2024版高考英语一轮总复习教材复习Unit3SeaExploration教师用书新人教版选择性必修第四册

Unit3SeaExplorationⅠ．词块记单词1．activechannels活跃通道2．strengthenthebonds加强联系3．devoteone'slifeandprofessionto把一生和职业奉献给……4．withdrawfromseveraltournaments退出一些锦标赛5．applaudfortheoceanresearchwork为海洋研究工作喝彩6．taxplasticbottles对塑料瓶征税7．addthewhalestothedirectory将鲸鱼添加到名录8．knockdownone'sopponent击倒某人的对手9．lognewspecies记录新物种10．leadtothearrestof...导致……的逮捕Ⅱ．语境记单词1．Theyhavebeennegotiatingaboutsomeitemsofthecontractforabouttwohours,butthenegotiationhasn'tgonesmoothly．(negotiate)2．Hemixedthetwoingredientstogetherinthebowlandthemixturetasteddelicious．(mix)3．Thereportercoveredthecaseoftheofficial'scorruptionandtheresultofthecoveragewasshocking．(cover)4．Mostbirdshavetoflylongdistancestomigrateanditoftentakesthemalongtimetofinishthemigration．(migrate)5．NomineralshaveyetbeenexploitedinAntarcticabecausetheexploitationistoodifficultforhumanstocarryout．(exploit)6．Thefamouspoliticianwasmurderedtheotherdayandthemurdererhasn'tbeenfoundsofar．(murder)7．Heissuchamercifulmanandalwayshasmercyonthosehomelessanimalsbutsometimeshecanbemercilessonthosehedoesn'tlike．(mercy)8．Themanuscriptispossessedbyhimanditisjustoneofhispossessions．(possess)Ⅲ．语境记短语1．Whenhewriteshisnovel,healwayskeepsadictionaryinhand(在手头)．2．Theexplorersetsail(起航)fortheAntarcticinsearchofsomeunknownwildlife．3．Headvertisedthemofhisdecisiontowithdrawfrom(退出)theelection．4．Thesedonationsareforthebenefitof(为了……的利益)thedisabledchildren．5．Afterlookinginto(调查)thematter,thepolicemandrewaconclusionthatthedriverwastoblamefortheaccident．6．Thecountry,therichestoneallovertheworld,isinaleagueofitsown(独领风骚)．7．Firstofall(首先),wehaveawiderangeoflanguagecourses．Ⅳ．公式练句型1．很有必要制定法律保护濒危动物。(Therebeaneedtodo...)Thereisanurgentneedtomakelawstoprotectendangeredanimals．2．在导游的带领下，我们轻松地穿过了森林。(独立主格结构)Theguideleadingtheway,weeasilygotthroughtheforest．3．搬走所有这些书要花费我们半个小时的时间。(不定式短语作主语)Toremoveallthebookswilltakeushalfanhour．4．一座现代化的城市已经在十年前还是一片荒芜的地方拔地而起。(what引导的宾语从句)Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwhatwasawastelandtenyearsago．5．随着时间的推移，我逐渐适应了学校生活。(as引导的时间状语从句)Astimewentby,Igraduallyadaptedmyselftotheschoollife．1．negotiatevt．商定；达成(协议)vi．谈判；磋商；协商[素养佳句]OurEnglishteacherisnegotiatingwiththeheadmasterfortheuseofthelibrary．我们英语老师正在同校长商谈使用图书馆的事。(1)negotiatewithsb．for/aboutsth．＝negotiatesth．withsb．与某人商议/谈判某事(2)negotiationn．谈判；磋商；协商undernegotiation在商讨中innegotiationwith和……协商中——单句语法填空①Theairlinehasbeennegotiating/hasnegotiated(negotiate)anewcontractwiththeunionrecently．②Ourcoachisnegotiatingwiththeheadmasterfor/abouttheuseoftheirgym．③Thedetailsofthecontractarestillundernegotiation．④Thecompanyenteredintonegotiation(negotiate)forthepurchaseofasitejustoutsidethetown．——一句多译您为什么不就此事直接与他进行协商呢？⑤Whydon'tyouhaveatalk/talkwithhimdirectlyaboutthematter?(talk)⑥Whydon'tyouconsulthimdirectlyaboutthematter?(consult)⑦Whydon'tyounegotiatewithhimdirectlyaboutthematter?(negotiate)⑧Whydon'tyouenterinto/open/conductnegotiationswithhimdirectlyaboutthematter?