Unit 2 Section A（学生版）八年级英语上册讲义（人教版）

Unit2SectionA目标导航目标导航单词houseworkn.家务劳动；家务事hardlyadv.几乎不；几乎没有fulladj.忙的；满的；充满的everadv.在任何时候；从来；曾经swingn.摆动；秋千v.(使）摆动；摇摆onceadv.一次；曾经maybeadv.大概；或许；可能twiceadv.两次；两倍leastadv.最小；最少adj.&pron.最小的；最少的Internetn.(国际）互联网；因特网短语gotothemovies=gotothecinemaonweekends=atweekends(泛指）在周末看电影ontheweekend=attheweekend在这个周末，在本周末usetheInternet使用互联网havelessons上课helpwithhousework帮忙做家务hardlyever几乎从不swingdance摇摆舞watchTV看电视stayup(late)熬夜（到很晚）goshopping去购物playsports=dosports做运动twiceaweek每周两次atleast至少；不少于；起码onceaweek每周一次gotobedearly早睡junkfood垃圾食品everyday每天（作时间状语）用法归纳1.help(sb.)withsth.sth.=help(sb.)todosth.帮助（某人）做某事3.有时sometimes/attimes/fromtimetotimehowsoon还要多久howoften多久一次howlong多长（时间或物体长度）howfar多远howmanytimes多少次（≥3)+times······次7.befree有空的；自由的8.full相关短语befull忙的befullof充满······9.Howe?为什么？／怎么会呢？10.havea/an...lesson上······课11.Whatkindof...?什么种类的······?12.Howabout/Whatabout...?······怎么样？（用来询问情况、提出建议或征求意见）句子1.HowoftendoyouwatchTV?你多久看一次电视？2.Whatkindofdanceareyoulearning?你在学哪种舞蹈？3.Hmm...nextweekisquitefullforme,Jack,嗯··..··杰克，我下周很忙。知识精讲知识精讲知识点01howoften的用法（高频考点）课文原句Howoftendoyouexercise?你多久做一次运动？（P9)用法howoften意为“多久一次”，用来对动作发生的频率进行提问。－Howoftendoyougotothelibrary?你多长时间去一次图书馆？－Twiceaweek/Everyday.每周去两次／每天都去。辨析howoften,howlong,howsoonhowoften多久一次，对频率提问howlong多久、多长时间，对时间段提问howsoon多久，对将来的时间提问－Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?你在这儿住多久了？－For20.20years.二十年了。－Howsoonwillyourhusbandeback?你丈夫多久才能回来？－He'llebackin3days.他三天后回来。拓展由how构成的特殊疑问短语还有：howold多大年龄（对年龄进行提问）howfar多远（对距离进行提问）howmany多少（对可数名词的量进行提问howmuch多少；多少钱（对不可数名词的量或价格进行提问）howlong多长（对物体的长度进行提问）howheavy多重（对重量进行提问）howwide多宽（对宽度进行提问）【即学即练1】－doyougototheschoollibrary?－Twiceaweek.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.HowsoonD.Howmuch解析：考查特殊疑问词辨析。答语表示的是频率，用Howoften“多久一次”来提问。知识点02onweekends在周末教材原句Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?用法onweekends相当于atweekends,意思是“在周末”。同样的意思也可以使用ontheweekend或attheweekend.Thesmallshopisclosedon/attheweekend.这个小商店周末不开门。拓展：weekday“工作日”指星期一到星期五；onweekdays在工作日。【即学即练2】不论是在工作日还是在周末，张桂梅都和她的学生们待在一起。NomatteronweekdaysorZhangGuimeialwaysstayswithherstudents.答案：atweekends知识点03helpwith在某方面帮助教材原句helpwithhousework帮忙做家务（P9)用法后面接表示物的名词e.g.Theworkisdifficult.Ineedsomeonetohelpwithit.这项工作很难。我需要有人来帮忙。Sheoftenhelpshermotherwithhousework.她经常帮助妈妈做家务。helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事help作名词时的常用短语：①withthehelpof...在···的帮助下②one'shelp没有某人的帮助拓展：help作动词，常见用法：helponeselftosth.