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考研《英语一》2023年黑龙江省鹤岗市萝北县深度自测卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Iwasshoppinginastore,whenalittleboy1mewithadollinhishandandasked,“Sir,the2toldmeIdon’thaveenoughmoneyforthedoll.Canyoucountitforme?”Ididasheaskedandgaveadisappointing3tohim.Thelittleboywasstill4thedoll.“It’sthedollthatmysisterwantedsomuch.Iwantedto5herforherBirthday.ButshehasgonetobewithGod.DaddysaysthatMommyisgoingtoseeGod
verysoontoo;6Ithoughtthatshecouldtakethedollwithhertogiveitto
mysister.”Thenhelookedagainatthedollwith7eyes,veryquietly.Iquickly8
formywalletandsaidtotheboy.“Supposewecheckagain,just9youdohaveenoughmoneyforthedoll?”Heagreedwithhopefuleyes.
I10someofmymoneytohis11seeing.
Therewasenoughforthedollandevensome12money.IfinishedmyshoppinginatotallydifferentstatefromwhenI13.I
couldn’tgetthelittleboyoutofmy14ThenIrememberedapieceofnewsthata15maninatruckhitacar16byayoungwomanandalittlegirl.Thelittlegirldied17,
andthemotherwasleftinacriticalstate.Twodays18thisencounterwiththelittle
boy,Ireadinthenewspaperthattheyoungwomanhad19.Icouldn’t
stopmyself.The20thatthelittleboyhadforhismotherandhissisterisstill,to
thisday,hardtoimagine.Andinafractionofasecond,adrunkdriverhad
takenallthisawayfromhim…1、A.providedB.turnedtoC.greetedD.turnedup2、A.cashierB.guideC.customerD.guard3、A.permissionB.replyC.allowanceD.impression4、A.takingB.showingC.holdingD.keeping5、A.celebrateB.appreciateC.sendD.gift6、A.soB.butC.thereD.besides7、A.regretfulB.guiltyC.sadD.surprised8、A.appliedB.reachedC.pickedD.found9、A.asifB.evenifC.sothatD.incase10、A.putB.attachedC.addedD.saved11、A.beyondB.withoutC.withinD.from12、A.spareB.abundantC.availableD.possible13、A.sawB.startedC.stayedD.entered14、A.abilityB.heartC.mindD.control15、A.tiredB.sleepyC.lostD.drunk16、A.occupiedB.drivenC.obtainedD.bought17、A.bycoincidenceB.byaccidentC.rightnowD.rightaway18、A.beforeB.afterC.atD.upon19、A.wentthroughB.turnedawayC.passedawayD.diedout20、A.connectionB.admirationC.loveD.gratitudeSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1WhenyousearchGoogleoruseAmazon,youmightassumetheresultsyouseearethesameasthoseviewedbyyourfriends,familyandotherInternetusers.Butyou’dbewrong.Websitesandsocialnetworkstrackyourlocationandsearchhistoryandmakeassumptionsaboutyourage,race,sexandpoliticalviews.Theythenshowadstheybelievetobethemostrelevant,inordertomaximizeclicks,butpersonalizewhichresultsyouseebyeliminatingwhattheythinkisirrelevant.Thisissoldtothepublicaspositive,makingeachwebsessionrelevantandinteresting,yetitisleadingresearcherstofearthiscouldwidendividesbetweentheNorthandSouth,richandpoor,andyoungandold.Forexample,intermsofwealth,ifusersareonlyevershownparticularproductsandjobadvertisementsbasedonhowmuchtheyearnorwheretheylive,theseuserswillneverbegiventheopportunitiestoincreasetheirwealth,orhowmuchtheyspendonitems.PrincetonUniversityhascreatedbots(自动程序),eachwiththeirownfakeprofiles.Thesebotshavedifferentfakeagesandsexes,earndifferentlevelsofmoney,arevirtually(虚拟地)basedinvariouslocationsaroundtheworldandhavedifferentinterests.Byusingthesebotstoscanandresearchtheweb,theresearchershopetocreateapictureofnotonlywhateachofthemsees,butalsowhatsitestheyaremissingouton.Accordingtoleadresearcher,ArvindNarayanan,“Ourgoalisawebprivacycensus(普查)whichwillbeacomprehensivemapofwhoarecollectingwhatinformation,whattheyareinferringfromit,andwhotheyaresharingitwith.Itisanimportantstepinourfinalgoaloffiguringouthowusersaretreatedbasedonthatinformation.”Personalizationalsohasitsbenefits.ShoppingsitessuchasAmazonandeBaycanscanauser’ssearchandpurchasehistorytooffersuggestions.Thiscanhelpfindsimilar,cheaperitemsoritemsthataremoresuitedtotheirneedsataglance.It’salsopossibletodisablepersonalizedadsandresults.Google’ssearchengineletsyouswitchoffpersonalization,forexample.ResearchersfromtheUniversitatPompeuFabrainBarcelonaandYahoofelttheissuewassopotentiallydamaging,andtheyhavealsocreatedawayto“burstthefilter(过滤)bubble”.Theybelievethatjustbecausepeoplehaveopposingviewsoncertaintopicsitdoesn’tmeantheywon’tshareinterestswithothers.1、Theunderlinedword“eliminating”inParagraph1probablymeans“_______”.A.decoratingB.removingC.personalizingD.protecting2、PrincetonUniversitycreatedbotsto______.A.explainwhydifferentwebsitesarepersonalizedB.offeruserssomeadviceonhowtoprotectprivacyC.assesshowpersonalizationisaffectingInternetusersD.stresstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofpersonalizationofwebsites3、Whichofthefollowingwebsiteshavedonesomethingtocutoffpersonalization?A.GoogleandYahoo.B.eBayandGoogle.C.AmazonandeBay.D.AmazonandYahoo.4、Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A.Differentwebsitesaredoingsomethingtoofferqualityservice.B.Personalizedadsandsearchresultscouldbecreatingdifferentwebpages.C.Personalizationofdifferentsiteswillleadtousers’privacybeingviolated.D.Personalizationofshoppingsitesmakesonlineshoppingmoreconvenient.Text2YourNewYear’splantomovemoreisoneofthetoughesttostickto,andagroupofscientistsworkingwithobese(过度肥胖的)micethinkthey’restartingtounderstandwhyRatherthanoursedentary(久坐的)livescausingweightgain,saysAlexxaiKraviz,theNationalInstitutesofHealthneuroscientistwholedthestudy,changesinbrainchemistryafterwestartgainingweightaffectourcapacitytomove.“Obsesmicecanmovejustfine,”saysKravitz,whopublishedtheworkwithhisteaminCellMetabolism“Theyjustdon’t.”WhatKravitz’steamfoundisthattheactivityofaparticulardopamine(多巴胺)receptorlinkedtomovementgoesdownasmicegainweightonahigh-fatdiet.Sotheniceslowdownandtheymoveless.Andwhentheresearchersrestoredtheactivityofthatdopaminereceptor—DR2—themicestartedmovingmore,eventhoughtheywerestillobese.TheteamalsosawthatleanmicemissingtheDR2receptoractedlikeobesemice.Thisisthetarget,saysKravitz—restoringthatdopaminereceptorfunction.“Maybe20or30yearsdowntheroad,wecoulddothatinpeople,”hesays.Andthereisonemorething:ThescientistsfednormalmiceandthemicelackingDR2thesamehigh-fatdiet.Bothsetsofmicegainedweightatthesamerate.KravitzsaysthisisimportantbecausemicelackingDR2movelessfromtheget-go,whereasanormalmousetakesalittletimetostartseeingthatdopaminereceptor-relatedlossofexercise.Theabilitytoexerciseseemstobedisconnectedfromweightgain,hesays.“Exerciseisahealthythingtodo,butitsimpactonweightlosshasbeenexaggerated,”hesays.“Wehavetoberealisticaboutthesizeoftheeffectofexerciseonweight,asopposedtohealthbenefits.”Still,beforeyouabandonyourNewYear’sexerciseplan,keepinmindthatthisstudywasdoneusingahigh-fatdiet,andnotthenormalcalorierestrictionthatpeoplemaintainwhentheydiet.That’sabigdrawbacktothework,saysVickiVieira-Potter,aUniversityofMissouriphysiologistnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Theyfeedthemicewithhigh-fatdiet,itdamagesthereceptor,andthatdecreasesactivity.Thosewhoplantolostweightshouldrememberhigh-fatdietisanicewaytocauseobesityinthelab,butit’snotthesameasthenormalsituationofobesity,”shesays.Sinealsosaysthatalotoftheweightgaininthemicecameaftertheystoppedmovingaround,whichindicatesthatthelossofmovementdidimpactobesity.1、AlexxaiKravitzislikelytoagreethat________.A.high-fatfoodleadstothelackofDR2B.lessmovementresultsfromweightgainC.thelackofDR2resultsinlessmovementD.weightgainleadstotheinactivityofDR2.2、Whatcanweinferfromtheresearchmentionedinthepassage?A.High-fatdietisboundtocauseobesity.B.Theresearchteamaimtodealwithhumanobesity.C.High-fatdiethaslittleinfluenceontherateofweightgain.D.Obesemice’sabilitytomoveisaffectedbytheinactivityofDR2.3、Theunderlinedword“exaggerated”inParagraph7canbereplacedby“________”.A.underestimatedB.excludedC.overlookedD.overemphasized4、AccordingtoVickiVicki-Vieira-Potter,________.A.besidesdiet,otherfactorsbehindobesityshouldn’tbeignoredindailylifeB.thetotallossofmovementcandoharmtothefunctionofDR2C.AlexxaiKravitz’steammisreadtheresultsoftheresearchD.obesityismainlycausedbyhigh-fatdietpeopletake.Text3Alittlegirlwhobattledagainstcancerreceivedaspecialgiftonherthirdbirthday,thankstoacreativestrangerfromIdaho.JessicaSebastian,ownerofSebastianDesign,wascontactedbyDanielleMunger,whosedaughter,Brynn,lostaneyebecauseofcancer.DaniellaskedJessicaifshecouldmakeabunnydollwithoneeye.?”Imakedolls,whichisnotaheroicprofessionbyanymeans.ButrecentlyIwasaskedtomakeadollforalittlegirlwhoisatruesuperhero,”Jessicawrote.