Unit 1 People of Achievement (高二英语精准辅导学练测) (原卷版)

20232024学年高二英语【精准辅导】学练测Unit1PeopleofAchievement目录一单元重点词汇讲解突出重难点，点拨引导学生发现问题、解决问题二单元重点短语（汉译英）精准掌握单元重点短语三单句语法填空精准掌握语法用法四课文经典回顾课本知识语法填空自测五阅读理解提升阅读的理解能力六七选五提升推理判断能力，对文章结构的理解能力和还原信息、完形短文的能力七完形填空提高学习英语的综合能力八语法填空提升逻辑判断、分析理解能力九单元重点句式训练经典句型，提高写作水平十学习背诵范文回信介绍一位你喜欢的中国历史人物十一书面表达写一篇你作为一名即将回国的交换生在欢送会上发言的发言稿一．单元重点词汇讲解1.vitaladj.必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的【常用搭配】bevitalto/for...对……极重要的beofvitalimportance(=beveryimportant=beabsolutelyvital)对……至关重要Itisvitaltodosth做某事极其重要Itisvitalthat...……是非常重要的(that从句中要用虚拟语气,即shoulddo,should可以省略)playavitalrole/part(insth)(在某事中)起到极其重要的作用[点拨]Itisnecessary/vital/importantthat...(should)dosth.，should可以省略。【即学即练】1.Goodfinancialaccountsarevital________________thesuccessofanyenterprise.

2.Itisvitalthatyou________________(keep)accuraterecordswhenyouareselfemployed.

3.Understandinghistoryisvitalto___________(understand)ourselvesasapeopleandasanation.4.Itwasvital________________(show)thathewasnotafraid.

5.我们从失败中吸取教训是至关重要的。Itis________________thatwe(should)learnsomethingfromfailure.6.阅读在语言学习中至关重要。______________________________________________________________________________________2.【词汇拓展】_________vt.承诺;保证vi.忠于;全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→_________adj.尽心尽力的,坚定的→_________n.承诺;付出;投入【常用搭配】mit...to...使……致力于……;对……作出承诺makeamitmentto(do/doing)sth承诺做某事bemittedtosth/doingsth致力于,献身于(做)某事mitmistakes/acrime犯错/犯罪mitoneselftodosth.承诺做某事mitoneselfto(doing)sth.致力于做某事【即学即练】1.Hehasmittedhimself_____________thecauseofeducation.

2.Withthehelpoftheirfather,thetwinsweremittedto________(make)deliciousbreakfast.3.Theprimeministerispersonally_____________(mit)tothisproject.4.Wemadea_____________(mit)tokeepworkingtogether.

5.我强烈建议你每天花一个小时读英语，这能逐渐提高你的英语口语。Istronglyremendthat_________________________，whichwillgraduallyimproveyourspokenEnglish.6.他一生奉献于和平事业。____________________________________________________________________________________3.【词汇拓展】___________vt.评价；评估→___________n．评价；评估【即学即练】1.Eventheschoolprinciplewould_____________(evaluate)onsuchstatistics.2.Hegotagood___________(evaluate).4.【词汇拓展】_________vt.承认(属实、权威等);(公开)感谢→_________n.承认;感谢【常用搭配】acknowledgethat...承认……acknowledgedoing/havingdonesth承认做了某事acknowledgesb/sthas/tobe...承认某人/某物是……Itisgenerally/widelyacknowledgedthat/tobe...大家公认/普遍认为……inacknowledgementofsth为了感谢……【即学即练】1.ZhengHe’sacplishmentsarenowwidely______________(acknowledge),andheisrememberedasoneofChina’smostinfluentialexplorers.

2.Englishisacknowledged______________thelanguageofbusiness,science,ITaroundtheworld.

