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考研《英语一》2023年黑龙江省哈尔滨市方正县模拟试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Iwon’tforgetmyvoluntaryexperienceawhileback.Italwaysremindsmewhatpeopletrulyneedisnotalwaysso1.Thisstoryisalessonwhichhasstayedwithmeandhelpedmeeversince.ItwasThanksgivingandIwasvolunteeringwithmymotherata2fortheneedy.Westoodbehindthecounter3foodtowhoevercamein.Itseemedthatmostofourdinershadbeenhaving4times.Theirclotheswereragged,wornanddry;theywerehungryandtired.5,theylookedneedy!Whenwewerebusywiththeunluckyfellows,awell-dressedmancameinwholooked6butpoor.Iwonderedwhathewasdoingthereandmyjawdroppedin7whenhejoinedthelineforfood.Thecloserhecametomyservicestation,themoreImuttered.Whatwasthismandoing?Iwantedtoknow.Surelyhewasn’tgoingtotakethefood8forthosereallyinneed!Hehadsmalltalkswith9andthelookonhisfacesuggestedthathejustwishedto10beingalone.Thenmymother11tookmetooneside,saying,“Youhave12thattheneedsofthepeoplewhocomeheremustbepurely13:hunger,inadequateshelter,clothing,etc.Butthisgentlemanseemstohavenoneofthoseproblems.Whatifhisneedsareemotional?Whatifheneeds14,friends,orjusttobeamongotherhumanbeings?”Herwords15melikeatonofbricks!IfeltlikeIshouldapologizetotheman,butIdidn’t.Aboutaweeklater,froman16source,theshelterreceivedalargedonation.Ican’thelpbut17ifitcamefromthatman.Now,wheneverImeetothers,Iremembermymother’swordsandtrytosendkindnessandblessingstothem,18howtheylook.Needsaren’talwaysvisible.Maybeemotional19isnotonlytheloneliestfeeling,butthemostdifficultneedtoget20.Butkindnessalwaysmakesadifference.1、A.immediate B.universal C.obvious D.similar2、A.station B.hospital C.canteen D.shelter3、A.distributing B.processing C.appointing D.reserving4、A.enjoyable B.smooth C.rough D.permanent5、A.Invain B.InBrief C.Inparticular D.Incontrast6、A.anything B.nothing C.everything D.something7、A.sorrow B.amazement C.delight D.relief8、A.lent B.paid C.meant D.rewarded9、A.theorganizer B.thevolunteer C.thedonor D.thepoor10、A.escape B.appreciate C.compromise D.represent11、A.violently B.quietly C.angrily D.curiously12、A.grasped B.supposed C.doubted D.confirmed13、A.practical B.mental C.personal D.physical14、A.food B.income C.comfort D.clothes15、A.hit B.persuaded C.attracted D.injured16、A.unbelievable B.unique C.unwilling D.unknown17、A.forecast B.wonder C.imagine D.reflect18、A.regardlessof B.butfor C.apartfrom D.dueto19、A.support B.character C.behavior D.hunger20、A.advocated B.solved C.met D.providedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1TwoofthesaddestwordsintheEnglishlanguageare“ifonly”.Ilivemylifewiththegoalofneverhavingtosaythosewords,becausetheyconveyregret,lostopportunities,mistakes,anddisappointment.Myfatherisfamousinourfamilyforsaying,“Taketheextraminutetodoitright.”Ialwaystrytolivebythe“extraminute”rule.Whenmychildrenwereyoungandlikelytocauseaccidents,IalwaysthoughtaboutwhatIcoulddotoavoidan“ifonly”moment,whetheritwassomethingminorlikemovingacupfullofhotcoffeeawayfromtheedgeofacounter,orsomethingthatrequiredalittlemoreworksuchastapingpadding(衬垫)ontothesharpcornersofaglasscoffeetable.Idon’tonlyavoidthose“ifonly”momentswhenitcomestosafety.It’sequallyimportanttoavoid“ifonly”inourpersonalrelationships.Weallknowpeoplewholostalovedoneandregrettedthattheyhadforegoneanopportunitytosay“Iloveyou”or“Iforgiveyou.”WhenmyfatherannouncedhewasgoingtotheeyedoctoracrossfrommyofficeonGoodFriday,ItoldhimthatitwasaholidayformycompanyandIwouldn’tbehere.ButthenIthoughtaboutthefactthathe’s84yearsoldandIrealizedthatIshouldn’tgiveupanopportunitytoseehim.IcalledhimandtoldhimIhaddecidedtogotoworkonmydayoffafterall.IknowtherewillstillbeoccasionswhenIhavetosay“ifonly”aboutsomething,butmylifeisdefinitelybetterbecauseofmypolicyofdoingeverythingpossibletoavoidthateventuality.Andeventhoughittakesanextraminutetodosomethingright,oritoccasionallytakesanhourortwoinmybusyscheduletomakeapersonalconnection,IknowthatI’mdoingtherightthing.I’mbuyingmyselfpeaceofmindandthat’sthebestkindofinsuranceformyemotionalwell-being.1、Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofthe“extraminute”rule?A.Startthecarthemomenteveryoneisseated.B.Leavetheroomforaminutewiththeironworking.C.Moveanobjectoutofthewaybeforeittripssomeone.D.Waitforanextraminutesothatthesteaktastesbetter.2、TheauthordecidedtogotoherofficeonGoodFridayto______.A.meetherfatherwhowasalreadyanoldmanB.keepherappointmentwiththeeyedoctorC.joinintheholidaycelebrationofthecompanyD.finishherworkbeforethedeadlineapproached3、Theunderlinedword“foregone”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.A.wasted B.lackedC.avoided D.abandoned4、Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheTwoSaddestWords. B.TheEmotionalWell-being.C.TheMostUsefulRule. D.ThePeaceofMind.Text2Vinegarmakessalad,friesanddumplingstastebetter,andyoucanevenuseittocleanyourwindows.Andnow,accordingtoscientists,itmayeventheplanet'spopulationsurviveclimatechange.ResearchersfromtheRIKENCenterforSustainableResourceScience(CSRS)inJapanfoundthatgrowingplantsinvinegarmakesthemmoreresistanttodroughts.Thiscouldmeanthatinthefuture,worriesaboutclimatechangeaffectingtheworld'ssupplyoffoodwillbemuchlower.ThediscoverywasmadeaftertheresearchersstudiedtheArabidopsis,aplantknownforitsabilitytosurviveindryweather.Itwasfoundthatwhentheplantwasplacedindrought﹣likeconditions,itproducedachemicalcalledacetate(醋酸盐)﹣themaincomponentofvinegar.Afterdiscoveringthis,thescientistsexperimentedfurtherbyaddingacetatetothesoilofotherplants,beforetheystoppedgivingthemwatercompletely.Afterleavingtheplantsfor14days,theyfoundthattheonestreatedwithacetatehadsurvived,whiletheuntreatedplantshaddriedupanddied.It'shopedthatthissimplemethodofsurvivalcouldsoonbeusedtohelpfarmersindrycountrieskeeptheircropsalive."Intheexperiment,wetargetedthestaplefoodsoftheworld﹣rice,wheatandmaize﹣andthebasicplantofbreedingspecies,rapeseed(油菜籽),"JongMyongKim,co﹣authorofthestudy,toldPopularSciencemagazine.Kimalsotoldthemagazinehe'salreadybeenintouchwithpeopleallovertheworldwhoareinterestedintryingthissimpleandcost﹣effectivemethodoutforthemselvesfromflowergrowingcompaniestoamateurgardeners.Althoughatthispointkeepingthirstyplantsaliveisn'taseasyasjustpouringvinegaroverthem,Kimsaidheandhisteamareworkingonmakingtheprocessassimpleaspossible."Nowwearetryingtocooperatewithsomefarmers,andalsosomecompanies,tomakeamethodtoapplythissystem,"hesaid.Andforthoseofuswhoalwaysforgettoaskourneighborstowaterourplantswhenwegoaway,hopefullythismeanstheendofreturninghomefromatriptofindourfavoriteflowershavedied.1、Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A.Theworld'sfoodsupplywillbeincreased.B.Plantsbettersurvivedroughts.C.TheArabidopsisisresistanttodroughts.D.Vinegarcouldbeusedtofightdroughts.2、Itwasdiscoveredthatacetatecan.A.beusedbyfarmerstoreplacesoilB.onlybeproducedbytheArabidopsisC.helpplantssurvivedryconditionsD.beusedtoimprovepoorsoil3、Whatarethetargetplantsoftheexperiment?A.allbreedingspecies.B.wheatandArabidopisis.C.riceandmaize.D.rapeseedandArabidopisis.4、JongMyongKim'sexperimentoftryingoutthemethod.A.canmakepeople'stripspleasantB.turnedoutaworldwidesuccessC.isassimpleaspouringvinegarovertheplantsD.appealstomanyflowergrowingcompaniesText3March3marksWorldHearingDay.Thisyear’sthemeis“Checkyourhearing!”Manyexpertsandhealthorganizations,includingthosewhopayattentiontothehearing-impaired(听力障碍),areworkingtohelppeoplerealizetheimportanceofprotectingtheirhearingandavoidhearingloss.Whenwetalkaboutmusic,whatkindoffeelingsdoesitbring?Excitement…andrelaxation.Butwhatifthemusiclastsforhours?WeinterviewedagroupofmusiciansbasedinBeijingduringtheweekend.Theyallsaidthathoursofexposuretoloudmusiccancausediscomfort.Oneaddedthatbandmembersliketoplayatmaximumvolume(音量)andforgettheharmthatloudmusiccancause.Thesamethingnotonlyoccurstomusicians.It’salsonotrarefordailyuserssincelisteningtoloudmusiconloudsoundequipmenthasbecomeapartofmodemlife.AccordingtotheWHO,thepracticehasputmorethanabillionpeoplearoundtheworld,aged12-35,atriskoflosingtheirhearing.Wealsointerviewedsomeheadphoneusersinthestreet,andmostofthemsaidthattheyarenotheavyusersbutadmittedtheyuseheadphonesforhoursonthesubwayandintheofficeorhome.It’seasyforthesepeopletograduallyincreasethevolumewithoutawareness,especiallyinanoisyenvironment.Often,headphoneusersfailtorealizethey’relisteningtoaudioatunsafelevelsuntilserioushearingproblemssuddenlyoccur.Therearemanyreasonsforhearingloss,includingloudacoustic(听觉的)sources,drugabuse,anddiseases.Expertssuggestfrequentmedicalchecksandpreventionmeasures.Whethercongenital(先天的)oracquired,lossofhearingisusuallyirreversible.“Oncethehearinglossoccurs,it’salreadytoolatetobechangedbacktowhatitwasbefore,”saidYangShiming,expertoftheChinesePLAGeneralHospital.“Earlyprevention,earlyidentificationandearlytreatment.Ifeveryonecoulddothesethings,hearinglossanditsharmcouldbekepttoaminimum,”Yangsaid.Ofcourse,thisappliestoeveryoneofus.1、Whatmightbeareasonforhearingloss?A.Listeningtomusic. B.Takingmedicines.C.Ignoringsoundpollution. D.Usingheadphones.2、WhatdoesYangShimingadvisepeopletodoabouthearingloss?A.Getridofdrugabuse.B.Makepreventionaheadoftime.C.Stopplayingmusicinbands.D.Choosemusicwiththehelpofmusicians.3、Whichcanbestexplain“irreversible”underlinedinthelastparagraph?A.Incurable. B.Unavailable.C.Unbelievable. D.Invisible.