2019外研社版高中英语选修三 Unit 2 A lifes work 知识清单(教师版)

阅读单词认读lensn.(照相机、摄像机的)镜头groceryn.食品杂货店grocerystore超级市场farawayadj.遥远的celebrityn.名人,明星anthropologistn.人类学家atomicadj.原子能的;核能的hydrogenn.氢propulsionn.(车辆等的)推进力jetpropulsion喷气推进acclaimn.表扬,赞赏shunv.(故意)避开,躲开spotlightn.聚光灯;媒体的关注harshadj.恶劣的,艰苦的,严峻的prosperousadj.富裕的,繁荣的,兴旺的,发达的antiquen.古董,古玩,古物crimsonadj.深红色的workplacen.工作场所timepiecen.计时器;钟;表envoyn.使者,使节intricateadj.错综复杂的painstakingadj.小心的;费尽心思的;精心的workshopn.车间,工场melodyn.歌曲;曲调giganticadj.巨大的,庞大的flapv.振(翼),扑动(翅膀)spinv.将(棉花、羊毛等)纺成(线),纺(线)exaggerationn.夸大,夸张metaphorn.隐喻,暗喻nonethelessadv.然而,但是;尽管如此,虽然如此artisann.工匠,手艺人aptadj.适当的,恰当的timelessadj.永恒的,恒久的;永不过时的sedatelyadv.安静地;慢悠悠地modestadj.谦虚的,谦逊的重点单词识记posev.(使)摆好姿势trialn.试验courtyardn.庭院,院子preciousadj.珍稀的;贵重的polishv.擦亮,擦光barkv.(狗)吠叫essayn.短文,论说文comprisev.包括,由……构成核心词汇拓展fascinationn.着迷;迷恋;魅力;极大的吸引力→fascinatev.吸引;迷住→fascinatingadj.迷人的→fascinatedadj.被迷住的;被吸引住的fashionn.时尚→fashionableadj.时髦的;流行的uncomplicatedadj.不复杂的,简单的;单纯的→complicated(反)adj.复杂的;难懂的→complicatev.使……更复杂→complicationn.使复杂化的难题(或困难)craftn.(某一行业所需的)技能;工艺;手艺→craftsmann.工匠;手艺人→craftsmanshipn.手艺;工艺restorationn.(旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复,整修→restorev.恢复;修复maximumn.最大量,最大值→minimum(反)n.最小量preservev.维护,保护;保存→preservationn.保护dominatev.支配,控制,主宰→dominationn.控制;统治architecturen.建筑风格,建筑设计→architectn.建筑师ambitiousadj.宏大的,艰巨的→ambitionn.野心;雄心associatev.与……有关→associationn.联系;协会;社团→associatedadj.有联系的analysis(pl.analyses)n.分析→analysev.分析核心短语速记bytrialanderror反复试验(以得出最佳结果)backdown退让;认输thecuttingedge(ofsth)(某事物发展的)尖端,最前沿thinkoutsidethebox不拘一格地思考,跳出框框思考breaknewground开辟新的领域;有新发现contributeto有助于;导致posefor为……摆好姿势regardlessof不管,不顾;不理会nothingmorethan不过;仅仅;只有approachto……的方法;通往……的路datebackto追溯到;始于atone’sownpace按某人自己的步调dayin,dayout日复一日leave(...)behind遗留,把……丢在后面rangefrom...to...范围涵盖……到……bring...backtolife使……复活,使……重生passon...to把……传给takeon呈现;具有(特征);雇用takeup占用,花费(时间、空间或精力);开始从事;喜欢上kitchenn.厨房knowledgen.知识;学问landscapen.风景;景色lameadj.跛的;瘸的laughtern.笑;笑声launchvt.发射;发起(运动)laundryn.洗衣店;洗衣房learnedadj.有才华的;博学的leftoveradj.剩余的;剩下的legendn.传说;传奇liberationn.解放libertyn.自由Hewouldevenstayoutsideinastorm,notcomingbackuntilheknewhehadtherightphotos.(not...until...)甚至在暴风雨时,他也会待在外面,直到他认为自己已经拍摄到满意的照片才回家。Hevaluedhisintegrityandwouldnotbeboughtbyanyone,nomatterhowmanyfreeclothesorflightstofarawaydestinationshewasoffered.(“nomatter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句)他珍视自己的正直,不为任何人动摇,无论提供给他多少免费衣物或远程航班。Ifithadn’tbeenforathree-episodedocumentary,outsiderswouldneverhaveknownthattheplainly-dressedpeopleworkingherearemastersoftheircraft,whohavespenttheirlivesrestoringpreciousantiques.(if引导的虚拟条件句)若不是一部三集的纪录片,外面的人永远也不会知道,在这里工作的那些衣着朴素的人都是精于各门技艺的大师,他们毕生都在修复珍贵的古董。