2021学年第二学期高三英语适应性练习

2021学年第二学期高三英语适应性练习

试题

（时间120分钟）

考生注意：

1.本练习共12页。练习时间120分钟。

2.答题前，考生务必在答题纸上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写

准考证号。

3.答案必须全部涂写在答题纸上。选择题使用2B铅笔涂点，其他试题不可使用铅笔作答。

I.Listeningprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheend

ofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthe

questionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,read

thefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestion

youhaveheard.

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Atachurch.B.Atasnackbar.

C.Ataphotostudio.D.Atabeautysalon.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Adoublecheeseburger,somelargecurlyfriesandamediumPepsi.

M:Ok.Yourtotalis$6.88.Eatinortakeaway?

Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?

2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Waiter.B.Doctor.C.Mechanic.D.Driver.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】W:HowmuchshouldIpay?

M:Well,Ihavepaintedthescratchonthefrontleftdoorandadjustedthebrakes,soitwouldbe$130.

Q:What'sprobablytheman'sjob?

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Supportive.B.Negative.C.Unconcerned.D.Neutral.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:JerryandIhavedecidedtogocampingintherainforestthissummerholiday.

W:Areyoucrazy?Whydon'tyougiveitasecondthought?

Q:Whatisthewoman'sattitudetowardstheman'splan?

4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Shehadherlegbroken.B.Shelostherwalkingstick.

C.Shewaslatewithherassignment.D.ShelostcontactwithLisa.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Howisyoursister?Iamtoooccupiedinthedeadline-drivenassignmentthesedaystocontacther.

M:Muchbetter.Thanks,Lisa.Sheisoffthewalkingsticknow.

Q:Whatprobablyhappenedtotheman'ssister?

5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Thewomandidn'tthinkhighlyofthefilm.

B.Themandidn'tlikethefilmbutthewomandid.

C.Themanmissedthefilmbecauseofthewoman.

D.Themansawthefilmupontheadviceofthewoman.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】W:Well,youarebackfromthecinema.Howdidyoulikethefilm?

M:Itwaswellworththeticket.Butforyourremendation,Iwouldhavemissedit.

Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheman'sremarks?

6.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Itisrathercoolinthelecturehall.

B.Noonewillbeabletoseewhatheiswearing.

C.Heexpectstheweathertochangelaterintheday.

D.Theairconditionerinthelecturehalldoesn'twork.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:Thafsanawfullyheavysweaterforadayliketoday.

M:Well,Tmgoingtobeatalectureinthehallformostofthismorning.Andyouknowwhattheairconditioning

islikeinthere,don'tyou?

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

7.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Stancansolveallkindsofproblems.B.Stanwillofferhelp.

C.Stanwillnotanswerthephone.D.Stanhasmanyextralines.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:DoyouthinkIshouldcallStan?Wouldhebewillingtohelp?

W:Noproblem.Heisthekindofguythat'salwayswillingtogotheextraline.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

8.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Tryanewwaytoexercise.B.Continuetogojogging.

C.Haveafreshstartondiet.D.Trytoworkoutoneweeklater.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】M:I'vebeenjoggingdailyfortwoweeksbutthescalessayIhaven'tlostasinglepound.

W:Itmaytaketimeforyoutoseetheeffects.Itisalwaysverytoughwhenyouareatthebeginningoftrying

somethingnew.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

9.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Theirweddinganniversaryisingsoon.

B.Thedrivingisdullbecauseoftheheavytraffic.

C.Themanshouldbemorepatientonsuchabigday.

D.They'dbettercelebratetheirweddinganniversaryelsewhere.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:Oh,mygod!Therestaurantissocrowded.Whynotgosomewhereelse?

W:Dear,wehavespentanhourdrivingintherushhour!Wecanwait.It'sourweddinganniversaryafterall.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

10.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

A.Heisanxioustofindacureforhishighbloodpressure.

B.Hedoesn'tthinkhighbloodpressureisaproblemforhim.

C.Hedidnottakethesymptomsofhisillnessseriously.

D.Hewasnotawareofhisillnessuntilhewasinformed.