(negotiation)2．mixturen．混合；结合体；混合物[素养佳句]Welistenedtothenewswithamixtureofsurpriseandexcitement．我们听到这个消息，既惊讶又兴奋。(1)amixtureof...……的混合物(2)mixvi．&vt．(使)混合；(使)掺和；(使)融合mixwith与……混合；融合mixAwithB＝mixAandB(together)把A与B混合起来/融合在一起mixup混淆；弄混；弄乱(3)mixedadj．混合的；混杂的——单句语法填空①(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jennafoundthebreadandputtwoslicesintotheeggmixture(mix)．②Idon'tliketomixbusinesswithpleasure．③Hewassonervousthathegotthespeechpagesallmixed(mix)up．——完成句子④Theylookedathimwithamixtureofhorror,envy,andawe．他们带着一种恐惧、嫉妒和敬畏交加的心情望着他。⑤You'dbetternotmixbusinesswithprivateaffairs．你最好不要把公事和私事混在一起。3．mercyn．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠[素养佳句]Theoldwomanshowedmercytothepoorchildren．这位老妇人很同情这些可怜的孩子。(1)showmercyto对……怜悯/宽恕havemercyon/upon对……怜悯/宽恕withoutmercy残忍地；毫不留情地atthemercyof...任由……摆布(2)mercifuladj．仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的(3)mercilessadj．残忍的；无慈悲心的——单句语法填空①Thankstothemerciful(mercy)lady,Ihadmoneytobuyatickethome．②Iftheshopperhadhadmercyontheboy,hewouldhavegotthegeographybook．③Whydidyoushowmercytothethiefwhohadstolenyourmoney?——完成句子④Hisfatherdrovehimoutofhomewithoutmercy．他父亲毫不留情地把他赶出了家门。⑤Theshipwasatthemercyofthestrongwindsandwaves．这艘船受大风和海浪的摆布。4．possessionn．个人财产；拥有；控制[素养佳句]Happinessisnotwishingforwhatwedon'thave，butenjoyingwhatwetakepossessionof．幸福不是希望得到我们没有的东西，而是享受我们拥有的东西。(1)inpossessionof具有，拥有inthepossessionof被……拥有，归……所有takepossessionof占有，拥有(2)possessvt．拥有，具有；支配(3)possessedadj．具有(某种品质、能力等)；着了魔似的；猛烈的bepossessedof具有(某种品质、能力等)bepossessedby为……所支配——单句语法填空①(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)AllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding．②(2019·天津卷)RightafterErintookpossession(possess)ofmywalletonthebus,shepostedapictureofmydriver'slicensetoanonlineforum(论坛),tryingtoseeifanyoneknewme．③Theyoungmanispossessed(possess)ofgreatself-confidence．——一句多译据说一个年轻人拥有这座大楼。④Itissaidthatayoungmanpossessesthisbuilding．(possessv．)⑤Itissaidthatayoungmanisinpossessionofthisbuilding．(possessionn．)⑥Itissaidthatthisbuildingisinthepossessionofayoungman．(possessionn．)inpossessionof表示主动，意为“拥有……；占有……”，主语通常为表示人的词语；inthepossessionof表示被动，意为“为某人所有”，主语通常为表示物的词语。5．arrestn．逮捕；拘留；中止vt．逮捕；拘留；阻止；引起……的注意；吸引[素养佳句]Hewaswalkinginthestreetwhenabeautifulladyarrestedhisattention．他正在街上走着，突然一位漂亮的女士引起了他的注意。(1)underarrest被捕makeanarrest展开拘捕行动(2)arrestsb．for(doing)sth．因(做)某事逮捕某人arrestone'sattention引起某人的注意——单句语法填空①Amanfoundinvolvedintherobberywasarrested(arrest)andwassentencedtothreeyearsinprison．②Theyoungmanwasarrestedforstealing(steal)hisneighbour'scomputers．③Themurdererwasunderarrestinasmallvillagelocatedinthesouthofthecountry．④Duringthestrike,agreatmanyyoungpeoplegotarrested(arrest)．——一句多译橱窗里的电动玩具吸引了小男孩的注意。⑤Theelectrictoyinthewindowattractedthelittleboy'sattention．(attract)⑥Theelectrictoyinthewindowarrestedthelittleboy'sattention．(arrest)⑦Theelectrictoyinthewindowcaughtthelittleboy'sattention．(catch)6．inhand在手头；可供使用[素养佳句]Havingenoughdatainhand,wecansetouttocarryoutourplanasscheduled．