EvenifeveryclockinthePalaceMuseumwererestored,therewouldstillbeworktodo,becauserestorationwouldprobablyneedtobeginagainontheclocksthatwererepairedlongago.(evenif引导让步状语从句)即使故宫博物院的每一件钟表都被修复了,仍然有工作要做,因为可能需要重新开始对很久以前修复的钟表进行修复。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文,然后核对答案并背诵该短文。ambitious,pose,modest,associate,painstakingAlthoughhehasbecomeacelebrity,heisstill1.modestandhard-working.He’scharminginthespotlight.Hecarefully2.posesforeachphotographforfashionadvertisement.Hetakeseverysceneseriouslynomatterhowharshthesituationis.The3.painstakingeffortshemadeineveryfilmhelpsboosthisfame.That’swhyhecanachievehis4.ambitionintheprosperousfilmindustry.Hedoesn’tspendmoneyonexpensivecourtyardsorvillaslikemostcelebritiesbutpreservesancientarchitectures.Hecaresabouteverything5.associatedwiththerestorationofculturalrelics.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇nothingmorethan＝nomorethan不过是;仅仅;只有morethan后接数词时,表示“超过;不止”,相当于over;后接名词时,意为“不只是;不仅仅……”,相当于notonly;后接形容词/副词时,意为“非常,很”,相当于very。moreAthanB与其说B不如说Anotmorethan＋基数词,表示“最多;不超过”。如果你能在下周五晚上7点来我家参加我的生日聚会,我会非常高兴。会有十多个朋友(参加)。聚会不仅仅是为了好玩,也是为了相互交流。所以请接受我诚挚的邀请。Iwouldbemorethandelightedifyoucouldcomeandjoininmybirthdaypartyat7p.m.nextFridayatmyhome.Therewillbemorethantenfriends.Thepartyismorethanforfun;itisalsoformutualcommunication.Sopleaseacceptmysincereinvitation.contributeto有助于;导致(contributev.捐献;贡献;投稿;促成,造成contributionn.贡献;捐献;稿件)contribute...to...把……贡献给……;把(时间等)投入到……;捐款;投稿makecontributions/acontributionto对……做出贡献;捐款这个经常向杂志投稿的女孩为我们班做出了很大的贡献。另外,她还给那些贫困学生捐了很多钱。Thegirlcontributingtothemagazinefrequentlyhasmadegreatcontributions/agreatcontributiontoourclass.Inaddition,shealsohascontributedmuchmoneytothepoorstudents.Hemadesuchagreatcontributiontotheuniversitythatthenewlibrarywasnamedafterhim.→Suchagreatcontributiondidhemaketotheuniversitythatthenewlibrarywasnamedafterhim.(用倒装句升级)datebackto(＝datefrom)追溯到;始于;起源于dateback追溯;上溯(后接时间段)outofdate(out-of-date)过时的,过期的uptodate(up-to-date)最新的;现代的;新式的;拥有最新信息的Dating(date)from1933,theSouthLakeParkislocatedinthesouthwesternpartoftheChangchuncity.Everyoneshouldkeepongettinghimselfeducatedsoastobeuptodatewithmoderntechnology.Thecoatisoutofdate,soyou’dbetterchooseanotherstyleoffashioninthisstore.当地政府尽其所能挽救了这座可以追溯到清朝的建筑。Thelocalgovernmentdideverythinginitspowertosavethebuildingthat/whichdatesbackto/datesfromtheQingDynasty.(定语从句)Thelocalgovernmentdideverythinginitspowertosavethebuildingdatingbackto/datingfromtheQingDynasty.(现在分词短语作定语)用法点拨dateback(to)一般只用现在时态,没有被动语态。leave(...)behind遗留;把……丢在后面leaveout删掉;漏掉;省去;不理会;忽视leave...alone不管;别惹;让……一个人待着leaveaside不予考虑;搁置一边leavefor动身去(某地)leaveoff中止;中断Thisisthethirdtimethatyouhaveleftyourumbrellabehindatthegrocerystore.已经被单独留在家里几天没有食物,他们感到绝望。Havingbeenleftalonefordayswithnofoodinthehouse,theyfelthopeless.