“AmamacontactedmeandaskedifIwouldmakeabunnydollwithoneeyeforhertwo0year-olddaughterwholovesanimalsandlostherlefteyetocancer.Thegirlhadstartedtonoticethatshewasdifferentandhersweetmamareadarticlesaboutadollwhichlookslikeachildcanbehelpfulandtherapeutic(有益健康).Shewantedherdaughtertohaveadollthatlookedlikeherandonlyhadherrighteye.Uptonow,Idon’tthinkI’veeverbeenaskedtocreatesomethingsotenderandmeaningful.”BrynnreceivedthespecialgiftonMarch25duringherfamilybirthdayparty.“Shesmiledsobigandthenshecouldnotopentherestofherpresentsuntilwegotthebunnyoutofherboxandshecouldshowherofftoallhercousinsandfamily,”Daniellesaid.Thatevening,DaniellesnappedaphotoofBrynninherwonderwomanpajamaslookingatthebunnydollhappily.Sherecalledherdaughtersaying,,“Shematchesme!”“Myfavoritepartofthisphotoishowsheiswearingherwonderwomannightgown,”Jessicasaid.“Itperfectlyrepresentsthestrengthandcourageofthislittlesuperhero.1、WhydidDanielleaskJessicatomakeabunnydollwithoneeye?A.TosellittoadisabledgirlB.TocureherdaughterofcancerC.TomeetthedemandofherdaughterD.Tofreeherdaughterfromthefeelingofdifference2、WhatcanweinferaboutDaniellefromthepassage?A.Sheisthoughtfulmother.B.Sheisgoodatmakingbunnydolls.C.Shebelievesinherdaughter’scure.D.Shelikesabunnydollwithoneeye.3、WhatdidBrynnmeanbysaying“Shematchesme!”?A.Hermotherwascomfortingher.B.Shewasgladtoreceivethedisabledbunnydoll.C.Sheonlydeservedtoownthedisabledbunnydoll.D.ShefeltdownwhenshewasthedisabledbunnydollText4WelcometoAdventureland!EveryonelovesAdventureland!TheParksandExhibitionswerebuiltforyoutoexplore(探索),enjoy,andadmiretheirwonders.Everyvisitwillbeanunforgettableexperience.Youwillgoawayenriched,longingtocomeback.Whatareyougoingtodothistime?TheTravelPavilionExploreplacesyouhaveneverbeentobefore,andexperiencedifferentwaysoflife.VisittheAmazonjungle(丛林)village,theTurkishmarket,theTaifloatingmarket,theBerbermountainhouseandothers.Talktothepeopletherewhowilltellyouabouttheirlives,andthingstheymake.Youcantrymakingacarpet,makingnets,fishing…TheFutureTowerThisexhibitionshowshowprogresswilltouchourlives.Itallowsustolookintothefutureandexplorethecitiesofthenextcenturyandthewaywe’llbelivingthen.Spendsometimeinourspacestationandclimbintooursimulator(模拟装置)fortheJourneytoMars!TheNatureParkThisisnotreallyoneparkbutseveral.IntheSafariParkyoucandriveamongAfricananimalsinoneofourRangeCruisers:seelions,giraffes,elephantsinthewild.MoveontotheOceanParktowatchthedolphinsandwhales.AndthenthereisstilltheAviarytosee…ThePyramidThisisthecenterofAdventureland.Runoutoffilm,needsomepostcardsandstamps?Forallthesethingsandmanymore,visitourundergroundshoppingcenter.Comehereforinformationandideastoo.1、TheTravelPavilionisbuilttohelpvisitors.A.realizetheimportanceoftravellingB.learnsomethingaboutdifferentplacesintheworldC.learnhowtomakethingssuchasfishingnetsD.becomefamiliarwithmountaincountries2、Ifyouareinterestedinknowingaboutwhatpeople’slifewillbe,youmayvisit.A.theTravelPavilion B.thePyramidC.theSafariPark D.theFutureTower3、Ifyouwanttogetatoyliontotakehome,wherewillyoumostlikelygo?A.ThePyramid. B.TheNaturePark.C.TheFutureTower. D.TheTravelParvilion.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Onemorning,Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedabout1.(be)lateforschoolThereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,someof2.lookedveryanxiousand3.