2024版高考英语一轮总复习教材复习Unit4NaturalDisasters课件新人教版必修第一册

教材复习必修第一册UNIT4

NATURALDISASTERS必备知识·自主检测01Ⅰ．词块记单词1．the______workers救援人员2．______thebuildings损坏建筑物3．2，400homes_________2400所房屋被毁4．no______,noinjuries没有人员伤亡5．________setupbythegovernment政府搭建的避难所6．uselesspiecesof_____无用的金属块rescuedamagedestroyeddeathssheltersmetal7．____thedead掩埋死者8．thetireless_______ofthecity'speople全市人民的不懈努力9．the______tostaypositive保持乐观的智慧10．providethe________提供物资11．stay____保持冷静12．_____intocoastlines袭击海岸线13．huge_____巨大的海浪14．______amatch划火柴15．_______foodandsupplies运送食物和物资buryeffortswisdomsuppliescalmcrashwavesstrikedeliverⅡ．语境记单词1．Hewas_______atthe________news,forIcouldseehis_______lookonhisface．(shock)2．Youmustlearn__________regularly．Otherwise,youwillfeeloutof______aftersuchalongrun．(breath)3．Masteringsomebasicskillswillgreatlyincreaseyourchancesof________．Lastweek,thankstotheswimmingskills,heandhisfriendsucceededin_________theterriblefloodandtheyweretheonlytwo_________．(survive)shockedshockingshockedtobreathebreathsurvivalsurvivingsurvivors4．Afterhecameto_____,everyonesaidhewasa________leader,butnowhefeelsso_________thatheevencan'tsavehisdaughter．(power)5．Theroadhasatotal______oftwomilesonly,sotheworkersdecideto________it．(long)powerpowerfulpowerlesslengthlengthenⅢ．语境记短语1．Herlifehasnot______________(结束),andshealsodoesn'tknowwhatiswaitingforherahead．2．AlthoughitwasSundayyesterday,Lilygotupearly________(和往常一样)．3．Alwayshaveyourdictionary_______(在手头)whenyoustudybecauseitisveryconvenientforyoutorefertoit．cometoanendasusualonhand4．Wehaven'tcleanedthehouseforafewdays,becausewedon'twantto__________(彻底消除)goodluck．5．ItwasreportedthatanAmericancouplehad_______(挖出)alotofgoldcoinsfromtheirownyard．6．Thecitylay________(成为废墟)aftertheearthquake．Now,rowsofhousesarebeingbuilt．7．Suddenly,alittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmyhorse．Seeingthis,Iwas________(震惊)．sweepawaydugoutinruinsinshockⅣ．公式练句型1．这个小男孩太小了而不能举起这块沉重的石头。(too...to...)Thelittleboyis__________________theheavystone．2．他好像已经知道了刚才所发生的一切。(asif)_____________hehadknownaboutwhathappenedjustnow．3．她正沿着河岸走，这时她听到一阵呼救声。(bedoing...when...)She______________________________________sheheardacryforhelp．tooyoungtoraiseItseemedasifwaswalkingalongthebankoftheriverwhen4．众所周知，山里的空气呼吸起来很舒服。(be＋adj．＋todo)Asweallknow,_____________________________inthemountainousareas．5．它们不仅使人们在晚上很难睡觉，而且还损害着我们具有历史价值的房子和商店。(make＋it＋adj．＋todo)Theynotonly______________________________atnight,buttheyaredoingdamagetoourhousesandshopsofhistoricalinterest．theairiscomfortabletobreathemakeitdifficultforpeopletosleep关键能力·重难探究02重点练透微点练全高考对接1．affectvt．影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动[素养佳句]Withthedevelopmentofthesociety,Internetvotinghasbecomemoreandmorepopular,graduallyaffectingpeople'slifeinallrespects．随着社会的发展，网络投票已经变得越来越流行，逐渐在各方面影响人们的生活。(1)beaffectedby被……侵袭；被……感动beaffectedwithhighfever发高烧(2)effectn．作用；影响；效果；结果haveaneffect/influenceon对……产生影响(3)affectionn．[U]喜爱；钟爱；慈爱