不要担心,我们中国人都很友好,你不会感到被冷落的。Don’tworry!WeChineseareveryfriendlyandyouwon’tfeelleftout.if引导的虚拟条件句Ifithadn’tbeenforathree-episodedocumentary,outsiderswouldneverhaveknownthattheplainly-dressedpeopleworkingherearemastersoftheircraft...若不是一部三集的纪录片,外面的人永远也不会知道,在这里工作的那些衣着朴素的人都是精于各门技艺的大师……虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用如下：与现在事实相反,从句谓语动词用过去式(be动词一般用were),主句谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”与过去事实相反,从句谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”,主句谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词”与将来事实相反,从句谓语动词用过去式、weretodo或shoulddo,主句谓语动词用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”Ifthenewsafetysystemhadbeenput(put)touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.Ifitweretorain/shouldrain/rained(rain)tomorrow,Iwouldn’tgotothegrocerystore.如果我是一名环卫工人,我会让我们的城市更干净,街上没有任何垃圾。IfIwereadustman,Iwouldmakeourcitycleanerwithnorubbishlyingonthestreet.evenif/thoughEvenifeveryclockinthePalaceMuseumwererestored,therewouldstillbeworktodo,becauserestorationwouldprobablyneedtobeginagainontheclocksthatwererepairedlongago.即使故宫博物院的每一件钟表都被修复了,仍然有工作要做,因为可能需要重新开始对很久以前修复的钟表进行修复。evenif/though即使,尽管,引导让步状语从句,在从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。在主从句主语相同或从句主语为it且从句谓语动词含有be动词时也可采用省略结构,即省略从句的主语和be动词。evenso即使如此;尽管这样Hersalaryisveryhigh.Evenso,shewon’tspendmuchmoneyindecoratinghernewhouse.Yououghttocarryonwithyourdream,eveniffacing(face)alotofdifficulty.尽管它不是你喜欢的风格,但这并不意味着它不好。(2020天津)Eventhough/ifitisnotyourstyle,thatdoesn’tmeanitisbad.用法点拨让步状语从句的引导词归纳：常用引导词：though;although;evenif;eventhough特殊引导词：as(从句必须倒装);while(一般用在句首);nomatter＋疑问词;疑问词＋-ever;whether...or...(2022新高考全国Ⅰ)Anessaynotsubmittedinclassontheduedatewilllosealettergradeforeachclassperioditislate.未在截止日期上课时提交的论文,每迟交一堂课,就会降一个等级评分。在使用试错法的地方,凤头鹦鹉在类似的测试中比猴子做得更好。(2022全国甲)Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.Ginni意识到这是一片珍贵的土地,应该受到人类的尊重,这是她感触最深的事情之一。(2021新高考全国Ⅰ)Millionsofwaterfowlwerekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.数百万只水禽被市场猎人和少数过于野心勃勃的运动员杀死。(2020江苏)Hesaidthathehadheardthecallstopreservetheboxesandhadseenhowsomeofthemwerelistedashistoricbuildings.他说,他听到了保存这些公共电话亭的呼吁声,并目睹了其中一些是如何被列为历史建筑的。提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍poseA.摆姿势B.造成C.提出Theresearchersposeproblemsthatrequiredetailedtechnicalhelp.CThiscouldposeathreattojobsinthecoalindustry.BPleasesitstillwhileyouposeforyourphoto.A快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思。Theyjustneedtopolishtheirtechnique.改进Theambitiousprojectwascompletedinonlyninemonths.规模宏大的;艰巨的Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelike—frequentlybyplane—isviewedasimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.