大连市沙河口区2023年考研《英语一》临考冲刺试题含解析

大连市沙河口区2023年考研《英语一》临考冲刺试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Isteppedoutsideintoabeautifulsummerday.Thesunmadeeverythinglookbrightandcheerful.Itwouldhavebeenanexcellentdayforapicnic—ifIstillhada1someonetopicnicwith.Nobodywouldhavesuspectedthethunderstormgoingoninsidemyheart.Lightningilluminated(照亮）hiddenemotionsbriefly,followedbyaseriesof2hopes.Smalldropsoftearspoureddown,washingoffwhatremainedofmyromanticdreams..Isatatthebusstopwithabook,readingthe3paragraphforthefifthtimeandtryingtolookunconcernedaboutmyinternal(内心的）weatherpatterns.Sunglasses4mypuffy(肿胀的）eyesandreturnedthereflectionofanearbyflower.Iwillneverlove5Loveisjustanillusion(幻觉)leading6Iwasso7inmythoughts,soIdidn'tnoticethemantakinga8besideme."Excuseme,Miss,butIcouldn't9noticingthatyou'rereadingO.Henry.He'smyfavoriteauthor."Hisdeep10surprisedme.His11smilewarmedupmydampheartand12someofthestormclouds."He'smyfavoriteaswell."Itriedto13hissmile.Wespentthenextfifteenminutestalkingabout14anditsinfluenceintoday'sculture.Thebuscameandwent.We15nottonotice.“16，mynameisMark."Ashis17handshookmine,anelectriccurrentcoursedthroughme."Doyoucareto18meforlunch?"headded,ignoringmyblushing(绯红的）cheeks."Let'sstartalloveragain,shallwe?I'm19aboutwhat1didyesterday.Iwillnevermakeyouangryagain."A20appeared,leadingthewaytoaheartofgold.Ifollowedit.1、A．specialB．cleverC．happyD．rich2、A．lastingB．ruinedC．freshD．high3、A．difficultB．funnyC．sameD．next4、A．hurtB．maskedC．blindedD．cupped5、A．firstB．lessC．aloneD．again6、A．nowhereB．forwardC．outsideD．downstairs7、A．interestedB．puzzledC．absorbedD．surprised8、A．chanceB．pictureC．drinkD．seat9、A．imagineB．appreciateC．helpD．start10、A．loveB．voiceC．thoughtD．understanding11、A．mysteriousB．forcedC．proudD．friendly12、A．blewawayB．broughtbackC．gatheredupD．figuredout13、A．ignoreB．returnC．describeD．stop14、A．literatureB．friendshipC．weatherD．history15、A．happenedB．agreedC．pretendedD．expected.16、A．InreturnB．TobeginwithC．OntheotherhandD．Bytheway17、A．bareB．warmC．strangeD．skinny18、A．takeB．thankC．joinD．pay19、A．worriedB．curious、C．excitedD．sorry20、A．rainbowB．rainstorm‘C．thunderstormD．sandstormSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Anameismorethanjustaword.Itcarriestheweightofaperson’swholeidentity.Anamecanrepresentaperson’sethnicity(种族身份)andculture,orshowrespectfortheirancestralroots.Aself-givennamemayrepresentaperson’sbeliefsorchosenidentity.Everyonehastherighttohavetheirnamepronouncedcorrectly.Itisasignofrespectforaperson’sindividuality.“Aperson’snameistohimorherthesweetestandmostimportantsoundinanylanguage,”DaleCarnegiewritesinhisbookHowtoWinFriendsandInfluencePeople.Behindeachnameisastory,andwhenanameisanglicized(英语化),mispronounced,orignored,thatstoryisdismissed.Anamemispronouncedforalongtimecannegativelyimpactaperson’sattitudetowardtheirownidentity.Itcancreatefeelingsofshameorembarrassmentbecausetheyaremadetofeellikeaburden.Inthelongterm,thismightcausesomeonetodistancethemselvesfromtheirroots.Theymaybeginshyingawayfromtheirnativelanguage,culture,andfamilyforthesakeoffittingin.Inordertoavoidthis,manyinternationalstudentslivingintheU.S.chooseEnglishnames.Peopleshouldn’thavetoignoretheiridentitiesforthesakeofsomeoneelse’sconvenience.Everyonemakesmistakes,andnoteveryonecangetanamerightonthefirsttry.Mispronouncinganamerepeatedly,however,showsalackofeffort.Itisnotokaytobecomfortablewithmispronouncingnames,andbeingunfamiliarwithalanguageisnoexcuse.Ifyou’reunsurewhetheryou’repronouncinganamecorrectly,justask.Thinkofitasawaytoexpandandstrengthenunderstanding,bothpersonallyandculturally.Whenmeetingsomeoneforthefirsttime,makesurethatyouheardthenamecorrectly.Itdoesn’ttakealottosimplyrepeatthenameback.Spellitout.Writeitdown.Dowhateveryouhavetodotogetthenameright.Makingtheefforttocorrectlypronouncesomeone’snameisanessentialpartofculturalcompetency(文化素养).Withoutthis,wecannotexpecttoshowrespectandtoleranceforourdiversecommunity.1、Whatmayaperson’snametellus?A．