随便吃/喝······Pleasehelpyourselftosomebread.请随便吃些面包吧。can't/couldn'thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事Whenheheardthegoodnews,hecouldn'thelpjumping.当他听到这个好消息时，他情不自禁地跳起来了。Mybrotheroftenhelpsme(to)domyhomework..=Mybrotheroftenhelpsmewithmyhomework.我哥哥经常帮我做家庭作业。【即学即练3】IoftenhelpmyparentshouseworkonSundays.解析：用“固定搭配法”。本句的谓语动词是help,后面接宾语“myparents”，构成了“sth.”这一固定结构，意思是：帮助某人做某事。知识点04sometimes有时辨析：sometimes,sometimes,sometime与sometimesometimes频度副词意为“有时；间或”，相当于attimes.可用于句首、句中或句末。对其提问要使用howoften.sometimes名词短语意为“几次；几回”，其中time是可数名词，意思是“次；回”。对其提问要使用howmanytimes.sometime副词意为“在某个时候”，表示某个不确定或不具体的时间，常用于过去时或将来时，对其提问要使用when.sometime名词短语意为“一段时间”，常和延续性动词连用，对其提问要使用howlong.速记小法：分开是“一段”（sometime),牵手是“sometime);分加s是“倍；次”（sometines),合加s是“有时”（sometimes)【即学即练4】Tomisagoodstudent.Hedoeshishomeworkafterschool,butheplaysbasketballwithhisfriends.A.usually;oftenB.usually;usuallyC.usually;sometimesD.never;usually解析：考查频率副词。usually意为“通常”，表示的频率大，sometimes意为“有时”，表示的频率小。知识点05hardly几乎不；几乎没有教材原句hardlyever用法作副词，本身表示否定，不能与否定词连用。e.g.Withoutaccumulating,wecanhardlyachieveanything.不积跬步，无以至千里。拓展：如果一个陈述句中出现hardly,改成反意疑问句时，附加部分要使用肯定式。e.g.Hehardlygoestoworkbycar,doeshe?他几乎不开车去上班，对吗？语境串记：Icanhardlybelieveheispracticinghardintheyard.It'shardtoexerciseoutsidewhenitblowshard.我几乎不能相信他正在院子里努力训练。当风刮得很猛烈的时候在户外训练是很困难的。－言辨异Icanhardlybelievemyeyes.It'sraininghard,butpeopleareinthefields.Theyareworkinghard.Theyaretoohard.我简直不敢相信我的眼睛。雨下得很大，但人们都在地里。他们正在努力工作。他们太辛苦了。重点考点hardly(否定词）用于反意疑问句时，后半句用肯定提问。Shehardlyeatsanything,doesshe?她几乎什么都不吃，是吗？注意hardly为否定词，否定词还有never,seldom,few,little,no,nothing等。【即学即练5】Whentherainstormcame,itbegantorainandthewindblewstrongly.解析考查词义辨析。句意：暴雨来临时，天开始下起了大雨，风刮得很大。hard做形容词，意为“困难的”；做副词，意为“努力地；猛烈地”；hardly做副词，意为“几乎不”；heavy做形容词，意为“重的；沉的”。空格处修饰动词rain(下雨），应用副词。由句意可知，此处表达“下大雨”，故选A.知识点06once的用法教材原句onceaweek每周一次（P10)用法once做副词，意为“一次”。twice表示“两次”，三次及以上用“数字十times”。onceaday一天一次twiceamonth一月两次threetimesaday一天三次拓展once做副词，意为“曾经”，常用于一般过去时。Heoncetoldmeabouthishobbyasachild.他曾经告诉过我他儿时的爱好。固定搭配atonce立刻，马上；onceuponatime从前（过去时标致词）；onceinawhile偶尔；onceagain再一次。知识点07full的用法（高频考点）教材原句······我下周已经安排得很满了，杰克。用法full做形容词，有以下用法1.忙的2.满的3.饱的Herlifewastoofulltofindtimeforhobbies.她的生活太忙，没有业余爱好的时间。拓展befullof表示状态，意为“装满／充满·····.”，相当于befilledwith,意为“充满；装满”，强调动作。一言辨异Herheartisfilledwiththesadfeelingsandhereyesarefullof/arefilledwithtears.悲伤充满她的心间，她眼里满是泪水。注意fill...with...指“用··装····一言辨异Bobfilledthebottlewithsandlastnight.Sothebottleisfilledwith/fullofsandnow.昨天晚上鲍勃用沙子装满了这个瓶子。所以这个瓶子现在装满了沙子。【即学即练6】根据汉语提示完成句子Afterhearingtheexcitingnews,shegotsoexcitedthathereyes（充满，填满）tears.答案wereful1of/werefilledwith知识点08whatkind引导特殊疑问句的用法教材原句Whatkindofdanceareyoulearning?你在学哪一种舞蹈？（P10)用法whatkind意为“什么种类”，－whatkindofmusic什么种类的音乐。－Whatkindofmusicdoyoulikebest?你最喜欢什么种类的音乐？－Popmusic.流行音乐。拓展what和名词构成的特殊疑问what+名词短语有：whatsport什么活动whatcolor什么颜色whatsize什么尺码whatanimal什么动物whattime什么时间whatclub什么俱乐部whatclass哪个班whatlanguage什么语言知识点09maybe的用法教材原句Igotothemoviesmaybeonceamonth.我大概每个月看一次电影。（P11)用法maybe做副词，意为“或许；大概；可能”，表示说话人对当前的事有疑问，不肯定，位于句首，与possibly和perhaps同义，在句中做状语。Maybeitwillraintomorrow.明天可能要下雨。辨析maybe,maybemaybe副词或许；也许位于句首，与possibly,perhaps同义，做状语。maybe情态动词＋be动词也许是；可能是用于句中，做谓语，表示可能性较小的推测。一言辨异Maybeyouarerightandhemaybeonhiswaytoschool.也许你是对的，他可能是正在上学的路上。知识点10stayup的用法教材原句Howoftendotheystayuplate?他们多长时间熬一次夜？（P11)用法stayup相当于stayuplate,意为“熬夜；不睡觉”。Istayeduptowriteareportlastnight.昨晚我熬夜写报告。固定搭配stayhealthy保持健康stayathome待在家里stayawayfrom远离stay/bein知识点11atleast的用法教材原句Heplaysatleasttwiceaweek.他每周至少踢两次。（P11)用法atleast表示“至少”，修饰时间、距离、长度等，反义短语为atmost(最多；至多）。least是little的最高级形式。Teenagersshouldsleepatleasteighthoursanight.青少年每晚至少应该睡8个小时。拓展其他含at的易考短语：atfirst首先，起初；atlast最后；atnight在晚上；not...atall一点儿也不;atthesametime同时；atnoon在正午；attimes有时；atonce立刻；attheendof...在······结尾；atthebeginningof...在······开始；atpresent目前。【即学即练7】－Howmanymembersarethereinyourclub?－Eightthisterm,buttherewillbetwentynextterm.A.atleastB.atpresentC.atallD.atonce解析考查介词短语辨析。句意为“在你的俱乐部里有多少个成员？”“本学期8个，但下学期将至少20个。”。根据语境，表示“至少20个”要用atleast,故选A.能力拓展能力拓展考法01知识点09haveto的用法（高频考点）教材原句Oh,Ihavetoplaytenniswithmyfriends.哦，我得跟朋友们打网球。（P10)用法haveto意为“必须；不得不”，表示客观上要做的事，必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。其否定句、疑问句与实义动词的变化规律一致。Shedoesn'thavetoetoschooltomorrow.她明天不必到学校来。注意haveto和must都有“必须”之意，但是haveto侧重于强调客观条件需要做的事情，而must侧重于表示说话人的主观看法，认为有义务，有必要去做某事。Hisgrandpahastostayinbedbecauseheisill.他爷爷病了，不得不卧床休息。Wemustkeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.我们必须保持教室干净整洁。重要考点haveto用于must开头的一般疑问句的否定回答。此时don't/doesn'thaveto相当于needn't.mustn't表示“禁止；一定不要”。－Mom,mustIgohomenow?妈妈，我现在必须回家吗？cangohomealittlelater.不，你不必。你可以晚点回家。Wemustn'teatinclass.我们在课堂上禁止吃东西。【典例1】－MustImakeaphonecalltohimnow?－No,you.Youwriteanemail.A.mustn't;mayB.maynot;mustC.shouldn't;mustD.don'thaveto;may解析考查情态动词辨析。句意为“我必须现在打给他吗？”“不，不需要。你可以给他写电子邮件。”。以must开头的一般疑问句的否定回答用“No,...needn't.”或＂No,...don'thaveto.”，故选D.分层提分分层提分题组A基础过关练一、单项选择1．