2021年中考英语(全国通用)3

冲刺2021年中考英语题型预测与满分挑战专练07

序号题型主题语境话题

1阅读理解人与社会音乐对工作效率的影响

2阅读理解人与自我如何合理地控制打喷嚏或咳嗽对他人的影响

3阅读理解人与自我养成独立思考的重要性

4完型填空人与自我热带雨林旅游的经历

5书面表达人与社会如何确保游泳时的安全

一、阅读理解

।

Musicplaysanimportantroleinlife.Somepeoplemightliketolistentomusicwhilestudying.Whatkindof

musicisyourfavorite?Whatkindofmusiccouldbehelpful?AnexperimentdonewithBritishworkersfoundthat

listeningtoclassicalmusicatworkcanimproveone'sefficiency（效率）by15percent.

Aprevioussurveyof2,000Britishworkersfoundthathalfofthemusuallylistentomusiconthejob.Someof

theirbossesencouragethemtodoso,whileothersareagainstit,believingithurtsworkperformance.British

psychologist（心理家）BeckySpelmandidanexperimenttofindoutifbackgroundmusichurtsorimproves

efficiency.

Intheexperiment,fourofficeworkerswereaskedtocopytwo600-wordsetsofsonglyrics.Thegroup

workedonthefirstsetwithnomusicplayingandworkedonthesecondsetwithclassicalmusicplayinginthe

background.

Ittookthemanaverage（平均）timeof20minutesand59secondstofinishthefirstset.Theaveragetimefor

thesecondsetwas17minutesand42seconds.Thedifferencewasthreeminutesand17seconds,or15percent.

Classicalmusiccanworkasakindofwhitenoise,accordingtoSpelman.Whitenoiseisamixtureofsounds

withdifferentfrequencies（频率）.Itcanhelppeoplestayfocused（精力集中的）.

Infact,aslongasthemusichasaregularbeat,itcanhelpusslowourheartrateandstaycalm.Thismakesit

easierforustofocusonwhatwe*redoing,Spelmansaid.

1.HowmanyBritishworkersinthesurveylikelisteningtomusiconthejob?

A.59.B.2000.C.1000.D.600.

2.WhatdidBeckySpelman'sexperimentfindout?

A.Popmusicismorehelpfulthanclassicalmusic.

1

B.Classicalmusiccouldimproveefficiencyonthejob.

C.Backgroundmusichasnoeffectontheworkingteam.

D.Thereisnodifferencebetweentwoteamsintheexperiment.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whatkindofmusiccanhelppeoplestaycalm?

A.Themusicwhichhasaregularbeat.B.Themusicwhichisloudandnoisy.

C.Themusicwhichhasthesamebeat.D.Themusicwhichischeerfulandsoulful.

4.Whatistheoveralltoneofthispassage?

A.Upsetandpersonal.B.Personalandscientific.

C.Informativebutsilly.D.Scientificandinformative.

【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.D

【解析】音乐在生活中扮演着重要的角色。英国心理学家BeckySpelman做了一项实验，证明工作时听音乐

可以提高工作效率。

1.细节理解题。根据“Aprevioussurveyof2,000Britishworkersfoundthathalfofthemusuallylistentomusic

onthejob”可知，有2000名英国工人参加了调查，其中一半的人，也就是1000人经常在工作中听音乐，故

选C。

2.细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，听音乐小组完成工作用了17分42秒，没听音乐小组完成工作用了

20分钟59秒，听音乐小组效率比不听音乐的小组高，这就是BeckySpelman的实验结果，故选B。

3.细节理解题。根据"Infact,aslongasthemusichasaregularbeat,itcanhelpusslowourheartrateandstay

calm.”可知，有规律节拍的音乐能帮助人们保持冷静，故选A。

4.推理判断题。本文给出了实验证明过程来说明，工作时听音乐可以提高工作效率。所以全文是充满科学

性和信息性的，故选D。

Whenyoufeelasneezeorcoughcomingon,coveringyourmouthpreventsthespreadofgerms（细菌）.You

probablyknewthat.Buthowtocoveryourmouthisveryimportant.Youmightusetissues（纸巾），andputyour

usedtissuesintothebin."Ifyoudon'thavetissues,youshouldsneezeintoyourelbow,notyourhandevenifyou

areusedtodoingthat."Thedoctorsadvised."Ifsomebodysneezesintohishands,thosegermswillbepassedonto

otherpeople,orotherobjectsthatpeopletouch,"saidDr.Hill.

Germsaremostcommonlyspreadbysneezingandcoughing.Whentheylandonyourhands,theyarepassed

2

fromhandstothingslikemoney,doorknobs（扶手），elevatorbuttons（电梯按钮）andothersurfaces.Atthesame

time,thepeoplearoundyoucantouchthem.