Hisculturalbackground. B．Hisphysicalappearance.C．Hisfavoritesound. D．Hisattitudetolife.2、What’sthelong-terminfluenceofmispronouncingonesname?A．Thefeelingofshamemaybecaused.B．Thepersonmayfeelover-burdened.C．Thecharacterofthepersonmaychange.D．Thepersonmaytrytohidehisroots.3、Whatdoesthewriterthinkofmispronouncinganamerepeatedly?A．Itisunavoidable. B．Itisunacceptable.C．Itstrengthensfriendship. D．Itshowsdiscrimination.4、What’sthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Howtoshowourrespectforothers. B．Howtoavoidmispronouncingnames.C．Howtoimproveourpronunciation. D．Howtoliveharmoniouslyinacommunity.Text2AstronautsontheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)maysoonbeabletoturntheirusedforksandknivesintotoolsandsatelliteparts.TethersUnlimitedInc.,anaerospacetechnologycompany,hasdevelopedasystemthatcombinesawasterecyclingmachinewitha3Dprinter.Astronautswillputwasteitemsmadeofplasticintotherecyclingmachine,calledthePoistrusionRecycler.Whentheypressabutton,theRecyclerwillmeltdowntheplasticandturnitinto3Dfilament(长丝).Thefilamentwilleusedina3DprinterontheISS-calledtheRefabricator-tomaketools,sparepartsandsatellitecomponents.Thewastewillcomefrompackagingmaterials,foodcontainers,traysandeatingutensils(器具)usedontheISS.Astronautcurrentlyusedisposablewetwipestocleantheirfoodcontainersandutensils.Theusedwipesarestoredastrash(垃圾),andreplacementwipesmustbesentuptotheISSoncargomissions.Byrecyclingoldfoodcontainersandutensils,astronautswillreducetheamountoftrashtheyproduce.TogetridoftrashfromtheISS,astronautloaditintoemptycargocapsules(航天舱)andreleaseitintospace.ThecapsulesburnupwhentheyenterEarth’satmosphere.TurningtrashintousefulnewitemswillalsohelpNASAsavemoneybecauseastronautswillneedfewersupplies.Itcostsabout$6,000foreverykilogramlaunchedintoorbit.Thesebenefitswillbeevenmoreimportantforlongermissionsinthefuture-suchasthetwo-yearjourneytoMars.Astronautswillbeabletorecycleoldwastematerialsintonewtoolsandpartsastheyneedthem.Tethershavesuccessfullytestedthesystemsinitslaboratory.TheywilltestitontheISSinlate2018.ThecompanyisalsodevelopingaversionofthesystemforusehereonEarth.1、Whatmaterialaretheforksandknivesforastronautsmadeof?A．Gold.B．IronC．Plastic.D．Wood.2、Atpresent,theastronautsmainlygetsuppliesby.A．3DprintersB．reusingtheoldonesC．collectingfromthespaceD．thecapsuleslaunchedfromtheearth3、Whatcanthenewtechnologyhelptheastronautsdo?A．Reusethetrash.B．SendthetrashtoMars.C．Takethetrashtotheearth.D．Loadthetrashintoemptycapsulesandthrowitaway.4、Whatisthebiggestbenefitofthenewtechnologymentionedinthetext?A．ItcansavesomespacefortheISS.B．Itcangavemoretimefortheastronauts.C．Itcanprovidemoreconditionstoexplorespace.D．