适用于新教材2024版高考英语一轮总复习Unit9HumanBiology课件北师大版选择性必修第三册

选择性必修第二册UNIT9

HUMANBIOLOGY(主题语境:人与社会——科学与技术)英语内容索引课前预习:背诵与积累课堂突破:核心考点复习课前预习:背诵与积累[教材单词](一)必背重点词汇1.

justify

vt.证明……有道理,为……辩护

2.

physicist

n.物理学家

3.

athletics

n.田径运动会

4.

participant

n.参加者,参与者

5.

artificially

adv.完全相同地,非常相似地

6.

twin

n.双胞胎中的一个

7.

cattle

n.牛

8.

goat

n.山羊

9.

forever

adv.永远;长久地

10.

wholly

adv.完全地

11.

clue

n.线索,提示

12.

treatment

n.诊疗,治疗,疗法;对待方式

13.

provoke

vt.激起,引起

14.

crucial

adj.至关重要的,关键性的

15.

bound

adj.很可能,肯定会

16.

abuse

vt.滥用,妄用;虐待

n.滥用;虐待17.

blessing

n.福气,幸运

18.

contain

vt.包含,容纳,装盛

19.

zone

n.地区,地带

20.

junk

food

(高脂肪、高糖分等的)不利健康的食品、垃圾食品

21.

virus

n.病毒

22.

variation

n.变化物,变体;差异,变动

23.

factor

n.因素,要素

24.

bacteria

n.细菌

25.

officially

adv.官方地,正式地

26.

widespread

adj.分布广泛的,广泛流传的

27.

parallel

n.(不同地点或不同时间的两事物之间的)联系,相似

adj.平行的28.

sample

n.样本,样品

vt.品尝,尝试;对……做抽样调查29.

bury

vt.埋葬,安葬;埋藏

30.

pose

vt.造成,引起,产生(问题、危险、困难等)

n.(为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势,姿态31.

lung

n.肺

32.

steadily

adv.稳定地

33.

outbreak

n.(战争或疾病)爆发、突然发生

34.

trial

n.试验;审判,审理

35.

underline

vt.强调,使突出;在……之下划线

36.

thorough

adj.彻底的,全面的,详尽的

37.

paragraph

n.(文章的)段,段落

38.

phenomenon

n.现象

39.

mineral

n.矿物质;矿产

40.

victim

n.(袭击事件、抢劫事件或凶杀案的)受害者

(二)识记阅读词汇1.biologyn.

生物学

2.marathonn.

马拉松赛跑

3.bettermentn.

(个人社会和经济地位的)改良,改善,提高

4.vaccinen.

疫苗

5.resiliencen.

恢复力,复原力,适应力

6.dopingn.

使用违禁药物(以提高体育比赛的成绩)

7.clonevt.

克隆,使无性繁殖

n.

克隆动物或植物,无性繁殖的个体

8.genen.

基因

9.mammaln.

哺乳动物

10.cameln.

骆驼

11.reproductiveadj.

繁殖的,生殖的

12.ethicaladj.

关于伦理的;合乎道德的

13.mereadj.

仅仅,只不过;极小的,极不重要的

14.inferioradj.

低级别的,下级的;差的,次的

15.cursen.

祸因,祸根;诅咒,咒语

16.atomn.

原子

17.nerven.

神经;焦虑,恐惧,紧张

18.organn.

器官

19.impulsen.

(神经)冲动,(电)脉冲

20.crosswordn.

纵横字谜,纵横填字游戏

21.omegan.

奥米伽(希腊字母表的最后一个字母,即Ω,ω)

22.epidemicn.

传染病,流行病

23.baselinen.

(医学或科学中的)基线,准线

24.CE

公示(用于日期后)

25.visibleadj.

看得见的

26.symptomn.

症状;征兆,症候

27.correspondingadj.

相应的;对应的

28.symbolicallyadv.

象征地,象征性地

29.needlen.

针

30.databasen.

数据库,资料库

31.astronomern.