Thisisn'tnagging（唠叨），theCentersforDiseaseControlalsosuggestthatsneezingandcoughingintoyour

elbowisnecessary.EventheNewYorkCitysubwayofficersaskthepassengersto"coughorsneezeintoelbowor

useatissue".

"Thesuggestionwastakenseriouslyabout10yearsago.However,mostpeopledidn'tpaymuchattentiontoit.

Thatmeanstheadultsmayhavemissedtheadvice.Butchildrenareoftentaughtinschooltherightwaytocoughor

sneeze.nDr.Benjaminsaid.

Tobeclear,peoplecan'tkeepawayfromalltherisksinthisway,butit'sthebestchoice.Atthesametime,

we'dbetterwearmasks（口罩）andoftenwashourhands.nHandwashingisoneofthemostimportantthingspeople

candotokeephealthy."Dr.Hillsaid.

5.Accordingtothispassage,whensneezingorcoughing,you'dbetternot.

A.sneezeintoyourelbowB.coveryourmouthwithtissues

C.useyourhandtocovermouthD.puttheusedtissuesinthebin

6.Ifyousneezeorcoughintohands,germscanspreadthroughthefollowingactivitiesEXCEPT.

A.pushtheelevatorbuttonsB.shakehandswitheachother

C.touchdoorknobsD.washourhands

7.Accordingtothepassage,thewrongstatementisthat.

A.theNewYorkCitysubwayofficersaskpassengerstouseatissue

B.theadultmaybeusedtosneezingintotheirelbows

C.thechildrenareoftentaughtinschooltherightwaytocoughorsneeze

D.wearingmasksisagoodwaytokeepawayfromgerms

8.Themainpurposeofthearticleis.

A.totellusthecorrectwaytocovermouthwhensneezingorcoughing

B.totellushowtopreventthespreadofgerms

C.totellusit'snecessarytosneezeorcoughintoelbow

D.totellushowtokeepawayfromallrisks

9.Inwhichlayout（版面）ofthenewspapercanwefindthiskindofpassage?

A.Health.B.Sports.C.Business.D.Education.

3

【答案】5.C6.D7.B8.B9.A

【解析】本文介绍了打喷嚏或咳嗽时捂嘴的正确方式——用纸巾或对着手肘，这样才能防止细菌的传播，

同时最好戴口罩和勤洗手，这样才能保持健康。

5.细节理解题。根据Ifyoudon'thavetissues,youshouldsneezeintoyourelbow,notyourhandevenifyouare

usedtodoingthat,可知，当打喷嚏或咳嗽时，不要用手捂住嘴巴，故选C。

6.细节理解题。根据Whentheylandonyourhands,theyarepassedfromhandstothingslikemoney,doorknobs

（扶手）,elevatorbuttons（电梯按钮）andothersurfaces,可知，当细菌落在手上时，它们会通过钱、扶手、电

梯按钮或其他物体表面传播给其他人，结合所给选项，D选项“洗我们的手”不包含在内，故选D。

7.细节理解题。根据However,mostpeopledidn'tpaymuchattentiontoit.Thatmeanstheadultsmayhave

missedtheadvice,可知，成年人并没有习惯朝着手肘打喷嚏，所以B选项是错误的，故选B。

8.主旨大意题。根据Whenyoufeelasneezeorcoughcomingon,coveringyourmouthpreventsthespreadof

germs（细菌）….notyourhandevenifyouareusedtodoingthat,可知，本文的目的是告诉我们如何预防细菌的

传播,故选Be

9.推理判断题。根据Whenyoufeelasneezeorcoughcomingon,coveringyourmouthpreventsthespreadof

germs（细菌）….notyourhandevenifyouareusedtodoingthat,可知，本文的目的是告诉我们如何预防细菌的

传播，这是与人的健康有关，所以我们会在健康版面的报纸上看到此文章，故选A。

3

“Let'sbrainstormtogether!”Youmightoftenhearyourteachersaskyoutohaveagroupdiscussiontosolvea

problem.Butisbrainstormingreallyagoodwaytodealwithproblems,especiallycreativeones?

DutchcompanyWeTransferconducted（进行）asurveyof20,000peoplefrom197countriesandregions.Most

oftheparticipantshavecreativejobs.Theyarewriters,musicians,photographers,andpodcasters（播客博主）.The

surveyresultssuggestedthatbrainstormingislargelyunhelpfulforsolvingacreativechallenge.

“Itseemsthatwhileworkingtogetherisimportanttobringanideatolife,it'snotthatgoodforshapingideas

inthefirstplace,“saidRobAlderson,WeTransfer^formereditorinchief.

Ifwegivepeopleenoughtimeandspacetothinkproperly,theywillcomeupwithbetterideas,Alderson

added.EvenAlexOsborn,thefatherofbrainstorming,seesspendingtimealonetothinkaspartofhisowncreative

process.