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.PreventingHearingLossB.ReasonsforLosingHearingC.TheOriginofWorldHearingDayD.RaisingAwarenessofProtectingHearingText4Likemostofyou,I’vegrownupwithscienceputtingitintomyheadthateatingCholesterol(胆固醇)isbadforus.Mydoctorhasscoldedmerepeatedlyforlikinghigh-cholesterolsnacks.Butnow,after40yearsofgivingcholesterolsucharap,thescientificexpertsarereportedlyreadytoreverse(颠倒)themselves.Suddenly,we’regoingtobetoldthathigh-cholesterolfoodsarenotbadforusafterall.Thisisn’tthefirsttimesciencereverseswhatitbelievestobetrue,norwillitbethelast.Tooptimists,thefluidityofscience’sconclusionsisagoodthing-provethatscienceisalwayscorrectingitselfinlightoftheverylatestinformation.Butamodemsocietythatlooksincreasinglytosciencefornotjustwhattoeat,butalsohowtobehaveandwhattothink?Howcanwetrustanauthoritythatoftenchangesitsmindinextremeways?Science’stypicalwayisn’tlimitedtomattersofnutrition.Goaheadandcheckitoutforyourselfbylookingatthequalifiersusedinthevastmajorityofhonestlywrittensciencenewsarticles.You’llseethatthestoriesarelacedwithweakwordsandphrasessuchas:some,incertaincircumstances,probably,perhaps,may,could,tends,suggests,indicates,accordingto,islinkedto,playsarolein.ThegraveproblemI’veobservedovertheyearsisthattoooftenscienceanditsreporterscreatetheimpressionofcertaintywhennoneisproved.Thecholesterolstoryisbutoneexampleofthatmake-believecertainty.Howmuchshouldwebeconcernedaboutthis?Agreatdeal,Ibelieve,givenscience’sgreatandgrowinginfluenceonourlives.Attheveryleast,eachofusneedsto-understandthatthescientificworldview—impressiveasitsurelyis—isbuiltonshiftingsands.AsEinsteinonceobserved,“Noamountofexperimentationcaneverprovemeright;asingleexperimentcanprovemewrong.”1、Theunderlinedpart“givingcholesterolsucharap”(inPara.1)meanstheauthor.A.alwayspromotesuseofcholesterolB.sometimesstandsforcholesterolC.avoidscholesterolgenerallyD.eatscholesterolregularly2、Intheeyesoftheauthor,changesinscientificstatements.A.areworryingB.aremeaninglessC.areagoodthinginawayD.arethemajorwaytoimprovescience3、Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisNOTthewordcommonlyusedinscientificarticles?A.LikelyB.SurelyC.SeemsD.Appears4、Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A.Sciencecanblindus.B.Scienceneedbeopentodoubt.C.Scienceisnotasimportantasthought.D.Scienceshouldbebuiltonexperiments.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Ifyoutravelorgoabroad,it'snecessarytomixwiththelocalsThisallowsyou1.(put)yourlanguageskillstothetestandfindoutmoreaboutthelocalculture2.(live)abroadforalongtime,I'veputtogether3.listoftipstohelpyoumakefriendsinaforeigncountryFirstly,sayyestoeverything(withinreason)Obviously,ifyoudon'tfeel4.ease,youcanchoosenottodosomethingHowever,don'tputofftryingsomethingnewThegroupofstudentsfromyourclasswhoinviteyououtforacoffeemightendup5.(be)yourfriendsforlife!Secondly,findahobbyortrysomething6.(entire)newJoinadanceclass,awalkingclub,orlearntocookthelocalfood—thepossibilitiesareendless!Thirdly,getoutofthehouse!Hours7.