【答案】D

【解析】

【原文】W:Howdidyoufeelwhenyoufoundoutyouhadhighbloodpressure?

M:Shocked!Theproblemformewasthattherewerenosymptomsatall.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyou

willbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheshortpassagesandthelongerconversation.The

shortpassagesandthelongerconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespoken

onlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecide

whichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11.

A.Nervousandunsureofherself.B.Calmandconfidentofherself.

C.Courageousandforceful.D.Distractedandreluctant.

12.

A.Amotorist'sspeeding.B.Herrunningastopsign.

C.Herlackofdrivingexperience.D.Amotorist'sfailuretoconcentrate.

13.

A.Shestoppedbeingahomemaker.B.Shebecameafamouseducator.

C.Shebecameapublicfigure.D.Shequitdrivingaltogether.

【答案】11.A12.D13.C

【解析】

【原文】Paulineneverwantedtobeanationalpublicfigure.Allshewantedtobewasamotherandahomemaker.

Butherlifewasturnedupsidedownwhenamotorist,distractedbyhiscellphone,ranastopsignandcrashedinto

thesideofhercar.Theimpactkilledhertwo-year-olddaughter.

Fourmonthslater,Paulinereluctantlybutcourageouslydecidedtotrytoeducatethepublicandtofightforlawsto

bandriversfromusingceilphoneswhiletheircarsaremoving.Shewantedtosaveotherchildrenfromwhat

happenedtoherdaughter.Herfirstspeechdidn'tstartwell.Shewasvisiblytremblingandhervoicewassoftand

uncertain.Butasshegotintoherspeech,adramatictransformationtookplace.Shestoppedshakingandspokewith

astrongvoice.

Fortherestofhertalk,shewasaforcefulandconvincingspeaker.Shewantedeveryoneintheaudiencetoknow

whatsheknewwithouthavingtolearnitfromapersonaltragedy.Manyintheaudienceweremovedtotears,and

toaction.Inthepresentationsthatfollowed,Paulinegainedreputationasahighlyeffectivespeaker.Herappearance

onatalkshowwasbroadcastthreetimestransmittinghermessagetoover14,000,000people.Hercampaign

increasedpublicawarenessoftheproblemandpromptedover300citiesandseveralstatestoconsiderrestrictions

oncellphoneuse.

Questions:

1.HowdidPaulinefeelwhenshebeganherfirstspeech?

2.WhatledtoPauline'spersonaltragedy?

3.WhatwasthesignificantchangeinPauline'slife?

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14.

A.Thereisagreatdifferencebetweenreadingandlistening.

B.Therearesomeeffectivewaystopracticeyourreadingskill.

C.Highlyeducatedandpoorlyeducatedpeopledifferinreadinghabits.

D.Poorreadersandgoodreadersapproachreadingmaterialsinadifferentway.

15.

A.Theymoveveryfastthroughthetext.B.Theyvarytheirspeedwhenreading.

C.Theyconcentrateonthekeywords.D.Theyre-readthetextatleasttwice.

16.

A.Tooslowforadifficultbookthoughjustrightforanon-seriousone.

B.Tooslowforanon-seriousbookbuttoofastforadifficultone.

C.Toofastfordifficultmaterialthoughjustrightforanon-seriousbook.

D.Toofastforanon-seriousbookaswellasforadifficultone.

【答案】14.D15.A16.B

【解析】

【原文】Thereisnodoubtthatadults,andevenhighlyeducatedadults,varygreatlyinthespeedandefficiencyof

theirreading.Someproceedveryslowlythroughout;othersdashalongtooquicklyandthenhavetogobackover

whathasalreadybeenread.Poorreadersinparticularmaylacktheabilitytovarytheirmannerofreadingbasedon

thetypeofreadingmaterialandaccordingtotheirintentionsinreadingit.