(2022浙江1月)研讨会核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识Heisacknowledgedtobeanambitious(ambition)boy,becausehewantstobeascientistlikeEinstein.WemustsparenoefforttopreserveChinesetraditionsfromdisappearing.Whatwecan’toverlookisthatsmokingdoescontributetolungcancer.Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnothingmorethanplantsandflowers.It’sacknowledgedthattheoldvasedatesbacktoabouttwothousandyearsago.Thenovelistreadsallkindsofbooks,ranging(range)frompoetrytosciencefiction.Itissaidthatthecommitteeiscomprisedofrepresentativesfromallwalksoflife.Dressedinfashionable(fashion)clothes,shelookstotallydifferent,likeamoviestar.Ifyouhadcome(come)hereearlier,youwouldhavemetProfLi.Afterhewentthere,thefarmbegantotakeonanewlook.单句写作——应用文增分练(投诉信)两只苍蝇在我的汤里游动,我非常生气并请服务员换另一道菜。(morethan＋adj.)Withtwofliesswimminginmysoup,Iwasmorethanangryandaskedthewaitertochangeforanotherdish.出乎我的意料,直到我发脾气他才对我的要求作出了一点回应。(not...until)Outofmyexpectation,hedidn’treacttomyrequestuntilIlostmytemper.然而,无论我说什么,他都粗鲁地告诉我他太忙了,不能解决这个问题。(nomatter＋疑问词)However,nomatterwhatIsaid,hetoldmehewastoobusytosolvetheprobleminarudemanner.服务员没有给我换菜,也没有向我表示道歉。(nor位于句首引起倒装)Thewaiterdidn’tchangeit.Nordidheexpressanyapologytome.即使这位服务员意识到他错了,我也要求你们正式向我道歉。(evenif引导让步状语从句)Evenifthewaiterrealizedhiserror,Idemandyoushouldmakeaformalapologytome.微型写作——续写提能练[教材续写语料]动作描写posev.(使)摆好姿势associatev.与……有关dominatev.支配,控制,主宰人物描写sedatelyadv.安静地;慢悠悠地modestadj.谦虚的,谦逊的celebrityn.名人,明星acclaimn.&v.表扬,赞赏ambitiousadj.宏大的,艰巨的描述词汇harshadj.恶劣的,艰苦的,严峻的prosperousadj.富裕的,繁荣的,兴旺的,发达的painstakingadj.小心的;费尽心思的;精心的preciousadj.珍稀的;贵重的[续写语料运用]请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇,完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。(母亲节的早餐)看着早餐,母亲欣喜若狂。她想象着她的两个孩子付出了多么艰苦的努力,知道这对他们来说是一项艰巨的任务。没有什么比他们对她的感情和爱更珍贵的了。这对双胞胎急切地盯着她,希望听到她的赞扬。她坐在桌旁,咬了一口面包,摇了摇头,假装不喜欢食物。看到孩子们的表情后,她突然称赞道：“太好了！我是世界上最幸福的母亲。”选择了一个漂亮的姿势,他们拍了一张照片并将其发布在互联网上。Lookingatthebreakfast,themotherwasdominatedwithprofoundhappiness.Sheimaginedwhatpainstakingeffortshertwochildrenhadmade,knowingit’sanambitioustaskforthem.Nothingwasmorepreciousthantheiraffectionandloveforher.Thetwinswereeagerlystaringather,hopingtohearheracclaim.Shesatatthetable,tookabiteofthebread,andshookherhead,pretendingshedidn’tlikethefood.Afterseeingtheexpressionsofthechildren,shesuddenlyacclaimed,“Excellent!I’mthehappiestmotherintheworld.”Choosingabeautifulpose,theytookaphotographandposteditontheInternet.词形变化填空(每小题2分,共10分)Aswetryourbesttopreservepandas,weshouldalsopayattentiontothepreservationoftheirhabitats.(preserve)Asanambitiousboss,hisambitionistoopentennewworkshopsandanewgrocerystore.(ambition)ThearchitecthasundertakentorestoretheancientarchitecturedatingbacktotheMingDynasty.(architect)Neitherofusse