上海市上海大学附属嘉定高级中学2023-2024学年高一上学期第一次质量监测 英语试题（含解析）

上大附属嘉定高中2023-2024学年第一学期第一次质量监测高一年级英语学科试卷I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA(每题1分，共10分)Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Ateacher.

B.A

doctor.

C.Apoliceman.

D.Apostman.2.A.4:00.

B.4:15.

C.4:45.

D.5:00.3.A.Theperfommance.

B.Theprice.

C.Theseats.

D.Thelights.4.A.6dollars.

B.16dollars.

C.30dollars.

D.60dollars.5.A.Theman’swatchis5mimutesfast.

B.Theman’swatchis15minutesfast.C.Theman’swatchis5minutesslow.

D.Theman’swatchis15minutesslow.6.A.Leamhowtodrive.

B.Teachherdadtodrive.C.Askforadrivinglesson.

D.Takeadrivingtest.7.A.Egyptian.

B.Greek.

C.German.

D.Ameriean8.A.Motherandson.

B.Teacherandstudent.

C.Teammates.

D.Classmates9.A.Frank.

B.Rude.

C.Determined.

D.Sensitive10.A.TheywillholdafumniturodisplayB.Theywillholdalecturetonight.C.Theyareshortofchairsfortheaudience.D.Theyhaven’tpreparedthelecturewellSectionB(每题1.5分，共15分)Directions:InSectionB,youwillbearseveralshortpassagesandlongerconversations,andyouwillbeaskedsomequestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversations.Thepassagesandtheconversationswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokennolyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichonewillbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheardQuestions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Shehadrunalongway.

B.Shefeltweakandtiredinthesubway.C.Shehaddonealotofwork.

D.Shehadgivenbloodthenightbefore.12.A.Byliftinghertotheplatforntogetothers’help.B.BymovingherwiththehelpofhisgirlfriendC.Byholdingherarmandpullinghealongtheground.D.Bywakingherupanddraggingherawayfromtheedge.13.A.Dangerinthesubway.

B.Asubwayrescue.C.Howtosavepeople.

D.Atrafficaccident.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.In1815.

B.In1848.

C.In1850.

D.In1855.15.A.Highschooleducation.

B.Two-yearstudyprograms.C.100educationprograms.

D.Four-yearcollegeprograms.16.A.CaliforniahasthemoststatecollegesanduniversitiesinAmerica.B.Califomiaisalargecitywithmorethan4,000,000people.C.CalifomiaisthelargeststateinlandareathroughoutAmerica.D.Califomiahasonlyafewhigh-technologycompanies.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Sellingcomputers.

B.Buildingrailroads.

C.Teaching.

D.Preaching.18.A.ShecametotheUSinthe1960s.B.Shehadagreatgrandfatherkilledinarailroadaccident.C.Shewasathird-generationMexicanAmerican.D.ShewasbomintheUnitedStates.19.A.BecauseshehasalotofrelativesinSpain.B.Becauseshespeaksitathomemostoftime.C.BecauseshehasjustimmigratedfromMexico.D.Becauseshehaslearnedthelanguageatacollege.20.A.LearmingtowriteChinese.

B.ConsultingthewomanaboutSpanishC.WorkinginChina.

D.TravellingwiththewomaninMexicoII.VocabularyandGrammarSectionA(1,10分)Directions:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA.B,CandDChoosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1．She______someone,soInoddedtoherandwentaway.A．phoned B．hadphonedC．wasphoning D．hasphoned2．AfewmonthsafterhehadarrivedinChina,Mr.Smith________inlovewiththepeopleandculturethere.A．wouldfall B．hadfallen C．hasfallen D．fell3．Hisfirstnovelgoodreviewssinceitcameoutlastmonth.A．receives B．isreceviing C．willreceive D．hasreceived4．—HowmuchdoyouknowabouttheYouthOlympicGamestobeheldinNanjing?—Well,themedia