Agoodreadercanmoveatgreatspeedthroughthetextofanovelorsimilarlightreadingmatter.Hemaybeableto

skimapage,pickingupawordortwohereandthere,andgainageneralideaofwhatthetextisaboutwithout

reallyreadingit.Inreadingmoredifficultmaterial,withtheintentionoftakinginthewholeofit,hewillproceed

moreslowly,buteventhen,hewillvaryhispace,concentratingonthekeywordsandpassages,perhapsre-reading

themseveraltimesandpassmorequicklyovertheremainder.

Alessefficientreadertendstomaintainthesamespeedwhateverthematerialhereads.Consequently,evenlight

readingmaterialgiveshimlittlepleasurebecausehereadssoslowly.Butthispacemaybetoofastforreally

difficultmaterialwhichrequiresspecialconcentrationatdifficultpoints.

Questions:

l.Whatisthemainideaofthisspeech?

2Howdogoodreadersdealwithlightreadingmatter?

3.Whatistypicaloflow-efficiencyreadersintermsofreadingspeed?

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

17.

A.Tocollectmoneyforsomemedicalresearch.

B.Torecoverfromthelossoffamilymembers.

C.Torealizethedreamoftheirparents.

D.Tobeemorephysicallyfit.

18.

A.Shenevertriedrunningbefore.B.Shefoundarunningexperttotrainher.

C.Shestoppedrunningifitrained.D.Shegraduallyranlongerdistance.

19.

A.Itmightdistractherwhilerunning.B.Ithelpedherperformbetterinarace.

C.Itgothertobemoremotivated.D.Itmightannoysomeotherfriends.

20.

A.Itcuredcancer.B.Itgaveasenseofachievement.

C.Itbroughtfame.D.Itwasfinanciallyrewarding.

【答案】17.A18.D19.C20.B

【解析】

【原文】M:Youranamarathonafewyearsago,didn'tyou,Nicola?

W:Yeah,IdiditwithmyfriendJulie.Wewereraisingmoneyforcancerresearch.Mydadhaddiedofcancertheyear

beforeandhersisterhadalsohadit,sothatwaskindofwhatgotustostart.

M:Oh,sorrytohearthat.Butyouusedtorunbeforethat,didn'tyou?

W:Yes,we'dbothdoneabitofrunning,butnotthatseriously.

M:Sohowdidyougoabouttraining?

W:Wefoundatrainingprogrammeinarunningmagazine.Basically,wejustfolloweditstrictlyforaboutsixmonths.

Weranfivetimesaweekanditstartedshort—about20kilometresaweek-andgradually,webuiltuptoabout75

to100kilometresaweek.

M:Thatmusthavebeenincrediblyterrible!

W:Absolutely!SomedaysIreallydidn'twanttorun,butwejuststucktoitregardlessofrainorsunshine.

M:Anddiddoingitwithsomeoneelsemakeabigdifference?

W:Ohyeah,itmadeallthedifference.Onthedayswhenyoureallydidn'twanttogetupanddoit,youjustfeltyou

hadtobetherefortheotherperson.There'snothingworsethanlettingtheotherpersondown.

M:Longrunscanbeboringandannoying.Andyoucouldhavesomeonetotalkto.

W:Yes.Andthecharitywesignedupwithwasreallyhelpful,too.Oncewehaddoneit,itwasamazing.Wewere

eveninthenewspaper!WhenIlookbackonit,itreallyfeelslikeIhavemademylifeplete.

M:Yeah,youmustfeelsoproud!Andyoumusthavegotsofit!

Nowlistenagain,please.

Questions:

1.WhydidNicolaandherfriendrunamarathonafewyearsago?

2.WhatcanbelearnedaboutNicola?

3.WhatdoesNicolathinkofrunningwithafriend?

4.WhatdoesNicolathinkofherexperienceofrunningforamarathon?

ILGrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.

Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,use

onewordthatbestfitseachblank.

NativeTribesCelebrateMontanaLandOwnershipandBisonRange（野牛牧场）Restoration

Moiese,Mont.—Anarrowroadtakesvisitorszig-zaggingupamountain,and,ifthey'relucky,they911seebison

walkingaboutfreely.Thebisonrangesitsonmorethan18,000acresofundevelopedlandinnorthwestMontana一

land21(take)bytheU.S.GovernmentwithouttheapprovalofSalishandKootenaiTribes.In2020,

Congresspassedalaw22managementofthelandistransferredfromtheU.S.FishandWildlifeService

backtoSalishandKootenaiTribes.

