatoesBillhamburgers,milkpears,icecreamJennyicecream,salad,pearstomatoes,Frenchfries（A）1._____likespears,butdoesn’tliketomatoesororanges.A.Jill B.Jenny C.Bob D.Bill（C）2._____likessalad,butdoesn’tlikepears.（B）3._____likesoranges._____likeshamburgers.Theydislikepears.A.Bob;Jenny B.Bob;Bill C.Jenny;Jill D.Bill;Jill（B）4._____likesicecream,butdoesn’tlikeFrenchfries.（A）5.______and_____don’tliketomatoes.A.JillandJenny B.BobandJill C.JillandBill D.BobandJenny四、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空1.Peoplecaneatlotsofhealthy(health)foodtoday.2.Maryalwaysasks(ask)mehowtolearnEnglishwell.3.Alice,couldyoupleasepassmethepen?Iwanttowrite(write)aletter.has(have)icecreamfordessert.really(real)missmygrandparents.五、将下列句子中汉语部分译成英语，注意使用适当的形式1.Iwanttohavesomehealthyfood.（健康的食物）’sbirthdaypartyisat6:30intheevening.（生日聚会）3.Doesyourbrotherhavelunchatschool?（吃午饭）4.Areyoureatinghabitshealthy?（饮食习惯）’sthinkaboutthisquestion.（考虑）语法精讲语法精讲（一）动词like在一般现在时中的用法一、含动词like的一般现在时的句式结构肯定句主语+like(s)+其他.Ilikeoranges.我喜欢橙子。Shelikespears.她喜欢梨。否定句主语+don't/doesn'tlike+其他.主语为第三人称单数Idon’tlikeoranges.我不喜欢橙子。Shedoesn’tlikepears.她不喜欢梨。一般疑问句及其回答Do/Does+主语+like+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主语+do/does.否定回答：No,主语+don’t/doesn’t.—Doyoulikeoranges?你喜欢橙子吗？—Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.是的，我喜欢。/不，我不喜欢。—Doesshelikepears?她喜欢梨吗？—Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’t.是的，她喜欢。/不，她不喜欢。【即学即用】句型转换，每空一词1.Theylikeorangesandstrawberries.(改为否定句)They__don’t______like____oranges___or____strawberries.2.Shedoesn’thavelunchatschooleveryday.(变为肯定句)She__likes___lunchatschooleveryday.3.HerEnglishteacherlikesriceandchickenforbreakfast.(改为一般疑问句)DoesherEnglishteacherlikericeandchickenforbreakfast?4.Doyouliketoeaticecream?（作肯定回答）__Yes___,___I______do___.5.Maryknowsaboutsomegreatpeopletoday.（改为一般疑问句）__Does__Mary___know__about___any___greatpeopletoday?6.Ifindasetofkeysandtwocardsunderthesofa.（改为否定句）I__don’t____find__asetofkeysortwocardsunderthesofa.7.Billlikeschickenandricefordinner.(就画线部分提问)__What_____does__Bill___like___fordinner?（二）可数名词和不可数名词一、语法概述名词是指人或事物的名称。根据所表示的事物的性质，名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有复数形式，不可数名词一般没有复数形式。二、可数名词和不可数名词的区别区别可数名词不可数名词定义能直接以数目进行计算的名词，如banana,ruler不能直接以数目进行计算的名词，如rice,milk特点有复数形式，如apen→twopens一般没有复数形式修饰词①可直接用不定冠词a/an修饰，如anapple；②可用具体的数词修饰，如threebooks；③可用few,afew,many,some,alotof等修饰，如afeweggs（一些鸡蛋）。①不能直接用a/an修饰；②如果表示确切的数量，用“单位词+of+不可数名词”结构，如twobowlsofrice（两碗米饭）；③可用little,alittle,much,some,any,alotof等修饰，如alittlemilk（一点儿牛奶）。谓语形式①可数名词单数作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；②多个并列的可数名词单数或可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。①不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式；②当不可数名词前的单位词是复数时，谓语动词常用复数形式。