________

itinavarietyofforms.A．cover B．willcoverC．havecovered D．covered5．Aftergettinglostinastorm,amemberofthenavyteam______fourdayslater.A．rescued B．wasrescued C．hasrescued D．hadbeenrescued6．—Hi,let’sgoskating.—Sorry,I’mbusyrightnow.I___________inanapplicationformforanewjob.A．fill B．havefilledC．amfilling D．willfill7．--Whattimeisit?---Ihavenoidea.Butjustaminute,I______itforyou.A．check B．checkedC．willcheck D．wouldcheck8．Unlesssomeextramoney________,thetheatrewillbeclose.A．wasfound B．findsC．isfound D．found9．—Thewindowisdirty.—Iknow.It________forweeks.A．hasn’tcleaned B．didn’tcleanC．wasn’tcleaned D．hasn’tbeencleaned10．He____articlesforourwall-newspaperthesethreeyears,andhe_____aboutfortyarticles.A．hasbeenwriting,haswritten B．hasbeenwriting,wroteC．iswriting,hasbeenwriting D．haswritten,haswrittenSectionB

10%(每题1分，共10分)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.assignment

B.timetable

C.expectation

D.behaviors

E.distant

F.harshG.confident

H.usual

I.regretful

J.achieve

K.reflectSchoolLifeintheUKGoingtoaBritishhighschoolforoneyearwasaveryenjoyableandexcitingexperienceforme.Iwasveryhappywiththeschool11inBritainbecauseschoolstartsaround9a.m.andendsabout3.30p.m.ThismeansIcouldgetupanhourlaterthan12,asschoolsinChinabeginbefore8a.m.Onthefirstday,allofthenewstudentswenttoattendanassemblyintheschoolhall.IsatnexttoagirlwhosenamewasDianne.Wesoonbecamebestfriends.Duringassembly,theheadmastertoldusabouttherulesoftheschool.Weshouldmindour13basedontherules.Healsotoldusthatthebestwaytoliveuptoourparents’14wastoworkhardand15highgrades.ThissoundedlikemyschoolinChina.Ihadmanyteachersinthepastyear.Mr.Heywood,myclassteacher,wasveryhelpful.Hetoldusthatthemore16weare,themoreeasilywecansucceed.MyfavoriteteacherwasMissBurke-IlovedthelessonsthatshegaveinEnglishLiterature.Sheaskedusto17beforewedecide.Inourclass,therewere28students.ThisisabouttheaveragesizeforBritishschools.Wehadtomovetodifferentclassroomsfordifferentclasses.Wealsohaddifferentstudentsinsomeclasses,soitwasastruggleformetorememberallthefacesandnames.Ifoundthatthe18wasnotasbeavyaswhatIusedtogetinmyoldschool.However,itwasabitchallengingformeatfirst.Ifeltlucky,asalmostallofmyteachersgavememuchencouragement,althoughafewmake19commentsonmyessays.Iwouldneverbe20forstudyinginthisschool.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionA(每题1分，共15分)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpasagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitthetext.Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?Theanswermaybearesounding“yes!”.Besideshelpingyoufeelcloseand21topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringahostofhealth22toyourbodyandmind.Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou23gettingsickthiswinter.Inarecentstudy24over400healthadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugstheparticipants’susceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncoldafterbeing25tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwere26tocomedownwithacold,andtheresearchers27thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging28about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.Amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere29.“Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromtheriskforcoldsthat’susually30withstress,”notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCamegie.Hugging“isamarkerofintimacyandhelps31thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp32difficulty.”Someexperts33thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled“thebondinghormone”34itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmotherandtheirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitis35intothebloodstream.21．A．connected B．restricted C．equal D．senior22．A．effects B．benefits C．damage D．interests23．A．recall B．forget C．avoid D．keep24．A．collecting B．involving C．guiding D．affecting25．A．devoted B．attracted C．lost D．exposed26．A．morelikely B．morepossible C．lesslikely D．lesspossible27．A．estimated B．denied C．doubted D．imaged28．A．served B．required C．restored D．explained29．A．defeats B．symptoms C．tests D．errors30．A．equipped B．associated C．presented D．compared31．A．assess B．reduce C．generate D．record32．A．inthefaceof B．intheformof C．inthewayof D．inthenameof33．A．adapt B．commit C．owe D．retum34．A．because B．unless C．though D．until35．A．put B．released C．relived D．relievedSectionB