天文学家

(三)串记拓展词汇1.

capability

n.(完成困难事情的)能力,才能→

capable

adj.有能力的,能干的,能的→capably

adv.能干地

2.

infer

vt.推断,推定→

inference

n.推断,推理;推断结果,结论→

inferential

adj.可以推断的

3.

calculate

vt.计算,核算→

calculation

n.计算→

calculator

n.计算者;计算器

4.innovate

vi.&vt.革新,创新,改革→

innovation

n.创新→

innovator

n.创新者→

innovative

adj.革新的;有革新精神的

5.

comparison

n.比较→

compare

vt.比较→

compared

adj.比较的,对照的

6.

edit

vi.&vt.编辑,编校;剪辑,剪接→editor

n.编辑

7.

accurate

adj.准确的,正确的→

accurately

adv.准确地,正确地→

accuracy

n.准确(性);正确(性)

8.

emotion

n.情感→

emotional

adj.情感的→

emotionally

adv.情感上地

9.

locate

vi.&vt.找出……的准确位置→located

adj.坐落的,位于的→

location

n.位置

10.

classify

vt.将……分类;把……归入一类→classification

n.归类,分类,分级→classifiable

adj.可分类的

11.

rare

adj.罕见的,稀有的,不常发生的→

rarely

adv.

罕见地,稀有地→

rareness

n.稀薄;稀罕;珍奇

12.

opposed

adj.与某事物相反;反对某事物,不赞成某事物→

oppose

vt.反对→

opposition

n.反对,相反,敌对

13.

depressing

adj.令人沮丧的,让人忧愁的→

depressed

adj.沮丧的,忧愁的→

depression

n.沮丧,忧愁

14.

estimate

vt.&n.估计,估算→

estimation

n.估计,估算

15.

actual

adj.实际的,真实的→

actually

adv.实际上,真实地

16.systematic

adj.系统化的,有条理的→

system

n.系统→

systematically

adv.系统地;体系地;有系统地

17.

globe

n.地球,世界;地球仪→

global

adj.全球的,全世界的→

globally

adv.全球地,全世界地

18.

differ

vi.不同,不一样;有异意→

different

adj.不同的→differently

adv.不同地→difference

n.不同,差别

19.identify

vt.确定,发现;认出,识别→identification

n.鉴定;辨认;确定;身份证20.

suspect

n.(犯罪)嫌疑人,可疑分子v.怀疑→

suspectable

adj.可疑的→

suspicion

n.怀疑,觉察,嫌疑

[核心短语]1.

be

capable

of

有能力做某事;能够做某事

2.

develop

an

illness

患病

3.

have

the

potential

to

do

sth

有潜力做某事

4.

be

crucial

for

sth

对……至关重要

5.

view...as...

把……看作……

6.

for

the

purpose

of

为了……目的

7.

as

long

as

只要;长达……

8.

come

into

contact

with

接触到;联系

9.

be

classified

as

被归类为……

10.

be

opposed

to

反对

11.

draw

a

parallel

between...and...

把……和……相提并论12.gointodetails

详细叙述

13.dieof/from

死于

14.onrecord

记录在案的;公开发表的

15.buryoneselfindoing

专心做某事

16.inthecourseof

在……过程中

17.dotrialson

做试验

18.resultin

导致

19.getover

克服;恢复;熬过

20.passonto

传给……

21.incomparisonwith

和……比较

22.beboundtodo

必定会做,一定会做

[重点句型]1.句式凝练:序数词(+名词)+动词不定式句型。Theywerethefirst-everprimates(theorderofmammalswhichincludeapes,monkeys,andhumans)

to

have

been

cloned

!

它们是第一个被克隆的灵长类动物(哺乳动物顺序包括猿猴、猴子和人类)!2.句式凝练:Some...,others...句型。While

some

people

believeitiscrucialforscientificadvancement,others

raisemoralconcerns.

虽然有些人认为这对科学进步至关重要,但其他人提出了道德上的担忧。3.句式凝练:should(not)havedone句型。Somescientistssaytheteam

should

not

have

announced

theirfindingssoearly—they

should

have

looked

morecarefullyfortheDNAfromCopernicus'motherorherrelativestochecktheresults,asitisthemother'sDNAthatispassedonintacttoherchild.