3.Tomacknowledged____________(defeat)inthepetition,whichmadeusquitedepressed.4.大家公认这个越野赛跑是增强我们意志的机会。_______________thecrosscountryraceisanopportunitytostrengthenourwill.5.我感谢我的英语老师，没有他我不可能在英语方面取得如此巨大的进步。____________________________，withoutwhomIcouldn'thavemadesuchgreatprogressinEnglish.5.【词汇拓展】____________adj.显而易见的；明显的→____________adv.显而易见；看来；显然【常用搭配】Itisapparent/clear/obviousthat…很显然……同义clearly，obviously【即学即练】1.___________(apparent),therobberwastryingtogetawaywhenhewasshot..Apparently2.Itisapparent_______Ineedtorethinkmylifealittlebit.6.insistvi.&vt.坚持;坚决要求【常用搭配】insiston/uponsth/sb(sb’s)doingsth坚持某事/坚持要某人做某事insistthat…(should)dosth坚决要求……做某事【知识拓展】insist意为“坚决要求”时,其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。insist意为“坚持说;坚持认为”时,后面的宾语从句不用虚拟语气。其后从句谓语用“(should+)动词原形”的常用词有：一个“坚持(insist)”；两道“命令(mand，order)”；三点“建议(suggest，propose，advise)”；四项“要求(demand，require，request，ask)”。【即学即练】1.Iinsistonour_____________(take)immediateactiontoprotectourenvironment.

2.Sheinsistedthateveryone_____________(take)partintheactivity.

3.Heinsistedthathe____________(be)qualifiedforthejob.

4.只有当我们坚持经常锻炼身体我们才能保持身心健康。Onlywhenwe_________________________________physicallyandmentallyhealthy.7.【词汇拓展】_________vt.结束;断定;推断出→_________n.结论;推论;结尾【常用搭配】eto/reach/arriveat/drawaconclusion得出结论inconclusion最后;总之conclude(sth)with...以……结束conclude...from...从……中得出结论concludebydoingsth以……方式结束讲话【知识拓展】除inconclusion外,写作时表示“最后,总之”之意的短语还有:toconclude,inshort,inaword,inbrief,allinall,tosumup,onthewhole。【即学即练】1.Icanconclude______________theirremarksthattheyarenotinfavoroftheplan.

2.Thefamousnovelistconcludedhisspeech_____adistinguishedsaying“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.”3.Scientistshaveetothe___________(conclude)thatthetemperatureonourplanetisgettinghigherandhigher.

4.我从我自己的经历中得出结论：患难见真情。I__________________________________afriendinneedisafriendindeed.8.【词汇拓展】_________n．结果；后果→_________adj.随之发生的；作为结果的→_________【常用搭配】asaconsequence＝inconsequence因此；结果asaconsequenceof＝inconsequenceof因为；由于face/taketheconsequences面对/承担结果【即学即练】1.Icarelesslygottheplanruined,and__________(consequent)Ihadtofacetheconsequences.2.我祖父在医院接受治疗，因此我得照顾他。①Mygrandfatherwasundertreatmentinhospital,and____________，Ihavetoattendhim.②Mygrandfatherwasundertreatmentinhospital,and____________，Ihavetotakecareofhim.③Mygrandfatherwasundertreatmentinhospital,and____________，Ihavetocareforhim.9.takeupaposition担任;任职【常用搭配】takeupaposition担任；任职takeup拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占据(时间或空间)；学着做takeoff脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞；休假；大受欢迎takeover接管；获得对……的控制或管理takedown写下；记下；拆除takein吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗takeon呈现；雇用；承担；从事【即学即练】①Maryalwaystakesupthebookandreadswhensheisinlowspirits.________________