手头有了足够的资料，我们可以开始按照安排执行我们的计划了。(1)athand在手边；在附近byhand用手handinhand手拉手；关系密切地ontheonehand...,ontheotherhand...一方面……，另一方面……(2)handback归还；交还handdown把……传下去handin上交handout分发；散发handover移交——单句语法填空①Withsomuchworkinhand,Ican'tspareanytimeformyholiday．②(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Writebyhandortypeonasinglesheetofpaper．③Goodtraditionsshouldbehandeddownfromgenerationtogeneration．④(2019·全国Ⅱ卷)Handingoutslicedorangestobloodthirstykidscanbeasexcitingaswatchingyourownkidscoreagoal．——完成句子⑤Luckdoesn'tcomealone．Itgoeshandinhandwithhardworkandknowledge．运气不会单独来。它与勤奋和知识密切相关。⑥Ontheonehand,youhavestudiedveryhard,butontheotherhand,youhavenotlearnedasmuchasyouneed．一方面，你学习很努力；但另一方面，你还没有把需要的东西全学到手。7．Therebe...needtodosth．有……必要做某事[素养佳句]Althoughyouhavedoneagoodjob,thereisagreatneedforyoutokeepontrying．虽然你已经做得很好了，但仍然有必要继续努力。(1)Thereis(no)needtodosth．(没)有必要做某事。Thereis(no)needforsth．某事(没)有必要。Thereis(no)needforsb．todosth．某人(没)有必要做某事。(2)其他常见的therebe结构：There＋情态动词＋be...Therestand(s)/lie(s)/exist(s)/remain(s)/come(s)/go(es)...Thereseem(s)/appear(s)/happen(s)/usedtobe...Thereissth．＋todo/tobedone...Thereisnodenying/doubtthat...Thereisnouse/good/sense/point(in)doing...Thereisnosuchthing/personas...——单句语法填空①Thereisanurgentneedtobuild(build)anaturereserveinthisarea．②Evenifyoumakeamistake,thereisnoneedforembarrassment．③Thereisnodenying(deny)thefactthatmoreandmoreplasticswillcomeintouseinourdailylife．④Thereisstillmuchtodiscuss/tobediscussed(discuss)．Weshall,therefore,returntothisitematournextmeeting．——句式升级Youneedn'twaitforhimbecauseheisbusywithhisworknow．⑤Thereisnoneedforyoutowaitforhimbecauseheisbusywithhisworknow．(Therebe句型)选词填空profession;tax;channel;politics;extend;murder;tale;applaud1．Shouldtherichbeheavilytaxedinordertohelpthepoor?2．Boysusuallyliketolistentodifferenttalesofadventure．3．Oureffortstoimprovethesituationaretobeapplauded．4．Inthenursingprofession,womenareinthemajority．5．Nowadays,mostcommoditiesorservicesareratedthroughcertainchannels．6．ChengduisthecapitalofSichuanProvinceandthecentreofitspolitics,economyandculture．7．Shehasbeenchargedwiththeattemptedmurderofherhusband．8．ThecompanyplanstoextenditsoperationsintoEurope．Ⅰ．语境猜词义1．(2022·浙江卷1月)Itturnsoutthatpettransportingpaysquitewellatabout$30，000peryearbeforetax．n．税2．(2021·北京卷)UNESCOwillprovidelimitedinsurancecoverageuptoUSD30，000fortheinternshipperiod．n．覆盖范围3．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷改编)TheunmannedChang'e-4probe(探测器)toucheddownlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin．adj．无人操纵的4．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷改编)Rereadingextendstheunderstandingofoneself．v．扩大；增强Ⅱ．一词多义(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatourbondwiththeworkisbasedonourpresentmentalregister．BA．n．债券；公债 B．n．纽带；关系C．n．枷锁；桎梏 D．n．结合；黏合Ⅲ．完成句子1．(2022·浙江卷6月)Astheycameinmydirection,Iputonmybrightestandhappiestsmile．当他们朝我的方向走来时，我露出了最灿烂、最快乐的笑容。2．(2021·北京卷写作)Pleaseletmeknowwhatyouthink．请让我知道你的想法。3．