一些科学家认为,研究小组不应该这么早公布研究结果,因为正是母亲的DNA完整地遗传给她的孩子,所以本该更仔细地寻找哥白尼母亲或其亲戚的DNA以核对结果。[主题词汇背记]科技发展与展望

高考常用高分词汇一、科技发展1.technologyn.技术2.advancedadj.先进的3.householdadj.家用的4.handyadj.有用的,方便的5.reliableadj.可靠的6.devicen.装置;策略;设备7.handlevt.处理8.developvt.开发二、人工智能1.artificialadj.人工的2.intelligencen.智能的3.automaticadj.自动的4.applicationn.应用程序5.functionn.功能6.programmen.程序7.roboticadj.机器人的8.imitationn.模仿三、发展前景1.promisingadj.有前途的2.upgradevt.升级

3.replacevt.代替4.optimisticadj.乐观的5.pessimisticadj.悲观的6.cooperationn.合作7.prospectn.前景8.outlinen.轮廓vt.勾勒高考主题高频短语1.keepthepaceof跟上……的步伐

2.haveaccessto可以得到……3.haveapositiveeffecton对……有积极的影响

4.counton依靠5.bringout推出

6.undercontrol(被)控制住7.beequippedwith装备有……

8.lowerthecost降低成本9.comeintoexistence存在10.withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology随着科技的发展11.taketheplaceof代替12.fallvictimto成为……受害者;成为……的牺牲品;屈服于……13.causetheconcernofthepublic引起公众的担忧

14.holdapromisingfuture拥有光明的未来15.bringconvenienceto给……带来便利[续写语料积累]人物对话描写语块必记1.dreamof梦想,梦见2.comealong一起来,出现3.abroadface一张宽脸4.allofasudden突然地5.inatremblingvoice用颤抖的声音佳句背诵1.“Awfully.”theyoungmanansweredinatremblingvoice.“太可怕了。”这个年轻人用颤抖的声音回答道。2.“Whatisit?Whatisgoingonhere?”MrsLennoxgasped.“这是什么?这是怎么一回事?”伦诺克斯太太喘着气问。3.“Whatdesolation!”sheheardavoice.“Thatpretty,prettywoman!”“多么凄凉!”她听到一个声音说。“那个漂亮、动人的女人!”4.“Howqueerandquietitis!”shesaid.“Itsoundsasiftherewerenooneinthebungalowbutmeandthesnake.”“这是多么奇怪和安静!”她说。“听起来好像没人在平房里,只有我和那条蛇。”5.“Barney!”hecriedout.“Thereisachildhere!Achildalone!Inaplacelikethis!Mercyonus,whoisshe!”“巴尼!”他喊道。“这里有个孩子!一个孩子!在这样的地方!天哪,她是谁!”精美语段Allofasudden,Soapyfeltahandonhisarmandsawabroadfaceofapoliceman.“Excuseme,whatareyoudoinghere?”askedthepoliceman.“Nothing,”saidSoapy,windblowinghiscollar.“Then,comealong,”saidthepoliceman.Thenextmorning,Soapyfinallyheardthewordswhichhisearsusedtodreamof.“ThreemonthsinBlackwellprison,”saidthejudgeonthecourt.突然,索比感觉到一只手搭在他的胳膊上,接着看到一张警察的宽脸。“打扰一下,你在这里干什么?”警察问。“没什么。”索比说,风吹着他的衣领。“那么,来吧,”警察说。第二天早上,索比终于听到了他耳朵里经常梦见的话。“在布莱克威尔监狱拘押三个月。”法官在法庭上说。课堂突破:核心考点复习1通词句·基础自测Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Itisaplacewheretheancientandcontemporaryhappilygoalongon

parallel

(平行的)tracks.

2.Humans,dogs,elephants,anddolphinsareall

mammals(哺乳动物),butbirds,fish,andcrocodilesarenot.3.Pricewillbea

crucial

(至关重要的)factorinthesuccessofthisnewproduct.

4.Therearereportsof

widespread

(分布广泛的)floodinginnorthernFrance.