(spend)infrontofacomputerwithfamilyandfriendsbackhomesurelymakeyouevenmorehomesickMakethemostofthenewandexcitingplaceyouliveinLastly,don'tbeawallflowerWhensurroundedbypeoplespeakinganunfamiliarlanguage,youmayfeelitdifficulttobe8.(confidence)andinvolve9.(you)inconversationsEvensotrytomakeyourvoiceheardIt'sverylikely10.youwillfindeveryonewantstoknoweverythingaboutyouChinacreatesHarvestFestivalforfarmersRecentlyChinahassetupaspecialdayforfarmerstocelebratetheyearlyharvest.Itisthefirstfestival1.(create)byChinaspeciallyforthecountry’sfarmers.“ThecountrywillcelebratetheChineseFarmers’HarvestFestivalontheautumnalequinox(秋分)ofChinalunarcalendarfromthisyear,”saidHanChangbin,ministerofagricultureandruralaffairs,at2.pressconference.Autumnalequinoxusually3.(fall)betweenSeptember22and24,4.thecountry’sagriculturalharvestseason.Thefestivalwillgivegreater5.(important)toruralworkandpushfor6.(fast)developmentofagricultureandruralareas.Avarietyofcelebrationswillbeorganized7.(display)theagriculturalharvest,ruraltechnologyachievementsandfarmers’creativeness.Farmers8.(encourage)toinvolveinactivitiesrelatedtotheirworkandlife,9.wasteshouldbeavoidedinthecelebrations.TheruraleconomyisakeypartofChina’seffortstodevelopamodernizedeconomy.By10.(develop)itsvastruralareas,Chinaexpectstoseeastrongagriculturalsector,abeautifulcountrysideandwealthyfarmers.SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.Whyyoushouldn'tpunishyourkidsforlyingGettingyourchildrentostoplyingischallenging.Therearemanyinfluences(TV,movies,videogamesandsomegreatbooks)inwhichliesarecommon.Childrenseeparentslietoothers,ifonlytobepolite.MostparentsaddtothatwithtalesaboutthelivesandactivitiesofSantaClausortheToothFairy,ortolessenfears.1、Themostcommonreactionstochildrenwholieareexplainingwhyitiswrongandpunishment.2、Herearethreebettertoolssupportedbyresearchtouseinstead.PRAISE:Youcouldaskyourchildtosaysomethingthathappenedatschoolthatistrue.Whenyourchildobeys,praisehimenthusiastically.Bespecific:3、andgiveyourchildahugorahighfive.Aimforoneortwointeractions(互动)likethisaday.Ifyouhappento"catch"yourchildinalie,saysomethinglike,"Thatisnottrueandcouldgetyouintroubleoutsideofthehome."MODEL:Explicitlytellthetruth.Thiscouldbeaboutsomethingthathappenedwhenyouwereachildorsomethingthathappenedduringtheday.Itneednotbedramatic.Anotheroptionistoplayagameatdinner.Eachpersontellsonethingthatwastruethatday.Again,givealittlepraisetothechildwhonormallyliesifsheplaysalong.DECREASEPUNISHMENTANDMORALIZING:Theyareunlikelytochangebehaviorordeveloptheconductyouwant.4、Rather,useverymildpunishment(lightscolding,shortlossofprivilege,abrieftime﹣out).Moreseverepunishments(shouting,takingawaysomethingforaweek,hitting)arenotmoreeffectiveinactuallychangingthefrequencyoflying.5、Usuallytheycanbedroppedbythen.Itisunlikelythatlyingwillbecompletelyremoved,butwiththerightencouragement,kcanbedramaticallylessened.A.Itisnotwhatthatis,butaboutpractice.B.Aswaysofchangingbehavior,theseareineffective.C.Thatdoesnotmeanignoring,lyingorlettingtgo.D."Thatwasgreat!YoutoldmewhathappenedjustlikeIasked.Wow!"E.Trytheseproceduresfortwotothreeweeksandseewhereyou
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