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)AlthoughtheMeredithsweren'twelloff，theyshowedmercyto/hadmercyon/uponthepoorandwerealwayswillingtoextendasupportinghandwheneverpossible．尽管梅瑞迪斯一家不富裕，但他们同情穷人，总是在可能的时候愿意伸出援手。4．(2020·浙江卷7月写作)Therefore,thereisnoneedtoworryaboutourstudies—justrelaxandhaveagoodrest．因此，不必为我们的学习担心——放松一下，好好休息。Ⅰ．单词拼写1．Theexperiencecreatedaveryspecialbond(关系)betweenus．2．Theincomesofskilledworkerswentup．Meanwhile(与此同时),unskilledworkerssawtheirearningsfall．3．Thepolicehavearrested(逮捕)themanwhosolddrugstotheteenagers．4．Oneverysinglemoveyouhavetoanalyseasituation,processwhatyouropponent(对手)isdoingandevaluatethebestmovefromamongallyouroptions．5．Asthecomedianwalkeddownthestage,theentireaudiencestoodtotheirfeetclappingtoapplaud(鼓掌)herwonderfulperformance．6．Thefamilymadeanofficialcomplainttoaship'sofficer,whichwasrecordedinthelog(日志)．7．Thegeneralstatedthatallforeignforceswouldwithdraw(撤退)assoonasthecrisisended．Ⅱ．单句语法填空1．Itprobablysetsailto/forGuangzhou,thelargestoftheportslinkedbytheMaritimeSilkRoute．2．Myparentswantmetohaveaprofessional(profession)career—butwhichprofessionshouldIchoose?3．Welistenedtothenewswithamixture(mix)ofsurprisingandhorrorthathewasbadlyinjuredinanaccident．4．Advertisementsmaypersuadeustothrowawayusefulpossessions(possess)tomakeroomfornewones．5．Whenhewasveryyoung,hewasforcedtoleavehishomelandforpolitical(politics)reasons．6．Thecriminalhopedthatthepolicewouldhelpkeephimfreefrompunishmentifhehelpedthepolicecatchthemurderer(murder)．7．NowadaystherearestillsomecountrieshuntingforwhalesanddolphinsintheArcticwithoutmercy(merciful)despitetheban．8．Theseproposalsrepresentarealisticstartingpointfornegotiation(negotiate)．9．Ilikereadingmagazineswithextensivecoverage(cover)ofdietandhealthtopics．10．Whenwearrivedthere,weroyally(royal)receivedineveryaspect．Ⅲ．补全句子1．我们都认为你所说的是不可信的，因为你老是对我们撒谎。(what引导的宾语从句)Weallconsiderwhatyousaidtobeunbelievable,foryou'realwayslyingtous．2．老师手里拿着一本书走进了教室。(独立主格结构)Bookinhand,theteacherenteredtheclassroom．3．他们起航时，期望一帆风顺。(setsail)Theywereexpectingasafejourneywhentheysetsail．4．他已经知道结果了。没有必要再告诉他了。(Thereisnoneedtodosth．)Hehasalreadyknowntheresult．Thereisnoneedtotellhim．课时质量评价(三十四)选择性必修第四册UNIT3主题语境：自然环境、自然遗产保护Ⅰ．阅读理解AScientistsvisitingtinyHendersonIslandintheSouthPacificrecentlymadeanalarmingdiscovery．AlthoughitisoneofthemostremoteplacesontheEarthandpreviouslyuntouchedbyhumans,theislandwascoveredinplasticwaste．Theycalculatedtherewere38millionpiecesofplastic,weighingalmost18tons,withthousandsofnewpieceswashingupeachday．“Nocountryhasafreepass—wefoundplasticfromeverywhere，”saidonescientist．“Weallhavearesponsibility,andwehavetositupandpayattention．Thisisnotanissuetoignore．Weneedtodosomethingnowtoprotectthesea．”Plasticwasteintheseahaslongbeenknownabout,butonlynowarewediscoveringthetrueextentoftheproblem．Plastictakeshundredsofyearstodecompose,soalltheplasticeverproducedstillexistssomewhere．Around95%ofplasticsmadearenotrecycled,andlargeamountsenterthesea．