However,mostcompaniesfailtogivetheiremployeesachancetoprepareandformtheirthoughts.Theyoften

4

havemanymeetingsscheduled,whichisakillerofcreativity,accordingtothesurvey.Morethan40percentof

participantsseemeetingsasabarrier（障碍）togoodthinking.

Spendingtimealonetothinkwillhelpyoucomeupwithyourownideasanddevelopindependentthinking.

Thisisimportantwhenyou'remakingdecisions.Nearly80percentofparticipantsinWeTransfer^surveysaythey

trusttheirowninstincts（直觉）andresearchwhentheyconsideranidea.

10.Whatwastheresultofthesurvey?

A.Peoplewastetoomuchtimebrainstorming.

B.Brainstormingdestroyspeople'screativity.

C.Brainstormingisneededtosolvecreativeproblems.

D.Brainstonningisn'tgoodfbrsolvingcreativechallenges.

11.RobAldersonprobablyagreesthat.

A.spendingtimealoneisgoodforshapingideas

B.workingtogetherisimportantforshapingideas

C.everyonehashisorherownwaytoshapeideas

D.manypeopledon'thaveenoughtimetothemselves

12.FromParagraph5,wecanlearnthat.

A.mostcompaniesdon'tliketheiremployeestothinkcreatively

B.mostemployeeshavenorighttospeakout

C.meetingsareseenasabarriertocreativity

D.mostpeoplehatemeetings

13.Accordingtothestory,.

A.wecanonlybecreativebybeingalone

B.weshouldn'tworktogetherononetask

C.weshouldn'tholdmeetings

D.thinkingalonecanhelpusbecreative

【答案】10.D11.A12.C13.D

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文认为头脑风暴不•定是很好的解决问题的方法，花时间独自思考，养成

独立思考的能力也很重要。

5

10.细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的"Thesurveyresultssuggestedthatbrainstormingislargelyunhelpfulfor

solvingacreativechallenge”可知，调查结果表示头脑风暴对于解决创造性的问题不是一个好的方法，故选D。

11.推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“EvenAlexOsborn,thefatherofbrainstorming,seesspendingtimealone

tothinkaspartofhisowncreativeprocess"uj知，AlexOsborn可能认同的观点是：独立思考有利于形成观点，

故选Ao

12.主旨大意题。根据文章第五段中的"Morethan40percentofparticipantsseemeetingsasabarrier（障碍）to

goodthinking”可知，很多人认为会议是良好思考的阻碍，故选C。

13.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Spendingtimealonetothinkwillhelpyoucomeupwithyourown

ideasanddevelopindependentthinking”可知，独立思考能够帮助我们形成创造性的想法，故选D。

二、完型填空

LastsummerwewentonanexcitingtriptoSarawakinMalaysia,apartoftheislandofBorneo（婆罗洲）.

Borneoisfamousforitsrainforest,which14,500squarekilometersoftheisland.Thisrainforestis130

millionyearsold,makingitoneofthe15rainforestsintheworld.

WhenwewereinSarawak,wewereluckyenoughtogohiking16thejungle.Inthejunglewecame

acrossmanywild17Ourfavoriteanimalswereorangutans（猩猩）.Wewatchedthemswing18treeto

tree.Thegracefulandgentleanimalsmadeusfeelevencloserto19

The20toldusmanystoriesoffantasticspittingcobras（碎毒眼镜蛇）.Hesaidthattheyweremore

21ofusthanwewereofthem!AnotherinterestingfeatureofSarawakisthattherearemanytribes（部落）,

whichstill22intherainforesttoday,wevisitedoneofthesetribes,peopletheretoldusabouttheirlong

history.Wewerereally23intheirstoriesandtraditions.Besides,wealsoenjoyedtheir24suchas

pansoh,whichwaschickencookedinbamboo.

InSarawak,therearealsoriversandmanydifferentbirds25wedidn'thavetimetovisitTurtleIsland.

It'sawonderfulplace26youcanswiminwiththeturtles.

Thisholidayhasbeenalife-changing27thatwewillneverforget.

14.A.standsB.comesC.coversD.turns

15.A.largestB.oldestC.longestD.biggest

16.A.toB.onC.throughD.above

17.A.plantsB.animalsC.flowersD.insects

18.A.fromB.betweenC.underD.in

6

19.A.treesB.lifeC.natureD.people

20.A.teacherB.driverC.guideD.girl

21.A.fond（喜欢的）B.tiredC.scaredD.worried

22.A.liveB.workC.studyD.lives

23.A.IfB.WhyC.WhenD.Whether

24.A.boredB.surprisedC.interestedD.interesting

25.A.foodB.clothesC.housesD.fruit.