(每题2分，共22分)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Bachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA.B,CandD.Choosethonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Therehavebeenbigchangesintheattitudesofmostparentsoverthelastfewyears.Physicalpunishmentisbannedinschoolsinmostcountries,andinmanycountries,therearemovestobanallphysicalpunishmentofchildrenevenathome.However,manyparentsstillbelievethattheyhavetherighttousesomephysicalpunishmentstodealwithcertainmisbehavioratcertainages.It’seasytofindreasonstoallowsomephysicalpunishments.Oneissueisthatmanyparentsfinditverydifficulttoabandonphysicalpunishmentcompletely.Parentsarguethatthiswasthewaytheywerebroughtupandthatitdidn’tdoanyharmtothem.Theybelievethatforthechild’ssaketheyhavetherighttodisciplinethechildinanywaytheyconsiderfit,includingusingsomephysicalpunishments.Theotheroneisthatphysicalpunishmentcanbequickandeffective.Thereisnotmuchpointreasoningwithascreamingchildinthesupermarket.However,thereareseveralreasonswhyweshouldstopusingphysicalpunishment.Onepointisthatmostparentsarenottrainedtodealwithmisbehavingchildren.Theydon’thaveenoughresourcesorchoicestohandlethesituation.Asaresult,theyimmediatelyreactbyhittingthechildevenifthereareothersolutionstotheproblem.Anotherpointisthatunlesspeoplearechallengedorforcedtochangetheirbelief,theymaykeepfollowingnegativehabits.Anexampleisseatbeltuse—nowmostpeoplewearseatbeltswithoutthinking,whileyearsagotheideaofusingseatbeltswasstrangetomostpeople.Inthesameway,banningphysicalpunishmentwillforcepeopletochangetheirhabits.Inconclusion,parentshavetochangesomeoftheirbeliefandideasabouthowchildrenshouldberaised.Itispossibletoavoidtheuseofphysicalforce,anddoingsowillhelpusmoveclosertothedreamofremovingviolencefromoursociety.36．Accordingtothefirstparagraph,manyparentsthinkthat____________.A．theyarefreetousephysicalpunishmentontheirchildrenB．mostofthechildrenbehavebadlyintheirdailylifeC．theyhavechangedtheirattitudestowardstheirchildrenD．physicalpunishmentiseffectivetoeducatetheirchildren37．Manyparentswon’tgiveupphysicalpunishmentbecause_____________.A．theyaredisappointedwiththeirchildrenB．theywerebroughtupjustinthesamewayC．theydon’twanttohurttheirchildrenbadlyD．theydon’tknowwhattodowiththeirchildren38．Theauthorgivestheexampleofusingseatbeltsinordertoshow____________.A．mostpeopleareusedtowearingseatbeltsB．it’snotdifficulttochangesomenegativehabitsC．seatbeltsarereallyverynecessaryandusefulD．peoplewon’tchangetheiroldhabitsunlessforced39．Themainpurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageisto____________.A．talkaboutabanonusingphysicalpunishmentB．tellusweshouldeducateourchildreninotherwaysC．adviseparentstogiveupusingphysicalpunishmentD．suggestphysicalpunishmentshouldbeusedathome(B)Englishisafunlanguage,andeventhoughit’sconsideredanaccessibleandrelativelyeasyonetolearn,with750,000wordsandspellingthatcanthrowoffeventhemostskilledlearner,learningEnglishfastcanseemimpossible.TakethefollowingtipsonhowtolearnEnglishfasterasyourstartingpointandyou’llmasterthiswonderfullanguageinnotime!TIP1_______Classicliterature,paperbacks,newspapers,websites,emails,yoursocialmediafeed:ifit’sinEnglish,readit.Why?Well,thiscontentwillbefullofjuicynewvocabulary,aswellasafairamountyoualreadyknow.Thishelpsyouimprovequickly,asrepeatedexposuretolearnedvocabularygivesyounewexamplesincontext,thereforereinforcingthosewordsinyourmind.Ontheotherhand,learningnewwordsandexpressionsisessentialtobuildingyourvocabulary,particularlyinalanguagelikeEnglishwithsomanywords!TIP2ACTIVELYTAKENOTEOFNEWVOCABULARYThistipisaclassiconeforgoodreason.Itworks!Whenlearning,weoftenenjoyanewwordorphrasesomuchthatforgettingitseemsimpossible.Buttrustus,noteverythingsticksthefirsttime.Tofightthis,getintothehabitofcarryingaroundanotebook.Wheneveryouhearorreadanewwordorexpression,writeitdownincontext:thatis,inasentenceandwithitsmeaningnoted.Thissavesyoutimeasyouwon’treturntothatwordandaskyourself:“Whatdidthatword/expressionmeanagain?”TIP3TALKWITHREALLIVEHUMANSWhatisalanguageforifnottocommunicate?It’struethatspeakingalanguagehelpsitstickinyourheadfarbetterthanonlyreadingorwritingit.Justthinkofhowmanytimesyou’veheardpeoplesaythatthey“understand,butcan’tspeakEnglish.”Alotofwould-beEnglishspeakershaveturnedtalkingintoahugeobstaclethatonlyservestopsychethemout.Don’tbelikethat.Seekoutnativespeakersforaninformallanguageexchange,enrollinacourse,ortakeclassesonline.TIP4SUBSCRIBETOPODCASTS(INENGLISH)Likehumor?Politics?Blogging?Cooking?Withtopicscoveringeveryinterestimaginable,thereareEnglish-speakingpodcastsoutthereforyou.Subscribetoafewandlistenorwatchwhilegoingtoschoolorwork.Atfirst,youmightfindthenativeaccentsdifficult,butstickwithitandyou’llsoonstarttounderstandwhatyouhear(aswellaslearninglotsofnewvocabularyfromanativespeaker!)40．