5.There'sevidencetosuggestthatchildabuseisnotjustarecent

phenomenon

(现象).

Ⅱ.词形转换1.Inmyopinion,weneedtodependonourselvestodealwith

depression

,whichmeansthatwhenyouarefacedwith

depressing

situations,neverfeel

depressed

.Whatyouneedtofocusonisthepositivesideofthesituation.(depress)

2.Fromtheirappearance,wecannottellthe

differencesbetweenthetwins,butthewaystheywalkare

different

,andoftentheyrespondtosituations

differently

.Inaddition,theyalso

differ

intheirvoices.(differ)

3.Theyoungengineerdealtwiththeprobleminashorttime

capably.Hiscapability

wonallthepeople'srespect.Peoplethoughtthathewas

capable

ofsolvingalmostalltheproblemsinthefield.(capable)4.Whenyoucommunicatewithothers,

accuracy

ofthelanguageyouuseisnotthatimportant.Itisthatyoucanexpressyourmeaning

accurately

thatcounts.However,inyourwriting,youmusttrytomakethelanguage

accurate

.(accurate)

5.Inthepastitwasnotthateasytofindyour

location,butnowevenyouare

located

inaruralmountainvillage,wecan

locate

whereyouareeasilythroughadvancedtechnology.(locate)

Ⅲ.语篇填空Manypeoplemay1.

draw

a

parallel

between

success

and

capability

(把成功和能力相提并论).Infact,manytimesit'syourhardworkthatmakesadifference.Ofcourse,apersonwho2.

is

capable

of

(能够)solvingproblemsislikelyto3.

have

the

potential

to

achieve

(有实现……的潜能)something.However,aperson4.is

classified

as(被归类为)thosethatarelessintelligentcanalsogetoverdifficultiesandbecomeasuccess.Wendy5.developed

an

illness(患病),anddoctorstoldhershewouldsoon6.die

of(死于)thedisease.Notfeelingdespair,Wendy7.

buried

herself

in

(专心于)studyingthedisease,andshe8.did

trials

on(做试验)itagainandagain,believingthatshe9.was

bound

to

defeat(一定会打败)it.Guesswhat?Herhardworkandoptimism10.resulted

in(导致)greatprogressinthestudy.Shefoundacureforthediseaseandsheherselfrecoveredatlast.

Ⅳ.句式仿写1.每天早上我妈妈总是第一个起床,为我们准备早饭。

Every

morning

my

mother

is

always

the

first

person

to

get

up,making

preparations

for

our

breakfast.

2.有的同学充满自信,渴望参加班级活动;其他人则紧张不安。

Some

of

us

were

confident

and

eager

to

take

part

in

the

class

activity;others

were

nervous

and

anxious.

3.上周五我们本该拟定好这次活动的计划的。

We

should

have

drawn

up

the

plan

for

the

activity

last

Friday.

2研考点·增分课堂核心词汇突破1.infer

vt.推断,推定→inference

n.推论;推理;推断[练会]单句语法填空①Weinferred

from

herexpressionthatshewantedtoleave.

②Hischangeofmindwasrecentandsudden,the

inference

(infer)beingthatsomeonehadpersuadedhim.

③Themammalhasanextremelytinyheadand,

by

inference,atinybrain.

[写美]微写作·背诵④在学习过程中,我们应该学会根据以前的知识进行推断。(写作话题之学习方法)Duringtheprocessofourstudy,wearesupposedtolearn

to

make

inferences

based

on

previous

knowledge

.

归纳

佳句

You

can

draw

some

inferences

about

their

relationship

from

the

given

conditions.根据已给条件,你可以推断出它们之间的关系。(写作话题之学习方法)2.abuse

vt.滥用,妄用;虐待

n.滥用;虐待;辱骂,恶语[练会]单句语法填空①Peoplewhohavebeen

abused

(abuse)aschildrenoftenexperienceasenseofworthlessness.

②Iusedtotreathimasmybestfriend,andIneverexpectedthathe

would

abuse

(abuse)thetrustIplacedinhim.