26.A.LuckilyB.SadlyC.HappilyD.Sad

27.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.inthat

28.A.storyB.placeC.experienceD.visiting

【答案】14.C15.B16.C17.B18.A19.C20.C21.C22.A23.C24.C25.A26.B27.B28.C

【解析】试题分析：本文讲述了一次去马来西亚婆罗洲的旅行。那里最著名的是它的雨林，我们有机会在

雨林中穿行，遇见了许多动物，我最喜欢的是大猩猩。我们还听人介绍了关于眼镜蛇的知识。还参观了住

在那里的三个部落，听他们介绍他们的悠久历史和传统。这是一次难忘的经历。

14.考查动词及语境的理解。句意：婆罗洲因它的南林而著名，这片雨林覆盖了这个岛427500平方千米。

A.stands.站立，位于：B.comes来，开始，出现，发生；C.covers覆盖，代替；D.turns转向，转动，变

化。由该空后面的面积单位可知，这里介绍这片雨林的面积，故选C。

15.考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：这片雨林有1.3亿年的历史了，这使它成为世界上最古老的雨林之一。

A.largest最大的；B.oldest最老的；C.longest最长的；D.biggest最大的。前文说的是这片雨林的年龄，

故选B。

16.考查介词及语境的理解。句意：当我们在Sarawak时，我们很幸运能够在从林中穿行。A.to至心向，

表示方向；B.on关于，在...之上，在....时候；C.through通过，穿过，凭借：D.above超过，在....

之上。因为是在丛林中徒步，所以应该是穿过，故选C。

17.考查名词及语境的理解。句意：在丛林里我们能经过很多野生动物。A.plants植物B.animals动物；

C.flowers花；D.insects昆虫。后文接着提到我最喜欢的动物是猩猩，由此推断这里应该说的是动物。故选

Bo

18.考查介词及语境的理解。我们看着它们在树与树之间跳跃。A.from从，来自；B.between在……之间；

C.under低于，少于，在……之下；D.in在……里面。本句是说猩猩在树和树之间来回跳跃，从……到……

7

用介词from。

19.考查名词及语境的理解。句意：那些优雅温顺的动物让我们觉得和大自然更近了。A.trees树；B.life生

活；C.nature自然：D.people人们。由语境可知，作者在从林里和动物们亲近，一定是觉得和大自然更近

了，故选C。

20.考查名词及语境的理解。导游告诉我们许多关于眸毒眼镜蛇的故事。A.teacher老师；B.driver司机；

C.guide导游；D.girl女孩。因为我们是在旅游，所以告诉我们这些的只能是导游才符合语境，故选C。

21.考查动词及语境的理解。句意：她说比起我们害怕它们，它们更害怕我们。A.fond（喜欢的）B.tired

厌倦；C.scared害怕；D.worried担心。这里是在说蛇，通常讲到蛇都是我们比较害怕的动物，故选C。

22.考查动词及语境的理解。句意：Sarawak另一个有趣的特色是这里有许多的部落，至今仍住在雨林里。

A.live居住；B.work工作；C.study学习；D.lives居住（第三人称单数）。部落当然是住在雨林里，复数

形式，故选Ao

23.考查引导词及语境的理解。句意：当我们拜访其中一个部落时，那里的人们给我们讲述了他们悠久的历

史。A.If如果，是否，引导条件状语从句。B.Why为什么，引导原因状语从句；C.When当……时，引

导时间状语从句；D.Whether是否，不论；引导让步状语从句。由句意可知，这里是时间状语从句，故选

Co

24.考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：我们对他们的故事和传统实在很感兴趣。A.bored厌烦的；B.surprised

惊讶的；C.interested感兴趣的；D.interesting有趣的。interestedin固定搭配，对...感兴趣。故选C。

25.考查名词及语境的理解。句意：我们也很喜欢他们的食物，像是潘森，一种用竹子做的鸡。A.food食

物；B.clothes衣服;C.houses房子;D.fruit.水果。因为后文介绍的鸡是-一种食物,故选A。

26.考查副词及语境的理解。句意：难过的是，我们没有时间去参观龟岛。A.Luckily幸运地；B.Sadly难

过地；C.H叩pily开心地；D.Sad难过的。由句子结构知，这里需要填一个副词，由语境判断应该是难过地,

故选B。

27.考查引导词及语境的理解。句意：这是一个很奇妙的地方，在那里你可以和海龟一起游泳。这里是一个

非限制性定语从句，用which来引导。

28.考查名词及语境的理解。句意：这个假期已经成为我终生难忘的改变人生的经历。A.story故事：B.place

地方：C.experience经历；D.visiting访问，参观。由语境可知，这个假期我有了终身难忘的经历，故选C.

三、书面表达

暑假即将来临，许多学生喜欢去河里、湖泊和游泳池游泳。但是一旦发生溺亡事故，将会让父母悲痛

欲绝。为预防游泳溺水事故的发生，你们学校将举行以“珍爱生命，预防溺水