(disappoint)Whenthebusfinallycame,weallhurriedonboardIgotaplacenext4.thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalkAboyonabike5.(catch)myattentionHewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarmsIheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefusedtostop6.wereachedthenextstopStill,theboykept7.(ride)HewascarryingsomethingoverhisshoulderandshoutingFinally,whenwecametothenextstop,theboyranuptothedoorofthebusIheardanexcitedconversationThenthedriverstoodupandasked,“Didanyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop?”Awomanonthebusshouted,“Ohdear!It’s8.(I)”Shepushedherwaytothedriverandtookthesuitcase9.(thank)Everyoneonthebusbegantalkingabout10.theboyhaddone,andthecrowdofstrangerssuddenlybecamefriendlytooneanotherIfyouliveintheUnitedStates,thelawsaysyoucan’thaveafull-timejobuntilyouare16yearsoldAt14or15,youcanworkpart-timeafterschoolor1.weekends,andduringsummeryoucanwork402.(hour)eachweekDoesallthatmeanthatifyouare3.(young)than14,youcan’tearnyourownmoney?Ofcoursenot!Kids4.arebetweentheagesof10and13canearnmoneybydoinglotsofthingsValerie,11,toldusthatshemademoneyby5.(clean)upotherpeople’syardsLena,13,makesmoneybyknitting(织)dogsweatersandselling6.(they)toherneighbors,andReisasaidshehadstartedtakingartclassesandshowingherworktopeoplePeoplehaveaskedher7.(draw)picturesforthemandtheypayherforthemEarning8.(be)learningByworkingtoearnyourownmoney,youarelearningtheskillsyouwillneedtosucceedinlifeSomepeoplethinkthataskingformoneyisaloteasierthanearningit9.,thefivedollarsthatyouearnwill10.(probable)makeyoufeelalotbetterinyourhandthanthetwentydollarsyouaskforSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)DoPeopleNeedSmallTalktoBeHappy?Psychologists(心理学家)havelongsaidthatconnectingwithothersisanimportantpartofhappiness,butjusthowmuchconversationwerequireisunderexamination.Inonestudy,researchersfoundthatsmalltalkmadeuponly10%oftheirconversationrelatedwithhappiness.1、.Scientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcouldpromotebonding.Latelastyear,Princetonresearchersreportedthatsmalltalkkeepsclosenesswithlovedones,andisn’tmerelythestuffofawkwardexchangeswithstrangers.Still,chattingwithstrangerscouldbrightenyourmorning.Inaseriesofexperiments,psychologistsgaveChicagopassengersdifferentdirectionsaboutwhethertotalkwithfellowpassengers一somethingtheytypicallyavoided.2、.Noneofthechattersreportedbeingrejected.Smalltalkcanalsohelpusfeelconnectedtooursurroundings.Peoplewhosmiledat,madeeyecontactwith,andbrieflyspokewiththeirStarbucksbaristas(服务员)reportedagreatersenseofbelongingthanthosewhorushedthroughthetransaction(交易).3、Onereportfoundthatwhenvolunteersbrokethesilencetochatwithgallerygoers,thevisitorsfelthappierandmoreconnectedtotheexhibitthanthosewhowerenotapproached.4、.Inonestudy,peoplewhowererated“lesscurious”byresearchershadtroublegettingaconversationrollingontheirown,andhadgreaterluckbuildingclosenesswithotherswhentheyweresuppliedwithquestionsthatencouragedpersonaldisclosure(透露).Butpeoplewhowereconsidered“curious”needednohelpwhentransformingconversationsaboutordinarythingsintopersonalexchanges.5、.A.Thesameistrueofgallerygoers.B.TheyfoundthatsmalltalkisrelatedwithhappinessC.Butdon’tplaydownsmalltalkjustyet.D.Ofcourse,somepeoplearebetterthanothersatturningsmalltalkintosomethingbigger.E.A“curiousmindset”,theauthorconcluded,canleadto“positivesocialinteractions”.F.Makingsmalltalkisanimportantskillforallthesocialsituations.G.Thosetoldtochatwithothersreportedamorepleasantjourney.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoCareforYourEars?Earsnotonlyletushear,buttheyalsoplayaroleinmaintainingourbalance,whichisvitaltoourabilitytofunctionindailylife.Yet,weignorethem.Wecan’tevenseeourears,exceptinamirror.Wetakeforgrantedwhattheydoforusdayinanddayout-untilwenoticesomething’swrong,suchaswhenanearachestrikesorwhenwestarthavingtoaskpeo
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