②Shetookupthestorywhereshehadleftoffthenightbefore.________________

③Agooddealofmytimeistakenupbydrivingthechildrentoschool.________________

④Areyougoingtotakeupthechallengeofstartingyourownbusiness?________________

⑤Hedidnotparticularlywanttotakeupapetitivesport.________________

⑥Shetookupthepianowhenshewasfiveyearsold.________________2.Icouldhardly_________whattheteachersaidinclass,whichmademeinlowspirits.3.Tom，apersonwithpassion，will________hispositionaschairmanoftheStudentAssociationattheendofnextmonth.4.Whenthedelayedflightwill_________dependsmuchontheweather.5.随着科技的发展，我们的祖国呈现出新的面貌。Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，ourcountryhas________________．10.【词汇拓展】【常用搭配】beremarkablefor以……而著称remarkableachievement显著的成就makeremarkableprogress取得非凡的进步Itisremarkablethat…值得注意的是……【即学即练】1.Shewasatruly________________(remark)woman.2.Insteadofendingupinjailorinthegutterhewas__________________(remarkable)successful.3.Itwouldberemarkable___________anyonetosurvive.11.【词汇拓展】_____________vi.总结；概括n.金额；总数；总和→_____________n.总结【常用搭配】sumup总结；概括tosumup总的来说alargesumof一大笔【即学即练】1._______________________(一大笔钱)hasbeenlost.2.Letme_______________________________(总结一下主要观点)ofthepresentation.3.___________(总的来说),therearethreemainwaysofdealingwiththeproblem.二．单元重点短语（汉译英）1.承诺致力于做某事___________________2.坚决要求___________________3.(开始)掌权；上台___________________4.担任；任职___________________5.总结；概括___________________6.由于___________________7.连续地___________________8.被误认为是______________________________________10.(正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗__________________11.流程图__________________12.理论上__________________13.得出结论__________________14.与……不同__________________15.毕业于……__________________16.坚持做某事__________________17.从……中推断__________________18.在这种情况下__________________19.对……有天赋__________________20.由于……的缘故__________________21.导致__________________22.死于__________________23.一批；一堆__________________24.冒生命危险__________________三．单句语法填空用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。1.___________(apparent),theteacherisnotsatisfiedwithyourprogress.2.Iftheyinsist____leavingnow,pleasegoahead.3.MoYanisaveryfamous_________(novel)inChina.4.TuYouyou,a____________(mit)scientist,wasborninNingbo,China.5.Weshoulddrawsome____________(conclusion)fromourfailure.6.Themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostof________recovered.7.After_______(fail)morethan190times,theyfinallysucceededin1971.8.ItisanhonorforChina’s___________(science)researchtobespreadaroundtheworld.9.He____________(gradual)becamefamousthroughouttheworldasabasketballplayer.10.TuYouyou’sresearchledtothe___________(discover)ofartemisinin(青蒿素).四．课文经典回顾课本知识语法填空自测TuYouyou,amittedandpatientscientist,wasborninNingbo,China,on30December1930,and1______________(graduate)fromPekingUniversityMedicalSchoolin1955.Aftershegraduated,sheworkedattheChinaAcademyofTraditionalChineseMedicineinBeijing.In1967,theChinesegovernmentformedateamofscientistswiththeobjectiveof2_________________(discover)anewtreatmentformalaria,andTuYouyouwasamong3__________firstresearcherschosen.In1969,shebecametheheadoftheprojectinBeijing,anddecidedtoreviewancientChinesemedicaltextstofindtraditionalbotanicaltreatments4_________thedisease.Afterfailingmorethan190times,theteam5____________(final)succeededin1971.TuYouyouand6_________(she)teammemberseveninsistedontestingthemedicineonthemselvestomakesurethatitwassafe.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalaria7_____________(patient),mostofwhomrecovered.Thismedicine,8__________wascalledartemisinin,soonbecameastandardtreatmentformalaria.Ithasbeeavitalpartofthe9____________(treat)formalaria,andisthoughttosave100,000livesayearinAfricaalone.OnOctober5th2015,TuYouyou10______________(award)theNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicine.五.阅读理解阅读下面题文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。