常见的不可数名词有：常见的不可数名词有：粉末/颗粒类，如rice（米饭）液体、气体等，如water（水）、juice（果汁）、air（空气）语言、学科等，如English（英语）、Chinese（语文）肉类，如beef（牛肉）、chicken（鸡肉）油脂类，如oil（油）、butter（黄油）一些抽象名词，如knowledge（知识）、news（新闻）、friendship（友谊）【拓展延伸】有些名词既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词，但词义不同。单词可数名词词义不可数名词词义chicken鸡鸡肉glass玻璃杯玻璃room房间空间time次；回时间orange橙子橙汁【即学即用】1.—WhatcanIdoforyou?—Err,Iwantaglassofmilk,somebreadand___B____.A.somechickens B.somechicken C.anychickens D.anychicken2.Herearesome___A_____.Doyouwanttoeat_________,Pete?A.oranges;one B.orange;it C.oranges;itD.orange;one3.—Susan,wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat?—Yes,___D____please.A.somemilkB.someteaC.somecoffeeD.somebread三、可数名词复数形式的规则变化（重点）（1）一般情况，直接在词尾+es如：apple—applesbook—books（2）以s/x/sh/ch结尾的，在词尾+es如：class—classesbox—boxes（3）以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i再+es如：family—familiesstrawberry—strawberries（4）以o字母结尾的，有生命的+es（黑人英雄爱吃土豆番茄）Negro—Negroeshero—heroespotato—potatoestomato—tomatoes 无生命的+s如：zoo—zoosradio—radios（5）以f/fe结尾的，变f/fe为v+es如：knife（刀）—knivesleaf（树叶）—leavesbookmilkbookmilkricetoydeskwatereggbananateachairbreadmoneybabymapbeefboxzoocoffeeclassapplejuiceteachersistertime四、可数名词复数形式的不规则变化a变为e男人man—men女人woman—womenoo变为ee牙齿tooth—teeth脚foot—feet单复数同形绵羊sheep—sheep鱼fish—fish,中国人Chinese—Chinese日本人Japanese—Japanese不规则变化儿童child—children老鼠mouse—mice常用复数的词shoes(鞋子)glasses(眼镜)trousers(裤子)socks(短袜)chopsticks(筷子)stairs(楼梯)【即学即用】写出下列名词的复数形式1.apple____apples_____2.tomato___tomatoes___3.pencil___pencils_____4.watch____watches____5.key____keys_____6.photo____photos_____7.box____boxes______8.strawberry__strawberries__9.pear___pears______10.hamburger____hamburgers___11.table____tables____12.zoo____zoos______13.woman____women____14.boy____boys_______15.sheep____sheep_____16.Chinese____Chinese_____17.wolf____wolves_________Americans___19.life____lives_________children____21.girl____girls______22.baby____babies_____23.egg____eggs______24.tooth____teeth______25.toy____toys_______26.class___classes______27.school___schools______28.bus____buses______29.banana____bananas_____30.man____men_______语法小测一、单项选择1.Julia___D____vegetables.A.notlikes B.notlike C.doesn’tlikes D.doesn’tlike2.—____D___yourbrotherlikesalad?—Yes,he________.A.Is;does B.Do;do C.Are;are D.Does;does3.Idon’thaveany___B____,butIhavesome________.A.apple;juiceB.apples;juiceC.apple;juicesD.apples;juices4.—CanIhelpyou?—Yes,I’dlikefive___B____andsomepears.A.potato B.tomatoesC.meat D.banana5.Hurryup!Some___C____and________areonsaleinthesupermarket.A.tomato;egg B.tomatoes;egg C.tomatoes;eggs D.tomato;eggs6.—Whatwouldyoulike?—Iwouldlike___B____first.A.fivecupoftea B.fivecupsoftea C.fivecupofteas D.fivecupsofteas7.—___A____yourgrandmotherwatchTVintheevening?—________.Shedoesn'tlikewatchingTV.A.Does;No,shedoesn't B.Do;Yes,shedoesn'tC.Does;Yes,shedoes D.