U.S.InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland,23signedoffonthelawlastyear,saidwiththelossoftribal

homelandsintheearly1900sanddecreaseofbisonherds,tribeslosttraditionalconnectionswiththemammal."But

24thattragedyandloss,wearestillhere.Youarestillhere.Andthat's25tocelebrate,Shesaid

thepeoplethenreliedonbisonforfoodandlivelihood,believingfuturegenerationswoulddothesame.

“Weallknowhistorytookacruelandtragicturnafterthat,^^Haalandsaid,andthetribesdidn'tbelievethatthe

history26(represent)accuratelyatthebisonrange'svisitorcenter.WhisperCamel-Means,thetribes

divisionmanagerforthewildliferefuge,saidundertheFishandWildlifeServicesupervision,theexhibitsthere

previouslyusedadifferenttribes5wordforbison,whichthey27notaccept.

TheSalishandKootenaiTribeshavecorrectedinaccuraciesatthevisitorcenterlocatedontheFlathead

reservationnearthemuseum.Thevisitorcenterisnowopen,28(feature)newexhibitsthatbetterreflectthe

tribes,involvementinbisonconservation.StephanieGillin,educationprogrammanagerforthetribes,natural

resourcesprogram,saidsheworkedwithculturalmitteestogetthecorrecthistoryforthenewexhibits.uWelistento

oureldersaboutsomestuffwehavetoprotect29ifwedon'tputitoutthere,welosewhatitgivestous一

youknow,welostthatpoweritgivesus,“shesaid.

Thegenerationalemotionalwound,Gillinsaid,isstillfelttodaywithintribalmunitiesandcorrectingthe

informationatthevisitorcenterisaboutrespectingandpreservingthetribes,history.

Thetribesareworkingtobuilda30(big)museumthatwillbeclosertoU.S.Highway93.It'sapush

tosharetheirhistorywithmorepeople.

【答案】21.taken

22.that23.who

24.inspiteof

25.something##what

26.wasrepresented

27.would##could

28.featuring

29.because

30.bigger

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了蒙大拿野牛牧场的恢复和当地部落对此的态度。

[21题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：野牛牧场坐落在蒙大拿州西北部超过18000英亩的未开发土地上，这片土地是美

国政府未经萨利什和库特奈部落批准而征用的。分析句子可知，take（拿走）作后置定语修饰名词land,是非

谓语动词，与其逻辑主语land之间是被动关系，且“take”这一动作已经完成，所以应用过去分词表示被动

和完成。故填taken。

【22题详解】

考查同位语从句。句意：2020年，国会通过了一项法律，将这片土地的管理权从美国鱼类和野生动物管理

局转移回萨利什和库特奈部落。分析句子可知，"managementofthelandistransferredfromtheU.S.Fishand

WildlifeServicebacktoSalishandKootenaiTribes.''是同位语从句，是对名词law的解释说明，从句句意完

整，不缺成分，应用连词that引导该从句。故填that。

【23题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：美国内政部长德布•哈兰德去年签署了这项法律，他说，随着20世纪初部落家园的

丧失和野牛群的减少，部落失去了与这种哺乳动物的传统联系。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从

句，修饰先行词DebHaaland,指人，先行词在定语从句中主语，应使用关系代词who引导该定语从句。故

填who,

【24题详解】

考查介词短语。句意：但是，尽管有这样的悲剧和损失，我们仍然在这里。根据句意，“thattragedyandloss”

和"wearestillhere"之间有转折关系,可用介词短语inspiteof引导让步状语,意为"尽管"。故填inspite

Ofo

[25题详解】

考查代词和不定式复合结构。句意：这是一件值得庆祝的事情。分析句子可知，"t。celebrate”是句子表语，

结合句意可使用"不定代词something+不定式”结构，其中不定式作后置定语修饰something,也可使用不

定式复合结构“特殊疑问词what+不定式”作表语，意为“值得庆祝的事情”。故填something/what。

【26题详解】

考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：哈兰德说，各部落不认为野牛场的游客中心准确地再现了这段历史。