[2023·山东省济宁市高三上学期期中]ThebeautifulislandcountryofMadagascarhasaseriousschoolshortage.AboutathirdofMalagasychildrenhavenoaccesstoeducationbecausetheschoolsaretoofarawayorseverelyovercrowded.ThinkingHuts,anon­profitorganizationdedicatedtoincreasingglobalaccesstoeducation,planstotackletheissuewithaseriesof3D­printedschools,thefirstofwhichwaspletedinApril2022.The765­square­feetstructure,namedBougainvillea,willhouse30students.Theconstructionbeganwiththeprinterpouringacement­like(水泥状)mixtureinapatterntocreatethewalls.Theentireprocesstookjust18hours!Theroof,doorsandwindowswerelocallysourced,andthewallsweremadeofacementmixturethatcanresistbigenvironmentalpressuresinthearea.Bougainvilleawas3Dprintedby14Trees,apanywithexperienceprintingbuildingsthroughoutKenyaandMalawi.MaggieGrouts,the22­year­oldfounderofThinkingHuts,isaseniorattheUniversityofColoradoandwasjust15whenshestartedThinkingHuts.Adoptedfromaruralvillagewhenshewas18monthsold,Groutrealizedthatnotallkidswereasfortunateasherandwantedtohelp.Theideaforthe3D­printedschoolscametoherafterbrainstormingwithherfatheronwaystousethetechnologyforthegreatergood.The3Dprintingapproachshrinkstheconstructionturnaroundtimefrommonthstodays,aswellasthecost.Thisallowsmoreschoolstobebuiltinlesstimeandreducesthebuilding'scarbonfootprints.Andthesesavingsintime,costandmaterialsmeetarealneedforeducationinfrastructure(基础设施)tohelpbridgetheglobalopportunitygap.“ThinkingHutshopestohaveaThinkingHutineverymunitywherechildrendonothaveaplaceforeducationandisfundraisingtodevelopthisgoal.Byusing3Dprinting,wearebiningthepotentialoftechnologywitharchitecturalsolutionsthattacklerealproblemstheworldfaceswithineducation，”saysGrouts.1．Whatare3D­printedschoolsintendedfor?A.Reducingconstructionwastes.B.Helpingdealwithashortageofschools.C.Providinghigh­qualityeducationforlocalstudents.D.Drawingpublicattentionto3D­printingtechnology.2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesBougainvillea?A.Ithasaplexarchitecturalstructure.B.Itfeaturesstrongresistancetobadweather.C.Itisbuiltwiththehelpofthelocalgovernment.D.Itcanholdmorestudentsthantraditionalschools.3．WhatcanbeinferredaboutMaggieGroutsfromthetext?A.Sheistrulycreativeandwarmhearted.B.Shehadnoaccesstoschoolasachild.C.Sheisdevotedtodesigning3D­printedproducts.D.Sheraisedmoneyforkidsfromruralareas.4．WhatismainlytalkedaboutinParagraph4?A.Theadvantagesof3D­printedschools.B.Thewidepopularityof3D­printingtechnology.C.Thesignificanceofnarrowingtheglobalopportunitygap.D.Theimpactof3D­printedbuildingsontheenvironment.六．七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。[2023·泰安市高三期中]Foryears,friendshipinAmericahasbeenindecline.__1__Friendshipcanbeanimportantfactorinwell­being,whilelonelinesscanbeassociatedwithdepressionandanxietyorheartdiseaseandstroke.Julianne,aprofessorofpsychology,said,“__2__”3__Anotherstudyfoundmiddle­agedwomenwhohadthreeormorefriendstendedtohavehigherlevelsofsatisfaction.__4__Lonelinessisasortofsignaloralarmsystem.Everyonefeelslonelyfromtimetotime,butthisisadeeperquestionaboutwhetheryouregularlyfeelleftoutorisolated.OnerecentsurveysuggestedthatroughlyoneinthreeAmericanshaveexperienced“seriousloneliness”.Italsohelpstoaskyourselfiftherearepartsofyouridentitythatfeelrestricted.5__Dr.Hall'sresearchsuggeststhatonaverage,veryclosefriendshipstendtotakearound200hourstodevelop.Quantityandqualitygohand­in­hand.Yourpersonalityandthecharacteristicsofyourlifearegoingtomakeadifference,sotrytomakesomeclosefriends.A．Friendshipisveryimportanttopeople.B．Howcanyoutellifyouneedmorefriends?C．Lonelinessisasharmfultohealthassmoking.D．Whatdoyouneedtomakemorefriends?E．Thetrendhasbeenacceleratedduringthepandemic.F．Theamountoftimeyouspendwithyourfriendsmatters,too.G．Onestudyshowedpeoplehavingsixormorefriendshavebetterhealth.七、完形填空阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。