haveanaffectionfor喜欢；喜爱基础练透——单句语法填空①(2020·江苏卷)Bestofall,humorraisesyourenergy,andthatcanhaveaneffect__everythingyoudoatschool,atwork,orinyourpersonallife．②________(affect)withaseriousdisease,hewasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandheknewtherewasnohopeofrecovery．③Ifeelmuch_________(affect)formymum,whosewordsandactionshaveapositiveeffectonme．④(2022·浙江卷1月)Ifeltsohelplessandinsecurebecausethequalityofmylife____________(affect)．onAffectedaffectionwasaffected能力迁移——句式升级Manyyoungpeopleweredeeplyaffectedbyhisstoryandbegantodovolunteerworkforthedisabled．⑤__________________hisstory,manyyoungpeoplebegantodovolunteerworkforthedisabled．(过去分词短语作状语)Deeplyaffectedby2．ruinn．&vt．破坏；毁坏[素养佳句]Somebadfactorsareruiningthefutureoffilmindustry,sogreateffortsshouldbemadetoattractmoreaudience．一些不好的因素正在破坏着电影产业的未来，因此电影产业应该做出巨大努力来吸引更多观众。(1)(lie/be)inruins严重受损；破败不堪bereducedtoruins沦为废墟(2)ruinoneself毁掉自己；自取灭亡ruinone'shealth/fame/future毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途基础练透——单句语法填空①Withtimegoingon,thecastlewhichoncewasverybeautifulisnowcompletely__ruins．②Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandbeingreduced__ruins,thecitytookonanewlook．into能力迁移——句式升级Hemadeamistake,whichruinedhischanceofgoingabroad．③Hemadeamistake,____________________________．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)ruininghischanceofgoingabroad名师点津ruin,damage,destroy的用法区别：(1)ruin多用于借喻中，指毁坏价值、用途等。它还可作名词，常用于下面的短语中：inruins“严重受损，破败不堪”；(2)damage表示不一定全部毁坏，且损坏部分能修复。damage作名词时，常用于do/causedamageto“对……造成损害”；(3)destroy指彻底毁坏以致很难修复，其名词是destruction。3．buryvt．埋葬；安葬[素养佳句]Thoughburiedinbooksthesedays,Ihavestilljoinedseveralstudentclubsinordertoimprovemyself．虽然这些天我埋头读书，但我还是加入了几个学生俱乐部以提高自己。(1)beburiedin/buryoneselfin埋头于；专心于beburiedinthought沉思(2)buryone'sfaceinone'shands双手掩面基础练透——单句语法填空①______(bury)inhisstudy,hewasn'tawarethatalltheothershadleft．②_______(bury)hisfaceinhishands,hetriedtocontrolhisweeping．③Sheburiedherface__herhandsandweptwhensheheardthebadnews．BuriedBuryingin能力迁移——句式升级Hesatatawoodentableandwasburiedinreading．④Hesatatawoodentable,_________________．(过去分词短语作状语)⑤Hesatatawoodentable,__________________________．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)buriedinreadingburyinghimselfinreading4．suffervt．遭受；蒙受

vi．(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦[素养佳句]ThoughhavingsufferedalotinZhaziCave,JiangZhujunwouldratherdiethangivein．虽然江竹筠(江姐)在渣滓洞集中营遭受了非人的折磨，但仍然宁死不屈。(1)sufferpain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏sufferfrom遭受；患病(2)sufferingn．痛苦；苦难；折磨；让人痛苦的事sufferern．患难者；患病者基础练透——单句语法填空①(2020·江苏卷)Later,heworkedinAfrica,wheremanypeoplesuffered____blindnessforlackofpropertreatment．②Itishardtoimaginethepainand__________(suffer)thesepoorpeoplewentthroughduringthewintermonths．fromsufferings能力迁移——句式升级Johnhassufferedfromlungcancerformanyyears．Hehasdecidedtogiveupsmoking．③__________________________________________,Johnhasdecidedtogiveupsmoking．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)Havingsufferedfromlungcancerformanyyears名师点津(1)suffer用作及物动词，表示“遭受；蒙受”，其后常接pain,loss,defeat,poverty,hunger,punishment,hardship,damage等名词作宾语。(2)suffer用作不及物动词，其后常接from，表示“受……之苦；患某种疾病”。5．supplyn．供应(量)；补给；[pl．]补给品