分析句子可知，represent（展示）是宾语从句中谓语动词，与主语ihehistory之间是被动关系，根据主句时态

可知从句也应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应

用一般过去时的被动语态，单数形式。故填wasrepresented。

【27题详解】

考查情态动词。句意：野生动物保护区的部落部门经理hisperCamel-Means说，在鱼类和野生动物管理局的

监督下，那里的展品之前用了不同部落的词来形容野牛，他们不会接受。根据句意，可用情态动词would

或者could与动词原形accept构谓语。故填would/couldo

【28题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：游客中心现已开放，展出的新展品更好地反映了部落参与野牛保护的情况。分析

句子可知，feature（以……为特色，以……为主要组成）是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Thevisitorcenter之间

是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动，作伴随状语。故填featuring。

【29题详解】

考查原因状语从句和连词。句意：我们听长辈说一些我们必须保护的东西，因为如果我们不把它放在那里，

我们就会失去它给我们的东西。根据句意，前后文是因果关系「ifwedon'tputitoutthere,welosewhatitgives

tous”是“somestuffwehavetoprotect的原因，用从属连词because引导原因状语从句。故填becauseo

【30题详解】

考查形容词比较级。句意：这些部落正在努力建造一个更大的博物馆，它将更靠近美国93号公路。根据句

意和下文“sharetheirhistorywithmorepeople”可推知，一个更大的博物馆能与更多的人分享历史，应使用

比较级。故填bigger。

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethat

thereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.nutritionalB.objectedC.sustainableD.parisonE.motivationalF.

projected

GnecessarilyH.popularityI.unsweetenedJ.previouslyK.source

Plant-basedMilk

Therearenutritionaldifferencesbetweentypesofmilk,fromoattosoytocow's.Plant-basedmilkshavebeen

growingin31foryears,butthenutritionalcontentofdifferentmilksandmilkalternativesvary,with

disagreementsbetweenbrandstoo.Theglobaldairyalternativesmarketis32togrowfrom$22.25billion

in2021to$53.97billionin2028,accordingtoareportbyFortuneBusinessInsights.InFebruary2022,theworld's

firstpotatomilklaunchedintheUK,whichbillsitselfas"themost33plant-baseddairyalternativeonthe

market.”

Whilesomepeoplechoosedairyalternatives,cow'smilkisanexcellent34ofcalcium,protein,

andvitaminD.It'salsoworkingbetterthanwaterwhenpeoplefeelthirsty,accordingtoasmallstudybySt

AndrewsUniversityinScotland.However,somepeoplestayawayfromdairybecauseofintoleranceofthe

mouthfeelorenvironmentalconcerns,andforsome,the35factorishealth.Nutritionalreportsofmilks

vary,withsomeofferingmorefiber,fat,protein,carbs,sugar,andcaloriesthanothers.

Dietitiansremendchoosingfortifiedplant-basedmilks.Plant-basedmilksarenot36"healthier”than

dairy,andwhenfollowingaplant-baseddiet,dietitiansremendensuringyourdairy-freemilkalternativesare

fortifiedwithessentialvitaminsandminerals.''Fortifiedmeansthattheyareaddedbythemanufacturerandsowillbe

ontheingredientslist,oradvertisedonthefront,dietitianNicholaLudlam-Raine37toldInsider.

“ChoosemilkalternativesthatarefortifiedwithvitaminssuchasvitaminB12andvitaminD,inadditiontothe

mineralscalciumandiodine,"shesaid.The38contentofmilkvariesintermsofprotein,carbs,andfiber.

Cow'smilk,forexample,containslotsofcalciumandvitaminD,aswellasprotein.Soymilkisoftenfortifiedwith

calcium,andisalsohighinprotein.Forthepurposeofthis39,Insiderselectedpopularbrandsofeachmilk,

selecting•[()optionswhereverpossible,percup.Here'ssomenutritionalinfbnnationonourwebsitetobear

inmindwhenchoosingwhichmilktohaveinyourcoffee,onyourcereal,oralongsideacookie.