WhichofthefollowingisthebestheadingforTIP1?A．STARTWITHREADINGWHATYOUREALLYNEEDB．USECONTEXTUALCLUESTOBUILDYOURVOCABULARYC．READALLTHEPRINTEDMATERIALSYOUCANBUYD．READEVERYTHINGYOUCANGETYOURHANDSON41．Thephrase“psychethemout”isclosestinmeaningto____A．makethemdiscouraged B．causethemtroubleC．relievetheirstress D．affecttheirfluency42．WhichstrategyoflearningnewwordsandexpressionsisNOTmentioned?A．ByreadingEnglishmaterials. B．Bynotingthemdownincontext.C．Bytalkingwithnativespeakers. D．BylisteningtoEnglishpodcasts.(C)AstudyofEnglishlearningproblemswascarriedoutamongatotalof106foreignstudents.ItshowsthatmoststudentsconsideredunderstandingspokenEnglishtobetheirbiggestproblemonarrival.Thiswasfollowedbyspeaking,Writingincreasedasaproblemasstudentsdiscovereddifficultiesinwritingpapersthattheywerenowexpectedtohandin.Readingremainedasasignificant（显著的）problem.Theinformationgainedhelpedusindeterminingwherespecialattentionshouldbepaidinourcourse.Althoughmanystudentshavechosentojointhecoursewithareasonablemotivation（动机）,weconsidereditimportanttonotewhatseemedtoencourageinterest.Nearlyallthestudentshaveexperiencedsomekindofgrammar-basedEnglishteachingintheirowncountry.Tousethesamemethodwouldbeself-defeatingbecauseitmightreducemotivation,especiallyifithasfailedinthepast.Thereforeadifferentmethodmayhelpbecauseitisdifferent.Varietyofactivitywasalsoseenasawayofmaintaining（保持）orincreasingmotivation.Severalyearsagowehadonetimetablethatoperatedthroughout,butwesoonfoundthatboththestudentsandtheteacherslostinterestbyabouthalfwaythroughthetenweeks.Thisledustoamajorre-think,sofinallywebroughtitintolinewiththeexpressedlanguageneedsofthestudents.43．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Foreignstudentshavemoreproblems.B．TherearemanywaystoimproveEnglish.C．Teachingshouldmeetstudents’needs.D．Englishlearningproblemsshouldbestudiedagain.44．Writingbecameabiggerproblemwhenforeignstudents.A．becamelessinterestedinreadingB．becamebetteratspeakingC．hadtowritetheirpapersD．hadfewerproblemswithlistening45．Wemayinferfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat.A．grammar-basedteachingseemstobeencouragingB．differentteachingmethodsshouldbeusedC．EnglishcoursesarenecessaryforforeignstudentsD．teachingcontentshouldbechangedhalfway46．Theword“it”underlinedinthelastparagraphrefersto“”.A．re-think B．activityC．motivation D．timetableSectionC(每题2分，共8分)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.NotethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneedThenewsemesterhasbegun,andit’llbeafreshstartforyou.Firstofall,congratulations!47Nowthehardworkreallybegins.You’reprobablyfeelingexcitedormaybeabitnervousaboutwhatawaitsyouatseniorhigh.Whateveryonementionsistheincreasedschoolworkandpreparingforgaokao,butseniorhighisnotallaboutthenationalcollegeentranceexam.48Injuniorhigh,youfollowedyourteacher’sinstructions.Butasasenior,you’reexpectedtothinkandstudyindependently-howyouorganizeyourstudynotesandhowoftenyoustudyareleftuptoyou.49Thefirstyearinseniorhighoffersmanydevelopmentopportunities.Joiningvariousactivitiescanenrichyourschoollife,helpyoutomakenewfriends,broadenyourhorizons(开阔眼界)anddealwithstressfulsituations.50So,openyourselfupandmakenewfriends.Lifewillbeeasierandmoreexcitingifyouhavepeopletosharethegoodtimesandthebadtimesoftheseyears.A．You’vesuccessfullygraduatedfromjuniorhighschool.B．However,studyingisnotthemostimportantthing.C．Sofromnowon,trytoexplorethefieldyou’reinterestedin.D．Manysaythattheymakelifelongfriendsinhighschool.E．Indeed,youshouldn’tbeafraidofmovinguptoseniorhighschoolF．Intruth,itisaboutpreparingforthefutureandbeingresponsible.第II卷I.(每题1.5分，共7.5分)Directions:Choosetheproperphrasefromtheboxanduseitscorrectformtofillintheblanks.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.stareat,