vt．供应；供给[素养佳句]Moreover,thecompetitionwillsupplyyouwithachancetodevelopyourcreativityandbuildfriendshipwithotherstudentswhosharethesameinterestwithyou．此外，这次竞争将会给你提供一个机会，帮助你发展创造力，与志同道合的其他学生建立友谊。(1)supplysth．tosb．＝supplysb．withsth．向某人提供某物(2)beinshortsupply短缺alargesupplyof/largesuppliesof大量……的供应基础练透——单句语法填空①Thenaturalresources,suchascoalandoil,are__shortsupplyinthiscountry．②Whathappenswhenfoodandgasoline________(supply)runlow?insupplies能力迁移——一句多译我们学校网站每天为我们提供大量的信息。③Ourschoolwebsite______________________________everyday．(supply...to...)④Ourschoolwebsite______________________________everyday．(supply...with...)suppliesmuchinformationtoussuppliesuswithmuchinformation【联想发散】

表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有：①providesb．withsth．＝providesth．forsb．②offersb．sth．＝offersth．tosb．6．survivevi．

生存；存活

vt．幸存；艰难度过[素养佳句]Tohelpthemsurvive,weneedtopreservetheirhabitats．为了帮助它们生存，我们需要保护它们的栖息地。(1)survivesth．幸免于；从……中挺/活过来survivefrom从……存活下来；流传下来(2)survivorn．幸存者survivaln．[U]幸存；[C]残存物基础练透——单句语法填空①Aftertheplanecrash,whatthe_________(survive)coulddowastowaitforrescueonthisdesertisland．②Ifhecouldn'tfindhiswayoutoftheforest,therewouldbelittlechanceof________(survive)．survivorssurvival能力迁移——句式升级Afterwesurvivedthatnight,wewereconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright．③________________________,wewereconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)Havingsurvivedthatnight名师点津survive表示“幸免于难”时，是及物动词，其后不需要加介词in或from。7．powern．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力[素养佳句](2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Withthepowertoconquerhimself,hecanconqueranythingonthewaytoapromisingfuture．有了征服自己的力量，他就能征服通往美好未来的道路上的任何事情。(1)beinpower掌权，执政(表示状态)cometo/intopower上台，执政(表示动作)in/withinone'spower在某人的能力/权力范围之内outof/beyondone'spower超出某人的能力doall/everythinginone'spower尽力而为；竭尽全力havethepowertodosth．有能力做某事(2)powerfuladj．强有力的，强大的基础练透——单句语法填空①Unfortunately，it's______mypowertogetthroughtheworkinsuchashorttime．②Afterthenewpresidentcame_______power,hetookaseriesofmeasurestoimprovepeople'slife．③(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily—andthat'spretty________(power)．④Thoughhehasbeen__powerfortwoyears,hehasn'tfoundaneffectivesolutiontothecountry'seconomicproblems．beyondto/intopowerfulin能力迁移——词汇升级(2019·全国Ⅰ卷写作)I'lltrymybesttoperformwellinthevolunteerjob．⑤I'll__________________________toperformwellinthevolunteerjob．doall/everythinginmypower【联想发散】

表示“竭尽全力做某事”的常用表达还有：①makeeveryefforttodosth．②sparenoefforttodosth．8．strikevi．&vt．(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；敲；(使)突然想起

n．罢工；罢课；袭击[素养佳句]Alltheinternationalstudentsweredeeplystruckbymyintroduction．所有的国际学生都被我的介绍深深地迷住了。(1)bestruckby...被……打动/迷住了Itstrikes/occursto/hitssb．that/...某人想到……strike...intoone'sheart使……刻骨铭心

strikesb．in/on＋the＋身体部位

打某人某部位(2)be/goonstrike在/进行罢工基础练透——写出下列句中strike的词性及含义①Shewaspractisingsurfingwhenasharkstruck．