【答案】31.H32.F33.C34.K35.E36.G37.J38.A39.D40.1

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了植物性乳制品是可以替代牛奶。

【31题详解】

考查名词。句意：植物性牛奶多年来越来越受欢迎，但不同牛奶和牛奶替代品的营养成分不同，品牌之间

也存在分歧。分析可知，空前是介词，所以空处应填名词，根据后文"Theglobaldairyalternativesmarketis2to

growfrom$22.25billionin2021to$53.97billionin2028”可知，牛奶市场越来越大，所以空处应选popularity

意为“受欢迎”，符合句意。故选H项。

【32题详解】

考查动词。句意：根据《财富》商业观察的一份报告，全球乳制品替代品市场预计将从2021年的222.5亿

美元增长到2028年的539.7亿美元。根据后文中“to$53.97billionin2028”,可推测,现在还未到2028年，

所以应该是表预测，所以应填project意为“预测”，又本句主语是market与project之间是被动关系，应用

被动语态，空前己有be动词is,空处用project的过去分词。故选F项

【33题详解】

考查形容词。句意：2022年2月，世界上第一款土豆牛奶在英国推出，它标榜自己是“市场上最可持续的

植物性乳制品替代品”。根据空前的themost可知空处应填形容词，表示“最……的”，此处分析选项，可知

应在A,C,E,I中选，带入句子中，可知sustainable意为“可持续的”符合句意。故选C项。

【34题详解】

考查名词。句意：虽然有些人会选择乳制品的替代品，但牛奶是钙、蛋白质和维生素D的极佳来源。根据

空前是excellent为形容词，所以空处应填名词，再根据空后“ofcalcium,protein,andvitaminD”可知，应

选source意为"来源”，符合句意。故选K项。

【35题详解】

考查形容词。句意：然而，有些人不吃乳制品是因为对口感的不耐受或对环境的担忧，对另一些人来说，

健康是激励因素。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词the,空后是名词factor,所以空处应填形容词，根据后

文"factorishealth.”可推知，此处应填motivational意为"激励的"，激励因素是健康，符合句意。故选E

项。

【36题详解】

考查副词。句意：植物性牛奶不一定比乳制品“更健康”，在遵循植物性饮食时，营养师建议确保不含乳制

品的牛奶替代品含有必要的维生素和矿物质。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的healthier,应用副词，根

据后文“whenfollowingaplant-baseddiet,dietitiansremendensuringyourdairy-freemilkalternativesare

fortifiedwithessentialvitaminsandmineralsw可知本句表达意思为植物性牛奶不一定比乳制品"更健康"，所

以应选necessarily意为"必然地"，符合句意。故选G项。

【37题详解】

考查副词。句意：营养学家尼古拉・拉德拉姆-雷恩此前告诉Insider:“强化意味着制造商添加了它们，所以它

们会出现在配料表上，或在食品包装上。”分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的动词，应用副词，用排除法,

分析句子选项可知G,J为副词，带入句子中可知，previously意为“先前”符合句意，表示此前告诉之意。

故选J项。

【38题详解】

考查形容词。句意：牛奶的营养成分在蛋白质、碳水化合物和纤维方面各不相同。分析句子结构可知，空

前是冠词the,空后是名词content,所以空处应填形容词，再根据后文“intermsofprotein,carbs,andfiber",

此处说的是牛奶的营养，所以应先nutritional“营养的”，符合句意。故选A项。

【39题详解】

考查名词。句意：为了进行比较，Insider选择了每种牛奶的流行品牌，每杯牛奶尽可能选择不加糖的。根

据空前是指示代词，所以空处应填名词，在根据前文“containslotsofcalciumandvitaminD,aswellasprotein.