happento,

begfor,

makesure,

turnout,

relateto51．Loserstheproblem.Winnerslookaroundforthethesolution.52．Itthatthetwinsareadmittedtothesameuniversity.53．youhaveplentyofroomtositcomfortably.54．Successofamanisdirectlythechoicemadebyhimself.55．Hewastoohungryandsomefood.II.(每题1.5分，共7.5分)Directions:Usesimplepasttense,pastperfectorpastfuturetensestocompletethesesentences56．Wheneverwehadtrouble,he(come)tohelpus.(所给词的适当形式填空)57．Bythetimeoflastyear,we(build)twobridges.(所给词的适当形式填空)58．Thepolice(stop)meonmywayhomelastnight.(所给词的适当形式填空)59．Ididn’tknowwhenshe(come),butwhenshe(come),Iwouldletyouknow.(所给词的适当形式填空)III.Translation(共15分)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveinthebackets60．她有时会特别烦人，不过我尽量不去理会她。(ignore)(汉译英)61．我宁愿呆在家里读书而不是去参加派对。(rather)(汉译英)62．当事情结果并不能令人满意时，你也不能失去信心。(turnout)(汉译英)63．这篇短文的主题是关于孔子的“三人行，必有我师”这句名言。(relate)(汉译英)听力1-10