_______②Thevisitorswerestruckbythebeautyofthecountry．

_____________________③IheardtheclockstrikingeightwhenIwokeupthismorning．

_________④ItstruckmethatIwouldhaveanimportantmeetinginShanghaithenextday．

_______________⑤Theworkerswillgoonstrikeifthedemandstheyputforwardareturneddown． _______v．袭击v．打动；给……以印象v．(钟)敲v．(使)突然想起n．罢工能力迁移——一句多译我忽然想到我告诉他们的电话号码是错的。⑥________________thephonenumberIhadtoldthemwaswrong．(strike)⑦__________________thephonenumberIhadtoldthemwaswrong．(occur)⑧______________thephonenumberIhadtoldthemwaswrong．(hit)ItstruckmethatItoccurredtomethatIthitmethat9．putup提供；提出；建造；举起；提高；张贴；留宿[素养佳句]AweekbeforeEarthDay,posterswereputuparoundourschool,callinguponustojoinintheactionsforagreenerEarth．地球日的前一周，我们的学校周围张贴了海报，呼吁我们加入绿化地球的行动中。putupwith容忍；忍受putforward提出(意见、建议)puton穿上；上演putoff推迟；延期putaway放好(某物)；储存putdown放下；写下；镇压putaside...储存……备用；留下……供专用基础练透——写出下列句中putup的含义①Firstheopenedashopandthenputupasignoutsidetheshoptoattractcustomers．

____②Thosewhoknowtheanswertothequestion,pleaseputupyourhands．

____③Theyagreedtoputtwoforeignstudentsupoverthesummer．

____张贴举起留宿④Thegovernmenthaspromisedthattaxeswillnotbeputupagainthisyear．

____⑤(2023·浙江卷1月)Solardeveloperswanttoputuppanelsasquicklyandcheaplyaspossible,sotheyhaven'tgivenmuchthoughttowhattheyputunderthem．

____提高建造能力迁移——完成句子⑥Ican___________thehouse'sbeinguntidy,butIhateitifit'snotclean．我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里脏。⑦Thestudentshave________________________thatneedtobesolvedatonce．学生们提出了许多需要马上解决的问题。⑧Everyyearchildren_______________________________tobuyNewYear'spresents．每年孩子们都会拿出一些零花钱来买新年礼物。

putupwithputforwardalotofquestionsputasidesomeoftheirpocketmoney10．主语＋be＋adj．＋不定式[素养佳句]Thismachineisveryeasytooperate．Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes．这台机器很容易操作。任何人几分钟就可以学会使用。