Soymilkisoftenfortifiedwithcalcium,andisalsohighinprotein.n可知,这里是作比较,所以选parison意为

“比较”，符合句意。故选D项。

【40题详解】

考查形容词。句意：为了进行比较，Insider选择了每种牛奶的流行品牌，每杯牛奶尽可能选择不加糖的。

分析句子结构可知，空后是名词options,所以空处应填形容词修饰，根据后文"Here^somenutritional

informationonourwebsitetobearinmindwhenchoosingwhichmilktohaveinyourcoffee,onyourcereal,or

alongsideacookie.”可推知，营养信息是为了健康，所以应是选择不加糖的牛奶，所以应选unsweetened意

为“未加糖的”，符合句意。故选I项。

III.Readingprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,

CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

ItwasthoughtthatMicrobes(细菌)insediments—solidmaterialthatsettlesatthebottomofaliquidbeneath

theseafloordiedabove80℃,butscientistshavefoundsomethatcansurviveupto120℃andpossiblyhigher

temperatures.Thediscoveryshowsthatlifeinseafloorsedimentscansurvivehighertemperaturesthanpreviously

thought.

“Iwouldthinkthatwhereverthere'senergythatcanbeexploitedbymicroorganisms,41find(s)a

way."saysTinaTreudeattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.Itispossiblethatthereislifeatevenhigher

temperatures.4tTheonlywaytofindoutistogobackand42deeper,shesays,thoughinlabexperiments

sofar,nomicrobeshavebeenfoundtogrowabove122℃.

Theresearcherswerealsoableto43outandcountcellsusingaspecialdevice.Together,thefindings

showthatrelativelyfewcellssurviveatthesetemperatures,butthosethatdohaveveryhighmetabolic(新陈代谢的)

rates.44Itwasastonishinglyhigh,^^saysTreude.

Thissurprisedtheteambecauseitisthe44ofwhathasbeenfoundinshallowersediments,whereitis

muchcolder.Microbesare45there,buttheirmetabolismsareextremelyslowandindividualmicrobes

mightliveformillionsofyears.At120℃,theheatisdoingalotofdamagetocells,somicrobesmayneedhigh

metabolismstogenerateenoughenergytorepairthisdamage.Itisa(n)46tostayalive,saysTreude.

Itisn'tclearwhattheseheat-loving,orthermophilic,microbesare,astheteamwasunableto47their

DNA.Norisitclearhowtheycametobeinthesediments,giventhatthiswouldhavebeenaverycoldenvironment

foralongtimeafterthesedimentsthatthesamplescamefromwerefirst48.

However,afewthermophilicmicrobeswouldhavebeenpresentwhenthesedimentsweredeposited,andthey

mayhavesomehow49untiltemperaturesbegantoriseduetobeing50undermorematerial,

saysteammemberFelixBeuligatAarhusUniversityinDenmark.

Asthetemperaturesrose,allthemicrobesthatweren't5Jofheatwouldgraduallyhavediedoff,

saysteammemberFlorianSchubertattheGennanResearchCentreforGeosciencesinPotsdam.t4Themicrobesthat

cannot52,theyjustdie,“hesays.

PatrickForterreatthePasteurInstituteinParissaysthatwhilethereare53resultsshowingmicrobe

growthat106℃,nobodyhasbeenabletoexactlycopythetwolabstudiesclaiminggrowthat122°C."It'svery

difficultto54theuppertemperaturelimit,”hesays.

Heistherefore_____55_____oftheideaofmicrobeslivingnormallyat120℃,buthedoesthinkitispossible

thattheycouldsomehowsurviveandbecameactiveagainatlowertemperatures.

41.A.lifeB.energyC.bacteriaD.voyage

42.A.thinkB.researchC.practiseD.drill

43.A.spreadB.figureC.separateD.reach

44.A.oppositeB.evidenceC.coincidenceD.resemblance

45.A.moderateB.existentC.swiftD.plentiful

46.A.gameB.approachC.raceD.solution

47.A.explodeB.identifyC.locateD.attack

48.A.formedB.depositedC.taggedD.covered

49.A.stuckonB.movedawayC.diedoffD.runout

50.A.exposedB.removedC.buriedD.washed

51.A.tolerantB.afraidC.tired