Currentscollectthiswasteinlargecircularsystemscalled“gyres”．OneofthelargestisinthePacificOcean,anareanowknownasthe“GreatPacificGarbagePatch”．Theproblemgetsworseasplasticbreaksdownintoverysmallpieces,or“microplastic”．Thisiseatenbyfishandleadstomassivespeciesloss．Humansalsoeatthesefish,andmicroplastichasevenbeenfoundintapwateraroundtheworld．Theproblemhasspreadtoofartoignore．TheplasticonHendersonIslandaccountsforjust2seconds'worthofglobalannualplasticproduction．Thatproductionwillmorethantripleby2050．Thentherewillbethesameweightofplasticintheseaasfish．However,therearesomeyoungmindsworkingtocleanupandprotecttheseaforfuturegenerations．WhiledivinginGreece,youngBoyanSlatnoticedtherewasmoreplasticwastethanfish．Hedecidedrightthentodedicatehislifetosolvingthisproblem．Previouslytheproblemwasconsideredtoobigtosolve;collectingtheplasticwithboatsandnetswouldbeexpensive,wouldharmsealife,andwouldtakethousandsofyears!But,Boyanthought,whymovethroughtheseawhentheseacanmovethroughyou?Toworkwiththecurrentsandgyreswouldhelpcollectthewaste．SohestartedtheOceanCleanupProject,whichplacesverylongfloatingbarriersinthePacific．Currentsthenconcentratethewastenaturallysoitcanbecollectedandrecycled．Hehopestoreducethepatchby50%injustfiveyears．“Manyproblemstodayaresideeffectsofthingspeopledidn'tthinkaboutinthepast，”hesays．Seaplasticisasymbolofthenegativeeffectsofourlifestyleandtechnology．Ouraimshouldbetocreateanewlifestyleforthiscentury．Protectingtheseafromplasticisagoodplacetostart．【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋上的塑料污染问题以及解决方案。1．Whatalarmingdiscoverydidthescientistsmake?A．TheydiscoveredatinyislandintheSouthPacificOcean．B．TheydiscoveredtherewasplasticeverywhereonHendersonIsland．C．TheydiscoveredthattherewerenohumanbeingsonHendersonIsland．D．TheydiscoveredHendersonIslandwasthemostremoteplaceintheworld．B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ScientistsvisitingtinyHendersonIslandintheSouthPacificrecentlymadeanalarmingdiscovery．AlthoughitisoneofthemostremoteplacesontheEarthandpreviouslyuntouchedbyhumans,theislandwascoveredinplasticwaste．”可知，科学家们惊讶地发现亨德森岛上到处都是塑料垃圾。故选B。2．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Microplasticismerelyharmfultothefishinthesea．B．Notallthecountrieshavetofacetheproblemofplastictrash．C．Nowadaysthereisthesameweightofplasticintheseaasfish．D．Mostplasticsmadearenotrecycled,andlargeamountsenterthesea．D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Around95%ofplasticsmadearenotrecycled,andlargeamountsenterthesea．”可知，大多数塑料制品不能回收，且大量流入海洋。故选D。3．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph4?A．HowtheOceanCleanupProjectworks．B．Theproblemofplasticcleanupistoobigtotackle．C．Lettheseaitselfdecomposetheplasticwastenaturally．D．Collectingplasticwithboatsandnetswouldbeagoodway．A段落大意题。根据第四段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了“海洋清理”项目是如何运作的。故选A。4．WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeBoyanSlat?A．Considerateandstraightforward．B．Intelligentandresponsible．