[写美]微写作·背诵③亲爱的爸爸,我建议你别酗酒,从而为我们这些孩子做出榜样。(应用文之建议信)DearDad,Irecommendthatyoushouldsetanexampletouschildrenby

not

abusing

alcohol

.

归纳

佳句

What

I

suggest

you

should

do

to

a

person

who

abuses

your

trust

is

just

ignoring

him.对于一个背信弃义的人,我建议你应该做的就是无视他。3.contain

vt.包含;容纳;容忍;克制(强烈的感情等)→container

n.容器[练会]单句语法填空①(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Humanspeech

contains

(contain)morethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon“m”and“a”totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.

②AtthatmomentsoangrywasBillthathecouldn'tcontain

himself

(he).

[写美]一句多译·背诵我回到家打开冰箱看到里面有很多妈妈为我准备的水果,包括我最喜欢的香蕉。(写作话题之感恩父母)→③Arrivinghome,Iopenedtherefrigeratorandsawmanyfruitsmymotherpreparedforme,

including

my

favorite

bananas

.

→④Arrivinghome,Iopenedtherefrigeratorandsawmanyfruitsmymotherpreparedforme,

my

favorite

bananas

included

.

归纳

名师点睛

contain通常用来指某容器中盛/装有某物,或指某物中含有某成分。include通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内,注意:sth

included=including

sth。佳句

I

advise

you

should

eat

more

fruits

and

vegetables

containing

various

vitamins,which

is

good

for

your

health.我建议你多吃含有各种维生素的水果和蔬菜,这对你的健康有好处。(应用文之建议信)4.classify

vt.将……分类;把……归入一类→classified

adj.分类的→classifiable

adj.可分类的→classification

n.分类[练会]单句语法填空①Duetothegrowingpopularityofenvironmentally-relatedandadventuretravel,varioustypesoftripsarenowbeingclassified

as

ecotourism.

②The

classification

(classify)basedonDNAseemstobemuchmorereliable.

[写美]微写作·背诵③图书馆的书是按照科目分类的。Thebooksinthelibrary

are

classified

by/according

to

subject.

归纳

佳句

Every

pupil

has

his

own

potential

so

it

is

not

proper

to

classify

them

into

two

kinds,the

good

and

the

bad.每个学生都有他自己的潜力,因此把他们划为好与坏这两类是不合适的。(写作话题之教育)5.oppose

v.反对;反抗,抵制→opposed

adj.反对的;截然不同的→opposite

adv.相对地,相反地;对面地

adj.相对的,对面的

prep.在……对面

n.反义词,对立的事物[练会]单句语法填空①Thelocalcitizensopposed

pulling

(pull)downtheancienttowertobuildapowerplant.

②She'sturnedouttobetheexact

opposite

(oppose)ofwhateveryoneexpected.

[写美]微写作·背诵③如果有人反对采纳你的计划,你应保持冷静,并努力找出你的计划中可能出现的不足。(应用文之建议信)Ifsomeone

is

opposed

to

adopting

yourplan,youshouldremaincalmandtrytofindoutthepossibledisadvantagesinyourplan.

归纳

佳句

Dad

opposed

driving

our

own

car

to

visit

Hangzhou

as

he

thought

we

might

meet

with

traffic

jam

and

it

was

not

environmentally

friendly.爸爸反对我们开车去杭州,因为他认为我们可能会遇到交通阻塞,而且这也不环保。(写作话题之环境保护)6.bury

v.埋葬,安葬;埋藏[练会]单句语法填空①(2019北京卷)Whentheseorganismsdie,they

bury

(bury)carboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.

②

Buried

(bury)instudyinghisnewmachine,ProfessorChengsometimesevenforgetstohavehismeals.

