雅思小作文-折线图与趋势-

雅思A类写作TASK1第一讲折线图与趋势折线图和部分柱状图、饼状图以及表格通常用来显示某一段时间内事物的变化情况以及变化趋势，因此首先我们要先学习如何描述趋势变化。总体来讲，趋势描写：（1）要总结事物变化的总体趋势；（2）要叙述事物某个时间段内的变化情况。描写趋势六要素要素含义与难点例子事物要素指的是线条所代表的事物，常由名词、词组或代词体现Tourists,food方向要素上升/增加；下降/减少；保持平稳；反复波动；到达顶点；到达低谷（最基本的六种）Increase,decrease程度要素急剧地/突然地轻微的/逐渐的（主要有两类）Slightly,slowly数据要素难点为数据前所加介词的用法to,by,from...to..,between....and...From50milesto200miles时间要素难点为时间前所加介词的用法：in,on,at,from..to..,during,between..and...InJanuary,at6.00am连接要素句子间运用对比、比较、递进、增补、时间等连接手段Whereas,whenExample:Thegraphshowsthesalesoflaptopsinacompanyin2010.时间事物方向程度数据连接BetweenJanuaryandFebruary,salesoflaptopsincreasedslightlyfrom10thousandto2thousand.Incontrast,duringthenextmonthitssalesvolumerosedramaticallyto90,000units.However趋势描写常用的词汇RosetoAriseinSwelledtoAswellinIncreasedtoAnincreaseinWentuptoAgrowthinAscendedtoAnascenttoClimbeduptoAnupwardtrendinSoaredtoAsoarBoomedtoAboominFelltoAfallinReducedtoAreductioninDeclinedtoAdeclineinWentdowntoAslideinDecreasedtoAdecreaseinPlungedtoAdownwardtrendofCollapsedtoAcollapseinSlumpedtoAslumpinStayedconstantatRemainedstableatNochangeinMaintainedthesamelevelatLeveledoutatOnalevelwithPeakedatApeakofFluctuatedaroundAfluctuationaroundStoodatPlateauedatReachedaplateauat剧烈的dramaticallydramaticsubstantiallysubstantialsurprisinglysurprisingnoticeablynoticeablestrikinglyStrikingconsiderablyconsiderableremarkableremarkableobviouslyobviousenormouslyenormoussignificantlysignificant轻微的moderatelymoderategraduallygradualslightlySlightslowlyslowsteadilySteadyminimallysmall最高点ArrivedataclimaxReachedamaximumnumber/amountofHitapeak/peakatSoared/rocketedtoahighestpointof最低点HitahistoriclowTouched/reachedthebottomofHitatroughReachedalowestpointofExercise1:Therewasan_______inthenumberofmachinessoldin2012.Thenumberofmachinessold_________in2012.Thenumberofmachinessold________steadilyin2012.2012sawasteady________inthenumberofmachinessold.Thenumberofmachinessold_______in2012.Therewasanobviously________trendinthenumberofmachinessoldin2012.Thenumberofmachinessoldwas_____________(onthe.....)onthewayup/ontheup/ontheriseExercise2:FollowthepatternofExercise1finish7sentencesdescribingthechartbelow.1.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________引入段的写法图表作文第一段要写的成功需要牢记以下几点：概括介绍图表的所有要素：图表类型、研究对象、数据形式、地区和时间等。对原来题目进行改写或推翻避免抄袭，同近义词的互相转化，动词词组与句子的替换，定语的灵活转换。Example：ThetablegivesabreakdownofdifferenttypesoffamilywhowerelivinginpovertyinAustraliain2009.Thechartgivesinformationaboutpost-schoolqualificationsintermsofdifferentlevelsoffurthereducationreachedbymenandwomeninAustraliain2009.ThechartscomparethesourcesofelectricityinAustraliaandFranceintheyears1980and2000.AglanceatthegraphprovidedrevealssomestrikingsimilaritiesbetweenChineseandUSbirthratesduringtheperiod1920-2000.GivenaretwographsconcerningcriminalityinBritain.ThebarchartsdescribethefigureofBritishpeopleparticipatingindifferentlevelsofeducationin1990and2010.Thegraphshowshowtheamountofwaterusedworldwidechangedbetween1900and2000.Thegraphillustratesthechangesintheamountofbeef,lamb,chickenandfishconsumedinaparticularEuropeancountrybetween1979and2012.主体段写法方向要素词性转换Thenumberofthepatientsreducedsteadilyto3casesonthe30thofDecemberThepatients’numberhadasteadyreductionto3casesonthe30thofDecember.程度要素词汇替换Afteranone-hourremarkablegrowth/growingsignificantlyfrom3pm.,thepassengersinthesubwayrapidlyreachedamaximumamount/swiftlyarrivedataclimax,400peopleat4pm..数据要素不同表达方式Thesmokingpopulationascendeddramaticallyfrom1970,with2mpeople;andthensoaredatapeakin1980,whichis8mbeforeaslightfluctuation(from4m,7mto5m).