ItcanhelptoreducethejourneyfromEarthtoMars.Text3Octopuses(章鱼)areseaanimalsfamousfortheirroundedbodies,bulgingeyes,andeightlongarms.Theyliveinalltheworld’soceansbutthereareespeciallymoreoctopusesinwarm,tropical(热带的)waters.Octopuses,liketheircousin,thesquid(乌贼),areoftenconsidered“monstersofthedeep”,thoughsomespecies,ortypes,occupyrelativelyshallowwaters.Mostoctopusesstayalongtheocean’sfloor,althoughsomespeciesarepelagic,whichmeanstheylivenearthewater’ssurface.Otheroctopusspeciesliveindeep,darkwaters,risingfrombelowatdawnanddusktosearchforfood.Crabsandshrimpsrankamongtheirfavoritefoods,thoughsomecanattacklargerprey(猎物),likesharks.Octopusestypicallydropdownontheirpreyfromaboveand,usingpowerfulsuctionsthatlinetheirarms,pulltheanimalsintotheirmouths.Theoctopusperformsitsfamousbackwardswimbyblowingupwaterthroughamusculartubeonthebodycalledasiphon.Octopusesalsocrawl(爬)alongtheocean’sfloor,puttingtheirarmsintosmallopeningstosearchforfoodSeals,whales,andlargefishpreyonoctopuses.Ifthreatened,octopusesshootaninkyliquidthatdarkensthewater,confusingtheotheranimals.Theoctopuscanalsochangetogray,brown,pink,blue,orgreentomixwithitssurroundings.Octopusesmayalsochangecolorasawaytocommunicatewithotheroctopuses.Octopusesaresolitarycreaturesthatlivealoneindens(巢穴)builtfromrocks,whichtheoctopusmovesintoplaceusingitspowerfularms.Octopusessometimesevenfashionarock“door”fortheirdensthatpullclosedwhentheoctopusissafelyinside.1、InwhichplacecanwefindmoreOctopuses?A．TheoceannearHainan.B．TherivernearCanada.C．TheArcticOcean.D．TheSouthPole.2、WhatisawayforOctopusestocommunicatewitheachother?A．Usingspecialsignals.B．Makingspecialsounds.C．Livingtogetherinagroup.D．Changingtheirowncolors.3、WhatdoweknowaboutOctopuses?A．Theyjuststayindeepocean.B．Theyeatfoodbyusingtheirteeth.C．Theydon’tlikehuntinglargeanimals.D．Theyshootaninkyliquidtoavoiddangers.Text4Ninemonthsago，Iwaspackingmydaughter’sbackpackwithnewschoolsupplies，wonderinghowIwasgoingtosendherofftokindergarten．Istoodontheplayground，tearspouringdownmyfacebecauseIwasn’treadyforthisfirstdayofkindergarten——butshewasready．TodayIwillbestandingontheplayground，onceagainwithtears，becausethisprecioustimewentbytooquickly．ThisweekIrealizedthatInevertoldyou"thankyou"．Idon’tknowhowtoexpressamother’sthanksinthewayateacherdeserves．WefirstmetyouattheopenhousetheweekbeforeschoolstartedandIimmediatelyknewyouwouldbethetypeofteacherwewouldappreciateforever．Whilethestudentslinedupfortheday，youtouchedeachoneontheshoulderasyougreetedthem．IfastudentwashavingatoughIgottoknowyouasIvolunteeredinthelunchroom．YoumadesureyourstudentswereallreadyforIunchbeforeyouwentonyourownlunchbreak．Youkepttrackoftheirbigthingsandsmallthings，becauseasaveterankindergartenteacher，youknowthatthesmallthingsarethebigthings．Ilovedthewayyoumadeeachstudentfeelspecial．Youhelpedthemfallinlovewithschoolwhichissoimportantatthestart．Toalloftheteachersintheworldwhoarelikeyou．Iwishyouknewhowgratefulparentsareforyou．Weadoreyou．respectyou，andappreciateyou．Wedon’ttellyouenough——weprobablydon’itellyouever．Iwishwecouldtakeyouwithustothenext12grades．1、Whydidtheauthor’stearscomedownonherdaughter’sfirstdayofkingdergartern？A．Shehadn’tmadefullpreparationsforherdaughter．B．Herdaughterwasn’twillingtogotokindergarten．C．Shefeltworriedaboutherdaughter’sbeingaway．D．Herdaughterwasn’tfamiliarwiththeteachers．2、Theauthornoticedtheteacher’scharacteristicswhen．A．shestoodontheplaygroundB．shewasattheopenhouseC．shesaidgoodbyetotheteacherD．sheWorkedasateacheratlunchtime3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"veteran"inparagraph2mean？A．Beautiful．B．Generous．C．Skillful．D．Humorous．4、Whatisthistextmainlyabout？A．Goodwishestoakindergartenteacher．B．Sincerethankstoakindergartenteacher．C．Asweetmemoryofkindergartenlife．D．Akid’sdailybehaviorinthekindergarten．PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Beijingwasonceacityofbikes,knownastheBicycleKingdom,1．