[写美]一句多译·背诵我看着我和爷爷一起拍的照片,陷入沉思。→③IlookedatthephotothatItookwithmygrandfather,

buried

in

thought

.→④IlookedatthephotothatItookwithmygrandfather,deep/lost

in

thought.归纳

佳句

Facing

the

sea,he

looked

at

the

rising

sun,his

hands

buried

in

his

pockets.How

wonderful

the

scene

was!面朝大海,他双手放在口袋里,看着冉冉升起的太阳,那是多么精彩的一个景象啊!(写作话题之旅游)7.suspect

n.(犯罪)嫌疑人,可疑分子

v.怀疑;不信任;觉得

adj.可疑的;靠不住的→suspicious

adj.可疑的,怀疑的,疑惧的→suspiciously

adv.怀疑地,可疑地[练会]单句语法填空①(2020全国Ⅰ卷)There'sawelcomefamiliarity—butalsosometimesaslight

suspicion

(suspect)thattimehaschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.

②(2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷)InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspected

of

drugdealing.

[写美]微写作·背诵③如果你怀疑你的朋友对你撒了谎,你最好真诚地和他谈话,说出你的疑虑。(应用文之建议信)Ifyou

suspect

that

yourfriendliedtoyou,you'dbettertalktohimhonestlyandstateyourdoubts.

归纳

佳句

It

was

suspected

that

it

was

our

monitor

who

had

spent

his

weekends

decorating

our

classroom.我们大家都怀疑是班长利用周末时间布置了教室。8.be

crucial

to

对……很重要→crucially

adv.关键地;至关重要地[练会]单句语法填空①Thebandwantstowinoverfansand,more

crucially

(crucial),radioprogrammers.

②

At

thecrucialmoment,ourcoachmadeacrucialdecision,leadingtoourteam'swinningthechampion.

③Yourperseveranceisverycrucial

to

theprogressyou'vemade.

[写美]词汇升级·背诵④It'scrucially

importanttopreventthesespeciesfromdisappearingcompletely.(写作话题之环境保护)→It's

of

crucial

importance

topreventthesespeciesfromdisappearingcompletely.

归纳

佳句

Without

doubt,having

a

positive

attitude

plays

a

crucial

role

in

our

way

to

success.毫无疑问,积极的态度在我们成功的道路上起着至关重要的作用。(应用文之演讲稿)9.be

bound

to

do

一定做[练会]单句语法填空①Withyourdiligenceandconcentration,youarebound

to

succeed

(succeed)inenteringanidealuniversity.

②Justimaginesittingatthetabletoreachforyourmealspreparedbyyourrobotwithoutturningaround,youarebound

to

be

(be)thehappiestoneintheworld.

[写美]词汇升级·背诵③ThemethodsIrecommendedabove,ifproperlyused,will

surely

benefityouinyourstudy.(应用文之建议信)→ThemethodsIrecommendedabove,ifproperlyused,

are

bound

to

benefit

youinyourstudy.

归纳

佳句

Visiting

Mount

Huangshan,you

are

bound

to

have

an

unforgettable

and

rewarding

experience.游览黄山,你一定会有一次难忘而有益的经历。(写作话题之旅游)★补遗缺

微点练全Ⅰ.一词多义1.calculateA.v.计算B.v.认为C.v.依靠D.v.打算①Fredaskedmeaquestionthatwascalculatedtoembarrassme.

D

②Thecostofthedamagecausedbytherecentstormshasbeencalculatedatover￡5million.

A

③Wecan'tcalculateonhavinggoodweatherforthebarbecue.

C

④Researcherscalculatedthatthisgroupwasatahigherriskofheartdisease.

B

2.poseA.n.姿势,姿态;装腔作势的举动B.vt.造成,引起,产生(问题、危险、困难等);摆好姿势①Officialsclaimthatthechemicalleakageposesnorealdangerforsurroundingresidents.

B

②Shelikestoappearasifsheknowsallaboutthelatestfilmsandartexhibitions,butit'sallapose.

A

③Whilethephotographerbegantotakephotos,sheadoptedanelegantpose.

A

④Beforegoingintotheirmeetingthesixforeignministersposedforphotographs.