连接要素关系词语运用TherewasaslightincreaseinthenumberofTVaudiencesfromabout3%at6:00am.Toabout7%at8:00am..Sincethen,italmosthadnochangebutremainedstable.After12:00am.,thenumberofTVaudiencesrosesharplyuntil8:00pm.,peakingatalittleover40%.Fromthenon,thenumberfellrapidlyuntilaround6:00am.nextmorning.SampleTaskThegraphshowstheincomeoffourcafesinNewYorkoverlastyear.ThegraphprovidesfiguresoftheincometrendsoffourcafesinNewYorkCityoverthelastyear.Therearetwobasicgeneraltrends:downwardandupward,asregardsthefirst,theearningsforHomeCoffeeweredownovertheyear,fallingsignificantlyfromalmost$160,000earningamonthtojustunder$50,000inDecember.Incontrast,theincomefortheotherthreecafeswentupbyvaryingdegrees.TherewasariseinCafeCool’ssalesoverthefirsttenmonths,followedbyasuddenincreaseto$120,000.Furthermore,theincomeforbothInternetExpressandtheHI!CafeendedtheyearupinDecember.TheformerexperiencedasteadyfalltoMay,butafterthat,incomerosesteadilyendingtheyearatapproximately$130,000.Likewise,thetrendforHi!Cafewasupward.BetweenJanuarytoJuly,earningsdoubledfrom$50,000tonearly$100,000andthenrocketedtoaround190,000.ItisnoticeablethattheincomeforHomeCoffeeislowerinthewintermonthsthanfortheotherthreecafes.Task1:ThegraphbelowshowsthesizeoftheozoneholeoverAntarcticaandtheproductionofthreeozone-damaginggasesfrom1980to2000.Summarizetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeaturesandmakecomparisonswhererelevant.Task2Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.Thegraphbelowshowsthedifferencesinwheatexportsoverthreedifferentareas.Writeareportforauniversitylecturerdescribingtheinformationshownbelow.Writeatleast150words.Task3Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.Thegraphandtablebelowgiveinformationaboutwateruseworldwideandwaterconsumptionintwodifferentcountries.Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.Task4Task1ThetwolinegraphsfeaturethechangesinthesizeoftheozoneholeovertheAntarcticaregionandtheproductionofthreegaseswhichcausedthedamagetotheozonelayerovertwodecadesfrom1980to2000.In1980,theozoneholewasthesmallest(about400thousandsquarekms),but20yearslater,itwasenlargedby9timesto3.6millionsquarekms.Theonlyperiodwhenadecreaseinitssizecanbenoticedwastheearly1990s(from2to1.2millionsquarekms).Therewereabout70milliontonesofCFE-11producedin1980,whichstabilizedfor2yearsbeforeexperiencingaslightdiptobelow10milliontonsinthelate1990s.TheproductionofCFC-12,however,showedanupwardtrendthroughoutthe20-yearperiodfrom25to50milliontons,outweighingthatofCFC-11in1989.N2Oshowedadifferentpicture.Before1990,noN2Owasproduced,butitsproductionclimbedrapidlytoabout40milliontonsin2000.Inconclusion,overthelasttwodecadesofthe20thcentury,theexpansionoftheozoneholeoverAntarcticawascausedmainlybyCFC-12andN2O.Task2sampleThethreegraphsofwheatexportseachshowaquitedifferentpatternbetween1985and1990.ExportsfromAustraliadeclinedoverthefive-yearperiod,whiletheCanadianmarketfluctuatedconsiderably,andtheEuropeanCommunityshowedanincrease.In1985,Australiaexportedabout15millionsoftonnesofwheatandthefollowingyearthenumberincreasedbyonemilliontonnesto16million.Afterthat,however,therewasagradualdeclineuntil1989and1990whenitstabilisedatabout11milliontonnes.Overthesameperiod,theamountofCanadianexportsvariedgreatly.Itstartedat19milliontonnesin1985,reachedapeakin1988of24million,droppeddramaticallyin1989to14milliontonnesandthenclimbedbackto19millionin1990.SeventeenmilliontonneswereexportedfromtheEuropeanCommunityin1985,butthisdecreasedto14milliontonnesin1986andthenroseto15millionin1987and1988beforeincreasingoncemoreto20millionin1990.Task3sampleThegraphshowshowtheamountofwaterusedworldwidechangedbetween19