“主语＋be＋adj．＋todo...”句式有以下特点：(1)不定式说明主语在哪些方面存在形容词所表示的特点或性质。(2)不定式所表示的动作虽与句子的主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，但通常以主动形式表示被动含义。(3)如果不定式为不及物动词，则后面要有相应的介词。(4)该句式中常用的形容词有easy,hard,difficult,comfortable,(im)possible,pleasant,interesting,exciting,important等。基础练透——单句语法填空①Theproblemlooksrathereasy,butinfactitisveryhardtodeal____．②Thestoryisveryinterestingforthestudents_______(read)．withtoread能力迁移——完成句子③Amongthefourseasonsinayear,summerismyfavourite．Themorningair__________________．在一年的四个季节中，夏天是我最喜欢的季节。早晨的空气呼吸起来棒极了。④Althoughtheladylookselegant,actuallyshe____________________.尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。isgoodtobreatheishardtogetalongwith11．bedoingsth．when...正在做某事，这时突然……[素养佳句]Jackwasworkinginthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred．杰克正在实验室里工作，这时突然停电了。(1)beabouttodosth．when...＝beonthepointofdoingsth．when...正要做某事，这时突然……(2)had(just)donesth．when...刚做了某事，这时突然……基础练透——单句语法填空①Hewasabouttogotoschool____astrongwindbegantoblow．②Thechildren____________(play)footballontheplaygroundwhenitbegantorain．③She____________(finish)herhomeworkwhenhermotheraskedhertopractiseplayingthepianoyesterday．whenwereplayinghadfinished能力迁移——同义句转换Theywereonthepointofgivingupwhenthecaptainencouragedthemfiercelytosavetheship．④They______________________thecaptainencouragedthemfiercelytosavetheship．wereabouttogiveupwhen1．Inordertoensureourkidsgetthesleeptheyneed,bothparentsandschoolsshouldmakean______．2．Themeeting______________andhesetdownmanykeypoints．选词填空rescue;damage;inshock;onhand;sweepaway;cometoanend;asif;trap;intheopenair;efforteffortcametoanend3．Alltheirattemptsto______thechildfromtheburningbuildingwereinvain．4．Somepeopleworriedthattherapiddevelopmentoftourismmightcause______tothelocalenvironment．5．Whethertheirweddingceremonywillbeheld_______________tomorrowdependsontheweather．6．Thekidsareveryfriendlywithherandevenlookuptoher_____sheweretheirownmother．rescuedamageintheopenairasif7．Thereareexperts_______togiveyouallthehelpandadviceyouneed．8．I'mstill________afterhearingthatbadnews．9．InChina,peoplebelievefirecan__________badluck,so,redmeansgoodluck．10．Firefightershadtobreakthedoordowntoreachthepeople_______inside．onhandinshocksweepawaytrappedⅠ．语境猜词义1．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Itwouldworklikethis:AnofficerarrivingatthesceneofacrashcouldaskforthephonesofthedriversandusetheTextalyzertocheckintheoperatingsystemforrecentactivity．_______2．(2021·全国乙卷)Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranksthembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites．

_______n．撞车v．提供3．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseekshelterduringthedaytime．

_________4．(2020·天津卷7月)Thedeep,gentlevoicehelpedcalmthenervousgirl．

__________5．(2017·北京卷)Twomorerantogettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevice(器械)thatcanshocktheheartbackintowork．

____________n．庇护处vt．使镇静vt．使受电击Ⅱ．一词多义1．(2021·全国乙卷)Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatface-to-faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetaco-workingspaceoracoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions．

__A．vt．影响B．vt．(疾病)侵袭C．vt．深深打动

A2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thesonofagrocer,he'dspentthesummersofhischildhooddeliveringfoodinBernardsville,NewJersey． __A．v．发表B．v．传达C．v．递送CⅢ．完成句子

1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Upondashingtowardsthefinishingline,awaveofthunderousapplause__________．在冲向终点线时，雷鸣般的掌声如潮水般涌了进来。2．(2021·浙江卷6月写作)Itseemed____________________________________．好像发生了什么不愉快的事情。floodedinasifsomethingunpleasanthappened3．(2020·天津卷7月写作)Itistruethatwe______________________fromtimetotime．However,itisimportantthatweneverlosetheenthusiasmtokeepontrying．确实我们有时可能遭受失败。然而，重要的是我们永远不要失去继续努力的热情。maysufferfromfailure课堂效果·巩固训练03Ⅰ．单词拼写1．Inspiteofgreat_______(努力),wefailedtocarryoutourplansthrough．2．Toomuchdrinkingwilldo______(损害)toyourhealth;youshouldtakethedoctor'sadvice．3．Ifyouarelostinthemountains,stay____(镇静的)inthefaceofdarkness,lonelinessandtheunknown．4．Inordertocatchthebear,somevillagersseta____(陷阱)andcovereditwithsomeleaves．effortsdamagecalmtrap5．Asmallplane_______(碰撞)intoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,killingallfourpeopleonboard．

6．Theearthquakewassobigthatmostofthehousesinthesmallvillagewerecompletely_________(摧毁)．7．Afterlearningthattheboyshadbeenlostforalmost20hours,thepolicesentouta______(救援)teamtolookforthem．