[2023·惠州市高三第一次调研]Onesummerday,Bella,ourpetdog,wasinthebushesinourbackyardmakingallsortsofnoises.Our11­year­olddaughter,Kaitlin,discoveredhersniffingandpawingata__1__，whereseveralcaterpillars(毛毛虫)chewedleaves.MyhusbandandIquiteworriedthatourbackyard—a__2__hangoutofbirds,squirrels,andneighborhoodcats—wasn'tthesafestenvironmentfor__3__caterpillars.Sowegotabutterflyhousewherethecaterpillarscould__4__transformthemselves.Eachday,whenwetookthebutterflyhousetothebackyard,Bella__5__withit.Eachnight,whenwebroughtitbackinside,Bella__6__，andthensleptunderthetableonwhichitrested.Wedidn'tknowwhyBellawasso__7__，butshewasthereforeverystepofthebuddingbutterflies'__8__．Finally,thecaterpillarsturnedintobeautifulqueenbutterflies.__9__，Belladidn'tseemworriedwhenKaitlin__10__them.Infact,Bellaseemedtounderstandthatthiswaspartofthe__11__.Itwasn'tuntilonelastbutterflywouldn'tflyawaythatBellaexpressed__12__.Shegentlyrestedherheadnearthe__13__flier,whichcrawledontohernose.Bellaliftedherhead,pointedhernose,andletoutone__14__.Awayflewthequeenbutterfly,movingherwingslightlyupanddown,seeminglyneedingalittle__15__fromafriendtobeginhermigration.1．A.cave B．branchC．bone D．dustbin2．A.messy B．rareC．frequent D．noisy3．A.delicate B．tinyC．gentleD．delicious4．A.graduallyB．fortablyC．safelyD．easily5．A.fought B．dealtC．agreed D．moved6．A.followedB．leftC．hesitated D．ignored7．A.curious B．annoyedC．scaredD．attached8．A.journey B．transformationC．tragedyD．flight9．A.Fortunately B．DelightfullyC．Surprisingly D．Thankfully10．A.releasedB．cuppedC．hurt D．approached11．A.experiment B．adventureC．cycle D．rescue12．A.love B．concernC．doubt D．gratitude13．A.stubbornB．abnormalC．brave D．unwilling14．A.sigh B．cryC．cheer D．regret15．A.benefit B．hugC．understandingD．push八．语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。[2023·郑州市第二次质量检测]Aftertraveling1.________spaceforsevenmonths,China'sTianwen­1probe(探测器)hasreachedMarsand2.________(smooth)enteredtheorbitonFebruary10，2021,accordingtoChinaNationalSpaceAdministration.Theadministrationalsopublishedablack­and­whitepictureofMarstakenbyTianwen­13.________theprobewasabout2.2millionkilometersfromMars.Thename“Tianwen”，4.________(borrow)fromanancientChinesepoembyQuYuanofthestateofChu,5.________(mean)“thequestforheavenlytruth”.Tianwen­1,thecountry'sfirst6.________(independence)Marsmission(任务),waslaunchedbyaLongMarch5heavy­liftcarrierrocket,byfarthe7.________(large)launchvehicleinChina,fromtheWenchangSpaceLaunchCenterinHainanProvince,onJuly23,2020.Themission8.________(design)tostudythepositionoftheMartianatmosphereaswellascontributetotheongoingsearchforpastandpresentlife.9.________willbethefirstmissioninspacehistorytopleteorbiting,landingandwanderingatatime.Thefinalgoalistosoft­landaroverinMayonthesouthernpartofMars'UtopiaPlanitia10.________(conduct)scientificsurveys.单元重点句式1.[教材原句]UponhearingthatshehadbeenawardedtheNobelPrize,shesaid,“Thehonourisnotjustmine.”获悉自己被授予诺贝尔奖时,她说:“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我。”句型：upon/ondoing(that)...表示“一……就……”on或upon后面也可以直接加名词。说明：“一……就……”的其他表达方式:①assoonas,nosooner...than...,hardly/scarcely...when...等。②副词用作连词:immediately,directly等。③名词用作连词:theminute/themoment/theinstant等。④at引导的一些介词短语,如atthesightof(一看到),atthethoughtof(一想到),atthesoundof(一听到)等。练透：1.On________________(arrive)homeIdiscoveredtheyhadgone.

2.Wewerefilledwithexcitement______________thethoughtofvisitingtheGreatWall.

3.________________________(她刚一说完)thansheburstintotears.

4._____________________________(我们刚坐下用晚餐)whenthephonerang.

2.[教材原句]ItisindeedanhonourforChina'sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.中国的科学研究和中医药走向世界，确实是一种荣誉。句型：“Itisanhonourforsb.todosth.”意为“对某人来说做某事是一种荣幸”练透：1.我真诚地希望你的梦想会实现，当那一天到来时，带你参观北京是我的荣幸。Isincerelyhopeyourdreamwilletrueand______________________________whenthatdayes.3.[教材原句]ItisindeedanhonourforChina'sscientificresearchandChinesemedicinetobespreadaroundtheworld.中国的科学研究和中医药走向世界，确实是一种荣誉。句型：Itis＋过去分词＋that从句说明：it作形式主语的常用句式：①Itbe＋anhonour＋forsb.todosth./Itisone'sgreathonourtodosth.②Itbe＋过去分词(said，thought，believed，suppo