B

Ⅱ.熟词生义1.sample(P59)项目意义例句熟义n.样本,样品Watersamplestakenfromstreamswereanalysedforcontaminationbychemicals.生义vt.抽样检查Wesampledopinionamongtheworkersaboutchangesinworkingmethods.vt.品尝Asthefoodlookedsogood,hedecidedtosamplealittlefromeachdish.2.underline(P59)项目意义例句熟义v.在……之下划线Allthetechnicalwordshavebeenunderlinedinred.生义v.强调Shegavesomeshockingexamplestounderlinetheseriousnessofthesituation.n.下划线Thewordswithunderlinesshouldbepaidspecialattentionto.3.correspond(P62)项目意义例句熟义vi.相一致,相符合Herexpressionisconcernedbutherbodylanguagedoesnotcorrespond.生义v.相当,相似TheAmericanCongresscorrespondstotheBritishParliament.vi.通信ShestillcorrespondswithAmericanfriendsshemetinMajorcanineyearsago.重点句型透视1.“序数词(+名词)+动词不定式”句型[教材原句]Theywerethe

first-ever

primates(theorderofmammalswhichincludeapes,monkeys,andhumans)to

have

been

cloned!(P52)它们是第一个被克隆的灵长类动物(哺乳动物顺序包括猿猴、猴子和人类)![练会]单句语法填空①(2022全国乙卷)Selectedfromcollectionsthroughouttheworld,itisthefirstmajorexhibitionofhiswork

to

be

held

(hold)inoverfortyyears.

②(2022全国甲卷)Now,Caohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdream

to

walk

(walk)alongtheBeltandRoadroute.

③(2020全国Ⅰ卷)“Thisreallyexcitesscientists,”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseitmeanswehavethechance

to

obtain

(obtain)informationabouthowthemoonisconstructed.”

[写美]微写作·背诵④最重要的是,老人是第一个品尝美食的人,因为在中国老人很受尊重。(写作话题之餐桌礼仪)Mostimportantly,theelderly

are

the

first

to

taste

thedeliciousfoodbecausetheyarewellrespectedinChina.

归纳(1)在序数词或“序数词+名词”结构后常用动词不定式作定语。(2)在名词opportunity,chance,ability,capability,possibility,desire,plan,attempt,ambition,freedom,curiosity,decision,failure,hope,wish,potential等后也常用动词不定式作定语,表示将来要做的事。

佳句

Yuan

Longping

became

the

first

agricultural

pioneer

in

the

world

to

grow

rice

that

has

a

high

output

in

1973.袁隆平在1973年成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先驱。(写作话题之人物介绍)2.some...,others...句型[教材原句]Whilesomepeoplebelieveitiscrucialforscientificadvancement,others

raisemoralconcerns.(P53)虽然有些人认为这对科学进步至关重要,但其他人提出了道德上的担忧。[练会]单句语法填空①(2019北京卷)Somestudentsdon'thaveareliablecar,while

othershavetosharevehicleswithparentswhoworksixdaysaweek.②Somepeoplehungerforfameandfortunewhile

others

pursuehappiness.[写美]微写作·背诵③有些人喜欢在图书馆看书。然而另外一些人则喜欢在家上网看书。(写作话题之阅读)

Some

people

likereadinginlibraries.

Others

,

however

,prefertoreadathomeonline.

归纳

“some...,others...”表示“一些(人)……;另一些(人)……”。该结构常用以描述不同人的不同行为或对某事的不同看法等。

佳句

Some

think

that

going

to

college

abroad

can

broaden

children's

horizons

while

others

hold

the

opposite

opinion.一些人认为去国外上大学可以开阔孩子们的视野,而另一些人持相反的观点。(写作话题之家庭教育)

3.should

(not)

have

done句型[教材原句]Somescientistssaytheteamshould

not

have

announcedtheirfindingssoearly—theyshouldhavelookedmorecarefullyfortheDNAfromCopernicus'motherorherrelativestochecktheresults,asitisthemother'sDNAthatispassedonintacttoherchild.(P67)一些科学家认为,研究小组不应该这么早公布研究结果,因为正是母亲的DNA完整地遗传给她的孩子,所以本该更仔细地寻找哥白尼母亲或其亲戚的DNA以核对结果。[练会]单句语法填空①(2020全国Ⅰ卷)Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyou

could

havedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有同情心)response?

②(2019天津卷)I

must

havealwaysknownreadingwasveryimportantbecausethefirstmemoriesIhaveasachilddealwithbooks.