BCCCBADAAB

11-20

DABCBACDBA1．C【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：她当时正在给某个人打电话，所以我向她点点头，就走开了。从逗号后内容可以看出，“我”走开是因为她在打电话，表示当“我”看到她的时候正在发生的事情，再根据句中的nodded和went可知应该用过去进行时，答案选C项。2．D【详解】考查时态。句意：史密斯先生到中国几个月后，就喜欢上了那里的人和文化。发生在hadarrived之后，所以应用一般过去时。故选D。3．D【详解】考查时态。句意：他的第一部小说自上个月出版以来，得到了好评。since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。选D。4．C【详解】考查时态。句意：——关于将在南京举办的青奥会你了解多少？——哦，媒体已经用各种形式进行了报道。根据语境可以判定出，本题用现在完成时态，强调过去的事情对现在的影响。故选C。【点睛】现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作或开始的状态在过去并未完成或结束，而是一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续下去(也可能到此结束)，如汉语说“他在我们学校教书已有30年了”，显然“他在我们学校教书”是从30年前开始，并且一直教到现在，已经持续了30年；又如汉语说“自上个星期以来他一直很忙”，显然“忙”是从上个星期开始的，并且这一“忙”就一直忙到现在。如：Hehastaughtinourschoolfor30years.他在我们学校教书已有30年了。Hehasbeenbusysincelastweek.自上个星期以来他一直很忙。本题中媒体用各种形式进行报道，这件事情发生在过去，并有可能持续下去，因此，用现在完成时。5．B【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：一名海军士兵在暴风雨中迷失四天后成功获救了。根据fourdayslater.可知，本句为一般过去时，主语amemberofthenavyteam与谓语为被动关系。故选B项。6．C【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——嗨，我们去滑冰吧。——对不起，我现在很忙。我正在填一个新工作申请表。根据句意可知，我正在填表。故用现在进行时。故选C项。7．C【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：——什么时间了？——我不知道。一会儿，我给你查查。根据题干信息，说话人不知道几点，但是“将去核实一下”。所以本题应选一般将来时，故选C。【点睛】本题旨在考查句子的时态，要求学生明确地掌握各个时态的定义以及它们在时间上的划分段和用法。“助动词will或shall+动词原形”这一形式，表示将来发生的事情，用于征求对方的意见或表示客气的邀请。虽然在此题中没有明确的时间状语，但从意思上还是可以理解的。8．C【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：除非找到一些额外的钱，否则，剧院就倒闭了。根据主句的将来时态可知，状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时，因为find和money之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。【点睛】本题考查一般现在时表将来和被动语态。Unless引导条件状语从句。表示让步、相似、比例的从句也必须用一般现在时表将来：Youwillfailtoarrivethereintimeunlessyoustartearlier.除非你早点动身，否则你就不能及时赶到那儿。I’llfollowhimwhereverhegoes.他去哪儿，我就跟着去哪儿。Whateveryousay,Iwon’tpay.无论你说什么，我都不会付钱。Whetherwehelphimornot,hewillfail.无论我们帮他与否，他都会失败。Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbecome.你吃得越多就会越胖。考生要注意归纳总结。9．D【详解】本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤：1.确定时态：这里表达过去没有擦窗户的事情对现在的影响就是窗户很脏，现在完成时可以表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，也可以表示过去发生的事情持续到现在。2.确定语态：主语it与谓语clean为被动关系。句意：—窗户很脏。—我知道，这些窗户已经很几个星期没有被擦了。故选D。10．A【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这三年来，他一直在为我们的板报写稿，他已经写了大约四十篇文章。