C．Knowledgeableandsensitive．D．Devotedandcourageous．B推理判断题。根据第四段中的“But,Boyanthought,whymovethroughtheseawhentheseacanmovethroughyou?Toworkwiththecurrentsandgyreswouldhelpcollectthewaste．SohestartedtheOceanCleanupProject,whichplacesverylongfloatingbarriersinthePacific．Currentsthenconcentratethewastenaturallysoitcanbecollectedandrecycled．Hehopestoreducethepatchby50%injustfiveyears．”以及最后一段中的“‘Manyproblemstodayaresideeffectsofthingspeopledidn'tthinkaboutinthepast，’hesays．”可推知，BoyanSlat是个聪明、有责任心的人。故选B。B(2023·秦皇岛模拟)MarathonrunnerGerimaMustafaofUgandawalkedsome664kilometresacrossEastAfricaearlierthisyeartocallattentiontothreatstotheshea(乳木果)nuttree,asourceoffood,medicalproductsandincomeforthemanylivingfromWestAfricatoSomalia．NowresearchscientistsstudyingthesheatreeinBurkinaFasohavefoundthatitisthenaturalecosystemthatisgettingdegradedinthisregionthatmightdoharmtotheshea,whichisoftentargetedbycharcoal(木炭)traderswhokillandsellthetreesforfarlessthanthelong-termworthoftheirbenefits．Thehabitatsarelosttoever-increasingagriculturalshiftstoo,withaclearoveralllinktotheimpactsofhumanactivity．ScientistAoifeDelaneyoftheUK,alongwithresearchersofBurkinaFasoandBritishecologists,studied10differentparklandlocationsinBurkinaFasowherethetreesareplanted．Theysaythetree—abletoproducenutsfor200years—reliesonpollinators(传粉者)thatthrivewhenothertreesandshrub(灌木)speciesarounditcreateahabitattosupportthepollinators,especiallybees．“Consequently,sheaproductionsarelikelytobenefitfromthepreservationofarangeofdifferenttreeandshrubspeciesinparklands，”Delaneyandtheresearchteamsaid．TheirworkwasrecentlypublishedintheJournalofAppliedEcology．Theauthorsrecommendmaintainingarangeofnativewoodyspeciesthroughouttheirlifespans,andplantingnewonesintofarmlandwhencleared．Theideaistobeintentionalandactiveaboutprotectingthetrees．“Onlyseparatepartsofsemi-naturalhabitatinthesurroundinglandscapemaynotbesufficienttoprovidethenecessarypollinationservices，”theyconcluded．“Inaregionthatissubjecttonutritionalpovertyandwherethefundrequiredtosupplylocalfoodsislackingformostfamilies,maintainingnaturalecosystemservicesthatsupportfoodprovisionmustbeapriority．”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了乳木果树面临的威胁及对其采取的保护措施。5．WhyisGerimaMustafamentionedinthefirstparagraph?A．Todescribeamarathonrunner'sexperience．B．TosuggestthepopularityofGerimaMustafa．C．Tointroducetheimportanceofsheanuttrees．D．Toexplainanapproachtoprotectingthewildlife．C推理判断题。根据第一段中的“callattentiontothreatstotheshea(乳木果)nuttree,asourceoffood,medicalproductsandincomeforthemanylivingfromWestAfricatoSomalia”可推知，第一段提及GerimaMustafa是为了介绍乳木果树的重要性。故选C。6．WhatisagreatthreattothesheanuttreesinBurkinaFaso?A．Theagriculturaldevelopment．B．Theillegalhuntingofanimals．C．Thedisturbanceofhumanactivity．D．Thepollutionintheirnaturalhabitat．C推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，人类活动的干扰是布基纳法索乳木果树的巨大威胁。故选C。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thrive”meaninParagraph3?A．Incr