③(2018北京卷)Theymight

have

found

(find)abetterhoteliftheyhaddrivenafewmorekilometers.

[写美]微写作·背诵④对不起,你错过了截止日期。你本该在上周五提交征文的。I'msorrythatyouhavemissedthedeadline.You

should

have

submitted

youressaylastFriday.

归纳

佳句

I'm

writing

to

say

sorry

to

you.I

shouldn't

have

used

your

dictionary

without

telling

you.我写信是向你道歉。我本不应该不告诉你就用了你的字典。(应用文之道歉信)3练续写·锤炼技能友善对待孤单的人Ⅰ.主题语境词汇adj.sad/sorrowful悲伤的frustrated挫败的lonely孤独的upset心烦意乱的depressed抑郁的,沮丧的warm温暖的comforting令人安慰的adv.sadly悲伤地bitterly伤心地patiently耐心地gently温柔地n.sadness/sorrow悲伤depression沮丧/抑郁frustration挫败loneliness孤独patience耐心warmth温暖v.sob啜泣weep流泪comfort安慰

hug拥抱Ⅱ.主题语境语块

多词语块保持乐观staypositive习俗语块不幸中的一线希望silverlining短语架构语块被留下单独一人beleftalone句子组构语块沉浸在痛苦中belostinsadnessⅢ.基于主题语境续写对练1.完成句子(1)教室里的每个人都兴奋地在聊天而简(Jane)独自坐在角落里。(while引导的并列句,意为“而”;形容词作状语)Everyoneintheclassroomwaschattingwithgreatexcitement

while

Jane

was

sitting

inthecorner,alone.

(2)我能感觉到她沉浸在巨大的悲伤中,这让我心碎。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)Icouldsenseshewaslostinenormoussadness,

which

broke

my

heart

.

(3)带着温暖的笑,我走近简,坐在她旁边。(v.-ing作状语)

Wearing

a

warm

smile

,IapproachedandsatbesideJane.

(4)我刚开口说话,简就抬起头来,眼泪顺着脸流了下来。(nosooner...than引起的部分倒装;with复合结构)

No

sooner

had

I

begun

speaking

than

Janelookedup,

with

tears

running

down

her

face

.

(5)我轻轻地拍了拍她的背,耐心地安慰她。(v.-ing作状语)Ipattedhergentlyonherback,

comforting

her

patiently

.

(6)她告诉我她因为肤色而被人嘲笑,我鼓励她保持乐观。(tellsbaboutsth)She

told

me

about

her

being

laughed

at

becauseofherskincolourandIencouragedhertostaypositive.

(7)每一片乌云都有银边。(silverlining)

Every

cloud

has

a

silver

lining.

2.衔接美文将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文,注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇。*用连词合并句(6)和句(7)。Everyone

in

the

classroom

was

chatting

with

great

excitement

while

Jane

was

sitting

in

the

corner,alone.I

could

sense

she

was

lost

in

enormous

sadness,which

broke

my

heart.Therefore/So,wearing

a

warm

smile,I

approached

and

sat

beside

Jane.No

sooner

had

I

begun

speaking

than

Jane

looked

up,with

tears

running

down

her

face.I

patted

her

gently

on

her

back,comforting

her

patiently.After

she

told

me

about

her

being

laughed

at

because

of

her

skin

colour

and

I

encouraged

her

to

stay

positive,because

every

cloud

has

a

silver

lining.

4测效果·课堂评价Ⅰ.单句语法填空——分层级强化高频考点A组

基础必练1.Peopleexperiencedifferencesinphysicalandmental

capability(capable)dependingonthetimeofday.2.Itspopulation,largethoughitwas,wascomposed

wholly

(whole)ofboys.3.Mostmushroomssoldinsupermarketshavebeengrown

artificially

(artificial)ingreenhouses.

4.Chinesegarbage

classification

(classify)policyhascomeintooperationinseveralcities.

5.Withthe

rareness

(rare)oftheirson'sdisease,thefamilydidn'tfeeltheyhadmuchchoice.

B组

高考链接6.(2022全国乙卷)Drinksnow

contain