分析句子结构可知，两空均为谓语动词，根据句意以及时间状语thesethreeyears可知，第一空表示“这三年他一直写稿”，应用现在完成进行时，write与句子主语he之间为主动关系，且句子主语为第三人称单数，所以第一空为hasbeenwriting；结合上文可知，“他一直给板报写稿”，所以此处表示该动作从过去开始到现在为止已完成的动作，应使用现在完成时，write与句子主语之间为主动关系，主语为第三人称单数，所以第二空为haswritten。故选A项。11．B12．H13．D14．C15．J16．G17．K18．A19．F20．I【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要在文中记叙了自己在英国高中一年的学校生活。11．考查名词。句意：我对英国的学校时间表非常满意，因为学校大约早上9点开始，下午3点半结束。根据后文“schoolstartsaround9a.m.andendsabout3.30p.m.”可知，此处是在讲述学校时间安排，所以空处应是timetable，和school构成固定搭配：schooltimetable意为“学校时间表”符合语境。故选B项。12．考查名词。句意：这意味着我可以比平时晚起一个小时，因为中国的学校早上8点前就开始上课了。根据后文“asschoolsinChinabeginbefore8a.m”可知，作者在中国是8点开始上课，所以他可以比平时晚起一个小时，usual意为“惯常的事物”符合语境。故选H项。13．考查名词。句意：我们应该在规则的基础上注意自己的行为。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词作mind的宾语，根据句意，应是behaviors意为“行为”符合语境。故选D项。14．考查名词。句意：他还告诉我们，不辜负父母期望的最好方法就是努力学习，取得好成绩。分析句子结构可知，空前是名词所有格，所以空处应填名词，根据前文的“ourparents’”可知，应是expectation意为“期望”表达父母的期望之意符合语境。故选C项。15．考查动词。句意：他还告诉我们，不辜负父母期望的最好方法就是努力学习，取得好成绩。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的work并列，所以空处应填动词，根据前文“workhard”，此处应是取得好成绩，所以achieve意为“取得”符合语境。故选J项。16．考查形容词。句意：他告诉我们，我们越有信心，我们就越容易成功。分析句子结构可知，此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据句意，应是confident意为“自信的”符合语境。故选G项。17．考查动词。句意：她要求我们在决定之前仔细考虑一下。分析句子结构可知，空前的to是不定式标志，所以空处应填动词原形，根据句意，应是reflect意为“认真思考”符合语境。故选K项。18．考查动词。句意：我发现作业不像以前在老学校那么多了。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，所以空处应填名词作主语，根据句意，应是assignment意为“作业”符合语境。故选A项。19．考查形容词。句意：我感到很幸运，因为几乎所有的老师都给了我很多鼓励，尽管有几个老师对我的文章做出了严厉的评论。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，应是harsh意为“严厉的”符合语境。故选F项。20．考查形容词。句意：我永远不会后悔在这所学校学习。分析句子结构可知，空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，根据句意，应是regretful意为“后悔的”符合语境。故选I项。21．A22．B23．C24．B25．D26．C27．A28．D29．B30．B31．C32．A33．C34．A35．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了拥抱带给人们的各种益处。21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，拥抱除了能让你感觉与你关心的人亲近和联系在一起外，还能给你的身心带来许多健康益处。A.connected有联系的；B.restricted受限制的；C.equal平等的；D.senior高级的。根据前文的“helpingyoufeelclose”可知，不仅能够帮助你和你在乎的人感觉更近，同时也能和他们有联系。此处是并列关系。故选A。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，拥抱除了能让你感觉与你关心的人亲近和联系在一起外，还能给你的身心带来许多健康益处。A.effects影响；B.benefits好处；C.damage损坏；D.interests兴趣。根据后文“Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou3gettingsickthiswinter.”可知，一个拥抱可以避免冬天生病，所以是给身心带来许多好处。故选B项。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：信不信由你，一个温暖的拥抱甚至可以帮助你在这个冬天避免生病。A.recall回想起；B.forget忘记；C.avoid避免；D.keep保持。