carswerereservedforofficialbusinessandthepoliticallypowerfulHowever,decadesofeconomic2．(grow)ledtoahugeflowingofcarsinthecityOwningonebecamenotjustamarkerofreachingthemiddleclassbutalsoarequirementformarriageAstheeconomydeveloped,autospushedbikesofftheroads,3．(create)heavypollutionandmiserabletraffic4．(fortunate),nowBeijingmaybereturningtoitsrootsThankstoabout20technologycompanies,brightlycoloredsharedbikes5．(flood)intoBeijinginthelasttwoyearsManylocalresidentswelcomethesharedbikes6．theflexibilityandfreedomtheyofferTheypickupthebikesandthenrideanddrop7．offanywheretheylike,lockingthebackwheel,withnoneedtofindafixedplaceAnalysesinChinasayitisthreefactorsthatcontributetobikes8．(increase)rapidly:alotofcashlookingforahome,agoodideaandgovernmentsupport“Asthecity’spopulationgrew,trafficjamsgot9．(bad)”Cai,theOfospokeswoman,said,“Sharedbikescouldsolvethe‘lastmile’problemin10．environmentallyfriendlyway”TheSpringFestival,ChineseNewYear,isoneof1．mostimportantfestivalsforallofus2．wecelebrateistheendofwinter,arrivalofspring,andreunionwithfamilyandrelativesUsuallytheSpringFestival3．(celebrate)forfifteendays,duringwhichpeopledonotworkexceptfortheworkersondutyOnNewYear’sEveallfamilymembersgettogether4．(have)abigmealAfterthemealtheywatchTVuntiltheclockstrikestwelveTheneveryfamilysetsofffireworks5．(excite)towelcomethenewyearOnthefirstdayofthenewyear,almosteveryoneisdressedinhisorherbestclothesFriendsandrelativesarebusy6．(visit)eachotherwithpresentsAtthattime,childrenarethehappiestbecause7．cangetmanyredpacketsfromtheirrelativesWiththe8．(improve)oflivingstandard,people9．(change)thewaysofcelebratingtheSpringFestivalgreatlysofarNomatterhowitchanges,themeaningoftheSpringFestivalisstill10．greatsignificanceinChinaSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Ifyouthinkaboutschool,isthereoneteacherwhostandsoutaboveallothers?Onepersonwhoisyourfavoriteandwhoreallyinspiresyou?Why?1、I’vedecidedthatIwanttobecomeateacherbecauseteachingissorewardinganditprovidessomanyopportunities.Igettoinspirefuturegenerations–whatcouldbebetter?I’mcurrentlyhelpingoutintwoschools–aprimaryandasecondaryschool–andI’mactuallyreallyenjoyingit.SomesaysarechallengingandIaskmyselfwhyIamdoingit,butthenoneofmystudentswillansweraquestionorbeinterestedinmylessonandsuddenlyeverythingbecomesworthwhile.2、IplanmyownlessonsandmakethemasfunasseriousasIlike.3、Thatiswhymylessonsareneverboring.Sometimesmyclassesdon’tgoaccordingtotheplan,soIswitchthewayIteachanddosomethingthatIknowmystudentswillenjoy.4、Iteachbiology,geography,history,technology,socialsciencesandmusic…allisEnglish!IgettostudyEnglishliterature,whichismypassion,andpassonmyknowledgeandenthusiasmtomystudents,andIgettoteachahugevarietyofclassesandagegroups.5、Asaresult,Ihavetotryandcaterforeverybodybyincludingavarietyoftasksandexercisesaswellasinterestingmultimedia,likevideosandgames.ThebestclassesarewhenIgivethestudentsatopictodiscuss–usuallyonewhichtheyfeelverypassionateabout–andletthemhavetheirsay.A．Teachingissoexciting.B．Icreatelessonplanstosuiteachoftheages.C．IrealizeIamgreattohelpsomeonetolearn.D．I’vefoundthateachstudentlearnsdifferently.E.I’vebeenthinkingthesequestionsoverrecently.F.I’mexcitedtogetstartedonmyteachertraining.G.IalsolovethefactthatIteachEnglishineverything.Whereyouchoosetostaycanmakeorbreakyourvacationexperience.Buteventhemostexperiencedtravelersmaynotknowthedifferencebetweenthetwomaintypesofhomes-away-from-home—hotelsandmotels.1、Theanswerisn’tassimpleasyou’dthink.Thesetwot