Nowpeoplecandomanythingstheywantathomebecauseofthe__________.Theycanorderfood,buyclothesandhaveclasses.A．world B．Internet C．supermarket D．restaurant2．Heoften________me________mymath.SoIambeingbetteratmaththisterm.A．helped;with B．helped;to C．helps;with D．helps;to3．Ifyoumustgo,________waituntiltherainisover.A．atmost B．atleast C．atlast D．atfirst4．Thisweekisso________forme.CouldIgoshoppingwithyounextweek?A．happy B．hungry C．full D．free5．It’snot________tolearnputersifyouwork________.A．hard,hardly B．hardly,hardly C．hardly,hard D．hard,hard6．—What’syourfavorite________?—SportsWorld.A．food B．sport C．program D．subject7．Speaklouder,please!Ican

________

hearyou.A．easily B．hardly C．usually D．pletely8．Whatdoesheusuallydo________weekends?A．in B．on C．for D．of9．—______dotheygotothecountrysidetoexercise?—Hardlyever.A．Howlong B．Howfar C．Howsoon D．Howoften10．He______latetowatchafootballmatchlastnight.A．gotup B．stayedup C．putup D．cutup二、用所给单词的正确形式填空1．MymothergoestoBeijing__________________(two)amonth.2．Althoughthelittlegirlhasonlybeenthere________(one)before,shefoundthewayeasily.3．Theparkhasbeenhereforat________(little)50years.4．—Howoftendoeshegoshopping?—He_________(hard)evergoesshopping.5．Henever________（watch）TVathomeonweekdays.6．Therearenotany________(programmer)onTVnow.7．Someofmyclassmatesdon'tliketogo________(shop).8．Hismothergoesshoppingthree______________(time)aweek.9．Everyonewants__________(have)astrongbody.10．Theoldman_______________(exercise)everymorning.三、根据汉语提示填空1．LiJunisagoodboy.Heoftenhelpshisparentsdothe_______(家务活)athome.2．Wecan________（几乎不）believeweareinthecitycentre.It’ssoquiet.3．Iusuallysleepfor________sevenhoursanight.

(至少；不少于)4．HewatchesTV________(两次)aweek.5．Heisn’tatschoolnow._______(或许)heisathome.6．Haveyou__________（曾经）beentoAustralia?7．Isometimesgohome________（一次）amonth.8．Theboxis________(满的).Youcan’tputthebooksinit.9．Youcandoalmostanythingonthe________(网络)thesedays.10．Janeandherbrotherarelearning________________(摇摆舞).题组B能力提升练一、阅读理解WhatdoyouusuallydoontheInternet?IloveshoppingontheInternet.Isitinfrontoftheputerforhours.Ishopeveryday.Icanalwaysfindcheapbutgoodthingsonline.SometimesIwatchmoviesorlistentosongs.MissWu,anofficeladyAsastudent,I'malwaysbusyfromMondaytoFriday.IonlysurftheInternetonweekends.Ioftenplayputergamesandchatwithmyfriendsonline.LiHuiIcan'tworkwithouttheInternet.Ineedittosendandreceiveemails.Iwriteatleasttwentyemailseachday.WhenIamfree,Ialsolovetoreadnewsonline.

Mr.Liu,amanagerI’mahousewifeandIlikecooking.Iwriteblogsaboutmycookingandupload(上传)thephotosofmydisheseveryday.Ilovereadingpeople’sreply(回复).AndI’mhappythattheylovemydishes.Mrs.Tao1．WhatdoesMissWudoontheInterneteveryday?A．Shedoessomeshopping.B．Shewatchesmovies.C．Shelistenstomusic.D．Shereadsbooks.2．HowoftenmayLiHuiplayputergames?A．Everyday.B．Onceortwiceaweek.C．Threetimesayear.D．Onceamonth.3．WholovestoreadnewsontheInternet?A．MissWu. B．LiHui. C．Mr.Liu. D．Mrs.Tao.4．WhatdoesMrs.Taouploadeveryday?A．Thephotosofherdishes.B．Thephotosofhergames.C．Thephotosofherparties.D．Thephotosofherfriends.5．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．MissWualwayssellsclothes.B．LiHuiwritesemailsintheevening.C．Mr.Liuplaysputergameseveryday.D．ManypeopleloveMrs.Tao'sblogs.二、补全对话7选5A:Hello,Jill.___1___B:No,I’mquitebusy.A:Really?B:Yes.IhavetwomusiclessonsandIhavelotsofhomeworktodo.A:___2___B:Threetimesaweek,onMonday,ThursdayandSaturday.A:___3___B:Popmusic.A:__4___B:No,I’mnot.A:Great!__5___B:Sure.Iwanttogotheretorelax.A．Whatkindofmusicareyoulearning?B．AreyoufreethisSaturday?C．Whatcanyoudo?D．Canyougotothebeachwithme?E．Howoftendoyouhavemusiclessons?F．Doyouwanttobeamusicteacher?G．Well,areyoubusythisSunday?三、完形填空Jackisa___1___writer.Lotsofpeoplelikehimandhisworks.Jackisdifferent____2____manyotherwriters.Althoughheneedstoworkathomeandhelikesreadingandwatchingdifferent____3____ofTVshows,hedoesn’talwaysstayathome.Helikesgoingoutsideandexercising.___4___,heoftenruns,swimsandgoesskateboarding.___5___healsogoescampingwithhisfriends.Hehasmanygoodhabitssoheisveryhappy.Andheisalwaysingood___6___.Howcanhekeephealthy?He___7___ussomeadvice(建议).

Let’shavealooktogether.First,keep___8___everyday.Hegetsupat6:00a.m.and___9___foronehoureverymorning.Andhewalkstomountainsthreetimesaweek.Sodon’tbelazy.Second,remembertohave____10____.It’sveryimportant.Healwayshasalotofporridge,breadormilk___11____doingmorningexercises.Then____12____afterworking.Don’tworrytoomuchaboutyour____13____.Itisn’t____14____foryourhealth.Youcantrylisteningtomusicorwalkingwithfriendsifyouhavetime.He’ssureitwill___15____youhaveahealthybody.1．A．mon B．lucky C．famous D．fresh2．A．in B．from C．of D．with3．A．kinds B．cultures C．reasons D．roles4．A．Becauseof B．Forexample C．Sofar D．Infact5．A．Hardly B．Finally C．Sometimes D．Luckily6．A．life B．interest C．mind D．health7．A．plans B．gives C．finds D．teaches8．A．working B．writing C．exercising D．reading9．A．runs B．watches C．drives D．jumps10．A．meal B．dinner C．breakfast D．lunch11．A．when B．if C．after D．as12．A．relax B．talk C．practice D．leave13．A．friends B．work C．homework D．housework14．A．bad B．good C．nice D．cool15．A．make B．try C．hope D．decide题组C培优拔尖练一、单项选择1．（2021·江苏徐州·中考真题）—Howmanymembersarethereinyourclub?—Eightthisterm,buttherewillbetwenty________nextterm.A．atleast B．atpresent C．atall D．atonce2．（2021·山东济南·二模）—HaveyoueverbeentoHongKong?—No,_______.IhopeIcangotherenextyear.A．never B．sometimes C．often D．always3．（2021·四川乐山·