根据前文“itturnsoutthathugscanbringahostofhealth2toyourbodyandmind.”可知，是拥抱能够带来健康益处，故此处强调的是避免生病，是好处之一。故选C。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最近一项涉及400多名健康成年人的研究中，宾夕法尼亚州卡内基梅隆大学的研究人员调查了感知到的社会支持和接受拥抱对参与者在接触病毒后患普通感冒的易感性的影响。A.collecting收集；B.involving涉及；C.guiding指导，管理；D.affecting感染。根据后文“over400healthyadults”可知，研究涉及400名健康成年人。故选B。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最近一项涉及400多名健康成年人的研究中，宾夕法尼亚州卡内基梅隆大学的研究人员调查了感知到的社会支持和接受拥抱对参与者在接触病毒后患普通感冒的易感性的影响。A.devoted献身，致力于；B.attracted吸引；C.lost遗失；D.exposed暴露。根据后文的“tothevirus”可知，是当研究对象被暴露于病毒之后，研究人员研究其感知到的社会支持的影响。故选D。26．考查形容词短语辨析。句意：感受到更多社会支持的人不太可能感冒，研究人员估计，拥抱的减压效果可以解释32%的有益效果。A.morelikely很可能的；B.morepossible更有可能；C.lesslikely不太可能；D.lesspossible可能性较小。分析句子句意可知，此处侧重表示某事有可能发生，应该用likely，根据前文“itturnsoutthathugscanbringahostofhealth2toyourbodyandmind.”可知，拥抱对人健康有好处，所以此处是不太可能感冒。故选C项。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：感受到更多社会支持的人不太可能感冒，研究人员估计，拥抱的减压效果可以解释32%的有益效果。A.estimated估算；B.denied拒绝；C.doubted怀疑；D.imagined想象。根据后文“about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.”可知，是估算出的内容。故选A。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：感受到更多社会支持的人不太可能感冒，研究人员估计，拥抱的减压效果可以解释32%的有益效果。A.served服务；B.required要求；C.restored修复；D.explained解释。根据后文的“theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere9.”可知，拥抱的减压效果可以解释32%的有益效果，即那些感到更大的社会支持和更频繁的拥抱的人，症状也不那么严重。故选D。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那些感冒的人中，那些感受到更多社会支持和得到更频繁拥抱的人症状不那么严重。A.defeats击败，打败；B.symptoms症状；C.tests测试；D.errors错误。根据前文的“beneficialeffect”可知，频繁获得拥抱的人会减轻感冒的症状。故选B。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡梅吉大学心理学教授谢尔登·科恩指出：“拥抱可以保护处于压力下的人免受感冒的风险，而感冒通常与压力有关。”A.equipped装备；B.associated联系；C.presented提出，递呈；D.compared比较。根据前文“whoareunderstress”可知，该风险与压力有关。故选B。31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：拥抱是亲密的标志，有助于产生别人在困难面前伸出援手的感觉。A.assess评估；B.reduce减少；C.generate产生；D.record记录。根据后文的“thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp12difficulty.”可知，拥抱有助于产生在面对困难时他人会施以援手的感觉。故选C。32．考查介词短语辨析。句意：拥抱是亲密的标志，有助于产生别人在困难面前伸出援手的感觉。。A.inthefaceof面对；B.intheformof以…形式；C.inthewayof关于…的方面；D.inthenameof以……的名义。根据后文的“difficulty”可知，是当面对困难的时候，拥抱能够有助于产生在面对困难时他会施以援手的感觉。故选A。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些专家认为，拥抱能减轻压力，对健康有益，这要归功于催产素的释放。催产素通常被称为“结合激素”，因为它能促进人际关系中的依恋，包括母亲和新生儿之间的依恋。A.adapt适应；B.commit犯罪；C.owe归因于；D.return返回。根据后文的“itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetw